CBT Computer Based Training

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CBT

Computer Based Training

Computer Based Training:definition training program (not connected to a network):

computer takes the teacher's role

type of education students learn by executing special training programs on computers

product containing the pre-build learning materialCD-Rom or online packet

Computers take over:

instruction management of learning/teaching

processes monitoring learners´ progress providing feedback assessing final results

In this sense CBT is close in meaning to some other concepts:

CAI Computer-Assisted Instruction CMI Computer-Managed Instruction CBI Computer-Based Instruction CAL Computer-Assisted Learning CAT Computer-Assisted Testing

although

CBT equals or includes

CAI CMI, CBU, CAL, CAT

mostly

CBT denominates the product

as far as Forms of Learning are concerned,CBT can be used for:

Formal learning

Non-formal learning

Informal learning

CBT and Learning Theories:

Behaviorism – gave the concept of individualized instruction, the idea of a continuous control of

effectiveness Cognitivism - led to provide hints instead of giving

an immediate feedback.

Constructivism - led to include open problem solving situations

Types of CBTdepending on the teaching method – pedagogic strategy

Demonstration

Tutorial

Simulation

Demonstration

is best used to support the introduction of new information

applied widely for creation of instruction books

is similar to E-book concerning the learning method

Tutorial

main feature: a sequential manner of introducing new information

useful for teaching factual information, simple discrimination, rules, and simple application of rules

Tutorial - type variations

Drill and Skill practice - used after initial instruction when mastery of a new skill or information is desired

Problem solving - used to augment higher order thinking skills

IST = Intelligent Tutorial Systems - provide direct feedback to students, without the intervention of human beings, whilst performing a task.

Simulation

used when practicing a skill in its real context is too costly or dangerous (such as military or pilot training)

used to model real-world situations

type variation: Training games

competition elements provide motivating and engaging opportunities for practicing skills

some historical notes

Beginnings: military purposes testing, management

Development for the professional education: dependent on the economical factors and suitability

for non-formal learning Stages of the development for the school

education infrastructural factors evaluation problems

CBT – Mind Map

Evaluation of CBTwith respect to following aspects:

Technology - concerning program operation

Contents - meeting audience interests

Didactics - adequate pedagogic strategy

Program Operation: issues of consideration

Compatibility with the system Bugs and breaks Treatment of users´ errors Users´ control over the program operation Clarity of directions Usability of graphics, sound, color capabilities Usefulness of Help/Instructions Editor's permission of preview material (financial

expenses involved) Checklists on technical issues Teacher's and students´ degree of computer

competence

Content accuracy

Utility of CBT for specific education sectors - e.g., computer operating instruction

Inadequacy of CBT for other education fields - e.g., communicative competence

Clarity of the material goals - correctness of presentation

Pedagogical evaluation

Insufficient and inadequate research on this aspect: technological innovations advertised as being effective

are taken to be effective interest in quantity and spread of technology investments

more than in evaluation of educational adequacy inadequacy of evaluation formats, e.g. science research

reports comparing the incomparable - incompatibility of precise

computer language and vague learning theories

Checklists and Guides

SELECTING AND IMPLEMENTING COMPUTER-BASED TRAINING Selecting training medium

Selecting type of CBT

Making CBT choices

Using CBT

Pedagogical evaluation checklist

Pedagogigal dimensions - checklist

Benefits of CBT (Learning Situation)

self-paced, flexible, individualized, convenient suitable educational method for adults,

on-the job and off-the-job availability immediate feedback and scoring possible integrated texts, graphics, video and sound increased control and self-control possible increased learning satisfaction and motivation,

(trendy method) reduced resource requirements

Drawbacks of CBT (Learning Situation)

high costs of supplying software and hardware infrastructure

technical and didactic limitations: technical errors, unclear orders or instructions limited feedback narrow possibilities of interacting and creating small variation of practicing structures, e.g.

multiple-choice or completion tests - passive practicing

more drawbacks

a good degree of the technical competence of the user needed

high requirements of self-structuring (self-discipline) and organizing facilities of the user:

“serendipidity-effect” social isolation

Authoring Tool / Authoring System

AT is a software package which developers use to create and package content deliverable to end users

AS is a program that allows a non-programmer to easily create software with programming features

Free Test Drive of EasyCBT Authoring Tool

Easy Tutor displays the material to be taught, screen by screen.

Easy Test tests student's understanding, and records results for

analysis. Easy Quiz

presents 'pop-quizzes' to reinforce learning. Easy Book

supplies supplemental learning material in Electronic Book format.

Easy Study adds a Glossary or provides 'aide-memoire' study information.

Bibliography

http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/CBT http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Pedagogic_strategy http://i31www.ira.uka.de/docs/mm+ep/12_CBT/node1.html http://www.e-teaching.org/technik/aufbereitung/ http://www.easyteach.com/tools.html http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/CBTGuide.htm Coburn, Peter, Practical Guide to Computers in Education, Addison-

Wesley,1985 Hinze, Udo, Computergestütztes kooperatives Lernen, Waxman, Münster,

2004 Kearsley, Greg, Computer Based Training, Addison-Wesley, 1951 Seidel, Christoph, CBT, Verlagsgruppe Hogrefe, Göttingen, 1993