-
Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration GuideCisco IOS
Release 12.2(44)SEJanuary 2008
Americas HeadquartersCisco Systems, Inc.170 West Tasman DriveSan
Jose, CA 95134-1706 USAhttp://www.cisco.comTel: 408 526-4000
800 553-NETS (6387)Fax: 408 527-0883
Text Part Number: OL-8603-05
http://www.cisco.com
-
THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN
THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS,
INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE
ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION
OF ANY PRODUCTS.
THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING
PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH
THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU
ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY,
CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY.
The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an
adaptation of a program developed by the University of California,
Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCBs public domain version of the UNIX
operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright 1981, Regents of
the University of California.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES
AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED AS IS WITH ALL FAULTS.
CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES,
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR
TRADE PRACTICE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO OR
ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
CCVP, the Cisco logo, and Welcome to the Human Network are
trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live,
Play, and Learn is a service mark of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and
Access Registrar, Aironet, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP, CCIE, CCIP, CCNA,
CCNP, CCSP, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo,
Cisco IOS, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the
Cisco Systems logo, Cisco Unity, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel,
EtherFast, EtherSwitch, Fast Step, Follow Me Browsing, FormShare,
GigaDrive, HomeLink, Internet Quotient, IOS, iPhone, IP/TV, iQ
Expertise, the iQ logo, iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, iQuick Study,
LightStream, Linksys, MeetingPlace, MGX, Networkers, Networking
Academy, Network Registrar, PIX, ProConnect, ScriptShare, SMARTnet,
StackWise, The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient, and
TransPath are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or
its affiliates in the United States and certain other
countries.
All other trademarks mentioned in this document or Website are
the property of their respective owners. The use of the word
partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and
any other company. (0711R)
Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses used in this document are
not intended to be actual addresses. Any examples, command display
output, and figures included in the document are shown for
illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses in
illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental.
Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration GuideCopyright
20042008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
-
OL-8603-05
C O N T E N T S
Preface xxxi
Audience xxxi
Purpose xxxi
Conventions xxxii
Related Publications xxxii
Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security
Guidelines xxxiv
C H A P T E R 1 Overview 1-1
Features 1-1Ease-of-Deployment and Ease-of-Use Features
1-2Performance Features 1-3Management Options 1-4Manageability
Features 1-5Availability and Redundancy Features 1-6VLAN Features
1-7Security Features 1-8QoS and CoS Features 1-10Monitoring
Features 1-11
Default Settings After Initial Switch Configuration 1-12
Network Configuration Examples 1-14Design Concepts for Using the
Switch 1-14Small to Medium-Sized Network Using Catalyst 2960
Switches 1-18Long-Distance, High-Bandwidth Transport Configuration
1-19
Where to Go Next 1-20
C H A P T E R 2 Using the Command-Line Interface 2-1
Understanding Command Modes 2-1
Understanding the Help System 2-3
Understanding Abbreviated Commands 2-4
Understanding no and default Forms of Commands 2-4
Understanding CLI Error Messages 2-5
Using Configuration Logging 2-5
iiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
-
Contents
Using Command History 2-6Changing the Command History Buffer
Size 2-6Recalling Commands 2-6Disabling the Command History Feature
2-7
Using Editing Features 2-7Enabling and Disabling Editing
Features 2-7Editing Commands through Keystrokes 2-7Editing Command
Lines that Wrap 2-9
Searching and Filtering Output of show and more Commands
2-10
Accessing the CLI 2-10Accessing the CLI through a Console
Connection or through Telnet 2-10
C H A P T E R 3 Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default
Gateway 3-1
Understanding the Boot Process 3-1
Assigning Switch Information 3-2Default Switch Information
3-3Understanding DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration 3-3
DHCP Client Request Process 3-4Understanding DHCP-based
Autoconfiguration and Image Update 3-4
DHCP Autoconfiguration 3-5DHCP Auto-Image Update 3-5Limitations
and Restrictions 3-5
Configuring DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration 3-6DHCP Server
Configuration Guidelines 3-6Configuring the TFTP Server
3-7Configuring the DNS 3-7Configuring the Relay Device 3-7Obtaining
Configuration Files 3-8Example Configuration 3-9
Configuring the DHCP Auto Configuration and Image Update
Features 3-11Configuring DHCP Autoconfiguration (Only Configuration
File) 3-11Configuring DHCP Auto-Image Update (Configuration File
and Image) 3-12Configuring the Client 3-13
Manually Assigning IP Information 3-14
Checking and Saving the Running Configuration 3-15
Modifying the Startup Configuration 3-16Default Boot
Configuration 3-16Automatically Downloading a Configuration File
3-16Specifying the Filename to Read and Write the System
Configuration 3-16
ivCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Booting Manually 3-17Booting a Specific Software Image
3-18Controlling Environment Variables 3-18
Scheduling a Reload of the Software Image 3-20Configuring a
Scheduled Reload 3-20Displaying Scheduled Reload Information
3-21
C H A P T E R 4 Configuring Cisco IOS CNS Agents 4-1
Understanding Cisco Configuration Engine Software
4-1Configuration Service 4-2Event Service 4-3
NameSpace Mapper 4-3What You Should Know About the CNS IDs and
Device Hostnames 4-3
ConfigID 4-3DeviceID 4-4Hostname and DeviceID 4-4Using Hostname,
DeviceID, and ConfigID 4-4
Understanding Cisco IOS Agents 4-5Initial Configuration
4-5Incremental (Partial) Configuration 4-6Synchronized
Configuration 4-6
Configuring Cisco IOS Agents 4-6Enabling Automated CNS
Configuration 4-6Enabling the CNS Event Agent 4-8Enabling the Cisco
IOS CNS Agent 4-9
Enabling an Initial Configuration 4-9Enabling a Partial
Configuration 4-13
Displaying CNS Configuration 4-14
C H A P T E R 5 Clustering Switches 5-1
Understanding Switch Clusters 5-1Cluster Command Switch
Characteristics 5-3Standby Cluster Command Switch Characteristics
5-3Candidate Switch and Cluster Member Switch Characteristics
5-3
Planning a Switch Cluster 5-4Automatic Discovery of Cluster
Candidates and Members 5-4
Discovery Through CDP Hops 5-5Discovery Through Non-CDP-Capable
and Noncluster-Capable Devices 5-6Discovery Through Different VLANs
5-6
vCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Discovery Through Different Management VLANs 5-7Discovery of
Newly Installed Switches 5-8
HSRP and Standby Cluster Command Switches 5-9Virtual IP
Addresses 5-10Other Considerations for Cluster Standby Groups
5-10Automatic Recovery of Cluster Configuration 5-11
IP Addresses 5-12Hostnames 5-12Passwords 5-12SNMP Community
Strings 5-13TACACS+ and RADIUS 5-13LRE Profiles 5-13
Using the CLI to Manage Switch Clusters 5-13Catalyst 1900 and
Catalyst 2820 CLI Considerations 5-14
Using SNMP to Manage Switch Clusters 5-14
C H A P T E R 6 Administering the Switch 6-1
Managing the System Time and Date 6-1Understanding the System
Clock 6-1Understanding Network Time Protocol 6-2Configuring NTP
6-3
Default NTP Configuration 6-4Configuring NTP Authentication
6-4Configuring NTP Associations 6-5Configuring NTP Broadcast
Service 6-6Configuring NTP Access Restrictions 6-8Configuring the
Source IP Address for NTP Packets 6-10Displaying the NTP
Configuration 6-11
Configuring Time and Date Manually 6-11Setting the System Clock
6-11Displaying the Time and Date Configuration 6-12Configuring the
Time Zone 6-12Configuring Summer Time (Daylight Saving Time)
6-13
Configuring a System Name and Prompt 6-14Default System Name and
Prompt Configuration 6-15Configuring a System Name 6-15
viCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Understanding DNS 6-15Default DNS Configuration 6-16Setting Up
DNS 6-16Displaying the DNS Configuration 6-17
Creating a Banner 6-17Default Banner Configuration
6-17Configuring a Message-of-the-Day Login Banner 6-18Configuring a
Login Banner 6-19
Managing the MAC Address Table 6-19Building the Address Table
6-20MAC Addresses and VLANs 6-20Default MAC Address Table
Configuration 6-21Changing the Address Aging Time 6-21Removing
Dynamic Address Entries 6-22Configuring MAC Address Notification
Traps 6-22Adding and Removing Static Address Entries
6-24Configuring Unicast MAC Address Filtering 6-25Displaying
Address Table Entries 6-26
