CE 3372 Water Systems Design Lecture 00 4
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CE 3372 W
ater
Sys
tem
s
Desig
n
Lect
ure 0
04
Outline
Branched Systems
Looped Systems
Network Analysis
Hydraulic modeling
Branched System
Distribution networks are multi-path pipelines
One topological structure is branching
Branched System
Node Inflow = Outflow Energy is unique value
Links Head loss along line
Branched System
Head loss in each pipe
Common head at the node
Branched System
Continuity at the node
Branched System
4 Equations, 4 unknowns
Non-linear so solve by Newton-Raphson/Quasi-Linearization
Quadratic in unknown, so usually can find solution in just a few iterations
Looped System
Looped system is extension of branching where one or more pipes rejoin at a different node.
Looped System
Nodes: Inflow = Outflow Energy Unique
Links Head loss along pipe Head loss in any loop is zero LOOP
Examples
Branched System
Loop System
Networks
Branched and looped systems are called networks
Multiple paths for water to flow in the system
Networks – Why Model?
What is the flow distribution if the demands are changed as shown?
0.1 cfs
0.4 cfs
Sketch and Label
Node-Arc Incidence Matrix
Energy Losses in Loop
Determine “sign” for loop equations from loop traverse direction and assumed flow directions.
Build a Computation Tool
WHAT IF?
Once the tool is built, then “what-if” questions can be posed. What is the flow distribution if the demands are changed as shown?
0.1 cfs
0.4 cfs
NEXT TIME
Introduction to EPA-NET software for pipeline and network simulation
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