CDMA Migration to LTE - The Alliance for ... of LTE Migration.pdf · Users will continue to demand uninterrupted coverage ... Wideband CDMA. Requires legacy ... CDMA Migration to

Realizing LTE: Understanding the Challenges and Planning for LTE Introduction

Maria E. Palamara Director – CDMA-LTE Strategy Alcatel-LucentJanuary, 2009

All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 20092 Challenges of LTE Migration| January 2009

Agenda

1. Market Backdrop & Key Challenges of LTE Evolution

2. Managing Technology Risk

3. Making the Most out of Available Spectrum

4. Assuring Service Quality During the Transition

5. Summary


Market Backdrop


Market Highlights

Big Events of 2008 in North America

FCC Auction of 700 MHz Spectrum

Verizon and AT&T are big winners

Verizon Announcement of LTE Plans

Aggressive plans for nationwide LTE deployment in 700 MHz

Major Economic Slowdown & Recession

CAPEX spending cutbacks affect vendors

Open Access in Mobile gains Momentum

Market Success of the 3G iPhone and Advent of Google’s Android

Rise of the non-operator “application stores”

AT&T launches HSPA widely, Sprint/Clearwire launches WiMAX selectively

The High Speed Data Marketing wars continue

Increased attention on reducing CAPEX and OPEX

1XAdv

DorA+WiMax

HSxPA+

DOrBLTE

3G Evolution?

Planning evolution to LTE has become a major consideration for operators


Mobile Data Explosion The iPhone Phenomenon

Apple reports they have shipped 4M iPhones (Feb08)

ATT claim they have activated ~2M

Analyst claims 20% unlocked

Number 2 seller of smart phones in the US (28%), behind BlackBerry (41%)

Target is 10M sales by end of 2008

Business Model

Apple controls applications

Apple splits application revenue 30% Apple, 70% application vendor

AT&T gets data airtime revenue

What makes the iPhone so compelling?

Apple continues to extend and innovate:

Data functionality:

Usability: Improving power and storage

Applications: Exchange email, SDK for appl developers

Ecosystem: Web sites specifically designed for iPhone


Key Challenges in Migrating to LTE

Top 5 Operator Worries:

Cost effective evolution to LTE & IMS

Spectral Efficiency

Service Quality

Rural and Indoor Coverage Performance

CAPEX and OPEX Efficiency

Evolving to LTE… Managing the Challenges:

Managing Technology Risk

Maximizing Spectrum Utilization

Maintaining Network & Service Quality During Transition

Managing Capital Expenditures

Controlling Backhaul Costs

Developing a Device Ecosystem

Costs

Effi

cien

cy

Minimize Cost Per Data Bit to Support Profitability in an Open Access Environment


Managing Technology Risk


Alternate Risk Management Strategies Transforming to an All IP Mobile Network

1. Start with existing CDMA voice/data network

2. Upgrade to EVDOrA for data, start IP transformation in radio access & backhaul

3. Add EVDO VoIP and IMS, starting IP transformation at service layer

4. Gradually add LTE, improving profitability of access in high use areas first

5. Expand LTE to ubiquitous network, as user demand dictates

6. Eventually, full replacement of CDMA network when users are all migrated

1. Start with existing CDMA voice network

2. Add LTE carrier for data (full footprint deployment), improving competitiveness with mobile handsets

3. Implement CDMA 3G1x voice capacity enhancements, clearing additional spectrum for LTE data

4. Gradually rescale LTE bandwidth as CDMA spectrum clears, and migrate applications to LTE

5. Add IMS and VoIP to LTE to offer simultaneous voice & data

6. Eventually, full replacement of CDMA when LTE voice is proven

Lots of Spectrum Aggressive Migration Strategy

Constrained Spectrum Conservative Migration Strategy

LTE VoIP capacity & quality will determine when significant voice transition will begin


Alternate Risk Management Strategies Transforming to an All IP Mobile Network

1. Start with existing GSM/W-CDMA voice/data network

2. Deploy LTE in new bands in overlay as a complement of 2G/3G network capacity for data in hot zones

3. New AWS/700MHz band or unused band for 2G/3G

4. Expand LTE to ubiquitous network, as user demand dictates

5. Eventually, full replacement of W- CDMA network when users are all migrated

1. Start with existing GSM/W-CDMA voice/data network

2. Deploy HSPA+ in dual band networks

3. Deploy LTE in later stage using new bands as a complement of HSPA+ (capacity)

4. High band (AWS/1.9GHz) coupled with low band (700/850MHz) for better coverage

5. Growing existing HSPA capacity and deploy LTE ready modules

6. Eventually, full replacement of W-CDMA network when users are all migrated

Early LTE adopters Aggressive Migration Strategy

HSPA+ adopters Conservative Migration Strategy

Operator focus in 2009 on HSPA+ or LTE but not both simultaneously


Making the Most of Available Spectrum


LTE Spectrum Options

LTE deployable in any of the “3GPP” bands,… (and more)

FDD : 2.6 GHz, 2.3 GHz, 2.1 GHz,1900 MHz,1800 MHz,1700/2100 MHz, 1500 MHz, 900 MHz, 850 MHz, 700 MHz, 450 MHz…….

