CEA Overview and focus on Nanoscience

Overview of CEA Nanoscience Program JP Bourgoin

JP BourgoinDirector of the Nanoscience [email protected]

CEA Overviewand focus on Nanoscience

Defense

Energy

Technologies for information and health


CEA: Atomic Energy Commission

Public Research Organisation

2006•9 R&D sites in France•15000 employees•3.2 B€ budget•332 patents filed•>3500 scientific papers

Defence and security

Non-fossileEnergy

Information and Health

Technologies National and worldwide

Fundamental Research

(with Universities, and other research organizations)

Fundamental research

DSV Life Science DivisionDSM Physical Science DivisionDEN Nuclear Energy DivisionDRT Technological Research DivisionDAM Military Applications

100 hitech companies created since 198462 joint research units with research partners64 correspondent research laboratories associatedMain share holder of the Areva Group


PhysicalPhysicalPhysicalPhysicalSciences DivisionSciences DivisionSciences DivisionSciences Division

DSMDSMDSMDSM

National InstituteNational InstituteNational InstituteNational Institutefor Nuclearfor Nuclearfor Nuclearfor NuclearSciencesSciencesSciencesSciences

and Techniquesand Techniquesand Techniquesand Techniques

Operational DivisionsOperational DivisionsOperational DivisionsOperational Divisions

Nuclear DivisionNuclear DivisionNuclear DivisionNuclear DivisionDENDENDENDEN

TechnologicalTechnologicalTechnologicalTechnologicalResearch DivisionResearch DivisionResearch DivisionResearch Division

DRTDRTDRTDRT

Defence DivisionDefence DivisionDefence DivisionDefence DivisionDAMDAMDAMDAM

LifeLifeLifeLifeSciences divisionSciences divisionSciences divisionSciences division

DSVDSVDSVDSV

Alain Bugat

Chairman andChief Executive Officer

Jean-Pierre Le Roux

Deputy CEO

High CommissionerHigh CommissionerHigh CommissionerHigh Commissionerfor Atomic Energyfor Atomic Energyfor Atomic Energyfor Atomic Energy

Bernard Bigot

High CommissionerHigh CommissionerHigh CommissionerHigh Commissionerfor Atomic Energyfor Atomic Energyfor Atomic Energyfor Atomic Energy

Bernard Bigot

General ManagementGeneral ManagementGeneral ManagementGeneral Management

CEA : Organization

Daniel Verwaerde Philippe Pradel Jean Therme Pierre LegrainYves Caristan

Functional divisionsFunctional divisionsFunctional divisionsFunctional divisionsStrategy and

external relations

Information, management and systems

Human resources

and training

Risk control


CEA research centers

MaterialsCentre, Bourgogne

Lasers and plasmasAquitaine

Fundamental research, Nuclear Sciences, Embedded technologies, intensive computing, Biomédical SciencesParis Region

Micro/NanotechnologiesNanobiotechnologiesGrenoble

Nuclear TechnologiesFusion, fissionProvence Alpes Côte d’Azur

Nuclear Technologies Waste and fuel cycle

Vallée du Rhône


Technological Research Division (DRT)

Technologies, design and integration of micro-systemsImaging technologiesMicro- and nano-technologies for biology and healthCommunication technologies and nomad objects

Micro and nano-technologies for microelectronics (LETI)

Interactive SystemsEmbedded SystemsSensors and Signal Processing

Software and systems technologies (LIST)

Technologies for information and health

New energy technologies & nanomaterials (LITEN)

Hydrogen & fuel cells for transportationPhotovoltaic, solar energy for residential applications

MINATEC: centre for innovation and expertise in micro and

nanotechnology

80kW, 1,2kW/kg


Usages

Integration

in systems

Advanceddevices

Silicon Microtechnologies

60 %

Silicon microelectronics

Silicon microsystems

Systems for biology & health

Optoelectronics for MultiMedia

40 % Systems for communications

LETI research

1000 CEA research staff on-site500 research staff : industry and academy# 200 M$ annual budget


sensors and information proces .Devices

Sofware

Architecture

tools and uses

Embedded systems

Interacting systems

LIST : software for complex systems

500 CEA research staff on-site# 60 M$ annual budget


Fuel Cell/Batteries

Hydrogen productionEnergies Storage

Hydrogen conversion

Solar Energies

Thermal and photovoltaicEnergetic efficiencyBuilding integration

Hybrid components

Micro-Power SourcesOrganic components

Nano Powders

30 % of Liten activity16,5 Meuros

30 % of Liten activity16,5 Meuros

40 % of Liten activity20 Meuros

New Energyfor Transportation

New Energyfor nomad devices

R&D Strategy of LITEN

New Energyfor building

LITEN research


� Applying technology generated by nuclear science to healthcare and biotechnology

• Risk assessment

• Public information

• Training of experts for international organizations

� To prepare the conditions to the developmentof the future of nuclear energy

Energy

Life Science Division

Health technologies• Biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics• Structural biology (NMR, X rays)• Protein engineering• Biotechnology

