CASES ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN PALAWAN PROVINCIAL JAIL AND PUERTO PRINCESA CITY JAIL SILVER JOHN S. SOBEBE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY COMMITTEEOF THE COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY WESTERN PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY PUERTO PRINCESA CAMPUS IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS IN SOCIOLOGY 1
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CASES ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN PALAWAN PROVINCIAL JAIL AND PUERTO PRINCESA CITY JAIL
SILVER JOHN S. SOBEBE
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY COMMITTEEOF THE COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND
TECHNOLOGY WESTERN PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITYPUERTO PRINCESA CAMPUS IN PARTIALFULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF ARTS IN SOCIOLOGY
APRIL 2010
1
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The researcher wishes to express his profound gratitude and sincere appreciation
to the following individuals who willingly participated for the achievement of this study.
To his adviser, Dr. Franklin Joseph Solita, for his assistance, encouragement and
aspiring suggestions;
To the members of the panel, Prof. Violeta T. Bargoyo, Ms. Juliet V. Vergara
and, Prof. Jimmy M. Donton, Advisory Committee for their comments and suggestions
for the refinement of the study;
To Prof. Arlene L. Avillanosa, Dean, College of Arts, Sciences and Technology
for her sincere approval;
To his Statistician, Prof. Bonifacio V. Ayco, for his kindness, valuable
suggestions and analysis of the statistical data;
To his English critique, Ms. Katherine L. Halili;
Mr. Diolin V. Hombre,for allowing the researcher to use his computer.
Ms. Abegael B. Bantan, for her comments and suggestions.
To Col. Ramon C. Espina, Warden, Palawan Provincial Jail, for allowing the
researcher to conduct the study in the said jail.
To Supt. Ronaldo M. Senoc, Warden, Puerto Princesa Jail, for allowing the
researcher to conduct the study in the said jail
To his beloved friends, Lhandz, Myra, Ping, Kath, Liza, Jane, Mitch, T’emz,
T’elena, Geraldine, Yamz, and Jesel boy for their encouragement and help to attain the
success of this study.
2
To his Social work friends, Reji Pancho, Joy eleca, Nikkie Dagot, Shiela Denaga,
Mamie and Sai for their supports and companionship.
To his boardmates, Angela, Anne, Aiza, Alvin, Dagz, Jr, Chie, Joey, Jason, Beloi,
T’emz, T’joanee, Erick, Ian and Patrick for their supports and untiring happy smile.
To his best friend, Rojaipha Custudio.
To his close friends, Maya Elvie, Ley, Romar, Dodong, Tin2, Mariel, Tita Jaja,
Bunzo Especially Jerick and Dave.
To his loving sisters and brother, Verlia, Velia, Chemphy, Mcgyver and Princess.
To his supportive and loving parents, Mr. Silverio L. Sobebe and Mrs. Lilia S.
Sobebe for their patience, financial and moral support to the researcher.
Finally, to God Almighty for his supervision and for giving him wisdom and
knowledge needed for the accomplishment of this study.
SJ. S. S
3
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Silver John S. Sobebe
NICKNAME : Totz
BIRTHDAY : April 01, 1990
BIRTHPLACE : Alfonso XIII Quezon Palawan
CIVIL STATUS : Single
RELIGION : Roman Catholic
PARENTS
FATHER : Silverio L. Sobebe
MOTHER : Lilia S. Sarusad
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Level School Year Graduated
ELEMENTARY : Quezon Central School 2003
Pob. Quezon Palawan
SECONDARY : Quezon National High School 2006
Pob. Quezon Palawan
TERTIARY : Western Philippines University 2010
Puerto Princesa Campus
Puerto Princesa City
COURSE : Bachelor of Arts in Sociology
4
ABSTRACT
Sobebe, Silver John S., College of Arts Sciences and Technology, Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa Campus, Puerto Princesa City, March 2010. “CASES ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN PALAWAN PROVINCIAL JAIL AND PUERTO PRINCESA CITY JAIL.”70 pages.
Adviser: Franklin Joseph D. Solita Ed. D
The study entitled “Cases on Juvenile Delinquency in Palawan provincial Jail and
Puerto Princesa City Jail” was conducted from January 26-28, 2010. The study was
carried out (1) to determine the demographic and socio-economic profile of the
respondents; (2) to identify the cases filed to the respondents ; (3) to analyze the levels of
motivation of the respondents in terms of the factors that motivate them to commit an
offense (4) to find out if there is a significant relationship between the respondents’
demographic and socio-economic profile and the factors cited; (5) to find out if there is a
significant difference between the factors cited among the respondents in Palawan
Provincial Jail and Puerto Princesa City Jail.