TDD : 2.6 GHz, 2.3 GHz, 1.9/2.1 GHz………

Note : Represents estimated timeframe of when spectrum will become available for LTE deployment.

North America

Initial LTE

AWS

700 MHz

Future

850 MHz (re-farm)

1.9 GHz (re-farm)

Europe, Middle East, Africa

Initial LTE

2.1 GHz

2.6 GHz

Future

900 MHz (re-farm)

1.8 GHz (re-farm)

Future

450 MHz (re-farm)

470-854 MHz (digital dividend)

Asia Pacific

Initial LTE

1.5 GHz (Japan)

2.6 GHz (Japan)

Future

2.1 GHz (Japan)

2.3-2.4 GHz (China)

Future

470-854 MHz (digital dividend)

Future

1.8 GHz (re-farm)


CDMA to LTE Migration in a 5 MHz Band

The above carrier assignments consider CDMA block-edge guard band, inter-channel guard band, CDMA/LTE channel raster and CDMA/LTE channel bandwidths

The required guard band between LTE and CDMA carriers depends on the LTE UE transmitter emission mask requirement which is not defined or finalized in TS 36.101

2 CDMA Carriers & 1 1.4-MHz LTE Carrier

1 CDMA Carrier and 2 1.4-MHz LTE Carriers

1 5-MHz LTE Carrier

3 CDMA Carriers CDMA

5 MHz LTE

1.4 MHz LTE

625 kHzGuard Band

CDMA625 kHzGuard Band

CDMA

CDMA625 kHzGuard Band

CDMA

175 kHz

175 kHz

1.4 MHz LTE CDMA625 kHzGuard Band

CDMA

175 kHz

225 kHz

1.4 MHz LTE

5 MHz


Assuring Service Quality During Transition


3G to LTE Seamless Mobility – Value Proposition

3G/LTE Seamless Mobility will be critical for a successful LTE deployment

LTE technology deployment will likely occur in stages…high data traffic areas first

Users will continue to demand uninterrupted coverage

3G/LTE Interworking assures market competitiveness during the transition

Umbrella 3G NetworkUrban LTE buildout

LTE Hot Zone

Urban LTE buildoutStrategic In-bldg


InternetIntranet

IMS

LTELTE-- WW--CDMACDMAUEUE

LTE/LTE/3GPP3GPP

WW--CDMA/CDMA/3GPP3GPP

S1S1--MMEMME

S1S1--UU

S11S11

S5/S8S5/S8

S4S4

GbGb

BSCBSC

SGSNSGSN

NBNB

RNCRNC

eNodeBeNodeB

PDN GWPDN GW GGSNGGSN

WW--CDMACDMAUEUE

LTE to W-CDMA Interworking – 3GPP Release 8

SGiSGi

Gn/GpGn/Gp

GiGi

S3S3

MMEMME

lublub AA

lulu--PSPS

S12S12

SGWSGW

BTSBTS

Requires legacy SGSN to upgrade to support

S3 & S4 interfaces

BSC: Base Station Controller BTS: Base Transceiver StationGGSN: Gateway GPRS Support NodeLTE: Long Term EvolutionMME: Mobility Management EntityNB: Node BPDN GW: Packet Data Network GatewayRNC: Radio Network ControllerSGSN: Serving GPRS Support NodeSGW: Serving GatewayUE: User EquipmentW-CDMA: Wideband CDMA

Requires legacy RNC upgrade to

support S12 interface


InternetIntranet

IMS

LTELTE-- WW--CDMACDMAUEUE

WW--CDMACDMAUEUE

LTE/LTE/3GPP3GPP

WW--CDMA/CDMA/3GPP3GPP

S1S1--MMEMME

S1S1--UU

S11S11

S5/S8S5/S8GnGn/GP/GP

GbGb

BSCBSC

SGSNSGSN

NBNB

RNCRNC

eNodeBeNodeB

PDN GWPDN GW GGSNGGSN

WW--CDMACDMAUEUE

LTE to W-CDMA Interworking – Pre 3GPP Release 8

SGiSGi

Gn/GpGn/Gp

GiGi

GnGn

MMEMME

lublub AA

lulu--PSPS

IU UP IU UP or or GnGn UPUPSGWSGW

BTSBTS

Introduce Gn on MME for inter- RAT mobility

Subscribers with no LTE remain on legacy GGSN

Subscribers with LTE will be anchored on PDN GW which will

support GGSN Features (Gn)

Direct tunnel from 3G RNC will be supported on PDN GW

(setup and managed by legacy SGSN)


eHRPD: Enabling Seamless Mobility & Handoff Between EV-DO & LTE

Enhances traditional EV-DO (HRPD) to enable future seamless IP mobility with LTE base on 3GPP Standards for enhanced Packet Core (ePC)

Moves the IP mobility anchor out of the Home Agent and into the PDN-Gateway

Changes from a client-Mobile IP based IP Mobility model to Proxy Mobile IP.

