Causes of Civil War. What the North looked like Urban – lots of cities Urban – lots of cities Factory based – industrial society Factory based – industrial.

Causes of Civil WarCauses of Civil War

What the North looked likeWhat the North looked like Urban – lots of citiesUrban – lots of cities Factory based – Factory based –

industrial societyindustrial society Slavery is abolishedSlavery is abolished Lots of immigrantsLots of immigrants Extensive railroadsExtensive railroads Blacks are free but Blacks are free but

not equalnot equal Emphasized public Emphasized public

educationeducation

What the South looked likeWhat the South looked like

Agriculture based – Agriculture based – agrarian societyagrarian society

Relied on slave Relied on slave laborlabor

Underdeveloped Underdeveloped railroadrailroad

Life revolved Life revolved around plantersaround planters

Rural – countryRural – country 25% owned slaves25% owned slaves

SectionalismSectionalism

When parts of the When parts of the country become more country become more concerned with their concerned with their section rather than section rather than the country as a wholethe country as a whole

For example: South For example: South more concerned with more concerned with preserving their way preserving their way of life rather than of life rather than keeping the country keeping the country unitedunited

States’ RightsStates’ Rights

Idea that states’ have certain rights Idea that states’ have certain rights that federal government can not that federal government can not overruleoverrule

Southern states felt that federal Southern states felt that federal government could not stop them from government could not stop them from leaving the Union since they joined it leaving the Union since they joined it voluntarilyvoluntarily

North saw the Fugitive Slave Act as a North saw the Fugitive Slave Act as a violation to their states’ rightsviolation to their states’ rights

Territorial expansionTerritorial expansion

As the country expands westward As the country expands westward one question keeps coming up?one question keeps coming up?

Slavery – Will the territory be free or Slavery – Will the territory be free or slaveslave

Missouri Compromise of 1820Missouri Compromise of 1820

-Missouri admitted as slave state -Missouri admitted as slave state and Maine admitted as a free stateand Maine admitted as a free state

-kept the peace for 30 years-kept the peace for 30 years

Compromise of 1850Compromise of 1850 California wants to join as a stateCalifornia wants to join as a state This would throw off the balance of free and slave This would throw off the balance of free and slave

states in Congressstates in Congress The compromise was California enters as a free The compromise was California enters as a free

state and a stronger Fugitive Slave Law passedstate and a stronger Fugitive Slave Law passed -required Northerners to help recapture-required Northerners to help recapture runaway slaves or they could be finedrunaway slaves or they could be fined -Slave catchers roamed the North sometimes-Slave catchers roamed the North sometimes capturing free blackscapturing free blacks -Upset the Northerners – morally wrong and-Upset the Northerners – morally wrong and violated their states rightsviolated their states rights

Anti-slavery movementAnti-slavery movement

Abolitionists were Abolitionists were growing in numbergrowing in number

-people that are -people that are against slaveryagainst slavery

Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Beecher Stowe writes the novelwrites the novel

Uncle Tom’s Cabin Uncle Tom’s Cabin which showed the which showed the cruelty of slaverycruelty of slavery

-divided the country -divided the country moremore

Kansas Nebraska ActKansas Nebraska Act

Stephen Douglas wants the railroad to Stephen Douglas wants the railroad to go through Chicago.go through Chicago.

Gets support by suggesting that Gets support by suggesting that Kansas Nebraska territory will be Kansas Nebraska territory will be divided in to two states and slavery divided in to two states and slavery will be decided by popular will be decided by popular sovereigntysovereignty

Popular Sovereignty allows residents Popular Sovereignty allows residents to vote on slaveryto vote on slavery

Bleeding KansasBleeding Kansas Residents of Missouri Residents of Missouri

pour in to Kansas and pour in to Kansas and vote illegallyvote illegally

Proslavery wins – Proslavery wins – antislavery settlers antislavery settlers reject the governmentreject the government

Proslavery mobs loot Proslavery mobs loot Lawrence, KansasLawrence, Kansas

Leads to violent mobs Leads to violent mobs and conflicts break outand conflicts break out