The descriptive method was used to gather information pertaining to the cases on
juvenile delinquency; the total enumeration was used in the selection of the respondents
within the two selected area of the study namely the Provincial Jail and City Jail. Pearson
product moment correlation was used in analyzing the relationship between the
respondents’ demographic and socio-economic profile and the factors level of
motivation.
The total enumeration was used the 12 respondents are from Palawan Provincial
Jail and 3 respondents from Puerto Princesa City Jail with a total of 15 respondents.
5
In the data gathered by the researcher in Provincial Jail, Results revealed
that majority six (50.0%) of the respondents belonged to the age bracket of 23-26
and to be followed by six (50%) of the respondents were on ages of 19-23.
While on the data gathered on the City jail showed that three of the re-
spondents are now in the age of 25-20 it can be observed that the respondents are
now on their legal age.
In terms of early commission of crimes, respondents coming from both
Provincial Jail and City Jail were minors.
In terms of Cases on Juvenile Delinquency the twelve respondents has an
equal response, six of them have been accused on murder and six were charged on
rape however the three respondents from City jail have been charged on murder,
robbery and theft.
Further results revealed that the null hypothesis have no significant
difference between the level of motivation among City Jail and Provincial Jail
inmates.
There is no significant relationship between the respondents’ demographic
and socio-economic profile in the factors cited such Individual factors, Family
factors, School factors, Peer related factors and Community factors.
6
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE iAPPROVAL SHEET iiACKNOWLEDGMENT iiiBIOGRAPHICAL DATA vABSTRACT viTABLE OF CONTENTS viiiLIST OF TABLES xLIST OF FIGURES xi LIST OF APPENDICES xii
CHAPTER PAGE
I INTRODUCTIONBackground of the Study 1Conceptual Framework 3 Research Paradigm 5Statement of the Problem 6Hypothesis 7Significance of the Study 8Scope and Limitation 10
ProblemLocale of the studyTime frame
Definition of Terms 12
II REVIEW OF LITERATURERelated Literature and Studies 13
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONDemographic and Socio-economic profile of 30
the respondents in PPCJCases filed to the respondents 33Demographic and Socio-economic profile of 38
7
The respondents in PPJLevel of perception of the respondents 34Difference between PPCJ and PPJ 48Correlation of data in terms of demographic and Socio-economic- 50Profile of the respondents with regards to the factors cited
V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary 53Conclusions 55Recommendations 56
BIBLIOGRAPHY 57
APPENDICESLetter of Request for the Warden 60Letter of Request for the Respondents 61Survey Questionnaire 62
DOCUMENTATION 63
8
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1. Demographic and Socio-economic profile of 30
the respondents in PPJ
2. Demographic and Socio-economic profile of 40
the respondents in PPCJ
3. Level of perception on the factors that motivate the youth to 34
commit an offense in PPJ
4 . Level of perception on the factors that motivate the youth to 43
commit an offense in PPCJ
5. Difference between PPCJ and PPJ paired samplescorrelation 48
6. Correlation among the Demographic and Socio-economic 49
profile in regards with the factors cited
9
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1. The Research Paradigm of the study 5
2. Location Map showing the area of the study 11
10
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
a. Letter of Request for the Warden 59
b. Letter of Request for the Respondents 60
c. Letter for the Respondents 61
d. Survey Questionnaire 62
e. Documentation 68
11
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
This paper examines the delinquent’s acts among the adolescents.
The acts are associated with the anti social activities, including the deviance
behavior in the society; it does not conform to the set of rules and norms. Youth
are likely to adopt such behavior when they are exposed during childhood; some
of delinquents are from delinquent peers, parental criminality, exposed to criminal
activities, hyper activities and beliefs to the attitudes favorable to deviant
activities. The juvenile delinquency is an abundant area for the construction of
sociological theory. Delinquency is defined as the action; course or conduct that
deviates from the acts approved by the majority of people. It is a description of
those acts that do not conform to the accepted rules, norms, and mores of the
society. Delinquency, therefore, is a general term for any misconduct or
misbehavior that is tantamount to felony or offense. It is, however distinct from
crime in the sense that the former may be in the form of violation of law,
ordinance or rule but it is punishable only by a small fine or short term
imprisonment or both. Legally speaking delinquency means the failure to perform
an act required by law, or the non existing law or rule (Mendoza, 2002).