Managing the ARP Table 6-26
C H A P T E R 7 Configuring SDM Templates 7-1
Understanding the SDM Templates 7-1
Configuring the Switch SDM Template 7-2Default SDM Template
7-2SDM Template Configuration Guidelines 7-2Setting the SDM
Template 7-3
.Displaying the SDM Templates 7-3
C H A P T E R 8 Configuring Switch-Based Authentication 8-1
Preventing Unauthorized Access to Your Switch 8-1
Protecting Access to Privileged EXEC Commands 8-2Default
Password and Privilege Level Configuration 8-2Setting or Changing a
Static Enable Password 8-3Protecting Enable and Enable Secret
Passwords with Encryption 8-3Disabling Password Recovery 8-5Setting
a Telnet Password for a Terminal Line 8-6Configuring Username and
Password Pairs 8-6
viiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Configuring Multiple Privilege Levels 8-7Setting the Privilege
Level for a Command 8-8Changing the Default Privilege Level for
Lines 8-9Logging into and Exiting a Privilege Level 8-9
Controlling Switch Access with TACACS+ 8-10Understanding TACACS+
8-10TACACS+ Operation 8-12Configuring TACACS+ 8-12
Default TACACS+ Configuration 8-13Identifying the TACACS+ Server
Host and Setting the Authentication Key 8-13Configuring TACACS+
Login Authentication 8-14Configuring TACACS+ Authorization for
Privileged EXEC Access and Network Services 8-16Starting TACACS+
Accounting 8-17
Displaying the TACACS+ Configuration 8-17
Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS 8-17Understanding RADIUS
8-18RADIUS Operation 8-19Configuring RADIUS 8-19
Default RADIUS Configuration 8-20Identifying the RADIUS Server
Host 8-20Configuring RADIUS Login Authentication 8-23Defining AAA
Server Groups 8-25Configuring RADIUS Authorization for User
Privileged Access and Network Services 8-27Starting RADIUS
Accounting 8-28Configuring Settings for All RADIUS Servers
8-29Configuring the Switch to Use Vendor-Specific RADIUS Attributes
8-29Configuring the Switch for Vendor-Proprietary RADIUS Server
Communication 8-31
Displaying the RADIUS Configuration 8-31
Configuring the Switch for Local Authentication and
Authorization 8-32
Configuring the Switch for Secure Shell 8-33Understanding SSH
8-33
SSH Servers, Integrated Clients, and Supported Versions
8-34Limitations 8-34
Configuring SSH 8-34Configuration Guidelines 8-35Setting Up the
Switch to Run SSH 8-35Configuring the SSH Server 8-36
Displaying the SSH Configuration and Status 8-37
Configuring the Switch for Secure Socket Layer HTTP 8-37
viiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Understanding Secure HTTP Servers and Clients 8-38Certificate
Authority Trustpoints 8-38CipherSuites 8-39
Configuring Secure HTTP Servers and Clients 8-40Default SSL
Configuration 8-40SSL Configuration Guidelines 8-40Configuring a CA
Trustpoint 8-40Configuring the Secure HTTP Server 8-41Configuring
the Secure HTTP Client 8-43
Displaying Secure HTTP Server and Client Status 8-44
Configuring the Switch for Secure Copy Protocol 8-44Information
About Secure Copy 8-44
C H A P T E R 9 Configuring IEEE 802.1x Port-Based
Authentication 9-1
Understanding IEEE 802.1x Port-Based Authentication 9-1Device
Roles 9-3Authentication Process 9-4Authentication Initiation and
Message Exchange 9-6Ports in Authorized and Unauthorized States
9-8IEEE 802.1x Host Mode 9-8IEEE 802.1x Accounting 9-9IEEE 802.1x
Accounting Attribute-Value Pairs 9-9Using 802.1x Readiness Check
9-10Using IEEE 802.1x Authentication with VLAN Assignment 9-11Using
IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Guest VLAN 9-12Using IEEE 802.1x
Authentication with Restricted VLAN 9-13Using IEEE 802.1x
Authentication with Inaccessible Authentication Bypass 9-14Using
IEEE 802.1x Authentication with Voice VLAN Ports 9-15Using IEEE
802.1x Authentication with Port Security 9-16Using IEEE 802.1x
Authentication with Wake-on-LAN 9-17Using IEEE 802.1x
Authentication with MAC Authentication Bypass 9-17Using Network
Admission Control Layer 2 IEEE 802.1x Validation 9-19Using Web
Authentication 9-19
Web Authentication with Automatic MAC Check 9-20
Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication 9-20Default IEEE 802.1x
Authentication Configuration 9-21IEEE 802.1x Authentication
Configuration Guidelines 9-22
IEEE 802.1x Authentication 9-22
ixCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
VLAN Assignment, Guest VLAN, Restricted VLAN, and Inaccessible
Authentication Bypass 9-23MAC Authentication Bypass 9-24
Upgrading from a Previous Software Release 9-24Configuring
802.1x Readiness Check 9-24Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication
9-25Configuring the Switch-to-RADIUS-Server Communication
9-26Configuring the Host Mode 9-28Configuring Periodic
Re-Authentication 9-28Manually Re-Authenticating a Client Connected
to a Port 9-29Changing the Quiet Period 9-29Changing the
Switch-to-Client Retransmission Time 9-30Setting the
Switch-to-Client Frame-Retransmission Number 9-31Setting the
Re-Authentication Number 9-31Configuring IEEE 802.1x Accounting
9-32Configuring a Guest VLAN 9-33Configuring a Restricted VLAN
9-34Configuring the Inaccessible Authentication Bypass Feature
9-36Configuring IEEE 802.1x Authentication with WoL 9-38Configuring
MAC Authentication Bypass 9-39Configuring NAC Layer 2 IEEE 802.1x
Validation 9-40Configuring Web Authentication 9-41Disabling IEEE
802.1x Authentication on the Port 9-43Resetting the IEEE 802.1x
Authentication Configuration to the Default Values 9-44
Displaying IEEE 802.1x Statistics and Status 9-44
C H A P T E R 10 Configuring Interface Characteristics 10-1
Understanding Interface Types 10-1Port-Based VLANs 10-2Switch
Ports 10-2
Access Ports 10-2Trunk Ports 10-3
EtherChannel Port Groups 10-3Dual-Purpose Uplink Ports
10-4Connecting Interfaces 10-4
Using Interface Configuration Mode 10-5Procedures for
Configuring Interfaces 10-5Configuring a Range of Interfaces
10-6Configuring and Using Interface Range Macros 10-7
xCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Configuring Ethernet Interfaces 10-9Default Ethernet Interface
Configuration 10-9Setting the Type of a Dual-Purpose Uplink Port
10-10Configuring Interface Speed and Duplex Mode 10-12
Speed and Duplex Configuration Guidelines 10-12Setting the
Interface Speed and Duplex Parameters 10-13
Configuring IEEE 802.3x Flow Control 10-14Configuring Auto-MDIX
on an Interface 10-15 Adding a Description for an Interface
10-16
Configuring the System MTU 10-16
Monitoring and Maintaining the Interfaces 10-18Monitoring
Interface Status 10-18Clearing and Resetting Interfaces and
Counters 10-19Shutting Down and Restarting the Interface 10-19
C H A P T E R 11 Configuring Smartports Macros 11-1
Understanding Smartports Macros 11-1
Configuring Smartports Macros 11-2Default Smartports Macro
Configuration 11-2Smartports Macro Configuration Guidelines
11-2Creating Smartports Macros 11-4Applying Smartports Macros
11-5Applying Cisco-Default Smartports Macros 11-6
Displaying Smartports Macros 11-8
C H A P T E R 12 Configuring VLANs 12-1
Understanding VLANs 12-1Supported VLANs 12-2VLAN Port Membership
Modes 12-3
Configuring Normal-Range VLANs 12-4Token Ring VLANs
12-5Normal-Range VLAN Configuration Guidelines 12-5VLAN
Configuration Mode Options 12-6
VLAN Configuration in config-vlan Mode 12-6VLAN Configuration in
VLAN Database Configuration Mode 12-6
Saving VLAN Configuration 12-7Default Ethernet VLAN
Configuration 12-7Creating or Modifying an Ethernet VLAN 12-8
xiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Deleting a VLAN 12-10Assigning Static-Access Ports to a VLAN
12-10
Configuring Extended-Range VLANs 12-11Default VLAN Configuration
12-12Extended-Range VLAN Configuration Guidelines 12-12Creating an
Extended-Range VLAN 12-12
Displaying VLANs 12-14
Configuring VLAN Trunks 12-14Trunking Overview 12-14
IEEE 802.1Q Configuration Considerations 12-15Default Layer 2
Ethernet Interface VLAN Configuration 12-16Configuring an Ethernet
Interface as a Trunk Port 12-16
Interaction with Other Features 12-16Configuring a Trunk Port
12-17Defining the Allowed VLANs on a Trunk 12-18Changing the
Pruning-Eligible List 12-19Configuring the Native VLAN for Untagged
Traffic 12-20
Configuring Trunk Ports for Load Sharing 12-20Load Sharing Using
STP Port Priorities 12-21Load Sharing Using STP Path Cost 12-22
Configuring VMPS 12-24Understanding VMPS 12-24
Dynamic-Access Port VLAN Membership 12-25Default VMPS Client
Configuration 12-25VMPS Configuration Guidelines 12-25Configuring
the VMPS Client 12-26
Entering the IP Address of the VMPS 12-26Configuring
Dynamic-Access Ports on VMPS Clients 12-27Reconfirming VLAN
Memberships 12-27Changing the Reconfirmation Interval 12-27Changing
the Retry Count 12-28
Monitoring the VMPS 12-28Troubleshooting Dynamic-Access Port
VLAN Membership 12-29VMPS Configuration Example 12-29
C H A P T E R 13 Configuring VTP 13-1
Understanding VTP 13-1The VTP Domain 13-2VTP Modes 13-3
xiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
VTP Advertisements 13-3VTP Version 2 13-4VTP Pruning 13-4
Configuring VTP 13-6Default VTP Configuration 13-6VTP
Configuration Options 13-7
VTP Configuration in Global Configuration Mode 13-7VTP
Configuration in VLAN Database Configuration Mode 13-7
VTP Configuration Guidelines 13-8Domain Names 13-8Passwords
13-8VTP Version 13-8Configuration Requirements 13-9
Configuring a VTP Server 13-9Configuring a VTP Client
13-11Disabling VTP (VTP Transparent Mode) 13-12Enabling VTP Version
2 13-13Enabling VTP Pruning 13-14Adding a VTP Client Switch to a
VTP Domain 13-14
Monitoring VTP 13-16
C H A P T E R 14 Configuring Voice VLAN 14-1
