Celebrations Booklet

8/3/2019 Celebrations Booklet

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CelebrationsYear 9 Electronic Engineering

RainfordHighTechnologyCollege

Personal Details:Name: ________________________________________ Form: ____________

Teacher: ________________________________________ Room: ____________

StartDate: ___________________ CompletionDate: ___________________

TargetLevel: ___________________

Credits: 1 2 3 4 5

Paste a photograph of yourfinished product here.


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RainfordHighTechnologyCollege Year9ElectronicEngineering

MMcLain A ril2009

Aims and outcomes of this project

The aims of this project are... togainaworkingknowledgeofProgrammableInterfaceControllers(PICs).

toselectappropriateinputandoutputcomponents. tointroduceelectronicengineeringandintermediate/

appropriatetechnology.

todevelopyourPrintedCircuitBoard(PCB)fabricationandpopulationskills.

By the end of this project... youwilldevelopagreaterunderstandingofsustainabledesignandthe3Rs(reduce,reuse,recycle).

youshouldhaveanincreasedawarenessofproductdesignanddesignissues.

youwillhavedesignedandmanufacturedahighqualityproductusingICTandCADCAM.

youwillhavedesignedaproductincorporatingaworkingcontrolsystem

Your design brief is... Yourdesignbriefistodesignandmanufactureonelectronicdeviceonthethemeofcelebrations.Youwillneedtoidentify

thetargetmarketforyourproductandconsiderthesustainable

useofmaterialsandcomponentsinyoursolution,whetherthisisthroughreduction,reuseand/orrecycling...

Initial specification...

(minimumrequirements1)

FUNCTION

Thesolutionwillcelebrateyourchosentheme2. ThesolutionmustincorporateaPICmicrocontroller. ThesolutionmustincorporatealeastoneLED.

AESTHETICS

Theproductshouldeyecatchingandpromotethe3Rsofsustainability.

CONSUMER

Theproductshouldbeaimedataspecificagerange3.

ENVIRONMENT

Thesolutionshouldconsiderthe3Rsofsustainability(Reduce,Reuse,Recycle).

1Youneedtoreviewanddevelopthesespecifications(onadesignfoliopage)yourspecificationshouldhavebetween2

and4pointsperheading.2Insertyourchoiceofthemeherewhenyourewriteyourspecification.

3Insertyourchosenagerangeherewhenyourewriteyourspecification.


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MMcLain A ril2009

Lesson outlinesWeek 1: Introductiontoprojectandbrief. TaskanalysisMindmap(DF04). Developmentofdesignbrief,opportunitiesandsustainability

issues.

PCBpreparationdrill,deburranddressedges. PCBpopulationbeginningwithresistors(recaponresistorcolour

codes)

Week 6: Starter-Flowchartingexercise;rearrangingflowchartsymbolsinto

programmes(start,end,outputon,outputoff,decision,wait).

Demonstration:developingaprogramme(inputsandoutputsincludingsound).

Developmenttime:(a)developprogramme(DF10)and(b)developproductcasing.

Homework:Designaposterofthe3Rsofsustainability(reduce,reuse,recycle).

Homework:Catch-uponmissingwork(homeorclass)

Week 2: Conductasurvey(inagroup)usingtheclassasthepopulationand

thequestionnairecompletedforhomework.

Analysisofsurveyusingaspreadsheetandcharts(DF05). Developmentofproductdesignspecification(PDS)usinghandout

withtemplate(DF06). PCBpopulationincludingapplyingflyingleadstoanLED

(photographfornextlesson).

Discussreusableproducts(wholeclassandthink,pair,share).

Week 7: Briefing:chancetoasquestionsbeforeafulllessonofmanufacturing. Demonstration:developingaprogramme(advanced). Task:completeproductsbytheendofthelessonforTeacher

Assessmentnextlesson.

Beforebringingyourproductformarkingcompletethe3Rsaudit,selfassessyourworkandcompleteyourdesignfolio.

Homework:Createamoodboardofinspirationalimagesforyourtheme(DF02).

Homework:Evaluationofproductagainstyourspecifications,withmodifications(DF12).

Week 3: Starter:walkonthewildside(makinglinksbetweenideasand

themes)

PCBpopulationcompletePCB(withoneLED)andtestprogramme.

Componentinvestigation(DF03). SystemAnalysisandcircuitdiagramsketch2+systemideasand

circuitdiagram(DF08).

EvaluatePCBpopulation(fromphotograph).

Week 8: Endofunittest.30min. Peermarkingofendofunittest. Selfandpeerassessmentofpracticalwork. ChecklistsNationalCurriculumlevels(andGCSEDgrade) Photographyourproduct,printandpasttocoverpage. Completionofproduct,folioand/orextensiontasksbefore

presentation,toteacher,formarking.