The problems of juvenile delinquents are much related to social problems.
To survive in life you almost have to become delinquent. Exposed to criminal
12
elements these children are vulnerable to prostitution, drug addiction pushing and
most street children have become juvenile delinquents either out of necessity
because they are poor or through the force called modos operande.
Puerto Princesa City has now a large number of youth that is not
productive in our community. Some of them are engaged in many anti social
activities; an anti social activity that is not conform by the prevailing norms, as
the sociology student I had a lot of bad experienced with this so called juvenile
offenders and yet I felt bad about the situation that they were, some of the youth
are member of gangs, this groups might have a great influence pertaining to youth
behavior, this gangs exist in the selected barangays of Puerto Princesa, it is much
likely can be explained as the deviance act, it is not an aggressive offenses but
sometimes it will trigger them to level up and became like an adult criminal.
A large problem arose from the treatment accorded to the juveniles when
they were placed in jails. Most juvenile delinquents were not segregated from the
hardened adult criminals in the biggest jails in the Philippines, such as in the
Muntinlupa jail outside Manila, so that after their release they went back in the
street with more knowledge of crime. This severely hampered the social
integration of the youth offenders after they left prison. Chances were high that
these young offenders would become chronic delinquents and eventually
hardened criminals (Manwong, wt al, 2002)
Three major sociological traditions have the best way to explain to this
matter including the structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and
conflict theory. This 3 major theory in the field of sociology contribute its
13
explanation of delinquency. Much of the work in this area seeks to explain why
officially recorded delinquency is intense in the lower class, or in what is today
more often called the underclass. Given the fact that most of the offenders are
coming from the lower class or poor, it is because they are not well informed in
many ways (Conrad, et al, 2002).
Current research into this difficult and pressing issue reflects a vast range
of theories about, and predictors of delinquency as well as a multitude of
strategies to control and reduce overall delinquency. The consensus among
practitioners and researchers however maintains that juvenile delinquency is a
dynamic, multifaceted problem with numerous potentially causal factors.
Subsequently, investigators and professionals suggest that treatment procedures
must focus on not only the immediate issue of the offender’s deviant behavior but
on every element within the context of that behavior as well, including for
example, family relations and social support services/networks. Conventional
practice has long associated early preventive measures with positive delinquency
reduction results. In particular, timely recognition of at-risk youth and correction
of ineffective or minimally effective parenting techniques are critical to the
prevention of future delinquency (Lundman, 1993).
Numerous risk factors have been identified as indicators or predictors of
juvenile delinquency and those factors represent dysfunction at several levels,
specifically within the structure of the offender’s family. Some of these factors
include conflict within the family, a lack of adequate supervision and/or rules, a
distinct lack of parent-child attachment, instability, poor home life quality,
14
parental expectations, out-of-home placements and inconsistent discipline. Social
service professionals who frequently come into contact with children must be
especially vigilant in order to detect the presence of any of the possibly
contributory conditions mentioned above and to refer families to appropriate
sources of assistance as early as possible. Generally speaking, the relationship
between family conflict and delinquency is significant (Shumaker, 2000).
Conceptual Framework
The primary objective of this study is to determine the case filed to the
juvenile delinquents in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan.
Literature acquaints that socio-economic characteristics such as present
age and age during commission of crimes, gender, civil status, educational
attainment, ethnic affiliation, parent’s income and monthly income of adolescents
who engaged in crime may show a discrepancy.
The conceptual framework shows independent variables which include the
socio-economic profile of the delinquents. On the other hand intervening
variables which include the factors that motivate the youth to commit crimes.
The dependent variables are the level of significance.
The table presents the respondents response on Family factors. This factor
consists of following statements such as Parental criminality, Poor family man-
agement and Parent and child separation. The results revealed that respondents
were strongly disagree on the questions on parental criminality with a rating scale
of 1.25 while the given statement on poor family management got a high rating
scale of 3.83 it described the results to agree. In terms of parent and child separa-
tion respondents were confused results were described as undecided.
The weighted mean score of 2.52 revealed that on the given statement un-
der family factors results turned to disagree. It implies that a family factor has
nothing to do with the early commission of crimes by the respondents.
Table 1a.2 Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms of School factors.