Understanding Voice VLAN 14-1Cisco IP Phone Voice Traffic
14-2Cisco IP Phone Data Traffic 14-2
Configuring Voice VLAN 14-3Default Voice VLAN Configuration
14-3Voice VLAN Configuration Guidelines 14-3Configuring a Port
Connected to a Cisco 7960 IP Phone 14-4
Configuring Cisco IP Phone Voice Traffic 14-4Configuring the
Priority of Incoming Data Frames 14-6
Displaying Voice VLAN 14-6
C H A P T E R 15 Configuring STP 15-1
Understanding Spanning-Tree Features 15-1STP Overview
15-2Spanning-Tree Topology and BPDUs 15-3Bridge ID, Switch
Priority, and Extended System ID 15-4Spanning-Tree Interface States
15-4
xiiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Blocking State 15-6Listening State 15-6Learning State
15-6Forwarding State 15-6Disabled State 15-7
How a Switch or Port Becomes the Root Switch or Root Port
15-7Spanning Tree and Redundant Connectivity 15-8Spanning-Tree
Address Management 15-8Accelerated Aging to Retain Connectivity
15-8Spanning-Tree Modes and Protocols 15-9Supported Spanning-Tree
Instances 15-9Spanning-Tree Interoperability and Backward
Compatibility 15-10STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks 15-10
Configuring Spanning-Tree Features 15-10Default Spanning-Tree
Configuration 15-11Spanning-Tree Configuration Guidelines
15-12Changing the Spanning-Tree Mode. 15-13Disabling Spanning Tree
15-14Configuring the Root Switch 15-14Configuring a Secondary Root
Switch 15-16Configuring Port Priority 15-16Configuring Path Cost
15-18Configuring the Switch Priority of a VLAN 15-19Configuring
Spanning-Tree Timers 15-20
Configuring the Hello Time 15-20Configuring the Forwarding-Delay
Time for a VLAN 15-21Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time for a VLAN
15-21Configuring the Transmit Hold-Count 15-22
Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status 15-22
C H A P T E R 16 Configuring MSTP 16-1
Understanding MSTP 16-2Multiple Spanning-Tree Regions 16-2IST,
CIST, and CST 16-3
Operations Within an MST Region 16-3Operations Between MST
Regions 16-4IEEE 802.1s Terminology 16-5
Hop Count 16-5Boundary Ports 16-6
xivCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
IEEE 802.1s Implementation 16-6Port Role Naming Change
16-7Interoperation Between Legacy and Standard Switches
16-7Detecting Unidirectional Link Failure 16-8
Interoperability with IEEE 802.1D STP 16-8
Understanding RSTP 16-8Port Roles and the Active Topology
16-9Rapid Convergence 16-10Synchronization of Port Roles
16-11Bridge Protocol Data Unit Format and Processing 16-12
Processing Superior BPDU Information 16-13Processing Inferior
BPDU Information 16-13
Topology Changes 16-13
Configuring MSTP Features 16-14Default MSTP Configuration
16-14MSTP Configuration Guidelines 16-15Specifying the MST Region
Configuration and Enabling MSTP 16-16Configuring the Root Switch
16-17Configuring a Secondary Root Switch 16-18Configuring Port
Priority 16-19Configuring Path Cost 16-20Configuring the Switch
Priority 16-21Configuring the Hello Time 16-22Configuring the
Forwarding-Delay Time 16-23Configuring the Maximum-Aging Time
16-23Configuring the Maximum-Hop Count 16-24Specifying the Link
Type to Ensure Rapid Transitions 16-24Designating the Neighbor Type
16-25Restarting the Protocol Migration Process 16-25
Displaying the MST Configuration and Status 16-26
C H A P T E R 17 Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features
17-1
Understanding Optional Spanning-Tree Features 17-1Understanding
Port Fast 17-2Understanding BPDU Guard 17-2Understanding BPDU
Filtering 17-3Understanding UplinkFast 17-3Understanding
BackboneFast 17-5Understanding EtherChannel Guard 17-7
xvCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Understanding Root Guard 17-8Understanding Loop Guard 17-9
Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features 17-9Default Optional
Spanning-Tree Configuration 17-9Optional Spanning-Tree
Configuration Guidelines 17-10Enabling Port Fast 17-10Enabling BPDU
Guard 17-11Enabling BPDU Filtering 17-12Enabling UplinkFast for Use
with Redundant Links 17-13Enabling BackboneFast 17-13Enabling
EtherChannel Guard 17-14Enabling Root Guard 17-15Enabling Loop
Guard 17-15
Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status 17-16
C H A P T E R 18 Configuring Flex Links and the MAC
Address-Table Move Update Feature 18-1
Understanding Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update
18-1Flex Links 18-2VLAN Flex Link Load Balancing and Support
18-2Flex Link Multicast Fast Convergence 18-3
Learning the Other Flex Link Port as the mrouter Port
18-3Generating IGMP Reports 18-4Leaking IGMP Reports 18-4
MAC Address-Table Move Update 18-6
Configuring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update
18-7Default Configuration 18-8Configuration Guidelines
18-8Configuring Flex Links 18-9Configuring VLAN Load Balancing on
Flex Links 18-11Configuring the MAC Address-Table Move Update
Feature 18-12
Monitoring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update
18-14
C H A P T E R 19 Configuring DHCP Features 19-1
Understanding DHCP Features 19-1DHCP Server 19-2DHCP Relay Agent
19-2DHCP Snooping 19-2Option-82 Data Insertion 19-3DHCP Snooping
Binding Database 19-5
xviCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Configuring DHCP Features 19-6Default DHCP Configuration
19-7DHCP Snooping Configuration Guidelines 19-7Configuring the DHCP
Relay Agent 19-8Enabling DHCP Snooping and Option 82 19-9Enabling
the Cisco IOS DHCP Server Database 19-10Enabling the DHCP Snooping
Binding Database Agent 19-11
Displaying DHCP Snooping Information 19-12
C H A P T E R 20 Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR 20-1
Understanding IGMP Snooping 20-1IGMP Versions 20-2Joining a
Multicast Group 20-3Leaving a Multicast Group 20-5Immediate Leave
20-5IGMP Configurable-Leave Timer 20-5IGMP Report Suppression
20-6
Configuring IGMP Snooping 20-6Default IGMP Snooping
Configuration 20-6Enabling or Disabling IGMP Snooping 20-7Setting
the Snooping Method 20-8Configuring a Multicast Router Port
20-9Configuring a Host Statically to Join a Group 20-9Enabling IGMP
Immediate Leave 20-10Configuring the IGMP Leave Timer
20-10Configuring TCN-Related Commands 20-11
Controlling the Multicast Flooding Time After a TCN Event
20-11Recovering from Flood Mode 20-12Disabling Multicast Flooding
During a TCN Event 20-12
Configuring the IGMP Snooping Querier 20-13Disabling IGMP Report
Suppression 20-14
Displaying IGMP Snooping Information 20-15
Understanding Multicast VLAN Registration 20-16Using MVR in a
Multicast Television Application 20-17
Configuring MVR 20-19Default MVR Configuration 20-19MVR
Configuration Guidelines and Limitations 20-19Configuring MVR
Global Parameters 20-20Configuring MVR Interfaces 20-21
xviiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Displaying MVR Information 20-22
Configuring IGMP Filtering and Throttling 20-23Default IGMP
Filtering and Throttling Configuration 20-24Configuring IGMP
Profiles 20-24Applying IGMP Profiles 20-25Setting the Maximum
Number of IGMP Groups 20-26Configuring the IGMP Throttling Action
20-26
Displaying IGMP Filtering and Throttling Configuration 20-28
C H A P T E R 21 Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control 21-1
Configuring Storm Control 21-1Understanding Storm Control
21-1Default Storm Control Configuration 21-3Configuring Storm
Control and Threshold Levels 21-3Configuring Small-Frame Arrival
Rate 21-5
Configuring Protected Ports 21-6Default Protected Port
Configuration 21-6Protected Port Configuration Guidelines
21-7Configuring a Protected Port 21-7
Configuring Port Blocking 21-7Default Port Blocking
Configuration 21-7Blocking Flooded Traffic on an Interface 21-8
Configuring Port Security 21-8Understanding Port Security
21-9
Secure MAC Addresses 21-9Security Violations 21-10
Default Port Security Configuration 21-11Port Security
Configuration Guidelines 21-11Enabling and Configuring Port
Security 21-12Enabling and Configuring Port Security Aging
21-17
Displaying Port-Based Traffic Control Settings 21-18
C H A P T E R 22 Configuring CDP 22-1
Understanding CDP 22-1
Configuring CDP 22-2Default CDP Configuration 22-2Configuring
the CDP Characteristics 22-2Disabling and Enabling CDP 22-3
xviiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Disabling and Enabling CDP on an Interface 22-4
Monitoring and Maintaining CDP 22-4
C H A P T E R 23 Configuring LLDP and LLDP-MED 23-1
Understanding LLDP and LLDP-MED 23-1Understanding LLDP
23-1Understanding LLDP-MED 23-2
Configuring LLDP and LLDP-MED 23-3Default LLDP Configuration
23-3Configuring LLDP Characteristics 23-4Disabling and Enabling
LLDP Globally 23-5Disabling and Enabling LLDP on an Interface
23-5Configuring LLDP-MED TLVs 23-6Monitoring and Maintaining LLDP
and LLDP-MED 23-7
C H A P T E R 24 Configuring UDLD 24-1
Understanding UDLD 24-1Modes of Operation 24-1Methods to Detect
Unidirectional Links 24-2
Configuring UDLD 24-3Default UDLD Configuration
24-4Configuration Guidelines 24-4Enabling UDLD Globally
24-5Enabling UDLD on an Interface 24-5Resetting an Interface
Disabled by UDLD 24-6
Displaying UDLD Status 24-6
C H A P T E R 25 Configuring SPAN and RSPAN 25-1
Understanding SPAN and RSPAN 25-1Local SPAN 25-2Remote SPAN
25-2SPAN and RSPAN Concepts and Terminology 25-3
SPAN Sessions 25-3Monitored Traffic 25-4Source Ports 25-5Source
VLANs 25-6VLAN Filtering 25-6Destination Port 25-6RSPAN VLAN
25-7
xixCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
SPAN and RSPAN Interaction with Other Features 25-8
Configuring SPAN and RSPAN 25-9Default SPAN and RSPAN