Homework:Drawyoursystemideas(2+)foryourproduct-inputs/outputs(DF08).

Homework:Opportunitytoimproveandresubmitdesignfolio.

Week 4: Designideassketchideasforcelebrationicon&case/box(DF07). Reviewproductdesignspecification(PDS). CADDevelopcelebrationicon(DF09). PCBpopulationfinishoff,addingextracomponentsifnecessary. Introductiontoprogrammingbeginprogrammedevelopment.

Homework:Investigate3itemsthatcouldbereusedinyourproduct(DF01).

Week 5: Discussion:addingvaluetoproductcasing(standardorreused),

e.g.closures,strengthening,decoration

Demonstration:drillingandpreparingproductcasing(includingmountingthePCB,attachingaswitchandanLEDwithaclip).

Beginmodificationstoproductcasing Plenary:Think,pair,share(solutiontoproblems)

Homework:ProduceagraphicplanofmanufactureforyourPCB(DF11).

Design folio content:Alongsideyourpracticalwork,youwillneedtosubmitthedesignfoliosheetsbelow...

Research

DF01.Investigation:reduce,reuseandrecycle-investigatematerials/componentsaroundschoolorhomeforpossiblehousings

DF02.Moodboardcollageofinspirationalimagebasedonyourtheme.DF03.Componentinvestigation-tableofsymbols&descriptions.

Analysis

DF04.TaskanalysisMindmapoftask,researchareasandideasDF05.AnalysisofSurveygraphsofquestionnaireresultswithsummary.

Specification

DF06.ProductDesignSpecification-10-pointPDS,usingFACE(Function,Aesthetics,Consumer,Environment),withexplanations.

Generationofideas

DF07.Designideas-SketchesDF08.SystemIdeas2+differentsystemdiagrams(inputs/outputs)

Developmentofsolution

DF09.ProductdevelopmentCADDrawings(e.g.CelebrationIcon)DF10.Programmedevelopmentprintoutyourprogrammes,witha

briefexplanationshowinghowyoudevelopedandimprovedthem.

Planningformanufacture

DF11.Planofmanufacture:PCBpopulationTestingandevaluation

DF12.Evaluationofproductina3columntable,againstthespecifications(page2&DF05),identifyingmodifications.


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MMcLain A ril2009

What is a system?

Figure1

Thebasicsystemforthecelebrationboxisshownbelow(Figure2).Labelthestage(input,processor

output)andthecomponentineachboxofthesystemdiagram.

Figure2

Therearetwomainkindsofsystem,theOpenLoop(Figures1and2)andClosedLoop(Figure3).The

openlooprunswhentriggeredbyaninput.Whereastheclosedloopiscontrolledbyfeedbackfrom

theoutput,sorunconstantlywithoutinterferencee.g.acentralheatingsystem.

Figure3

Task:

Completethesystem

diagram(right)fora

bicycle,showinghow

themovementis

transferredfromthe

ridertotheroad.


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MMcLain A ril2009

Sustainable Design

Thereisalotoftalkaboutsustainabilityandtheenvironmentatthemoment.

Haveyoustoppedtothinkaboutwhatsustainabilitymeans?

Whatdoesthewordsustainmean(trylookinginadictionaryifyouareunsure)?

W5: who, what, when, where and why?

Sowhatdoesthismeanforthedesigner?UsetheW5questionstoanalysethewaysinwhich

sustainabilityaffectsus?

Who? What? Where? When? Why?

Sowhatdoesitmeantosustainablydesignaproduct?

The 3Rs: reduce, reuse, recycle

Therearemanythingsthatwecandotomakeourproductsmoresustainable.The3Rscanhelpuseto

rethinkourdesignideas.HowcanwebecomemoresustainabledesignersinD&Tlessonsusingthe3Rs?

Reduce Reuse Recycle


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6 MMcLain A ril2009

Life Cycle Analysis

Theperiodbetweendesignandmanufactureofaproductonlyrepresentsasmallsectionofthelife

cycle4oftheproduct.Thereare6basicstagesintheLifeCycleofaproduct.Insertthecorrectstagein

eachoftheboxesbelow5

ConsiderthefollowingpartsofyourPrintedCircuitBoard,andidentifythematerialstheyaremade

from,therawmaterialthiscomesfromandplacesthattheysourcedfrom:

Item Material/Part Raw Material Source/Country

CelebrationIcon Lasercuticon(clear)

Solder

StrandedWire

Material/PartorRawMaterial(matchthewordsbelowtothecolumnsabove):

Conductor/Copper/PVC/Alloy/Lead/Insulator/Oil/Acrylic/Flux/Tin

4Formoreinformationgotohttp://www.envirowise.gov.uk/uk/Topics-and-Issues/Eco-Design.html

5Rearrangefromthesestages: Transport,RawMaterials,EndofLife,Use,Retail,Manufacture.