Defense

� To prepare knowledge and tools to answer the requestsrelated to global security

• Emerging diseases• Bioterrorism

Missions


4 main activities

Climate and environmental Sciences

Fusion

Fundamental laws : Nuclear and high energy physics

Nanosciences and condensed matter

Other missions

Support for CEA operational divisions (other than DSM)

Participation to the construction, operation and funding of national and international large scale facilities

Physical Sciences Division DSM

3500 people348 M€ (75% appropriation)1930 publications in 2005105 EU contracts


CEA : 5 "transverse" programs

NanoscienceNanoscienceNanoscienceNanoscience

PhysicalPhysicalPhysicalPhysicalSciences DivisionSciences DivisionSciences DivisionSciences Division

DSMDSMDSMDSM

Operational DivisionsOperational DivisionsOperational DivisionsOperational Divisions

Nuclear DivisionNuclear DivisionNuclear DivisionNuclear DivisionDENDENDENDEN

TechnologicalTechnologicalTechnologicalTechnologicalResearch DivisionResearch DivisionResearch DivisionResearch Division

DRTDRTDRTDRT

Defence DivisionDefence DivisionDefence DivisionDefence DivisionDAMDAMDAMDAM

LifeLifeLifeLifeSciences divisionSciences divisionSciences divisionSciences division

DSVDSVDSVDSV

Daniel Verwaerde Philippe Pradel Jean Therme Pierre LegrainYves Caristan

Health technologiesHealth technologiesHealth technologiesHealth technologiesNew Technologies for EnergyNew Technologies for EnergyNew Technologies for EnergyNew Technologies for EnergyGlobal SecurityGlobal SecurityGlobal SecurityGlobal SecurityAdvanced MaterialsAdvanced MaterialsAdvanced MaterialsAdvanced Materials


Nanoscience @ CEA

Mé

2

Mé

2


• Nano as enabling technology for the technologies Bio – Info – Cogno and Energy and their convergenceis central to CEA Strategic Objectives

• A transverse capability involving the operational divisions of CEA operated as a continuum from Science to Technology

• 1900 people: 800 in Nanoscience and 1250 in Nanotechnology

• Strong collaborations with CNRS and Universities• Worldwide partnerships: Europe, US, Canada, China, Korea, India

Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies @ CEA

Information technologiesElectronics industry

Health technologiesNew technologies

For Energy


Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies @ CEA

1900 people in Nano @ CEA ~250M€ budget 2006

Ripault

Fontenay aux Roses

Grenoble

Valrho

Cadarache

Saclay

L I S T

L I T E N

L E T I

IBITECs

IRTSV

IBS


• Facilities and infrastructures– Networked Clean rooms in Saclay and Grenoble– Large scale infrastructures for lasers, ions, neutrons, synchrotrons

GANIL

SOLEIL

ESRF

ILL

Grenoble

Saclay

Caen

ORPHEE-LLB

nmi3nmi3

ITSLEIF

NanocharacterisationPlateforme

SOLEIL

Eu Neutron facility

Minatec

Neutron Ntl. Lab.Eu Synchrotron

Synchrotron Ntl. Lab.

Heavy Ions Ntl Lab

Eu Laser interdis. Lab.

Low EnergyIons Eu Netw.


8 Competence Centres :• Scanning Probe Microscopy• Electron microscopy• X ray diffraction • Ion beam analysis• Mechanical tests• Surface analysis• Optical techniques• Sample preparation

Partnership:

A leading edge nanocharacterisation centre in Europe :

100 reseachers and students40 characterisation tools1 500 m² laboratories15 M€ investment

Material Science Research (CEA-DSM)

Technological Research (CEA-DRT)

Service Supply for Industry

The CEA Minatec NanoCharacterisation Centre

Complementarityof state-of-the-art

techniques

Complementarityof state-of-the-art

techniques

Advanced technological

facilities

Advanced technological

facilities

ComprehensiveRange of reference

techniques

ComprehensiveRange of reference

techniques

DSM – Visiting Committee CEA - Janvier 2008 - 18

Fundamental research at the very beginning of CEA

1946, comitéscientifique

et jeunes recrutés: Trocheris,

Bloch, Abragam, Horowitz


Nanoscience @ CEA: major breakthroughs

2006 Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons

Kasprzak et al, CEA-CNRS

2-Delectron

gas

GateMicrofabricated breakjunction

Urbina et al 1996Smart cut processBruel et al 1995

Self-asembledCatanionic

nanostructuresZemb et al 1999

e/3 observationGlattli et al 1997

Superconducting QbitEsteve et al 2002

Synthesis in Reverse Micelles Pileni et al 80’s

CEA and UParisVI

Early development of Spin valves

B. Dieny et al 1991

supramoleculararchitecture in LB films 80’s

Barraud et al

Coulomb blockade in an electromagnetic environt

Devoret et al 1989


Nanoscience: CEA’s strategy

synergy between discovery research and program oriented r esearch :The transverse programThe Minatec ecosystem

⇒⇒⇒⇒

•Make teams from fundamental research and applied research work together: cooperative projects, joint teams