Violence will last for Violence will last for two yearstwo years

Republican PartyRepublican Party

Formed after the Formed after the Kansas Nebraska Kansas Nebraska ActAct

Anti-slavery partyAnti-slavery party Sought to protect Sought to protect

the North’s the North’s interestsinterests

Dred Scott DecisionDred Scott Decision A slave in MissouriA slave in Missouri He had lived for a time He had lived for a time

in free statesin free states He sued for his He sued for his

freedom after his freedom after his owners deathowners death

Case goes before the Case goes before the Supreme CourtSupreme Court

Court ruled against Court ruled against Dred Scott – said he Dred Scott – said he was property, not a US was property, not a US citizen, and can not suecitizen, and can not sue

The Dred Scott case was a huge The Dred Scott case was a huge victory for the Southvictory for the South

Northerners wanted to win the Northerners wanted to win the Presidency so they could stack the Presidency so they could stack the Supreme Court with judges Supreme Court with judges sympathetic to anti-slavery causesympathetic to anti-slavery cause

Further divided the statesFurther divided the states

Lincoln-Douglas DebatesLincoln-Douglas Debates Lincoln vs. Douglas Lincoln vs. Douglas

for Senate seatfor Senate seat their debates are their debates are

the model for the model for political debatespolitical debates

Debates put Lincoln Debates put Lincoln in the spotlightin the spotlight

Douglas wins but Douglas wins but loses the support of loses the support of Southern democratsSouthern democrats

Harper’s FerryHarper’s Ferry

John Brown a strong abolitionist wants to John Brown a strong abolitionist wants to provoke a slave uprisingprovoke a slave uprising

Plans to capture the arsenal at Harper’s Plans to capture the arsenal at Harper’s Ferry and then arm slaves so they can Ferry and then arm slaves so they can revoltrevolt

attack is a failure – Brown is found guilty attack is a failure – Brown is found guilty of treason and hung – becomes a martyr in of treason and hung – becomes a martyr in the Norththe North

Convinces the South that their way of life Convinces the South that their way of life is under attackis under attack

Election of 1860Election of 1860

In the North you have In the North you have Douglas vs. LincolnDouglas vs. Lincoln

In the South you have In the South you have Bell vs. BreckinridgeBell vs. Breckinridge

Lincoln wins the North Lincoln wins the North and Breckenridge wins and Breckenridge wins in Southin South

Lincoln becomes new Lincoln becomes new president because president because North has larger North has larger populationpopulation

South reactsSouth reacts

Feeling their way of life will be ended they Feeling their way of life will be ended they decide to secededecide to secede

Argue that they chose to join the Union Argue that they chose to join the Union they can choose to leave it – states’ rightsthey can choose to leave it – states’ rights

South Carolina was first to secedeSouth Carolina was first to secede Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Alabama,

Louisiana, and Texas soon followLouisiana, and Texas soon follow Form the Confederate States of AmericaForm the Confederate States of America

Underground RailroadUnderground Railroad

Escape routes that Escape routes that helped runaway helped runaway slaves reach slaves reach freedom in the freedom in the North or CanadaNorth or Canada

Conductors were Conductors were the people that the people that helped guide the helped guide the slaves on their slaves on their routeroute

Famous AbolitionistsFamous Abolitionists

Sojourner TruthSojourner Truth Escaped from slavery Escaped from slavery

at the age of 30at the age of 30 Spoke publicly Spoke publicly

throughout the North throughout the North about her about her experiencesexperiences

Helped further the Helped further the abolitionist abolitionist movementmovement

Frederick DouglassFrederick Douglass Escaped from slavery Escaped from slavery

by hopping a train with by hopping a train with a borrowed passa borrowed pass

Spoke publicly about Spoke publicly about slave lifeslave life

Wrote a book about his Wrote a book about his experiences as a slaveexperiences as a slave

Traveled England and Traveled England and Ireland speaking about Ireland speaking about slaveryslavery

Spoke with Lincoln Spoke with Lincoln about emancipating the about emancipating the slavesslaves

Harriet TubmanHarriet Tubman Born in to slaveryBorn in to slavery Escaped when she learned Escaped when she learned

she was to be soldshe was to be sold Made 19 trips back to the Made 19 trips back to the

South to lead slaves to South to lead slaves to freedomfreedom

A conductor on the A conductor on the Underground RailroadUnderground Railroad

Had a $40,000 reward for Had a $40,000 reward for her captureher capture

She served as a nurse, She served as a nurse, cook , and spy for the cook , and spy for the Union army during the Civil Union army during the Civil WarWar