Configuration 25-9Configuring Local SPAN 25-9
SPAN Configuration Guidelines 25-10Creating a Local SPAN Session
25-10Creating a Local SPAN Session and Configuring Incoming Traffic
25-13Specifying VLANs to Filter 25-14
Configuring RSPAN 25-15RSPAN Configuration Guidelines
25-16Configuring a VLAN as an RSPAN VLAN 25-16Creating an RSPAN
Source Session 25-17Creating an RSPAN Destination Session
25-19Creating an RSPAN Destination Session and Configuring Incoming
Traffic 25-20Specifying VLANs to Filter 25-21
Displaying SPAN and RSPAN Status 25-22
C H A P T E R 26 Configuring RMON 26-1
Understanding RMON 26-1
Configuring RMON 26-2Default RMON Configuration 26-3Configuring
RMON Alarms and Events 26-3Collecting Group History Statistics on
an Interface 26-5Collecting Group Ethernet Statistics on an
Interface 26-5
Displaying RMON Status 26-6
C H A P T E R 27 Configuring System Message Logging 27-1
Understanding System Message Logging 27-1
Configuring System Message Logging 27-2System Log Message Format
27-2Default System Message Logging Configuration 27-3Disabling
Message Logging 27-4Setting the Message Display Destination Device
27-5Synchronizing Log Messages 27-6Enabling and Disabling Time
Stamps on Log Messages 27-7Enabling and Disabling Sequence Numbers
in Log Messages 27-8Defining the Message Severity Level
27-8Limiting Syslog Messages Sent to the History Table and to SNMP
27-10Enabling the Configuration-Change Logger 27-10
xxCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Configuring UNIX Syslog Servers 27-12Logging Messages to a UNIX
Syslog Daemon 27-12Configuring the UNIX System Logging Facility
27-12
Displaying the Logging Configuration 27-13
C H A P T E R 28 Configuring SNMP 28-1
Understanding SNMP 28-1SNMP Versions 28-2SNMP Manager Functions
28-3SNMP Agent Functions 28-4SNMP Community Strings 28-4Using SNMP
to Access MIB Variables 28-4SNMP Notifications 28-5SNMP ifIndex MIB
Object Values 28-5
Configuring SNMP 28-6Default SNMP Configuration 28-6SNMP
Configuration Guidelines 28-7Disabling the SNMP Agent
28-7Configuring Community Strings 28-8Configuring SNMP Groups and
Users 28-9Configuring SNMP Notifications 28-11Setting the Agent
Contact and Location Information 28-14Limiting TFTP Servers Used
Through SNMP 28-15SNMP Examples 28-16
Displaying SNMP Status 28-17
C H A P T E R 29 Configuring Network Security with ACLs
29-19
Understanding ACLs 29-19Port ACLs 29-20Handling Fragmented and
Unfragmented Traffic 29-21
Configuring IPv4 ACLs 29-22Creating Standard and Extended IPv4
ACLs 29-23
Access List Numbers 29-24Creating a Numbered Standard ACL
29-25Creating a Numbered Extended ACL 29-26Resequencing ACEs in an
ACL 29-30Creating Named Standard and Extended ACLs 29-30Using Time
Ranges with ACLs 29-32Including Comments in ACLs 29-33
xxiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Applying an IPv4 ACL to a Terminal Line 29-34Applying an IPv4
ACL to an Interface 29-34Hardware and Software Treatment of IP ACLs
29-35IPv4 ACL Configuration Examples 29-35
Numbered ACLs 29-36Extended ACLs 29-36Named ACLs 29-36Time Range
Applied to an IP ACL 29-37Commented IP ACL Entries 29-37
Creating Named MAC Extended ACLs 29-37Applying a MAC ACL to a
Layer 2 Interface 29-39
Displaying IPv4 ACL Configuration 29-40
C H A P T E R 30 Configuring Cisco IOS IP SLAs Operations
30-1
Understanding Cisco IOS IP SLAs 30-1Using Cisco IOS IP SLAs to
Measure Network Performance 30-3IP SLAs Responder and IP SLAs
Control Protocol 30-4Response Time Computation for IP SLAs 30-4
Configuring IP SLAs Operations 30-5Default Configuration
30-5Configuration Guidelines 30-5Configuring the IP SLAs Responder
30-6
Monitoring IP SLAs Operations 30-7
C H A P T E R 31 Configuring QoS 31-1
Understanding QoS 31-2Basic QoS Model 31-3Classification
31-5
Classification Based on QoS ACLs 31-6Classification Based on
Class Maps and Policy Maps 31-7
Policing and Marking 31-8Policing on Physical Ports 31-8
Mapping Tables 31-10Queueing and Scheduling Overview 31-11
Weighted Tail Drop 31-11SRR Shaping and Sharing 31-12Queueing
and Scheduling on Ingress Queues 31-13Queueing and Scheduling on
Egress Queues 31-15
Packet Modification 31-17
xxiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Configuring Auto-QoS 31-18Generated Auto-QoS Configuration
31-19Effects of Auto-QoS on the Configuration 31-23Auto-QoS
Configuration Guidelines 31-23Enabling Auto-QoS for VoIP
31-24Auto-QoS Configuration Example 31-26
Displaying Auto-QoS Information 31-28
Configuring Standard QoS 31-28Default Standard QoS Configuration
31-29
Default Ingress Queue Configuration 31-29Default Egress Queue
Configuration 31-30Default Mapping Table Configuration 31-31
Standard QoS Configuration Guidelines 31-31QoS ACL Guidelines
31-31Policing Guidelines 31-31General QoS Guidelines 31-32
Enabling QoS Globally 31-32Configuring Classification Using Port
Trust States 31-33
Configuring the Trust State on Ports within the QoS Domain
31-33Configuring the CoS Value for an Interface 31-35Configuring a
Trusted Boundary to Ensure Port Security 31-35Enabling DSCP
Transparency Mode 31-37Configuring the DSCP Trust State on a Port
Bordering Another QoS Domain 31-37
Configuring a QoS Policy 31-39Classifying Traffic by Using ACLs
31-40Classifying Traffic by Using Class Maps 31-43Classifying,
Policing, and Marking Traffic on Physical Ports by Using Policy
Maps 31-45Classifying, Policing, and Marking Traffic by Using
Aggregate Policers 31-48
Configuring DSCP Maps 31-50Configuring the CoS-to-DSCP Map
31-51Configuring the IP-Precedence-to-DSCP Map 31-52Configuring the
Policed-DSCP Map 31-53Configuring the DSCP-to-CoS Map
31-54Configuring the DSCP-to-DSCP-Mutation Map 31-55
Configuring Ingress Queue Characteristics 31-56Mapping DSCP or
CoS Values to an Ingress Queue and Setting WTD Thresholds
31-57Allocating Buffer Space Between the Ingress Queues
31-58Allocating Bandwidth Between the Ingress Queues
31-59Configuring the Ingress Priority Queue 31-60
Configuring Egress Queue Characteristics 31-61
xxiiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Configuration Guidelines 31-61Allocating Buffer Space to and
Setting WTD Thresholds for an Egress Queue-Set 31-61Mapping DSCP or
CoS Values to an Egress Queue and to a Threshold ID
31-64Configuring SRR Shaped Weights on Egress Queues
31-65Configuring SRR Shared Weights on Egress Queues
31-66Configuring the Egress Expedite Queue 31-67Limiting the
Bandwidth on an Egress Interface 31-67
Displaying Standard QoS Information 31-68
C H A P T E R 32 Configuring IPv6 Host Functions 32-1
Understanding IPv6 32-1IPv6 Addresses 32-2Supported IPv6 Unicast
Routing Features 32-3
128-Bit Wide Unicast Addresses 32-3DNS for IPv6 32-4ICMPv6
32-4Neighbor Discovery 32-4IPv6 Stateless Autoconfiguration and
Duplicate Address Detection 32-4IPv6 Applications 32-9Dual IPv4 and
IPv6 Protocol Stacks 32-10SNMP and Syslog Over IPv6 32-10HTTP(S)
Over IPv6 32-11
SDM Templates 32-12Dual IPv4-and-IPv6 SDM Templates 32-12
Configuring IPv6 32-13Default IPv6 Configuration
32-13Configuring IPv6 ICMP Rate Limiting 32-14Configuring Static
Routes for IPv6 32-14
Displaying IPv6 32-17
C H A P T E R 33 Configuring IPv6 MLD Snooping 33-1
Understanding MLD Snooping 33-1MLD Messages 33-2MLD Queries
33-3Multicast Client Aging Robustness 33-3Multicast Router
Discovery 33-3MLD Reports 33-4MLD Done Messages and Immediate-Leave
33-4Topology Change Notification Processing 33-5
xxivCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Configuring IPv6 MLD Snooping 33-5Default MLD Snooping
Configuration 33-5MLD Snooping Configuration Guidelines
33-6Enabling or Disabling MLD Snooping 33-6Configuring a Static
Multicast Group 33-8Configuring a Multicast Router Port
33-8Enabling MLD Immediate Leave 33-9Configuring MLD Snooping
Queries 33-10Disabling MLD Listener Message Suppression 33-11
Displaying MLD Snooping Information 33-11
C H A P T E R 34 Configuring EtherChannels and Link-State
Tracking 34-1
Understanding EtherChannels 34-1EtherChannel Overview
34-2Port-Channel Interfaces 34-3Port Aggregation Protocol 34-4
PAgP Modes 34-4PAgP Interaction with Other Features 34-5
Link Aggregation Control Protocol 34-5LACP Modes 34-5LACP
Interaction with Other Features 34-6
EtherChannel On Mode 34-6Load Balancing and Forwarding Methods
34-6
Configuring EtherChannels 34-8Default EtherChannel Configuration
34-9EtherChannel Configuration Guidelines 34-9Configuring Layer 2
EtherChannels 34-10Configuring EtherChannel Load Balancing
34-12Configuring the PAgP Learn Method and Priority
34-13Configuring LACP Hot-Standby Ports 34-14
Configuring the LACP System Priority 34-15Configuring the LACP
Port Priority 34-15
Displaying EtherChannel, PAgP, and LACP Status 34-16
Understanding Link-State Tracking 34-17
Configuring Link-State Tracking 34-19Default Link-State Tracking
Configuration 34-20Link-State Tracking Configuration Guidelines
34-20Configuring Link-State Tracking 34-20Displaying Link-State
Tracking Status 34-21
xxvCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
C H A P T E R 35 Troubleshooting 35-1
Recovering from a Software Failure 35-2
Recovering from a Lost or Forgotten Password 35-3Procedure with
Password Recovery Enabled 35-4Procedure with Password Recovery
Disabled 35-6
Recovering from a Command Switch Failure 35-7Replacing a Failed
Command Switch with a Cluster Member 35-8Replacing a Failed Command
Switch with Another Switch 35-9
Recovering from Lost Cluster Member Connectivity 35-11
Preventing Autonegotiation Mismatches 35-11
SFP Module Security and Identification 35-11
Monitoring SFP Module Status 35-12