No more foreign agent

the HSGW implements Proxy Mobile IP

the handset uses Simple IP

Uses EAP-AKA for RAN authentication

Instead of PAP/CHAP, EAP-AKA conforms to 3GPP standards

Leverages IPv6, although IPv4 could also be used with eHRPD

Enables larger IP address space for mobiles, and simplifies security


AT: Access TerminaleRNC: Enhanced RNCHA: Home AgentHRPD: High Rate Packet Data HSGW: HRPD Serving GatewayLTE: Long Term EvolutionMME: Mobility Management EntityPDN GW: Packet Data Network GatewayPDSN: Packet Data Serving NodeRNC: Radio Network ControllerSGW: Serving Gateway

InternetIntranet

IMS

LTELTE--DODOATAT

LegacyLegacyDO ATDO AT

LTE/LTE/3GPP3GPP

HRPD/HRPD/3GPP23GPP2

S101S101

S1S1--MMEMMES1S1--UU

S11S11

S5/S8S5/S8 S2aS2a

A10/A11+A10/A11+ A10/A11A10/A11

BTSBTS

RNCRNC

PDSNPDSN

eBTSeBTS

eRNCeRNC

eNodeBeNodeB

MMEMME

SGWSGW HSGWHSGW

PDN GWPDN GW HAHA

S103S103

eHRPDeHRPDATAT

eHRPD

ALU is pioneering cost-effective multimode solutions for HRPD/LTE in standards and network and handset product solutions

LTE to eHRPD/HRPD Interworking


What about voice?

LTE only for voice and data? Or LTE data and traditional 3G1x, GSM or W-CDMA voice?

Factors to consider:

How important is simultaneous voice & data?

How important is an all-IP service model?

CAPEX spending priorities?

Maximize voice capacity?

Roaming Partners?

Handset complexity?

Timing?

LTE VoIP?

1x Advanced?

W-CDMA CS Voice?

3G1x CS Voice?

GSM Voice?

HSPA VoIP?

EVDO VoIP?


3G1x and LTE Voice Interworking: Circuit Switch Fallback

InternetIntranet

LTELTE--3G1x3G1xMobileMobile

3G1x3G1x MobileMobile

LTE/LTE/3GPP3GPP

3G1x 3G1x

S102S102

S1S1--MMEMMES1S1--UU

S11S11

S5/S8S5/S8

BTSBTS

BSCBSC

eNodeBeNodeB

MMEMME

SGWSGW

PDN GWPDN GW

MSCMSC

ANSI-41

LTE is data only, voice is always on 3G1x Circuit network

PSTN

S102 is used for cross paging of calls from 3G1x MSC to assure call delivery when a user is active on LTE

data session

GSM & W-CDMA Have Similar Solutions to Enable Voice Interworking with LTE

Use case: LTE is used for Data only, and 3G1x circuit voice is used for all voice calls. LTE coverage overlaps 3G1x coverage. No IMS VoIP is required, however dual mode handsets will not be capable of simultaneous voice and data service.


IMS-Based VoIP Enables A Seamless User Experience A Core Network & Service Investment that is NGWN-Ready & Access Agnostic

PDN PDN GatewayGateway, Media GW, MRF, Media GW, MRF

Broadband IP AccessBroadband IP Access

Anywhere EVDO/HSPA or LTEHome

802.11 or Femto Cell

Enterprise Office VoIP

IMS IMS InfrastructureInfrastructure

Application ServersApplication Servers(Telephony, Video, Messaging, 3G(Telephony, Video, Messaging, 3G--NGWN Interworking, NGWN Interworking, PoCPoC, etc.), etc.)

Multi – Mode Handset 3G/NGWN

IMS VoIP will enable a

seamless user experience for

multimedia services.

Operators gain critical

experience for LTE ALL-IP

NGW RAN will coexist with 3G access for some time. ALU proven expertise in Interworking across access technologies will make this a seamless user experience


Summary


Keeping Competitive During the transition

Leverage all existing assets to maximum advantage!

Voice and data

Interwork existing technologies with LTE as efficiently as possible

Don’t drop the ball on competitive user services!

Develop a plan to address subscriber demands for innovative services

advanced services and devices

Millennials (11-30 years old)

Over the next 5 years they will transform the way in which voice and data services are accessed and used

As the Millennials age, their consumer behaviour will translate into the enterprise

Current behavior in using technology, applications, and devices will continue into their adult lives and become the norm

The addressable market for Next Generation Wireless!

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CDMA Migration to LTE - The Alliance for ... of LTE Migration.pdf · Users will continue to demand uninterrupted coverage ... Wideband CDMA. Requires legacy ... CDMA Migration to

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