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Dennis L. Molfese, Ph.D.Mildred Francis Thompson Professor
Director: Center for Brain, Biology & BehaviorDirector: Big Ten/CIC Traumatic Brain Injury Research Consortium
Editor-In-Chief: Developmental NeuropsychologyDirector: Developmental Neuroscience Lab
University of Nebraska -Lincoln
Interdisciplinary Research Center
Center for Brain, Biology, & Behavior
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Acknowledgements
–Cathryn Cortesa, BA
–Nicole Earnest
–Caitlin Hudac, MA
–Kathleen Kelsey, MA
–Srinivas Kota, Ph.D.
–Christopher Rudasill, MFA
–Nathan Petro, B.A.
–Victoria Molfese, Ph.D.
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Philosophy of The Center
• Foster Interdisciplinary Collaborations. • Provide Assess to BOTH Equipment & Training.• Lead Paradigm Shift Within The Neurosciences:
–- Move from “neural phrenology” to Understanding Brain’s Neural Spatial & Temporal Interconnectivty.–- Address Characteristics of Processing In and Between Brain Regions.
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New Stadium Additions
Center for Brain, Biology, & Behavior Health & Performance
Research Lab
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Athletics/Academics Collaboration: An Unprecedented Initiative
• Informs:
–Medical & Behavioral Science
–Athletic & Academic Training & Competition
–Safety
–Innovations
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• Consortium of 13 University Research & Sport Programs with BIG 10 CIC + 8 Ivy League Schools
• Coaches
• Trainers
• Behavior & Brain Imaging Researchers
• Shared data base for images, behavior data, test procedures & programs
• Increasing external grant funding.
BIG 10 - Ivy League Concussion Research Collaboration
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Unprecedented New Information
• Screen Athletes Before Season (baseline)
• Track Performance, Neurocognition & Brain Measures
•Head Injured & Matched Controls
•Assess Impact of Multiple Concussion
•Shared Database Across Conferences
• Design Interventions
• Improve Equipment Design
• Develop Concussion Awareness Programs
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2nd FloorReception
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Internal Stairway Connecting 2nd and 3rd Floors
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Science Work Group Areas for 2nd and 3rd Floors
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Model for Training in Brain Imaging Techniques
1. Workshop Introduction to Theory, Methods, Literature, Analyses (2-days)
2. Consult on research design3. Hands-on training with equipment for
setup, data collection, data processing & analysis.4. Assistance with:
a. Data analysesb. Conference presentationsc. Journal article drafts
5. Grant submissionsGOAL: Establish Dominance in Mainstream Research Areas Through Research & Grant Activities.
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CB3 Training To DateOctober 1, 2010 - August, 2012
• 8 Two-Day Workshop: 227 Faculty & Students
• Advanced Imaging Training: 69 Faculty & Students
• Current Research Studies: 12 Projects
• Department Presentations: 38
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Current Trainees = 2608-22-2012
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Available TechnologiesfMRI
High Density Infant & Adult NIRSHigh-Density EEG/ERP
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation -TMSBehavior Science Labs
Balance LabsComputer Labs
Developmental LabsEndocrine Lab
Eye Tracking LabsGenetics Lab
Political Science Lab
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fMRI - functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Siemens 3 Tesla70 cm bore
Structure
Function
DTI
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fMRI - functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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fMRI Imaging
Attachment
Dyslexia
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Gait Testing
Videonystagmography (VNG)
Rotational Chair
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Subjective Visual Vertical
Functional Evaluation of Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR)
Balance Function Testing
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NIRS - Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
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TMS - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Machine
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High-Density ERP/EEG
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Event-Related Potentials (ERP)
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Newborn Infant Adult
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Front of Head
Left Side Right Side
Back of Head
NEWBORN
+
-
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Front of Head
Left Side Right Side
Back of Head
Adult
+
-
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Learning alters brain organization for acquisition of new information
Shape Matching Task
Different
Same
Molfese et al, 2008
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Low GRTR[GRTR less than 11]
High GRTR[GRTR more than 11]
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Eye Tracker
Eye Tracker + ERP net Eye Tracking Information
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Ability to discriminate /da/ from /ga/
ERPs in 2 to 4-Year-Old Preschool SLI Children Predict Subsequent Language Gains Following 4 Month Intervention
Yoder, Molfese & Camarata, In Press
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Training Task Results
Training TaskTraining Task
Additional Benefits
Concussion Intervention
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Issues in Assessing Sports Concussion• 1. Little information on brain & behavior prior to
concussion.
• 2. Little long-term follow-up following concussion using standardized testing.
• 3. Tests not comprehensive (e.g., ImPACT not effective in measuring attention, working memory).
• 4. Little information available regarding prior head injuries.
• 5. Falsification of pre-season tests by athletes.
• 6. Pressure to resume play following possible head injury.
• 7. No research-based information regarding when players can be safely returned to play.
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Brain Deformation Following Side “Hit”
Pellman et al., 2006
Top View
Side View <__Directionof
Force
<__Directio
nof
Force
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Brain Deformation Following Side “Hit”
Pellman et al., 2006
Top View
Side View <__Directionof
Force
<__Directio
nof
Force
Force canproduceshearing
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Vestibular Tests May Help to Identify and Manage Concussion
Julie Honaker, Ph.D.
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Working Memory: 2-back
N400N400
N2N2
Match Nonmatch
Match Nonmatch
Sports Concussion
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Self-reported symptoms & N2
N2N2
Mat
chN
onm
atch
2.5 nA
.01 nA
No history of persistent headache (n=16)
History of persistent headache (n=19)
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Normal Visual World
World at an Angle
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20-40% with TBI experience vision-disorders
Hudac et al, 2011
Post-Trauma Vision SyndromeVisual Midline Shift Syndrome
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Future Possibilities
• Use brain imaging procedures to identify distortions produced by brain injury.
• Identify intervention that can produce more normal neural processing.
• Use the successful intervention to enable individual to perceive and interact with the world in more normal fashion.
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©2012 The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska. All rights reserved.
Questions ???
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fMRI - functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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High-Density ERP/EEG: Newborn Infant
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Event-Related Potentials (ERP)
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High-Density ERP/EEG: Adult
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fMRI
DTI
Structure
Function
TracksBlood Flow inBrain
ERP
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Key et al., In press