Using Ping 35-12Understanding Ping 35-12Executing Ping 35-13
Using Layer 2 Traceroute 35-13Understanding Layer 2 Traceroute
35-14Usage Guidelines 35-14Displaying the Physical Path 35-15
Using IP Traceroute 35-15Understanding IP Traceroute
35-15Executing IP Traceroute 35-16
Using TDR 35-17Understanding TDR 35-17Running TDR and Displaying
the Results 35-17
Using Debug Commands 35-18Enabling Debugging on a Specific
Feature 35-18Enabling All-System Diagnostics 35-19Redirecting Debug
and Error Message Output 35-19
Using the show platform forward Command 35-19
Using the crashinfo Files 35-21Basic crashinfo Files
35-21Extended crashinfo Files 35-21
A P P E N D I X A Supported MIBs A-1
MIB List A-1
Using FTP to Access the MIB Files A-3
xxviCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
A P P E N D I X B Working with the Cisco IOS File System,
Configuration Files, and Software Images B-1
Working with the Flash File System B-1Displaying Available File
Systems B-2Setting the Default File System B-2Displaying
Information about Files on a File System B-3Changing Directories
and Displaying the Working Directory B-3Creating and Removing
Directories B-4Copying Files B-4Deleting Files B-5Creating,
Displaying, and Extracting tar Files B-5
Creating a tar File B-6Displaying the Contents of a tar File
B-6Extracting a tar File B-7
Displaying the Contents of a File B-7
Working with Configuration Files B-8Guidelines for Creating and
Using Configuration Files B-9Configuration File Types and Location
n B-9Creating a Configuration File By Using a Text Editor
B-9Copying Configuration Files By Using TFTP B-10
Preparing to Download or Upload a Configuration File B y Using
TFTP B-10Downloading the Configuration File By Using TFTP
B-11Uploading the Configuration File By Using TFTP B-11
Copying Configuration Files By Using FTP B-12Preparing to
Download or Upload a Configuration File By Using FTP
B-12Downloading a Configuration File By Using FTP B-13Uploading a
Configuration File By Using FTP B-14
Copying Configuration Files By Using RCP B-15Preparing to
Download or Upload a Configuration File By Using RCP
B-15Downloading a Configuration File By Using RCP B-16Uploading a
Configuration File By Using RCP B-17
Clearing Configuration Information B-18Clearing the Startup
Configuration File B-18Deleting a Stored Configuration File
B-18
Replacing and Rolling Back Configurations B-18Understanding
Configuration Replacement and Rollback B-19Configuration Guidelines
B-20Configuring the Configuration Archive B-20Performing a
Configuration Replacement or Rollback Operation B-21
Working with Software Images B-22
xxviiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Image Location on the Switch B-23tar File Format of Images on a
Server or Cisco.com B-23Copying Image Files By Using TFTP B-24
Preparing to Download or Upload an Image File By Using TFTP
B-25Downloading an Image File By Using TFTP B-25Uploading an Image
File By Using TFTP B-27
Copying Image Files By Using FTP B-27Preparing to Download or
Upload an Image File By Using FTP B-28Downloading an Image File By
Using FTP B-29Uploading an Image File By Using FTP B-30
Copying Image Files By Using RCP B-31Preparing to Download or
Upload an Image File By Using RCP B-32Downloading an Image File By
Using RCP B-33Uploading an Image File By Using RCP B-35
A P P E N D I X C Recommendations for Upgrading a Catalyst 2950
Switch to a Catalyst 2960 Switch C-1
Configuration Compatibility Issues C-1
Feature Behavior Incompatibilities C-5
A P P E N D I X D Unsupported Commands in Cisco IOS Release
12.2(44)SE D-1
Access Control Lists D-1Unsupported Privileged EXEC Commands
D-1Unsupported Global Configuration Commands D-1Unsupported
Route-Map Configuration Commands D-1
Boot Loader Commands D-2Unsupported Global Configuration
Commands D-2
Debug Commands D-2Unsupported Privileged EXEC Commands D-2
|IGMP Snooping Commands D-2Unsupported Global Configuration
Commands D-2
Interface Commands D-2Unsupported Privileged EXEC Commands
D-2Unsupported Global Configuration Commands D-2Unsupported
Interface Configuration Commands D-2
MAC Address Commands D-3Unsupported Privileged EXEC Commands
D-3Unsupported Global Configuration Commands D-3
Miscellaneous D-3
xxviiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
Unsupported Privileged EXEC Commands D-3Unsupported Global
Configuration Commands D-4
Network Address Translation (NAT) Commands D-4Unsupported
Privileged EXEC Commands D-4
QoS D-4Unsupported Global Configuration Command D-4Unsupported
Interface Configuration Commands D-4Unsupported Policy-Map
Configuration Command D-4
RADIUS D-4Unsupported Global Configuration Commands D-4
SNMP D-5Unsupported Global Configuration Commands D-5
Spanning Tree D-5Unsupported Global Configuration Command
D-5Unsupported Interface Configuration Command D-5
VLAN D-5Unsupported Global Configuration Command D-5Unsupported
vlan-config Command D-5Unsupported User EXEC Commands D-5
VTP D-6Unsupported Privileged EXEC Commands D-6
IN D E X
xxixCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Contents
xxxCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Preface
AudienceThis guide is for the networking professional managing
the Catalyst 2960 switch, hereafter referred to as the switch
module. Before using this guide, you should have experience working
with the Cisco IOS software and be familiar with the concepts and
terminology of Ethernet and local area networking.
PurposeThis guide provides the information that you need to
configure Cisco IOS software features on your switch. The Catalyst
2960 software provides enterprise-class intelligent services such
as access control lists (ACLs) and quality of service (QoS)
features. The Catalyst 2960 switch is supported by either the LAN
Base or the LAN Lite image.
This guide provides procedures for using the commands that have
been created or changed for use with the Catalyst 2960 switch. It
does not provide detailed information about these commands. For
detailed information about these commands, see the 2960 Switch
Command Reference for this release. For information about the
standard Cisco IOS Release 12.2 commands, see the Cisco IOS
documentation set available from the Cisco.com home page at
Documentation > Cisco IOS Software.
This guide does not provide detailed information on the
graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for the embedded device manager or
for Cisco Network Assistant (hereafter referred to as Network
Assistant) that you can use to manage the switch. However, the
concepts in this guide are applicable to the GUI user. For
information about the device manager, see the switch online help.
For information about Network Assistant, see Getting Started with
Cisco Network Assistant, available on Cisco.com.
This guide does not describe system messages you might encounter
or how to install your switch. For more information, see the
Catalyst 2960 Switch System Message Guide for this release and the
Catalyst 2960 Switch Hardware Installation Guide.
For documentation updates, see the release notes for this
release.
xxxiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
PrefaceConventions
ConventionsThis publication uses these conventions to convey
instructions and information:
Command descriptions use these conventions:
Commands and keywords are in boldface text.
Arguments for which you supply values are in italic.
Square brackets ([ ]) mean optional elements.
Braces ({ }) group required choices, and vertical bars ( | )
separate the alternative elements.
Braces and vertical bars within square brackets ([{ | }]) mean a
required choice within an optional element.
Interactive examples use these conventions:
Terminal sessions and system displays are in screen font.
Information you enter is in boldface screen font.
Nonprinting characters, such as passwords or tabs, are in angle
brackets (< >).
Notes, cautions, and timesavers use these conventions and
symbols:
Note Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions
or references to materials not contained in this manual.
Caution Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do
something that could result in equipment damage or loss of
data.
Related PublicationsThese documents provide complete information
about the switch and are available from this Cisco.com site:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6406/tsd_products_support_series_home.html
Note Before installing, configuring, or upgrading the switch,
see these documents:
For initial configuration information, see the Using Express
Setup section in the getting started guide or the Configuring the
Switch with the CLI-Based Setup Program appendix in the hardware
installation guide.
For device manager requirements, see the System Requirements
section in the release notes (not orderable but available on
Cisco.com).
For Network Assistant requirements, see the Getting Started with
Cisco Network Assistant (not orderable but available on
Cisco.com).
xxxiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6406/tsd_products_support_series_home.html
-
PrefaceRelated Publications
For cluster requirements, see the Release Notes for Cisco
Network Assistant (not orderable but available on Cisco.com).
For upgrading information, see the Downloading Software section
in the release notes.
You can order printed copies of documents with a DOC-xxxxxx=
number from the Cisco.com sites and from the telephone numbers
listed in the URL referenced in the Obtaining Documentation,
Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines section on page
xxxiv.
