The Industrial Revolution Causes of IR: Iron, Steam and Railways
Jan 05, 2016
IR – a process
Cheaper prices + increased
supply
Surplus Income + increased demand
New businesses + new inventions
Question:What implications did that have for manufacturers in relation to their customers?
The Crystal Palace building built for the Great Exhibition of 1851
Paris’ Eiffel Tower – built in 1889 out of iron
Transportation
Question:What was Britain's earliest transportation infrastructure, before railroads?
The Steam Engine…Thomas Newcomen
The Newcomen Engine1710
The first practical steam engine for pumping water
James Watt1763 – 1775
Developed an improved version of Newcomen's engine
Question:What was the significance of the combustion engine?
How did railways create more jobs?Railways make the moving of goods cheaper.
Goods can now be sold for less.
More people can afford to buy these goods
More goods are sold & so more need to be produced.
Businessmen employ more workers.
More people with jobs means …
This is called the Cycle of Prosperity
The Rocket
Stephenson’s train “The Rocket” could travel up to 30 miles
per hour
1829
Why would they build a train line connecting these two cities?
Clue: Do you know where these two cities are located?
ManchesterTo
Liverpool
15 September 1830
Social & Economic Impact of the Railways
People became more interested in politics & this led to the growth of political parties
People were able to travel greater distances for leisure & to work
Seaside towns developed; the railways made cheap day trips possible
Newspapers could be sent from London all over the country.
Railway engineering towns grew up, E.g. Crewe & Doncaster.
Fish & Chips
Canals & stage coach companies could not compete & went bankrupt.
Industry grew, because the railways needed coal & iron; railways in turn allowed factories to transport their goods to markets.
Townspeople were able to receive meat, fish, milk and vegetables brought in whilst they were still fresh by the railways.
First Class Mail
The Post became quicker
Write a summary paragraph to describe the different impacts
that the railroad had on Victorian life…