Blast Furnace Charge : Iron ore, coke and limestone are put into the top, and preheated air is blown into the bottom. . 3 O 2 ften contains sand with iron oxide, Fe o - Iron ore, haematite Limestone (calcium carbonate). Coke - mainly carbon Products : liquid iron called "hot metal" pig iron Fe with 4% C, 0.4% Si, 0.3% Mn, 0.025% S, and up to 1.5% P Too impure to be of commercial use ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻧﺔ :fireproof bricks
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Blast Furnace
Charge : Iron ore, coke and limestone are put into the top, and preheated air is blown into the bottom.
.3O2ften contains sand with iron oxide, Feo -Iron ore, haematite
Limestone (calcium carbonate).
Coke - mainly carbon
Products : liquid iron called "hot metal" pig iron
Fe with 4% C, 0.4% Si, 0.3% Mn, 0.025% S, and up to 1.5% P
Too impure to be of commercial use
fireproof bricksالبطانة :
Method :
The carbon monoxide reduces the iron in the ore to give molten iron:
2(g)+ 3CO (l)2Fe 3(s)O2+ Fe (g)3CO
The limestone from 2, reacts with the sand to form slag (calcium silicate):
3(l)CaSiO (s)+ SiO (s)CaO
Hot air drives the reaction
Bessemer Convertor
Charge : Melted high carbon iron (pig iron)
+ bottom injected air
Products : Liquid steel product
Method : Fast reaction:
} } → [Fe] + {CO2 C] + {O-[Fe
Minor reaction
} → (FeO)2 [Fe] + {O
lining (acidic) 2SiOالبطانة :
Basic-Oxygen Furnace
Charge : Melted pig iron and scrap are poured (charged) into a vessel.
Fluxing agents are added, like limestone.
Product : Higher steel quality than open hearth. Used to make plate, sheet, I-beam, tubing and channel.
Method : The molten metal is blasted with pure oxygen. This produces iron oxide which then reacts with carbon to produce CO and CO2. The slag floats to the top of the metal.
refractory bricksالبطانة :
Open-Hearth Furnace
Charge : Pig Iron and scrap supplied by oil or gas
Products: molten metal and slag
Method: uses fuel to generate heat, and melt metal.
Electric Furnace
Charge : Graded steel scrap
Products : Can produce 60-90 tons of steel per day