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CCNA ICND1OSI TCP/IP 2 OSI TCP/IPTCP/IP Application HTTP, POP3, SMTP 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 OSI Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data link Physical

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Transport Internet Network access

TCP, UDP segment IP, ICMP, ARP,DHCP Packets Ethernet, Frame Relay, ADSL, PPP, Frames

bin, ascii,jpg : :, flow control , Logical address, routing and forwarding, path determination Frame Check , Sequence (FCS), HDLC hub, repeater :,

OSI 2+1 Network access * Adjucent/same layer interactions Same layer interaction .a , Adjucent Layer interaction .b . . trailer header Data Encapsulation (transport (TCP Segment .a (internet (IP Packet .b network access Frame .c L3PDU . OSI: Protocol Data Unit PDU .d L4Header- data- .2

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(2 + 1 )LAN 3 Name Ethernet Ethernet FastEthernet FastEthernet GigaEthernet GigaEthernet speed 10 MB/s 10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 1000 Mb/s 1000 Mb/a Alt name 10 Base2/5 10 BASE-T 100 BASE-Tx 100 BASE-FX 1000 BASE-SX 1000 BASE-LX 1000 BASE-T IEEE standard IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3

.1Cable & length

Coax, 185/500m Copper, 100m, CAT3 Copper, 100m, CAT5 Fiber, 400m Fiber, 275 - 550m, multimode Fiber, 10km, singlemode-yellow 100m, CAT5e/6

(UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair- TX- T . LED " Multi BASE2/5 10 bus .a hub- switch- .b . .c broadcast .d '01base5 500 ,'01base2 185 : .e

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: , . .f Repeater 5/2.10base .a . .b CSMA/CD . .a .b , ) (jam .c . -half duplex .d Hub , -.bus .a -repeater .b Hub- switch . .c Switch - buffer .a - full dupex -CSMA/CD .b 4 . .a . 10BaseT , 100Base-TX -4 .b Trunk Switch .c 1, 2 3, -3 -6 6 -1 -2 PC NIC, Printers Switch Router Hub Wireless AP - Data link layer : Framing -1 .L .a : -Trail Field Length in Description Bytes Preamble 7 SFD Start Frame 1 Delimiter Dest. MAC address 6 SRC. MAC address 6 Length 2 -) data length type ( Type 2 : TCP/IP, Netware, AppleTalk, OSI Data and Pad 0051-64 : L3PDU FCS Frame Check 4 Sequence . ethernet addressing Ethernet 6 byte -hex .i .b

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.ii Burned in address - ROM .iii - error detection - .FCS , .

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- frame .Type .i length -) Type .ii (, LLC-.SNAP

4 -) WAN / point to point 1 + 2( demark .demarcation point . 1. CSU/DSU . 2. .CSU Carrier Service Unit .a .DSU Data Service Unit . .b - telco - :four-wire line .c . -CSU/DSU 3.

* " -84/54rj Clock- CSU/DSU - clock DCE/DTE .DCE Data Communications Equipment .a . -CSU/DSU .DTE Data Termination Equipment . " .b .DTE WAN DTE DCE. DCE .c . , DTE-.DCE .d .clock rate .WAN ,PCM 0008 , 8 .a .64kb/s . , 0 (64kbs (DS . .b 4. . 5.

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- HDLC 7. -ethernet .a - .PPP . .b 2, HDLC , ,framing .c PPP .HDLC HDLC 8. Packet Switching Leased Line 9. . Packet switching .a . ATM- FR - ,leased lines , -int .b . Packet Switching .c Frame Relay 01. - Access link - switch .a .DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier ,vp/vc .b .Point-to-point .c CIR .CBR .VC .d 71 Wan configuration Sh controller X DTE DCE 1. sh dhcp server , - DNS . 2. )2( 21 Point to point WAN's -PPP 1. PPP header- trailer .frame 2. -. 3. - HDLC . 4. (LCP (link control protocol 5. PPP LCP ) (instance . .a LCP (CP (Control protocol .b . , 6 IPv4, IPv- ,CDP LCP IPCP (IPv4), IPv6CP .CDPCP LCP ) (: .c

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Loop detection HDLC keepalive - PPP .i .LCP . Error detection .ii . Multilink .iii " . Authentication : .iv pap .2way 1. . .chap 3-way ,challenge 2. -5 MD accept PPP

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* - hostname . 1 )(down/down .a - DCE clock rate .i DTE/DCE" show controller serial .ii 2 )(up/down .b .i keepalive .ii . 1. keepalive 01 . 2. " show int 3. debug ppp authentication .iii O ) output .(challenge 3 .c PPP -.subnet .i PPP connected /23 .ii - HDLC .iii 7.

)2( 31 Frame-relay concepts 5

.NBMA non broadcast multi access network broadcast

1. .FR .CIR Commited Information rate . 2. SVC Switched Virtual Circuit. VC ) -:PVC 3. (permanent .LMI local management interface 4. - FR ), (keepalive ! .a .b Keepalive .i PVC - DLCI. .ii -) LAPF header (FR ) .c (...L3 protocol: IP, CDP . , 3 3 - ,LMI type

LMI-type -FR switch .d . autosense - .e .LMI 3 L , .f - FR switch . .i FR . . : cisco-) IETF .ii 7242/0941.(RFC .DLCI Data link connection identifier -.PVC DLCI . .source address .a , .b - DLCI - DLCI . . Full mesh point to point . .a Partial mesh int multipoint - sub int .b Hybrid.... .c broadcast broadcast-FR .a - IOS broadcast" .b Broadcast . .c " ) rip 05 VC ( - FR 3 traffic shaping .a : .b

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. FECN Forward explicit Congestion Notification .i FECN- , switch- ."1" .BECN Backward Explicit Congestion Notification .ii "BECN "1-, FECN- . . , DE bit Discard eligibility .iii . )(, DE- . , Frame-relay configuration & trouble shooting 14 )2( full mesh .1 Int se0/0 no> keepalive> no> inverse arp> Encapsulation frame-relay (Frame-relay lmi-type ansi (optional Frame-relay interface-dlci ietf partial mesh Int se0/0 Encapsulation frame-relay Int se0/0.1 point-to-point (Frame-relay lmi-type ansi (optional Frame-relay interface-dlci ietf Frame relay address mapping inverse arp Dynamic .a , . DLCI , LMI .i . DLCI ip inverse arp .ii Router ospf Network area Auto-cost reference-bandwidth Maximum-paths Auto-cost reference-bandwidth Key chain Ipv6 router rip