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MMcLain A ril2009

Component investigation

Inthechartbelow,identify,describeanddrawthesymbolsforthecomponentsthatareavailablefor

useinyourcircuit.Rememberthatitisimportantthatsymbolsaredrawnneatlyandaccurately.

Component Image Description Symbol


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8 MMcLain A ril2009

The Programmable Interface Controller (PIC)

Microcontrollershavem__________________to

storeap______________________ anda

p_________________tocontrolthe

i____________ando______________.

Microcontrollersareusuallypurchased

b__________andthenhaveaprogramme

d____________________ fromaPC.Aprogramme

isasetofi____________________thatcontrola

numberofinputsandoutputsinaspecific

s__________________.

Fillintheblanks,inpencil,usingthewordsbelow:

TheProgrammableInterfaceController(PIC)is

alsoknownasaMicrocontroller(literally,a

verysmallcontrollingdevice).Theycando

someofthefunctionsthatacomputer

(microprocessor),however,unlikeyourPC

theycanonlyperformoneoperationata

time.

Thef_______________(clockspeed)that

thePICweareusingis4MHz(M_________

H_________),whichmeansthatitcan

perform____________operationsevery

second.WhereasyourPCsprocessoris

measuredintermsofGHz(G______),whichis

____________timesthesizeofMHz.

Frequency

MegaHertz

4000

Giga

1000

Memory

Programme

Processor

Inputs

Outputs

Blank

Downloaded

Instructions

Sequence

Theillustrationopposite(Figure4)showsacut-awaydrawingof

anIC,withtheplasticbodyandmetallegs(thepackage).Notice

howtheactualcircuit(chip)isverysmallincompressiontothe

package.Whydothinkthisis?

Figure4

Itisimportanttobeabletoidentifythelegnumberson

anIC,sothatyouknowhowtoconnectitinacircuit.

Completethediagramontheright(Figure5),labelling

thepinnumbersandfunctions.

LegFunctionsofthe8PinPIC:

+Volts

OVolts

Transmit

Receive

Pin1(LED)

Pin2(LEDoptional

Pin3(Input)

Pin4(Soundoptional)

Figure5

Note:theIntegratedCircuit(IC)isinaDual-in-line(DIL)package


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MMcLain A ril2009 9

Programming

Acomputerprogrammeisasetofinstructionswrittenincomputerlanguage(e.g.BASIC,C++etc.).This

isknownassoftware;thedevice(s)storingtheprogrammeandprocessingtheinstructions(called

commands)arehardware.Therearetwobasicformsofprogramme,highlevelandlowlevel.High-levelprogrammingusescomputerlanguages,whereaslowlevelprogrammingusesgraphicalsymbolsto

representthecommands.Oneofthemostcommonkindsoflow-levelprogrammeusesflowcharts.

Describethefunctionofeachoftheflowchartsymbolsbelow:

Programme1:

ThisprogrammemakesanLEDflash(themain

LEDonyourcircuitboardisoutput1)

Programme2:

Thisprogrammereplacesthedelaysbetweenthe

highandlowcommandswithsound

commands(thepiezoisoptionalandconnected

tooutput4)

YouwillbeprogrammingyourPICmicrocontrollerusingCircuitWizard

START START


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1 MMcLain A ril2009

Programming continued

Formoreadvancedprogrammesyouwillwanttocontrol

theflow/sequence6.Therearethreeconcepts

7thatyou

willwanttoconsider:multipledecisions,subroutinesandfornextloops.ThebasiccircuitfortheCelebration

Box,shownbelow,hasapushswitchinput(input3)andan

LEDoutput(output1)8.

MultipleDecisions

Ifyouwanttobeableto

controlanoutputbyusingthe

pushswitchtopushonand

pushoffyoucanputa

diamonddecisionboxatthe

beginningandtheendofthe

sequence.However,youMUST

putadelay(0.5sec)afterthe

pushofftogiveyoutimeto

moveyourfingeroftheswitch

beforetheprogramme

restarts!

Notes:

Subroutines

Themainprogramme(left)

showsadiamonddecisionbox

controllingasubroutinecalloutbox.Thismeansthatyou

canuseastandardmain

programmeandexperiment

withdifferentsubroutines

(right).

Notes:

FornextLoops

Ifyouwanttorepeatthesame

actionaspecificnumberof

times,youcanuseaFor

nextloop.Thesequence

betweenForandtheEnd

Loopcommandsisrepeated

forthenumberofloops

selected(e.g.=1to10repeat

10times).Aftertheset

numberofrepetitionsthe

programmeflowmoveson,in

theexampleoppositeto

Start.

Notes:

6Theorder.7Programmingideas.

8Optionalextras:Piezosounder (output4)andadditional LED(output2).