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating DescriptionInterpretation SCHOOL FACTORS 5 4 3 2 1
Academic failure 3 2 1 6 2.41 disagree
Low bonding to school 2 3 1 6 2.25 disagree
School dropout 3 2 2 5 2.5 undecided
Weighted mean: 2.38Description : Disagree
The table presents the respondents response in terms of school factors.
Based on the weighted mean score of 2.38 describe as disagree. It implies that re-
50
spondents disagree in the given statement on School factors. The first statement
on academic failure got a mean score of 2.41 results describe as disagree while on
the second statement or low bonding to school got a mean score of 2.25 it is still
describe as disagree, however the third statement on school dropout respondents
were confused results was interpreted as disagree with a mean score of 2.5.
Table 1a.3 Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms of Peer related factors.
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating DescriptionInterpretation PEER RELATED
FACTORS 5 4 3 2 1
Delinquent siblings 2 3 7 2.16 disagree
Delinquent peers 1 3 2 6 2.41 disagree
Gang membership 4 1 2 1 4 3.0 agree
Weighted mean: 2.52Description : Undecided
This table presents the level of perception on peer related factors. This fac-
tor consists of following statements such as delinquent siblings, delinquent peers,
and gang membership. Respondents response was illustrated as disagree on the
given statement on delinquent siblings with a mean score of 2.16 while results on
delinquent peers got a mean score of 2.41 which is lower than the first statement
results still disagree. The last statement on peer related factors got a mean score of
3.0 results illustrated as agree. It implies that respondents was involved on gang
membership that is somehow affects their personality and behavior. The
weighted mean of 2.52 indicates that among the given statement results were in-
terpreted as undecided.
Table 1a.4 Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms of community factors
51
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating DescriptionInterpretation COMMUNITY
FACTORS 5 4 3 2 1
Poverty 2 3 7 2.16 Disagree
Exposure to violence 1 3 2 6 2.41 Undecided
Availability of porno DVD’s
4 1 2 1 4 3.0 Undecided
Weighted mean: 2.5Description : Undecided
This table presents the community factors, respondent’s response were il-
lustrated as disagree on the first statement with a mean score of 2.16 while the
second statement as to exposure to violence got a mean score of 2.41 results were
undecided. However on the last statement on Availability of porno DVD’s results
described as undecided with a mean score of 3.0.
The weighted mean of 2.5 revealed that on the statements given the re-
spondents views were still undecided. It implies that this factor has nothing to do
with the early commission of youth in crimes.
Table 1b. Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms of the factors that motivate them to commit an offense in Puerto Princesa City Jail
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating Description
52
Interpretation INDIVIDUAL FACTORS
5 4 3 2 1
Hyper activity 1 2 3.0 undecided
aggressiveness 2 1 4.0 agree
Beliefs favorable to deviant activities
2 1 4.0 agree
Weighted mean: 3.66Description : agree
The table presents the respondents level of perception on the factors that
motivate them to commit an offense. Individual factors are associated with the
following statement such as hyper activity, aggressiveness and beliefs favorable
to deviant activities. Respondents response describe as undecided on the given
statement on hyper activity with a mean rating of 3.0 while results on aggressive-
ness got a mean rating of 4.0 which is higher than the first statement results de-
scribed as agree. The last statement under individual factors (beliefs favorable to
deviant activities) got a mean rating of 4.0 results interpreted as agree.
The weighted mean of 3.66 indicates that among the given statement re-
sults were interpreted as agree.
Table 1b.1 Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms of Family factors.
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating DescriptionInterpretation FAMILY FACTORS 5 4 3 2 1
Parental criminality 2 1 1.66 disagree
Poor family management
1 1 1 5.0 Strongly agree
53
Parent and child separation
1 1 1 5.0 Strongly agree
Weighted mean: 3.88Description :agree
The table presents the respondents response on Family factors. The results
revealed that the respondents were strongly disagree in the given questions on
parental criminality with a mean rating of 1.66, poor family management got 5.0
results described as strongly agree while on parent and child separation respon-
dents strongly agree with a mean rating of 5.0.
The weighted mean score of 3.88 indicate that respondents were agreed
in all the statements given.
Table 1b.2 Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms of School factors.