Release Notes for the Catalyst 3750, 3560, 2970, and 2960
Switches (not orderable but available on Cisco.com)
Catalyst 3750, 3560, 3550, 2970, and 2960 Switch System Message
Guide (not orderable but available on Cisco.com)
Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide (not orderable
but available on Cisco.com)
Catalyst 2960 Switch Command Reference (not orderable but
available on Cisco.com)
Device manager online help (available on the switch)
Catalyst 2960 Switch Hardware Installation Guide (not orderable
but available on Cisco.com)
Catalyst 2960 Switch Getting Started Guide (order number
DOC-7816879=)
Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Catalyst
2960 Switch (order number DOC-7816880=)
Getting Started with Cisco Network Assistant (not orderable but
available on Cisco.com)
Release Notes for Cisco Network Assistant (not orderable but
available on Cisco.com)
Cisco Small Form-Factor Pluggable Modules Installation Notes
(order number DOC-7815160=)
Cisco RPS 300 Redundant Power System Hardware Installation Guide
(order number DOC-7810372=)
Cisco RPS 675 Redundant Power System Hardware Installation Guide
(order number DOC-7815201=)
Cisco Redundant Power System 2300 Hardware Installation Guide
(order number DOC-7817647=)
For more information about the Network Admission Control (NAC)
features, see the Network Admission Control Software Configuration
Guide (not orderable but available on Cisco.com)
These compatibility matrix documents are available from this
Cisco.com site:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/modules/ps5455/products_device_support_tables_list.html
Cisco Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver Modules Compatibility Matrix
(not orderable but available on Cisco.com)
Cisco 100-Megabit Ethernet SFP Modules Compatibility Matrix (not
orderable but available on Cisco.com)
Cisco Small Form-Factor Pluggable Modules Compatibility Matrix
(not orderable but available on Cisco.com)
Compatibility Matrix for 1000BASE-T Small Form-Factor Pluggable
Modules (not orderable but available on Cisco.com)
xxxiiiCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/modules/ps5455/products_device_support_tables_list.html
-
PrefaceObtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security
Guidelines
Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security
Guidelines
For information on obtaining documentation, submitting a service
request, and gathering additional information, see the monthly
Whats New in Cisco Product Documentation, which also lists all new
and revised Cisco technical documentation, at:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/general/whatsnew/whatsnew.html
Subscribe to the Whats New in Cisco Product Documentation as a
Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feed and set content to be
delivered directly to your desktop using a reader application. The
RSS feeds are a free service and Cisco currently supports RSS
version 2.0.
xxxivCatalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/general/whatsnew/whatsnew.html
-
OL-8603-05
C H A P T E R 1
Overview
This chapter provides these topics about the Catalyst 2960
switch software:
Features, page 1-1
Default Settings After Initial Switch Configuration, page
1-12
Network Configuration Examples, page 1-14
Where to Go Next, page 1-20
Note In this document, IP refers to IP Version 4 (IPv4).
FeaturesSome features described in this chapter are available
only on the cryptographic (supports encryption) version of the
software. You must obtain authorization to use this feature and to
download the cryptographic version of the software from Cisco.com.
For more information, see the release notes for this release.
The switch has these features:
Ease-of-Deployment and Ease-of-Use Features, page 1-2
Performance Features, page 1-3
Management Options, page 1-4
Manageability Features, page 1-5 (includes a feature requiring
the cryptographic version of the software)
Availability and Redundancy Features, page 1-6
VLAN Features, page 1-7
Security Features, page 1-8 (includes a feature requiring the
cryptographic version of the software)
QoS and CoS Features, page 1-10
Monitoring Features, page 1-11
1-1Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
Ease-of-Deployment and Ease-of-Use FeaturesThe switch ships with
these features to make the deployment and the use easier:
Express Setup for quickly configuring a switch for the first
time with basic IP information, contact information, switch and
Telnet passwords, and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
information through a browser-based program. For more information
about Express Setup, see the getting started guide.
User-defined and Cisco-default Smartports macros for creating
custom switch configurations for simplified deployment across the
network.
An embedded device manager GUI for configuring and monitoring a
single switch through a web browser. For information about
launching the device manager, see the getting started guide. For
more information about the device manager, see the switch online
help.
Cisco Network Assistant (hereafter referred to as Network
Assistant) for
Note The Network Assistant must be downloaded from
cisco.com/go/cna.
Managing communities, which are device groups like clusters,
except that they can contain routers and access points and can be
made more secure.
Simplifying and minimizing switch and switch cluster management
from anywhere in your intranet.
Accomplishing multiple configuration tasks from a single
graphical interface without needing to remember command-line
interface (CLI) commands to accomplish specific tasks.
Interactive guide mode that guides you in configuring complex
features such as VLANs, ACLs, and quality of service (QoS).
Note If the switch is running the LAN Lite image, you can
configure ACLs, but you cannot attach them to interfaces or
VLANs.
Configuration wizards that prompt you to provide only the
minimum required information to configure complex features such as
QoS priorities for traffic, priority levels for data applications,
and security.
Downloading an image to a switch.
Applying actions to multiple ports and multiple switches at the
same time, such as VLAN and QoS settings, inventory and statistic
reports, link- and switch-level monitoring and troubleshooting, and
multiple switch software upgrades.
Viewing a topology of interconnected devices to identify
existing switch clusters and eligible switches that can join a
cluster and to identify link information between switches.
Monitoring real-time status of a switch or multiple switches
from the LEDs on the front-panel images. The system, redundant
power system (RPS), and port LED colors on the images are similar
to those used on the physical LEDs.
Note To use RPS, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
1-2Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
cisco.com/go/cna
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
Switch clustering technology for
Unified configuration, monitoring, authentication, and software
upgrade of multiple, cluster-capable switches, regardless of their
geographic proximity and interconnection media, including Ethernet,
Fast Ethernet, Fast EtherChannel, small form-factor pluggable (SFP)
modules, Gigabit Ethernet, and Gigabit EtherChannel connections.
For a list of cluster-capable switches, see the release notes.
Automatic discovery of candidate switches and creation of
clusters of up to 16 switches that can be managed through a single
IP address.
Extended discovery of cluster candidates that are not directly
connected to the command switch.
Performance FeaturesThe switch ships with these performance
features:
Autosensing of port speed and autonegotiation of duplex mode on
all switch ports for optimizing bandwidth
Automatic-medium-dependent interface crossover (auto-MDIX)
capability on 10/100 and 10/100/1000 Mb/s interfaces and on
10/100/1000 BASE-TX SFP module interfaces that enables the
interface to automatically detect the required cable connection
type (straight-through or crossover) and to configure the
connection appropriately
Support for up to 9000 bytes for frames that are bridged in
hardware, and up to 2000 bytes for frames that are bridged by
software
IEEE 802.3x flow control on all ports (the switch does not send
pause frames)
EtherChannel for enhanced fault tolerance and for providing up
to 8 Gb/s (Gigabit EtherChannel) or 800 Mb/s (Fast EtherChannel)
full-duplex bandwidth among switches, routers, and servers
Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) and Link Aggregation Control
Protocol (LACP) for automatic creation of EtherChannel links
Forwarding of Layer 2 packets at Gigabit line rate
Per-port storm control for preventing broadcast, multicast, and
unicast storms
Port blocking on forwarding unknown Layer 2 unknown unicast,
multicast, and bridged broadcast traffic
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping for IGMP
Versions 1, 2, and 3 for efficiently forwarding multimedia and
multicast traffic
IGMP report suppression for sending only one IGMP report per
multicast router query to the multicast devices (supported only for
IGMPv1 or IGMPv2 queries)
IGMP snooping querier support to configure switch to generate
periodic IGMP general query messages
IPv6 host support for basic IPv6 management
Note To use IPv6, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) snooping to enable efficient
distribution of IP version 6 (IPv6) multicast data to clients and
routers in a switched network
Multicast VLAN registration (MVR) to continuously send multicast
streams in a multicast VLAN while isolating the streams from
subscriber VLANs for bandwidth and security reasons
1-3Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
Note To use MVR, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
IGMP filtering for controlling the set of multicast groups to
which hosts on a switch port can belong
IGMP throttling for configuring the action when the maximum
number of entries is in the IGMP forwarding table
IGMP leave timer for configuring the leave latency for the
network
Switch Database Management (SDM) templates for allocating system
resources to maximize support for user-selected features
Support for Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements (SLAs)
responder that allows the system to anticipate and respond to Cisco
IOS IP SLAs request packets for monitoring network performance. See
the release notes for responder configuration
Configurable small-frame arrival threshold to prevent storm
control when small frames (64 bytes or less) arrive on an interface
at a specified rate (the threshold)
Flex Link Multicast Fast Convergence to reduce the multicast
traffic convergence time after a Flex Link failure
Note To use Flex Link Multicast Fast Convergence, the switch
must be running the LAN Base image.
Management OptionsThese are the options for configuring and
managing the switch:
An embedded device managerThe device manager is a GUI that is
integrated in the software image. You use it to configure and to
monitor a single switch. For information about launching the device
manager, see the getting started guide. For more information about
the device manager, see the switch online help.
Network AssistantNetwork Assistant is a network management
application that can be downloaded from Cisco.com. You use it to
manage a single switch, a cluster of switches, or a community of
devices. For more information about Network Assistant, see Getting
Started with Cisco Network Assistant, available on Cisco.com.
CLIThe Cisco IOS software supports desktop- and
multilayer-switching features. You can access the CLI either by
connecting your management station directly to the switch console
port or by using Telnet from a remote management station. For more
information about the CLI, see Chapter 2, Using the Command-Line
Interface.