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MMcLain A ril2009 11

Designing the product

ThebasicCelebrationBoxconceptusesalasercutacrylictemplatetotheboxandaclearacrylicicon

Labelthediagramsabove,andsuggestimprovements(below)thatcouldbemadetotheconcept.

Considerthe3Rsofsustainabledesign

Examples:

TheCelebrationBoxes,below,havebeenmanufacturedbymodifyingandreusinghouseholdwaste

products.Identifyandlabelthekeyfeaturesthatyoucanobservefromtheimages

Plasticwaterbottle Bakedbeantin

Whatproduct/itemcouldyoureusetomakethecaseforyourCelebrationBox?


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1 MMcLain A ril2009

Extension Tasks and ChecklistExtension Tasks:

Ifyouareaheadofschedule,oryourteacherisabsent,workthroughthetasksbelow:

CompleteanyoftheFOLIOpagesdescribedonpage3.

Completeanysectionsofthisbookletthatyouareableto(inpencil).

Createanameforyourproductandacompanynameandlogo.

Usingthenameandlogofromthetaskabove,designapostertopromoteyourproduct.

Designasafetyposterforoneofthemanufacturingmethodsyouhaveusedinthis

project(e.g.soldering,drillingetc.)

Sketchandlabel5ofthetoolsthatyouhaveusedinthisproject.

Produceanisometricdrawingofyourfinishedproduct.

Produceanexplodedisometricdrawingofyourfinishproduct,withlabels.

Writeausermanualtoexplainhowtouseanelectronicproductthatyouarefamiliarwith.

IfyouhaveaccesstoaPC

Investigate3productsthathavesimilarfeaturesorthemestoyourproduct,evaluate

themandidentifyanythingthatgivesyouideas

foryourownproduct.

InvestigateMicrocontrollersonwww.howstuffworks.comandproducea

PowerPointslideshowtoexplainthemtoa

groupofyear8students.

BeforePICMicrocontrollersschoolsusedICslikethe555timer.Findoutwhata555timer

doesonwww.doctronics.co.uk/555.htmand

produceapostertoexplain.

Checklist:

Beforeyoubringingyourproducttoyourteacherforassessment,workthroughthechecklistbelow:

Haveyoucompletedallsectionsofthisbooklet?

HaveyoucompletedyourSustainabilityAuditonpage13?

HaveyoucompletedalltheDesignFoliopagesdescribeonpage3?

Isyourproductcompleted,testedandprogrammed?

Haveyouprintedoutyourprogrammetoshowyourteacher?

Vocabulary:


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MMcLain A ril2009 1

Sustainability Audit

Giveyourselfamarkbetween0and2,toindicatehoweffectively

youhavemetthecriteriabelow.Thenask2colleaguestodothe

same,andtotal

Criteria You

Collea

gue1

Collea

gue2

TOTAL

Notes

Ihaveusedtheminimumcomponentspossible.

Mysolderingisneatwithnoexcesssolder.

Mysolderjointsarevolcanoshaped,notdomed.

Theflyingleadsonmycomponentsareshort. Reduce

Ihavereducedthematerialsinmyproduct.

Myproductismadebyreusingamaterial/product

Ihaveusedreclaimedelectroniccomponents.

Myproductisreusable.

MyproducthasalongLifeCycle9.

Reuse

Myproductencouragestheusertoreusemyproduct.

Myproductismadeusingrecycledmaterials.

Myproductcouldbeeasilydisassembled.

Thewastematerialsfrommyproductcanberecycled.

Ihaveputmywastematerialsintoarecyclingscheme. Recycle

Myproductencouragestheusertorecycle.

Overall Total: Out of 90

How sustainable is your product? Explain

9Itwillbeusedforandlastalongtime.


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1 MMcLain A ril2009

RainfordHighTechnologyCollege-TechnologyDepartment

ElectronicEngineering-EndofUnitAssessmentSheet

Name: Form:

UnitResults: EffortGrading:

TargetLevel

Excellent

Verygood DesignLevel

Good

Satisfactory PracticalLevel

Poor

Unsatisfactory

ExaminationScore %

PeerAssessment: L M H

1.Functionalityoftheproduct(e.g.effectiveprogramming,easeofuseetc)

2.Sustainabilityoffinishedproduct(e.g.reusedmaterials,reducedwasteetc)

3.QualityofPrintedCircuitBoardpopulation(soldering)andassembly(wires)

SignatureofPeerAssessor:.......................................................................Date: ......./......./.......

StudentSetTarget:

TargetCompleted:

TeacherSetTargets:

Toproduceaneffective,programmed,electronicproductreflectingorpromotingthe3Rs.

TeacherAssessment: TeacherChecking:

(Teacherssignature)

Verbalfeedbackgivenonpractical: Yes No

......./......./.......(Date)

Celebrations Booklet

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