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating DescriptionInterpretation SCHOOL FACTORS 5 4 3 2 1
Academic failure 2 1 4.66 Strongly agree
Low bonding to school 2 1 4.66 Strongly agree
School dropout 3 5.0 Strongly agree
Weighted mean: 4.77Description : strongly agree
The table presents the respondents response on School factors. On the
given statement on academic failure respondents were strongly agree with a mean
rating of 4.66, low bonding to school got 4.66 described as strongly agree while
School dropout got a mean score of 5.0 results described as strongly agree.
The weighted mean of 4.77 revealed that on the statements given it turned
out to be described as strongly agree.
Table 1b.3 Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms of Peer related factors.
54
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating DescriptionInterpretation PEER RELATED
FACTORS 5 4 3 2 1
Delinquent siblings 1 1 1 3.0 Undecided
Delinquent peers 1 1 1 3.0 undecided
Gang membership 3 5.0 Strongly agree
Weighted mean: 3.66Description : agree
The table shows the respondents response on peer related factors. Delin-
quent siblings got a rating scale of 3.0 described as undecided, delinquent peers
got 3.0 described as undecided while respondents strongly agree on the statements
on gang’s membership with rating scale of 5.0.
The weighted mean of 3.66 revealed that on the statements given it turned
out the results to be interpreted as agree.
Table 1b.4 Presents the level of perception of the respondents in terms Com-munity factors.
STATEMENT Level of perception Mean Rating DescriptionInterpretation COMMUNITY
FACTORS 5 4 3 2 1
Poverty 1 1 1 2.0 Disagree
Exposure to violence 1 2 1.33 Strongly disagree
Availability of porno dvd’s
3 5.0 Strongly agree
55
Weighted mean: 2.77Description : agree
The table presents the respondents response on community factors. Re-
spondent’s point of view were interpreted as disagree on the first statement with a
mean score of 2.0 while the second statement on exposure to violence got a mean
score of 1.33 described as strongly disagree. On the last statement (porno DVD’s)
got a mean score of 5.0 described as strongly disagree.
The weighted mean of 2.77 revealed that on the statements given the re-
spondents’ view were interpreted as agree.
It implies that this factor has nothing to do with the early commission of
youth in crimes.
Table 3c presents the difference between Puerto Princesa Jail and Palawan Provincial Jail a paired samples correlations.
It is shown in table 3a that the paired samples correlation between Puerto
Princesa City Jail and Palawan Provincial Jail on the factors and level of motiva-
tion among inmates showed no significant relationship in all areas: statements un-
der Family factors, on the statement one (Parental criminality) with a t-value of
56
2.000 and p-value 184, the second statement (Poor family management) got .378
for the t-value and .742 for the p-value while the last statement got a t-value
of .378 and p-value of .742.
In terms of school factors, (Academic failure) number one statement got a
t-value1.732 with p-value of .225 t-value for .732 and p-value for .225(low bond-
ing to school) statement two has a t-value of 1.732 with a p-value of .225 while
the number three statement (school dropout) got a t-value of 1.941 with p-value of
.192.
When it comes to peer related factors, the given statements has 1.000 with
a p-value of .423(delinquent siblings), 1.000 a t-value on statement two with a p-
value of .423 (delinquent peers) and .555 in the last statement under peer related
factors (gang membership) with a p-value of .635.
On the other hand, Community factors on its statement one (poverty) got
a t-value of 2.000 with p-value of .184 while (exposure to violence) with 1.512
got a p-value of .270 and 2.000 on the statement three or Availability of porno
dvd’s with a p-value of .184.
Moreover, table shows that there is no significant relationship between the
factors cited among inmates.
Table 3d. Difference between Puerto Princesa City Jail and Palawan Provincial Jail Inmates
57
Table 3f. Correlation between the demographic and socio-economic profile of the respondents and their level of motivation among the given factors In table 1f, present the correlation between the Demographic profile of
the respondents and their level of motivation among the factors cited such as Indi-
vidual factors, Family factors, School factors, Peer related factors and Community
58
Items t-value P-value DecisionINDIVIDUAL FACTORS
Hyper activity .500 .667 Ho:Accept
Aggressiveness 1.000 .423 Ho:Accept
Deviant activities .000 1.000 Ho:Accept
FAMILY FACTORSParental criminality 2.000 .184 Ho:Accept
Poor family man-agement
.378 .742 Ho:Accept
Parent and child separation
.378 .742 Ho:Accept
SCHOOL FACTORS Academic failure 1.732 .225 Ho:Accept
Low bonding to school
1.732 .225 Ho:Accept
School dropout 1.941 .192 Ho:Accept
PEER RELATED FACTORSDelinquent siblings 1.000 .423 Ho:Accept
Delinquent peers 1.000 .423 Ho:Accept
Gang membership .555 .635 Ho:Accept
COMMUNITY FACTORSPoverty 2.000 .184 Ho:Accept
Exposure to vio-lence
1.512 .270 Ho:Accept
Availability of porno dvd’s
2.000 .184 Ho:Accept
factors. It found to be significant in Family factors. One in age and parental crimi-
nality were tend to be significant, that is items number 2. The significant level is
at .05.