SNMPSNMP management applications such as CiscoWorks2000 LAN
Management Suite (LMS) and HP OpenView. You can manage from an
SNMP-compatible management station that is running platforms such
as HP OpenView or SunNet Manager. The switch supports a
comprehensive set of MIB extensions and four remote monitoring
(RMON) groups. For more information about using SNMP, see Chapter
28, Configuring SNMP.
CNSCisco Networking Services is network management software that
acts as a configuration service for automating the deployment and
management of network devices and services. You can automate
initial configurations and configuration updates by generating
switch-specific configuration changes, sending them to the switch,
executing the configuration change, and logging the results.
For more information about CNS, see Chapter 4, Configuring Cisco
IOS CNS Agents.
1-4Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
Manageability FeaturesThese are the manageability features:
CNS embedded agents for automating switch management,
configuration storage, and delivery
DHCP for automating configuration of switch information (such as
IP address, default gateway, hostname, and Domain Name System [DNS]
and TFTP server names)
DHCP relay for forwarding User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
broadcasts, including IP address requests, from DHCP clients
DHCP server for automatic assignment of IP addresses and other
DHCP options to IP hosts
DHCP-based autoconfiguration and image update to download a
specified configuration a new image to a large number of
switches
Directed unicast requests to a DNS server for identifying a
switch through its IP address and its corresponding hostname and to
a TFTP server for administering software upgrades from a TFTP
server
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) for identifying a switch
through its IP address and its corresponding MAC address
Unicast MAC address filtering to drop packets with specific
source or destination MAC addresses
Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Versions 1 and 2 for network
topology discovery and mapping between the switch and other Cisco
devices on the network
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) and LLDP Media Endpoint
Discovery (LLDP-MED) for interoperability with third-party IP
phones
Note To use LLDP-MED, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
LLDP media extensions (LLDP-MED) location TLV that provides
location information from the switch to the endpoint device
Network Time Protocol (NTP) for providing a consistent time
stamp to all switches from an external source
Cisco IOS File System (IFS) for providing a single interface to
all file systems that the switch uses
Support for the SSM PIM protocol to optimize multicast
applications, such as video
Source Specific Multicast (SSM) mapping for multicast
applications provides a mapping of source to group, allowing
listeners to connect to multicast sources dynamically and reduces
dependencies on the application
Support for Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
IPv6 to utilize IPv6 transport, communicate with IPv6 peers, and
advertise IPv6 routes
Support for these IP services, making them VRF aware so that
they can operate on multiple routing instances: HSRP, GLBP, uRPF,
ARP, SNMP, IP SLA, TFTP, FTP, syslog, traceroute, and ping
Configuration logging to log and to view changes to the switch
configuration
Unique device identifier to provide product identification
information through a show inventory user EXEC command display
In-band management access through the device manager over a
Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer browser
session
1-5Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
In-band management access for up to 16 simultaneous Telnet
connections for multiple CLI-based sessions over the network
In-band management access for up to five simultaneous, encrypted
Secure Shell (SSH) connections for multiple CLI-based sessions over
the network (requires the cryptographic version of the
software)
In-band management access through SNMP Versions 1, 2c, and 3 get
and set requests
Out-of-band management access through the switch console port to
a directly attached terminal or to a remote terminal through a
serial connection or a modem
Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) feature to provide a secure and
authenticated method for copying switch configuration or switch
image files (requires the cryptographic version of the
software)
Configuration replacement and rollback to replace the running
configuration on a switch with any saved Cisco IOS configuration
file
The HTTP client in Cisco IOS supports can send requests to both
IPv4 and IPv6 HTTP server, and the HTTP server in Cisco IOS can
service HTTP requests from both IPv4 and IPv6 HTTP clients
Simple Network and Management Protocol (SNMP) can be configured
over IPv6 transport so that an IPv6 host can send SNMP queries and
receive SNMP notifications from a device running IPv6
IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration to manage link, subnet, and
site addressing changes, such as management of host and mobile IP
addresses
Availability and Redundancy FeaturesThese are the availability
and redundancy features:
Enhanced object tracking, which separates the tracking mechanism
from HSRP and creates a separate, standalone tracking process that
can be used by processes other than HSRP
UniDirectional Link Detection (UDLD) and aggressive UDLD for
detecting and disabling unidirectional links on fiber-optic
interfaces caused by incorrect fiber-optic wiring or port
faults
IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) for redundant backbone
connections and loop-free networks. STP has these features:
Up to 128 spanning-tree instances supported
Note Up to 64 spanning-tree instances are supported when the
switch is running the LAN Lite image.
Per-VLAN spanning-tree plus (PVST+) for load balancing across
VLANs
Rapid PVST+ for load balancing across VLANs and providing rapid
convergence of spanning-tree instances
UplinkFast and BackboneFast for fast convergence after a
spanning-tree topology change and for achieving load balancing
between redundant uplinks, including Gigabit uplinks
IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) for grouping
VLANs into a spanning-tree instance and for providing multiple
forwarding paths for data traffic and load balancing and rapid
per-VLAN Spanning-Tree plus (rapid-PVST+) based on the IEEE 802.1w
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) for rapid convergence of the
spanning tree by immediately changing root and designated ports to
the forwarding state
1-6Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
Optional spanning-tree features available in PVST+, rapid-PVST+,
and MSTP mode:
Port Fast for eliminating the forwarding delay by enabling a
port to immediately change from the blocking state to the
forwarding state
BPDU guard for shutting down Port Fast-enabled ports that
receive bridge protocol data units (BPDUs)
BPDU filtering for preventing a Port Fast-enabled port from
sending or receiving BPDUs
Root guard for preventing switches outside the network core from
becoming the spanning-tree root
Loop guard for preventing alternate or root ports from becoming
designated ports because of a failure that leads to a
unidirectional link
Flex Link Layer 2 interfaces to back up one another as an
alternative to STP for basic link redundancy
Note To use Flex Links, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
Link-state tracking to mirror the state of the ports that carry
upstream traffic from connected hosts and servers, and to allow the
failover of the server traffic to an operational link on another
Cisco Ethernet switch.
Note To use Link-state Tracking, the switch must be running the
LAN Base image.
RPS support through the Cisco RPS 300 and Cisco RPS 675 for
enhancing power reliability
VLAN FeaturesThese are the VLAN features:
Support for up to 255 VLANs for assigning users to VLANs
associated with appropriate network resources, traffic patterns,
and bandwidth
Note Up to 64 VLANs are supported when the switch is running the
LAN Lite image.
Support for VLAN IDs in the 1 to 4094 range as allowed by the
IEEE 802.1Q standard
VLAN Query Protocol (VQP) for dynamic VLAN membership
IEEE 802.1Q trunking encapsulation on all ports for network
moves, adds, and changes; management and control of broadcast and
multicast traffic; and network security by establishing VLAN groups
for high-security users and network resources
Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) for negotiating trunking on a
link between two devices and for negotiating the type of trunking
encapsulation (IEEE 802.1Q) to be used
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) and VTP pruning for reducing
network traffic by restricting flooded traffic to links destined
for stations receiving the traffic
Voice VLAN for creating subnets for voice traffic from Cisco IP
Phones
1-7Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
VLAN 1 minimization for reducing the risk of spanning-tree loops
or storms by allowing VLAN 1 to be disabled on any individual VLAN
trunk link. With this feature enabled, no user traffic is sent or
received on the trunk. The switch CPU continues to send and receive
control protocol frames.
VLAN Flex Link Load Balancing to provide Layer 2 redundancy
without requiring Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). A pair of
interfaces configured as primary and backup links can load balance
traffic based on VLAN.
Note To use VLAN Flex Link Load Balancing, the switch must be
running the LAN Base image.
Security FeaturesThe switch ships with these security
features:
IP Service Level Agreements (IP SLAs) responder support that
allows the switch to be a target device for IP SLAs active traffic
monitoring
Note To use IP SLAs, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
Web authentication to allow a supplicant (client) that does not
support IEEE 802.1x functionality to be authenticated using a web
browser
Note To use Web Authentication, the switch must be running the
LAN Base image.
Password-protected access (read-only and read-write access) to
management interfaces (device manager, Network Assistant, and the
CLI) for protection against unauthorized configuration changes
Multilevel security for a choice of security level,
notification, and resulting actions
Static MAC addressing for ensuring security
Protected port option for restricting the forwarding of traffic
to designated ports on the same switch
Port security option for limiting and identifying MAC addresses
of the stations allowed to access the port
VLAN aware port security option to shut down the VLAN on the
port when a violation occurs, instead of shutting down the entire
port.
Port security aging to set the aging time for secure addresses
on a port
BPDU guard for shutting down a Port Fast-configured port when an
invalid configuration occurs
Standard and extended IP access control lists (ACLs) for
defining inbound security policies on Layer 2 interfaces (port
ACLs)
Extended MAC access control lists for defining security policies
in the inbound direction on Layer 2 interfaces
Source and destination MAC-based ACLs for filtering non-IP
traffic
DHCP snooping to filter untrusted DHCP messages between
untrusted hosts and DHCP servers
1-8Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
IEEE 802.1x port-based authentication to prevent unauthorized
devices (clients) from gaining access to the network. These
features are supported:
Dynamic voice virtual LAN (VLAN) for MDA to allow a dynamic
voice VLAN on an MDA-enabled port
VLAN assignment for restricting IEEE 802.1x-authenticated users
to a specified VLAN
Port security for controlling access to IEEE 802.1x ports
Voice VLAN to permit a Cisco IP Phone to access the voice VLAN
regardless of the authorized or unauthorized state of the port
IP phone detection enhancement to detect and recognize a Cisco
IP phone.
Guest VLAN to provide limited services to non-IEEE
802.1x-compliant users
Restricted VLAN to provide limited services to users who are
IEEE 802.1x compliant, but do not have the credentials to
authenticate via the standard IEEE 802.1x processes
Note To use authentication with restricted VLANs, the switch
must be running the LAN Base image.
