Images Save Lives: Creating Illustrations for Community-based Health Education, Training and Practice Ellen Vorder Bruegge Hesperian Health Guides Christian Connections For International Health June, 2014
Ccih 2014-images-for-health-ellen-vorder-bruegge
Jun 20, 2015
Consultant Ellen Vorder Bruegge explains Hesperian Health Guide's Illustration Database, which provides health educators with powerful images to use in training in a variety of global health areas, including everything from first aid to maternal health.
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Images Save Lives:
Creating Illustrations for Community-based Health Education, Training and Practice
Ellen Vorder Bruegge Hesperian Health Guides
Christian Connections
For International Health
June, 2014
Hesperian Health Guides
Hesperian books have been translated into 80+ languages and used in 222 countries / territories.
Where There Is No Doctor, is arguably the most widely-used public health manual in the world… a text that has meant survival for thousands in the Third World since the early 1970s.” - World Health Organization
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Intro to Hesperian content: Hesperian’s first book, Where There Is No Doctor, was developed in Mexico in the early 1970s by a group of community health workers and teachers to address to health problems of a small rural community. Since then, this title and 9 others have been giving people the information they need to improve their own health. We publish materials on topics ranging from women’s health to disabilities, environmental health to occupational health, and from early childhood development to community health worker training. These books have been used by Peace Corps volunteers, missionaries, other health and development workers, and by grassroots community health workers and educators around the world for over 40 years.
• Medically accurate
• WHO approved
• Simple writing
• Heavily illustrated
• Easy to understand and use
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What is Hesperian known for? For over 40 years, Hesperian has developed and delivered trustworthy, medically accurate information that is widely accessible, heavily field tested, and available in many languages and formats, print and digital. All of our health content is heavily illustrated, helping us to provide easy-to-understand health messages even on complex topics, working across languages and literacy levels. Every title goes through several rounds of grass-roots field testing and expert medical review with groups and professionals all over the world. And we’re not just talking about the text, we are talking about the images too.
1. Start from people’s own experience
2. Offer practical solutions
3. Appreciate the need for compassion and understanding
4. Encourage participation and action in ways that do not depend on literacy, and that encourage critical thinking
Empowering community health materials…
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When we create health resources, we rely on these rules as a foundation. These ideas allow us to create resources that focus on the existing strengths, assets, and existing knowledge of a community.
Why use images in your health materials?
Images improve health outcomes! Images serve many purposes, all of which improve your health messaging, especially across languages and literacy levels.
*Notice that this slide has no images on it- let’s see if we can make this presentation a bit more accessible and fun using illustrations!
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Images help people access the content of the page. Images make the page friendlier and more accessible. They provide a door into the content and help illustrate technical content. They reduce the bulkiness of the text. So it is helpful to try to make sure there are images in every page, or at least in every 2-page spread.
Use images to convey content
Images can:
• Make information accessible, represent complex ideas visually
• Illustrate processes, steps, materials, positions of the body, etc.
• Draw attention to key information
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Images also (and more typically are known to): Break up space on the page Warm up the text
Use images to depict technical content
Show step by step.
Show as much of the person as is possible, instead of disembodied body parts.
• In the book it appears as a sequence
• In Hesperian Images they appear as separate images tagged with similar words
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Step by step – remember that images appear individually in the image library.
Using images to demystify medical sequences
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Note: sequence images that show up individually in a search may not be in the same order as they appear in the book. Additionally, you will not be able to rearrange the order of images in your lightbox to reflect a sequence you want. You’ll have to do this once the images have been downloaded
Main idea images
Replace lengthy text and make content more appealing.
Use images to draw people in
Images can:
• Make it easier for people to relate to the information, feel that it reflects their own experiences
• Highlight feelings about a topic, provide humor where needed
• Enable a different, more personal voice than the one used in the text
• Create a sense of dialogue with the reader
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Note that she is turning toward the audience and also looking lovingly at her child- this image makes us feel good, models positive motherhood and livelihood, and draws us in further.
What health problems may be caused by this community’s use of water?
Drawings to foster discussion
Dialogue drawings encourage critical thinking
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Here, the “talking head” as we call them is looking directly at the reader, posing a question. This makes us feel like we are involved in his decision making process, and also models the types of questions that communities can ask during meetings and other organizing events.