Moreover, data shows that there is no significant relationship between the
Demographic profile and socio economic profile of the respondents in their level
This chapter presents the summary, conclusions and recommendations of the study
Summary
This study was conducted to identify the cases on juvenile delinquency in
Palawan Provincial Jail and Puerto Princesa City Jail. The selected 12 respondents
in the study are coming from Provincial Jail while 3 of the respondents are from
City Jail. The study covers the period of early commission of crimes of juvenile
delinquents in up to their legal ages.
The descriptive method was used to gather information pertaining to the
cases on juvenile delinquency; the total enumeration was used in the selection of
the respondents within the two selected area of the study namely the Provincial
Jail and City Jail. Pearson product moment correlation was used in analyzing the
relationship between the respondents’ demographic and socio-economic profile
and the factors level of motivation.
In the data gathered by the researcher in Provincial jail, results revealed
that majority of six or (50.0%) of the respondent belong to the age bracket of 23-
26 followed by six or (50%) of the respondents were on age of 19-23.
The commission of crimes of the respondents majority, seven or (58.3%)
of the respondents were on age of 17 years old followed by four or (33.3%) were
on age of 18 while one or (8.3%) belongs to the age of 15 years old.
The respondents were males and all of them were still single.
48
The ethnic affiliation of the respondents could be observed that majority
of seven or (58.3%) of the respondent belong to Cuyuno, two or (16.6%) were
Tagalog same with (16.6%) revealed that they were Tausog. However one
remaining respondents belong to Agutaynen.
The religious affiliation of the respondents, majority of ten or (83.3%) of
the respondents were devoted Roman Catholic while two or (16.6%) of them was
Islam.
However, in terms of educational attainment of the respondents, the data
revealed that majority of four or (33.3%) of respondent earned tertiary level of
education same with (33.3%) revealed that they finished secondary level of
education three or (25.0%) were elementary graduate and one or (8.3%) attained
high school level of education.
The socio-economic profile of the respondents revealed that seven or
(58.3%) of the respondents have a monthly family income of P1, 000-5,000 four
or (33.3%) revealed that their parents earned P 6, 000-10,000 and one (8.3%) re-
veals that their parents’ earned 11,000 and above.
The parents’ occupation of the respondents revealed that majority of four
or (33.3%) of the respondents revealed that their parents’ were housekeepers three
or (25.0%) were vendors; same with three or (25.0%) were farmers and two
(16.6%) were employed as government employees. It implies that the socio-eco-
nomic profile of the respondents fall into the minimum wage of income.
49
In terms of cases on juvenile delinquency in Palawan Provincial Jail the
twelve respondents has an equal response, six of them had been charged of mur-
der and six of them had been charged of rape
PUERTO PRINCESA CITY JAIL
In the data gathered in Puerto Princesa City Jail showed that three of the
respondents are now in the age bracket of 25-20 it can be observed that the re-
spondents are now on their legal age.
In terms of early commission of crimes majority of two or (16.6%) were
on age of 17, one respondent’s response in the age of 18. It could be observed that
the early commissions of crimes were labeled in adolescents’ stage.
Three respondents have different ethnic groups, as to the religious affilia-
tion of the respondents all of them were in dominant religion well known as Ro-
man Catholic.
The educational attainment of the respondents led to majority of two or
(16.6%) finished secondary level of education while one or (8.3%) of the respon-
dents revealed that he had attained elementary level of education.
The socio-economic profile of respondents revealed that two or (66.6%) of
the respondents have a monthly family income of P1, 000-5,000 on the other hand
only one or (33.3%) of the respondent have a monthly family income of P6, 000-
10,000.
The respondents revealed that his father was a driver while the other one
claimed that his mother and father was a vendor and the remaining respondent re-
vealed that his parents’ owned a business.
50
The respondents have different committed crimes such as murder, theft
and robbery.