IEEE 802.1x accounting to track network usage
IEEE 802.1x with wake-on-LAN to allow dormant PCs to be powered
on based on the receipt of a specific Ethernet frame
Note To use authentication with wake-on-LAN, the switch must be
running the LAN Base image.
IEEE 802.1x readiness check to determine the readiness of
connected end hosts before configuring IEEE 802.1x on the
switch
Note To use IEEE 802.1x readiness check, the switch must be
running the LAN Base image.
MAC authentication bypass to authorize clients based on the
client MAC address.
Note To use MAC authentication bypass, the switch must be
running the LAN Base image.
Network Admission Control (NAC) Layer 2 IEEE 802.1x validation
of the antivirus condition or posture of endpoint systems or
clients before granting the devices network access.
For information about configuring NAC Layer 2 IEEE 802.1x
validation, see the Configuring NAC Layer 2 IEEE 802.1x Validation
section on page 9-40.
Note To use NAC, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
TACACS+, a proprietary feature for managing network security
through a TACACS server
RADIUS for verifying the identity of, granting access to, and
tracking the actions of remote users through authentication,
authorization, and accounting (AAA) services
1-9Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) Version 3.0 support for the HTTP 1.1
server authentication, encryption, and message integrity and HTTP
client authentication to allow secure HTTP communications (requires
the cryptographic version of the software)
Voice aware IEEE 802.1x security to apply traffic violation
actions only on the VLAN on which a security violation occurs
QoS and CoS FeaturesThese are the QoS and CoS features:
Automatic QoS (auto-QoS) to simplify the deployment of existing
QoS features by classifying traffic and configuring egress
queues
Note To use auto-QoS, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
Classification
IP type-of-service/Differentiated Services Code Point (IP
ToS/DSCP) and IEEE 802.1p CoS marking priorities on a per-port
basis for protecting the performance of mission-critical
applications
Note To use DSCP, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
IP ToS/DSCP and IEEE 802.1p CoS marking based on flow-based
packet classification (classification based on information in the
MAC, IP, and TCP/UDP headers) for high-performance quality of
service at the network edge, allowing for differentiated service
levels for different types of network traffic and for prioritizing
mission-critical traffic in the network
Note To use flow-based packet classification, the switch must be
running the LAN Base image.
Trusted port states (CoS, DSCP, and IP precedence) within a QoS
domain and with a port bordering another QoS domain
Trusted boundary for detecting the presence of a Cisco IP Phone,
trusting the CoS value received, and ensuring port security
Policing
Note To use policy maps, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
Traffic-policing policies on the switch port for managing how
much of the port bandwidth should be allocated to a specific
traffic flow
In Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)SED and later, if you configure
multiple class maps for a hierarchical policy map, each class map
can be associated with its own port-level (second-level) policy
map. Each second-level policy map can have a different policer.
Aggregate policing for policing traffic flows in aggregate to
restrict specific applications or traffic flows to metered,
predefined rates
1-10Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewFeatures
Out-of-Profile
Out-of-profile markdown for packets that exceed bandwidth
utilization limits
Ingress queueing and scheduling
Two configurable ingress queues for user traffic (one queue can
be the priority queue)
Weighted tail drop (WTD) as the congestion-avoidance mechanism
for managing the queue lengths and providing drop precedences for
different traffic classifications
Note To use WTD, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
Shaped round robin (SRR) as the scheduling service for
specifying the rate at which packets are sent to the internal ring
(sharing is the only supported mode on ingress queues)
Note To use ingress queueing, the switch must be running the LAN
Base image.
Egress queues and scheduling
Four egress queues per port
WTD as the congestion-avoidance mechanism for managing the queue
lengths and providing drop precedences for different traffic
classifications
SRR as the scheduling service for specifying the rate at which
packets are dequeued to the egress interface (shaping or sharing is
supported on egress queues). Shaped egress queues are guaranteed
but limited to using a share of port bandwidth. Shared egress
queues are also guaranteed a configured share of bandwidth, but can
use more than the guarantee if other queues become empty and do not
use their share of the bandwidth.
Note To use egress queueing, the switch must be running the LAN
Base image.
Monitoring FeaturesThese are the monitoring features:
Switch LEDs that provide port- and switch-level status
MAC address notification traps and RADIUS accounting for
tracking users on a network by storing the MAC addresses that the
switch has learned or removed
Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) and Remote SPAN (RSPAN) for
traffic monitoring on any port or VLAN
SPAN and RSPAN support of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to
monitor, repel, and report network security violations
Four groups (history, statistics, alarms, and events) of
embedded RMON agents for network monitoring and traffic
analysis
Syslog facility for logging system messages about authentication
or authorization errors, resource issues, and time-out events
Layer 2 traceroute to identify the physical path that a packet
takes from a source device to a destination device
1-11Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewDefault Settings After Initial Switch
Configuration
Time Domain Reflector (TDR) to diagnose and resolve cabling
problems on 10/100 and 10/100/1000 copper Ethernet ports
SFP module diagnostic management interface to monitor physical
or operational status of an SFP module
Default Settings After Initial Switch ConfigurationThe switch is
designed for plug-and-play operation, requiring only that you
assign basic IP information to the switch and connect it to the
other devices in your network. If you have specific network needs,
you can change the interface-specific and system-wide settings.
Note For information about assigning an IP address by using the
browser-based Express Setup program, see the getting started guide.
For information about assigning an IP address by using the
CLI-based setup program, see the hardware installation guide.
If you do not configure the switch at all, the switch operates
with these default settings:
Default switch IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway is
0.0.0.0. For more information, see Chapter 3, Assigning the Switch
IP Address and Default Gateway, and Chapter 19, Configuring DHCP
Features.
Default domain name is not configured. For more information, see
Chapter 3, Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default Gateway.
DHCP client is enabled, the DHCP server is enabled (only if the
device acting as a DHCP server is configured and is enabled), and
the DHCP relay agent is enabled (only if the device is acting as a
DHCP relay agent is configured and is enabled). For more
information, see Chapter 3, Assigning the Switch IP Address and
Default Gateway, and Chapter 19, Configuring DHCP Features.
Switch cluster is disabled. For more information about switch
clusters, see Chapter 5, Clustering Switches, and the Getting
Started with Cisco Network Assistant, available on Cisco.com.
No passwords are defined. For more information, see Chapter 6,
Administering the Switch.
System name and prompt is Switch. For more information, see
Chapter 6, Administering the Switch.
NTP is enabled. For more information, see Chapter 6,
Administering the Switch.
DNS is enabled. For more information, see Chapter 6,
Administering the Switch.
TACACS+ is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 8,
Configuring Switch-Based Authentication.
RADIUS is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 8,
Configuring Switch-Based Authentication.
The standard HTTP server and Secure Socket Layer (SSL) HTTPS
server are both enabled. For more information, see Chapter 8,
Configuring Switch-Based Authentication.
IEEE 802.1x is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 9,
Configuring IEEE 802.1x Port-Based Authentication.
1-12Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewDefault Settings After Initial Switch
Configuration
Port parameters
Interface speed and duplex mode is autonegotiate. For more
information, see Chapter 10, Configuring Interface
Characteristics.
Auto-MDIX is enabled. For more information, see Chapter 10,
Configuring Interface Characteristics.
Flow control is off. For more information, see Chapter 10,
Configuring Interface Characteristics.
No Smartports macros are defined. For more information, see
Chapter 11, Configuring Smartports Macros.
VLANs
Default VLAN is VLAN 1. For more information, see Chapter 12,
Configuring VLANs.
VLAN trunking setting is dynamic auto (DTP). For more
information, see Chapter 12, Configuring VLANs.
Trunk encapsulation is negotiate. For more information, see
Chapter 12, Configuring VLANs.
VTP mode is server. For more information, see Chapter 13,
Configuring VTP.
VTP version is Version 1. For more information, see Chapter 13,
Configuring VTP.
Voice VLAN is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 14,
Configuring Voice VLAN.
STP, PVST+ is enabled on VLAN 1. For more information, see
Chapter 15, Configuring STP.
MSTP is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 16,
Configuring MSTP.
Optional spanning-tree features are disabled. For more
information, see Chapter 17, Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree
Features.
Flex Links are not configured. For more information, see Chapter
18, Configuring Flex Links and the MAC Address-Table Move Update
Feature.
Note To use Flex Links, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
DHCP snooping is disabled. The DHCP snooping information option
is enabled. For more information, see Chapter 19, Configuring DHCP
Features.
IGMP snooping is enabled. No IGMP filters are applied. For more
information, see Chapter 20, Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR.
IGMP throttling setting is deny. For more information, see
Chapter 20, Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR.
The IGMP snooping querier feature is disabled. For more
information, see Chapter 20, Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR.
MVR is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 20,
Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR.
Note To use MVR, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
1-13Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide
OL-8603-05
-
Chapter 1 OverviewNetwork Configuration Examples
Port-based traffic
Broadcast, multicast, and unicast storm control is disabled. For
more information, see Chapter 21, Configuring Port-Based Traffic
Control.
No protected ports are defined. For more information, see
Chapter 21, Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control.
Unicast and multicast traffic flooding is not blocked. For more
information, see Chapter 21, Configuring Port-Based Traffic
Control.
No secure ports are configured. For more information, see
Chapter 21, Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control.
CDP is enabled. For more information, see Chapter 22,
Configuring CDP.
UDLD is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 24,
Configuring UDLD.
SPAN and RSPAN are disabled. For more information, see Chapter
25, Configuring SPAN and RSPAN.
Note To use RSPAN, the switch must be running the LAN Base
image.
RMON is disabled. For more information, see Chapter 26,
Configuring RMON.
Syslog messages are enabled and appear on the console. For more
information, see Chapter 27, Configuring System Message
Logging.
SNMP is enabled (Version 1). For more information, see Chapter
28, Configuring SNMP.
No ACLs are configured. For more information, see Chapte