Cell Boundaries Cell Boundaries and Human and Human Health Health
Jan 02, 2016
Cell BoundariesCell Boundariesand Human and Human
HealthHealth
Why is water balance so Why is water balance so important in cells?important in cells?
Among the poor Among the poor and especially in and especially in developing developing countries, diarrhea countries, diarrhea is a major killer. is a major killer.
Why is water balance so Why is water balance so important in cells?important in cells?
4 billion cases of 4 billion cases of diarrhea yearly diarrhea yearly
2.2 million deaths -2.2 million deaths -many under the many under the age of 5age of 5
That’s 4 deaths That’s 4 deaths every minuteevery minute
How do diarrheal diseases How do diarrheal diseases spread?spread?
The Story of Cholera
http://picasaweb.google.com/dmeyer1usa/AfricaTrip2007/photo#5132143011588101730
http://abandoned-orphaned.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/08/01/matharesewagerut.jpg
Why is there an increase in Why is there an increase in diarrheal diseases after natural diarrheal diseases after natural
disasters?disasters?
Pakistan - FloodingPakistan - Flooding
Haiti - EarthquakeHaiti - Earthquake
Indonesia - TsunamiIndonesia - Tsunami
Philippines - TyphoonPhilippines - Typhoon
What happens next?What happens next?
What are the biggest concerns of the What are the biggest concerns of the medical community?medical community?
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Vibrio_cholerae_01.jpg/800px-Vibrio_cholerae_01.jpg
http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/a/a8/V_cholerae.jpg
http://www.msf.org/source/countries/africa/angola/2006/cholera_tent.jpg
To understand why diarrheal To understand why diarrheal disease can be so deadly – disease can be so deadly –
you have first have to you have first have to understand how healthy cells understand how healthy cells
manage water balance manage water balance
http://www.medicalook.com/systems_images/Digestive_System.jpg
Cell MembraneCell Membrane
Moving in & out of cells by Moving in & out of cells by OSMOSISOSMOSIS
WaterWater molecules move from an area of molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low high concentration to an area of low concentration through a concentration through a semipermeable* semipermeable* membranemembrane
Does not require extra energyDoes not require extra energy
* Also called “* Also called “selectively permeableselectively permeable””
Effects of Osmosis on Blood CellsEffects of Osmosis on Blood Cells
Water Balance in CellsWater Balance in CellsWater Water
Outside CellOutside CellWater Inside Water Inside
CellCellWhich Way Which Way Will Water Will Water
Move?Move?
SameSame SameSameWater flow is Water flow is equal in and equal in and
out of cellout of cell
Less WaterLess Water More WaterMore Water Net water flow Net water flow out of cellout of cell
More WaterMore Water Less WaterLess Water Net water flow Net water flow into cellinto cell
Effect of Osmosis on Blood CellsEffect of Osmosis on Blood Cells
Body
Intestinal Lumen
Intestinal Cells
Salt
Salt
Salt
Salt
Salt
Salt
Salt
Salt
Skin
The Body Our Model System
Conical Tube
Dialysis Tube
Intestine
One Dialysis Tube per Group
Conical Tube
= water
= salt
Control
One set-up/ClassExperimental
One set-up/Lab Group
Salt Solution Water
What happened to the What happened to the dialysis tube with Salt? dialysis tube with Salt?
Why?Why?
Salt Solutio
n
Water
Water
Water
Water
OsmosisOsmosis
How does your How does your experiment explain experiment explain cholera diarrhea?cholera diarrhea?
Salt
Salt
Salt
Salt
SaltNet Flow of Water Net Flow of Water
How would you treat the How would you treat the patient using osmosis?patient using osmosis?
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
SaltSugar
Net Flow of WaterNet Flow of Water
How do diarrheal diseases How do diarrheal diseases spread?spread?
The Story of CholeraThe Story of Cholera