The results revealed that there is no significant difference between the
factors that motivate the youth to commit an offense among City Jail and
Provincial Jail inmates.
There is no significant relationship between the respondents’ demographic
and socio-economic profile in the factors such as Individual factors, Family fac-
tors, School factors, Peer related factors and community factors.
Conclusions
In consideration of the significant findings of the study the following
conclusions were drawn:
1. During the commission of crimes of the respondent, the results revealed
that they are in age bracket of 15-18, therefore at an early age they are prone in
any environmental factors that might affects their behaviour towards people.
2. Respondents coming from both Palawan Provincial Jail and Puerto
Princesa Jail were all male; therefore more males commit crime than females.
3. It is observed that prevalent cases among the respondents are murder and
rape.
4. Respondents have low educational attainment.
5. Their monthly family incomes of 1,000-5,000 fall into below family
threshold.
6. Their parents’ occupations such as House keepers, vendors and farmers
were not capable in sustaining the high monthly family income.
51
7. The levels of perception among the factors that motivate the respondents
show a discrepancy during the statistics.
8. Null hypothesis have no significant difference between the factors that
motivate the youth to commit an offense among City Jail and Provincial Jail
inmates.
9. There is no significant relationship between the respondents’ demographic
and socio-economic profile in the factors cited such as Individual factors,
Family factors, School factors, Peer related factors, and Community factors.
Recommendations
Based on the findings and conclusion the following recommendations
were formulated:
The juvenile delinquency is a much related problem in the Philippines;
young offenders should be linked with broader development initiatives aimed at
delinquency reduction and social acceptance of the whole.
1. Rehabilitative services for youth offenders, to the persistent social
problem of juvenile delinquency.
2. Efforts to organize and strengthen community-level mechanisms for
surveillance, monitoring, protection and care, such as the barangay
councils for the protection of children, the barangay human rights ac-
tion centre, or the basic ecclesial communities organized under the
auspices of the Catholic Church; and creating spaces and more oppor-
tunities for effective and meaningful participation by children and
young people in all decisions and actions affecting them.
52
3. Efforts to build and strengthen the stability of the Filipino family,
particularly among the disadvantaged, focusing on the role of
children and parents.
4. Proposals such as these are opposite to the view that young offenders
still have a chance of growing up responsible and law-abiding adults
if properly educated and reformed. Called restorative justice for the
juvenile, this concept still advocates punishment for juvenile
offenders but ensures that the punishment fits the crime.
5. The local council must give extra efforts, serve as the primary agency
to coordinate with and assist the LGU concerned for the adoption of a
comprehensive plan on delinquency preventions.
6. Community Involvement like Girl scouts, boy scouts, church youth
groups, and volunteer groups all involve youth within a community. In-
volvement in community groups provide youth with an opportunity to
interact in a safe social environment.
53
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Chopra, D. (2002). Juvenile crime in legal situation. Mc Graw Hill Publishing House, New York
Chang, Jun-shu (2000), Inherited Behavior and violence among children, First Edition,
Wu Nan Publishing Company, Taipei.
Jessor, R. and S. L. Jessor. (2007). Problem and behaviour and Psychological Development. New York: Academic Press.
Celia V. Sanidad-Leones.2000 Effective Preventive Measures
Garcia, Mb., “Introduction Sociology (2004) : A unified Approach” National Book Store
Maciones, J. and Conrad . 2002. Sociology. 9th edition. Singapore: Pearson Educ. St. Asia Ptl. Ltd
Rommel, Manwong (2005). Fundamentals to Criminology
Pfuhl, Erdwin H. jr. (2002). Human Deviance. Social Problems, and Social Con-trol. New Jersey: Prentice –Hall, inc
Erdwin,Kornhauser J. M 2006 Family Factors on Juvenile Delinquency, Second edition,
Unpublished/Published Thesis/Dissertation
Crockett, L.J., Eggebeen, D.J., and Hawkins, A.J.2005. Father’s presence and young children’s behavioral and cognitive adjustment. Journal of Family Issues 14(3):355–377.
Derzon, J.H., and Lipsey, M.W. 2005. The correspondence of family fea-tures with problem, aggressive, criminal and violent behavior.
