Cell Organelles

Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Section 2Section 2

Cell OrganellesCell Organelles

Structure and FunctionStructure and Function

Cell WallCell Wall

Rigid structure Rigid structure that gives support that gives support to the cell.to the cell.

Plants,fungi, and Plants,fungi, and algae have cell algae have cell walls.walls.

Made of cellulose.Made of cellulose. When the cell wall When the cell wall

lacks water the lacks water the cell droops.cell droops.

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

All cells have cell All cells have cell membranemembrane

Protective barrier Protective barrier that encloses a cellthat encloses a cell

Outermost Outermost structure of cells structure of cells that do not have a that do not have a cell wall.cell wall.

Made of lipids and Made of lipids and phospholipids.phospholipids.

CytoskeletonCytoskeleton

Web of proteins in the cytoplasmWeb of proteins in the cytoplasm Muscle and skeletonMuscle and skeleton Helps cells moveHelps cells move Keeps cell wall/membrane from Keeps cell wall/membrane from

collapsingcollapsing

NucleusNucleus ““Brain” of the cellBrain” of the cell All eukaryotic cells All eukaryotic cells

have onehave one Contains DNAContains DNA Pores allow things Pores allow things

to travel from the to travel from the nucleus to the nucleus to the cytoplasmcytoplasm

Nucleolus-where Nucleolus-where cell begins to make cell begins to make its ribosomes.its ribosomes.

RibosomesRibosomes

Make proteinsMake proteins More ribosomes More ribosomes

than any other than any other organelle.organelle.

Proteins are made Proteins are made of amino acids.of amino acids.

Found mostly on Found mostly on the rough the rough endoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum.reticulum.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)(ER)

Rough and SmoothRough and Smooth Rough-covered with Rough-covered with

ribosomes. ER ribosomes. ER delivers proteins delivers proteins from ribosomes from ribosomes throughout cell.throughout cell.

Smooth-makes lipids Smooth-makes lipids and breaks down and breaks down toxic materials that toxic materials that could harm the cell.could harm the cell.

MitochondriaMitochondria

““Powerhouse of Powerhouse of the Cell”the Cell”

Sugar is broken Sugar is broken down and energy down and energy is released to the is released to the cell.cell.

ATP-energy is ATP-energy is stored here and stored here and used by the cell to used by the cell to do workdo work

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

Photosythesis Photosythesis takes place in the takes place in the chloroplastchloroplast

Green colored due Green colored due to chlorophyllto chlorophyll

Use sunlight to Use sunlight to make sugar and make sugar and oxygenoxygen

Only found in plant Only found in plant and algaeand algae

Golgi ComplexGolgi Complex

Packages and Packages and distributes proteinsdistributes proteins

Looks like smooth Looks like smooth ERER

Lipids and proteins Lipids and proteins from ER are from ER are delivered here.delivered here.

Vesicle-sac that Vesicle-sac that surrounds material surrounds material to be moved into or to be moved into or out of the cell.out of the cell.

LysosomesLysosomes

““Suicide Sacs”Suicide Sacs” Responsible for Responsible for

digestiondigestion Found mainly in Found mainly in

animal cellsanimal cells Enzymes from Enzymes from

lysosomes are lysosomes are bumped into bumped into vesicles to digest vesicles to digest particles.particles.

VacuoleVacuole

Large vesicleLarge vesicle Store water and Store water and

liquidsliquids Help support the Help support the

cellcell

Eukaryotic Animal CellEukaryotic Animal Cell

Eukaryotic Plant CellEukaryotic Plant Cell