Causes, Weapons, and Tactics of World War I The “isms,” guns, gas, and guts.

Causes, Weapons, and Tactics of World War ICauses, Weapons, and

Tactics of World War I

The “isms,” guns, gas, and guts

The “isms,” guns, gas, and guts

AlliancesAlliances In order to provide safety for their citizens, leaders chose to enter into alliances with other countries

When an ally went to war, you were obligated to as well

Triple Alliance (AKA Central Powers) Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy (until 1915)

Triple Entente (AKA Allies) Britain, France, Russia (until 1917), US (starting in 1917)

In order to provide safety for their citizens, leaders chose to enter into alliances with other countries

When an ally went to war, you were obligated to as well

Triple Alliance (AKA Central Powers) Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy (until 1915)

Triple Entente (AKA Allies) Britain, France, Russia (until 1917), US (starting in 1917)

MilitarismMilitarism

New weapons led to build up of militaries

Russia - largest in the world, but very outdated

Germany - most powerful and modern army of all

Britain - most powerful navy in the world

New weapons led to build up of militaries

Russia - largest in the world, but very outdated

Germany - most powerful and modern army of all

Britain - most powerful navy in the world

NationalismNationalism

Belief of many countries that they can do no wrong

Results from propaganda spread by government and media (yellow journalism)

Very dangerous as citizens do not think critically for themselves

Belief of many countries that they can do no wrong

Results from propaganda spread by government and media (yellow journalism)

Very dangerous as citizens do not think critically for themselves

ImperialismImperialism

Belief that getting new lands around the globe adds resources and power

Conflicts arise as European nations fight for position in Asia and Africa

Belief that getting new lands around the globe adds resources and power

Conflicts arise as European nations fight for position in Asia and Africa

Short Term Cause - “The Lighting of the

Power Keg”

Short Term Cause - “The Lighting of the

Power Keg”

Assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand

of Austria-Hungary

Assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand

of Austria-Hungary

Assassination Starts Trouble

Assassination Starts Trouble

Slavs in Austria-Hungary want freedom (nationalism)

Slavs are allied with Serbia (alliances)

Gavrilo Princip, a member of the terrorist organization called the Black Hand, shoots and kills the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in Bosnia

Austria-Hungary immediately declares war on Serbia

Slavs in Austria-Hungary want freedom (nationalism)

Slavs are allied with Serbia (alliances)

Gavrilo Princip, a member of the terrorist organization called the Black Hand, shoots and kills the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in Bosnia

Austria-Hungary immediately declares war on Serbia

Technology of WWITechnology of WWI

Considered the “First Modern War”Considered the

“First Modern War”

RiflesRifles

Much more accurate and could shoot farther

Much more accurate and could shoot farther

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Poison GasPoison Gas

First used by the Germans and later by Allies

A way to combat trench warfare Heavier than air to sink into trenches

Burned eyes and/or lungs Gas masks began to be used.

First used by the Germans and later by Allies

A way to combat trench warfare Heavier than air to sink into trenches

Burned eyes and/or lungs Gas masks began to be used.

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Trench WarfareTrench Warfare Trenches were dug to hide in 6 to 8 feet deep, they filled with water in rain

Men lived in trenches for months or years without leaving them

Boredom and terror were two most common states

Stalemate - no movement No Man’s Land - area between trenches was cleared with flamethrowers and guarded with barbed wire

Trenches were dug to hide in 6 to 8 feet deep, they filled with water in rain

Men lived in trenches for months or years without leaving them

Boredom and terror were two most common states

Stalemate - no movement No Man’s Land - area between trenches was cleared with flamethrowers and guarded with barbed wire

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Machine GunsMachine Guns

Capable of shooting 300 rounds (bullets) per minute consistently

Did the work of 80 rifles with a crew of four

Very heavy (140 lbs), jammed a lot, and overheated before becoming water cooled by end of war.

Placed on trenches, they stopped troop movements

Capable of shooting 300 rounds (bullets) per minute consistently

Did the work of 80 rifles with a crew of four

Very heavy (140 lbs), jammed a lot, and overheated before becoming water cooled by end of war.

Placed on trenches, they stopped troop movements

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TanksTanks

In 1916, these creations began to be used by the French

Germans quickly created some as well

Soldiers were able to hide behind them

Had troubles with getting stuck in trenches

In 1916, these creations began to be used by the French

Germans quickly created some as well

Soldiers were able to hide behind them

Had troubles with getting stuck in trenches

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AirplanesAirplanes

Used primarily to scout enemy lines Could be used to drop explosives Had machine guns mounted above wings Dogfight - air to air fighting between planes

Famous pilots Baron von Richtofen (Germany)- “Red Baron” Eddie Rickenbacker (American flying for France)

Used primarily to scout enemy lines Could be used to drop explosives Had machine guns mounted above wings Dogfight - air to air fighting between planes

Famous pilots Baron von Richtofen (Germany)- “Red Baron” Eddie Rickenbacker (American flying for France)

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ZeppelinsZeppelins

Also known as blimps Used to glide over cities and drop bombs

Very slow but few guns could shoot them down

Also known as blimps Used to glide over cities and drop bombs

Very slow but few guns could shoot them down

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U-BoatsU-Boats

German submarines that wreaked havoc with the Allies

Snuck up on prey without warning and fired torpedoes

Cannot be defended when surfaced, but cannot see what target is when submerged

German submarines that wreaked havoc with the Allies

Snuck up on prey without warning and fired torpedoes

Cannot be defended when surfaced, but cannot see what target is when submerged

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Your Task: Due Next Block!

Your Task: Due Next Block!

Write a letter from the western front in WWI describing what life is like in the trenches.

Ideas you might wish to include: Weapons, injuries, food, living conditions, gangrene, emotions, and relationships

Write a letter from the western front in WWI describing what life is like in the trenches.

Ideas you might wish to include: Weapons, injuries, food, living conditions, gangrene, emotions, and relationships