Lipsey, M.W., and Derzon, J.H. 2007. Predictors of violent or serious delinquency in adolescence and early adulthood, the school factors and its influence: A synthesis of longitudinal research. In Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders:Risk Factors and Successful Interventions, edited byR. Loeber and D.P. Farrington. Thousand Oaks,
Wasserman, G.A., and Seracini, A.G. 2006. Family risk factors and in-terventions. In Child Delinquents: Development, Intervention, and Ser-
54
vice Needs, edited by R. Loeber and D.P. Farrington. Thousand Oaks, CA: SageHerrenkohl, T.L., Hawkins, J.D., Chung, I., Hill, K.G., and Battin-Pearson, S. 2001. School and community risk factors and interventions. In Child Delinquents: Development, Intervention, andService Needs, edited by R. Loeber and D.P.
Farrington, D.P. 2000. Explaining and preventing crime: The globaliza-tion of knowledge—The American Society of Criminology 2003 presi-dential addresses. Criminology 38(1):1–24.
Republic of the PhilippinesWESTERN PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
PUERTO PRINCESA CAMPUSCollege of Arts, Sciences and Technology
Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City
January 27,2009
Col. Ramon C. EspinaWardenPalawan Provincial JailPuerto Princesa City
Sir:
I am a 4th year student enrolled in Bachelor of Arts in Sociology at the Western Philippines University Puerto Princesa Campus, Puerto Princesa City. I am conducting a research study entitled: “CASES ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN THE PALAWAN PROVINCIAL JAIL AND PUERTO PRINCESA CITY JAIL”. This is a requirement of the course in Socio 200 (Undergraduate thesis).
In connection with this, I would like to request permission to allow me to conduct my research study and set an interview for the juvenile delinquents, and the outcome of this work will be treated in utmost confidentiality.
Thank you and more power!
Very truly yours,
(SGD.) SILVER JOHN S. SOBEBE Researcher
NOTED:
56
(SGD.) FRANKLIN JOSEPH D.SOLITA Ed.D Adviser
APPENDIX BLetter for the Warden
Republic of the PhilippinesWESTERN PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
PUERTO PRINCESA CAMPUSCollege of Arts, Sciences and Technology
Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City
January 28, 2010
Supt. Ronaldo M. SenocWardenPuerto Princesa City JailPuerto Princesa City
Sir:
I am a 4th year student enrolled in Bachelor of Arts in Sociology at the Western Philippines University Puerto Princesa Campus, Puerto Princesa City. I am conducting a research study entitled: “CASES ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN THE PALAWAN PROVINCIAL JAIL AND PUERTO PRINCESA CITY JAIL”. This is a requirement of the course in Socio 200 (Undergraduate thesis).
In connection with this, I would like to request permission to allow me to gather information for the total population of the Juvenile Delinquents, and the outcome of this work will be treated in utmost confidentiality.
Thank you and more power!
Very truly yours,
(SGD.) SILVER JOHN S. SOBEBE Researcher
NOTED:
(SGD.) FRANKLIN JOSEPH D.SOLITA Ed.D
57
Adviser
APPENDIX C
Letter for the Respondents
Republic of the PhilippinesWESTERN PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
PUERTO PRINCESA CAMPUSCollege of Arts, Sciences and Technology
Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City
January 27, 2009
Dear Respondents:
I am a 4thyear Sociology student of Western Philippines
University, Puerto Princesa Campus at Sta.Monica, Puerto Princesa City. I have
chosen the Palawan Provincial Jail as the area of the study in the conduct of my
research entitled: “CASES ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN THE
PALAWAN PROVINCIAL JAIL AND PUERTO PRINCESA CITY JAIL”.the
primary objective of this study is to determine the factor that motivates the youth
(18 yrs. below) in their involvement in deviant act.
In this regard, I am requesting your participation as a respondent to
gather the necessary data and information. Please answer the entire question base
on your knowledge experience and opinion. Rest assured the confidential in
handling the data will be observed.
Thank you and more power!
Respectfully yours,
58
(SGD.)SILVER JOHN SOBEBE Researcher
APPENDIX D
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Demographic Information
Part-I
.A Please answer the following question by writing your answer in the space
provided or by putting a check in the provided space before your response;
Topic: Cases on juvenile delinquency in the Palawan Provincial Jail and Puerto
Princesa Jail
Name______________________
Age_____ (During the commission of crime)
Present age_____
Gender_____
Civil Status_______
A. Educational Attainment:
( ) Elem. Grade( ) High School Years( ) High School Grad( ) Freshmen College
B. Religion
( ) Roman Catholic( ) Iglesia Ni Kristo( ) Seventh Day Adventist ( ) Protestant( ) others, pls. specify______________________