Model interactions
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Here we see a positive, engaged father/son interaction, in a scene that also depicts handwashing. This is a great example of portraying a concept (WASH/sanitation) while also taking the opportunity to model positive family dynamics and engaged fatherhood.
Interaction images
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Interaction images can demonstrate conversations and decision-making processes. They can demonstrate multiple points of view.
Localization/adaptation
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Unlike photos, hand drawn images can be adapted for cultures and demographics. When people are able to relate to images, they are more powerful. This is an original image from our title, A Community Guide to Environmental Health. Note the garments the people are wearing, the architecture, and the trees and plants.
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These are variations of the same image that have been used in the various translations of A Community Guide to Environmental Health. You’ll see the detailed changes that went into the clothing, structures, even the trees and plants. This is one clear way to make an image for powerful to the demographic a community health worker is working with. Hesperian is working on getting adapted images from translated editions of our books into the image library but for now, if you don’t find the localized image you are looking for, just contact us. Emails will come at the end.
Rules of thumb for all health materials
Include people with disabilities.
Think about people’s body shape and age.
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Over a billion people, about 15% of the world's population, have some form of disability. Between 110 million and 190 million adults have significant difficulties in functioning. Rates of disability are increasing due to population ageing and increases in chronic health conditions, among other causes. People with disabilities have less access to health care services and therefore experience unmet health care needs.
Hesperian Images
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Our materials are renowned for the use of images, the look and feel of these drawings is almost iconic. Images serve many purposes. Of course some of those are to break up text, make the page look nice, or to provide some human warmth to accompany what would otherwise be much “colder” text.
Using Hesperian Images
• Search for images using simple or advanced searches.
• Collect, save, share, and organize images in your “Lightbox”
• Purchase and download high quality, hand-drawn illustrations for prices that are much lower than standard stock image sites.
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As long as there have been Hesperian books there have been community health workers, peace corps volunteers, and missionaries photo-copying, cutting and hand pasting Hesperian images into posters, training manuals, books, and countless health materials. Now Hesperian has a searchable digital platform that hosts over 12,000 images from all of Hesperian’s titles. I’m going to take you through one example of how we can search for a very specific image.
www.hesperianimages.org
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This is what the homepage looks like: The website is www.hesperianimages.org (bottom right). It’s easy to sign up for a free account and get started from this page. The arrow is pointing to a series of short, simple video tutorials. Click on these links (there are more being added all the time) to learn more about how to use the image library, and answer your questions. Of course, you can always contact us if you still have questions.
Conduct your search
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Once you’re logged in, you can use various tools to begin searching the 12,000 images. For this example, use the search bar to perform a basic search, like “breastfeeding.” This will bring up many search results.
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These are just a few of the results that came up when I searched “breastfeeding.” You can see that the keyword I used gave me too many images to sift through, so I can use this toolbar on the right to narrow down my search. I ‘m going to narrow my search by “emotion,” choosing “happy” because I want a positive, happy image about breastfeeding. I can also choose to narrow my search by gender, by the setting of the image (inside, outside, etc.). There are several other options to narrow down your search, like age, ethnicity, the number of people in the image, and more. Each time you choose a new category, the search results refresh and you get more specific choices.
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So after narrowing my search several times, I’ve found about 14 images with the categories I’ve chosen, and I found an image I like. If you hover over an image you’ll see a closer view, and you can see all of the keywords that have been attached to this image. All of the images have been tagged by carefully trained volunteers, whose focus was to use a field tested image tagging convention that is accessible to grassroots community health workers and educators- so you won’t find a lot of medical jargon but rather simple, intuitive terms. If you click on one of the keywords and you will see all the other images in the database that have been tagged with the same word.
Once you have your images, visit the Hesperian HealthWiki for health content and messaging
Visit www.hesperian.org and click “Healthwiki”
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Copy content from the health wiki and combine it with your Hesperian Images to create simple health fliers, posters, and other communication materials. The HealthWiki is also a good place to gather ideas for images, which you can find in the image library. Copying and pasting images directly from the HealthWiki will result in grainy, low resolution images, so it’s best to get them from the image library.
Thank you! Now it’s time to create your own health materials!
www.hesperian.org [email protected]
Contact us for free consultations to help you find the images you need
for your health project.
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