•Systematically seek potential applications

•Technological capabilities covering the continuum (example of nanodevices):

– Fast lithography for exploratory nanodevices within the flexible clean room at CEA Saclay center

– 100 mm lithography facility ‘PTA’ with CNRS at Grenoble

– 200 and 300 mm Integration Technology Platform at LETI


From fundamental research to industrial applications

• 135 patents in nanoscience (DSM)

• 1200 patents in nanotechnology (LETI)

• Beside the alimentation of the innovation pipeline through the CEA technological research division, 11 Startups directly born from nanoscience in DSM since 2001

PEGAS-TECH Cellabio search


Nanoscience @ CEA

•A significant research force (~5% of european research)

3 main axesNano-objects et nanomaterials

Nanoscale functionality and nanodevicesNano-biosciences

2 transversal axesModeling and simulation

Instrumentation, nanocharact. & metrology

(Nanosci-ERA)

CEA28%32%12%

8%20%

Partner of the european network Nanosci-ERA

NBIC+E Convergence

Nanotechnologies

HealthTechnologies

EnergyTechnologies


Nanoscience @ CEA : organization

Nanoscience Program

ICT Energy Life

Fuel cells

Photo

voltaïcs

Chem

tronics

Photonics

Nanom

agnetism

Quantum

electronics

Society and

ethicsissues

Separative

chemistry

Nano-T

oxicology

New

tecnologies

Modeling-Simulation (links with CEA supercomputing capacities)

Networked tools (Synchrotron, Neutrons, Technological Platforms)

Nanomaterials


Nanomaterials

Nanoscience @ CEA: topics relevant for beyond CMOS

Nanoscience Program

ICT

Chemtronics Photonics NanomagnetismQuantum electronics

10 nm10 nm

100nm

S D

G

G

Modeling-Simulation (links with CEA supercomputing capacities)

Characterization and Networked tools (X-rays, Neutrons, Technol. Platforms)

Métal

HfO2

Si

Métal

HfO2

Si

Coll. DOE/ANL


Nanoscience @ CEA : examples of research

Nanoscience Program

ICT Energy Life

Fuel cells

Photo

voltaïcs

Chem

tronics

Photonics

Nanom

agnetism

Quantum

electronics

Society and

ethicsissues

Separative

chemistry

Nano-T

oxicology

New

tecnologies

Understandingmicroemulsions

10 nm10 nm

GaNQuantum dots

Field inducedswitching MRAM

Nanoparticlesagregated around

E-Coli

Bio inspired catalystfor H 2 generationSelf-assembled

nanotubes devices

quantronium

Polythiophene fibrilsfor improvedPhotovoltaics

fT sensorsfor neurosciences


Evaluation and handling of nanomaterials risks

ToxNucProgram

nanomaterialssynthesisDetection

metrologyintegrated

OMICSeco-

toxicology

Environmentaltoxicology

majors determinants of the fate of nanomaterials in the

environment

Pilot center for safeproduction of nanomaterials

nanosafetylife cycle assessment

zero exposition

Nanoparticlestoxicologybiokinetics and biodistribution,

determination of targetorgans, mechanistics and

predictive toxicologyPoumon

intestin

Estomacrein Poumon

intestin

Estomacrein

Biodistribution post injection intranasaleNanotubes de Carbone marqués 14Cmesuring the

exposure atthe workplace

100 nm

agregation of CeO2 NPnearby

Cupriavidus metllidurans


Working towards societal acceptance-acceptability of nano

• Eco-toxicology• In vitro toxicology of nanoparticles• In vivo studies (small animals)

• Leader of the european scale program targeting safe production and use of nanomaterials

• dedicated training sessions NANORISK

• Joint research with HSS on use and potential impact – one lab dedicated to ethical and societal issues of physical sciences

• Dedicated effort towards interaction with the public

Collab. withCNRS, INERIS, INRA, INSERM

Prototype 400 drops


Chemtronics program


Chemtronics Program

Chemistry for nanoelectronics

• Molecular electronics

•Molecualr memories (bi-stable molecules)

•Carbon nanotubes

•Semi-conducting nanowires

• Flexible electronics (polymers and composites)

• Self-assembly

• nanosimulation and new architectures

• heterogeneous integration onto Si

Metal freeporphyrin

Nickel porphyrin

CNTGold electrodes

bisthiolterthiophene180 researchers in Grenoble and Saclay in 2007 expanding to 250 by 2010

[email protected] et [email protected]


Chemtronics Highlights 2007

• GHz frequency flexible carbon nanotubes transistors

• click chemistry onto carbon nanotubes

• Controlled metalization of DNA (20nm)

• simulation of the influence of the rugosityonto the transport properties of Si NWs

• X-Rays characterization of InAs NWs

J. Eymery et al Nanoletters 2007

Y.M. Niquet PRL 2007

Nguyen et alAdv. Mat. 2007

HH

NN

N+

NNN

NNN

Campidelli et al JACS 2007 in press

Chimot et al APL 2007

CEA Overview and focus on Nanoscience

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