Case Studies on Facilities Management and Geographic Information Systems Integration John Przybyla, PE, GISP Woolpert, Inc.
Case Studies on Facilities Management and Geographic
Information Systems Integration
John Przybyla, PE, GISP
Woolpert, Inc.
Exciting but Independent Developments in Technology
•3-D Visualization in BIM, CAD, and GIS
•BIM to COBie to populate FM data
•GIS linked to CMMS and CAFM
3-D in AutoCAD (1990) - NC State
3-D SketchUp – University of North Carolina
3-D Visualization in SketchUp (NC State)
3-D Data in ESRI GIS – Vanderbilt University
3-D in MicroStation - WPAFB
Many Facilities Management Needs
•Visualization
•Maintenance Management
•Space Management
•Move Management
•Wayfinding
•Safety and Security
•Energy Management
•Condition Assessment
•Capital Improvement Planning
Multiple Technology Choices
•CAD
•BIM
•GIS
•CMMS
•EAM
•CAFM
•IWMS
•FCA
•CIP
•Many more…
Facilities Management Challenges
• What tools are best suited to manage facility data?
• What are the potential approaches to creating and maintaining spatial facility data? – Can I get more from CAD?
– Do I need to start with BIM?
– Laser scanning to BIM?
– What is the role of GIS?
• How do I integrate spatial data and maintenance information to make good investment decisions?
• What are the best practices going forward?
What Tools are Best Suited to Manage Facilities?
•Spatial Tools – Computer Aided Drafting (CAD)
– Building Information Modeling (BIM)
– Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
•Management Tools – Computerized Maintenance Management
(CMMS)
– Enterprise Asset Management (EAM)
– Computer Aided Facility Management (CAFM)
– Integrated Workplace Management Systems (IWMS)
– Condition Assessment/Capital Planning tools
Can we use CAD as the Basis for a Facilities Management System?
•CAD data exists for many facilities
•CAD products have been connected to CAFM systems for many years – Limited functionality
– Challenging data synchronization
•CAD suffers from same constraints as BIM – File Based
– Proprietary
– Not scalable
– Limited security
Not a Viable Solution – But we need the 2-D Data from CAD
BIM Provides Benefits for Design and Construction
• Improved design process
• 3-D visualization for owner (static only)
• Coordination between disciplines
• Interference checking
• Facilitates energy efficiency and LEED
• Automated quantity take offs
• 4-D scheduling
• Improved documentation of design intent
• Potentially used for fabrication
Elements in BIM are Created at a High Level of Detail
This data is required to
convey the information
needed to construct the
facility.
All BIM products export
BIM data to and Industry
Foundation Classes
(IFCs)
Can We Use BIM as the Basis for a Facilities Management System? •File-based
•Proprietary data formats –Exports to IFC not uniform
•Not easily query-able across multiple facilities
•Not scalable to large number of users –BIM Server technology limited to design focus
•Limited security
•No clustering, failover, etc.
•Only NEW facilities are in BIM! Not a Viable Solution – But we need the 3-D Data from BIM
GIS Can Manage, Analyze & Visualize Data at All Scales
Country
Region
City
Building
Global
Campus Rooms
Equipment
Furniture
The Analytic Power of GIS
• Spatial analysis and modeling – Overlay analysis (union, intersect)
– Proximity analysis (buffer, near)
– Surface analysis (hill shade, slope)
– Linear analysis (connectivity, tracing)
– Raster analysis
• Geoprocessing tools
• Database management
• Rich API
• Enterprise-ready
• Field Computing-ready
• Integrates with – CMMS
– EAM
– CAFM
– IWMS
GIS Supports Enterprise Applications
Analysis
Decision Support
Executive Dashboard
Building Automation Systems
Space Analysis/CAFM
Work Order Management
FCA Data
Management
Planning
CAD to GIS Integration Issues
•CAD data is not spatially located
•CAD data may or may not be consistently structured
•CAD data is not very intelligent
•CAD data is 2-D
BIM to GIS Integration Issues
• BIM is MUCH richer in detail than GIS
• GIS has only recently become fully 3-D
• Design BIM contains all the information needed to construct a building, but not to manage it – Space polygons
– Occupant information
– Asset details (make, model, etc.)
– Equipment maintenance data
• Missing tabular data can be supplied by COBie – but no spatial data
buildingSMARTalliance BIM-GIS Project (BIGie) http://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/projects/activeprojects/27
bSa BIGie Project Focus
• How can BIM applications and information seamlessly interact with geospatial information during across the lifecycle process to address requirements related to site conditions and surroundings?
• How can BIM and geospatial applications be used to communicate campus-wide information requirements for lifecycle facility management and operations?
• How can 3-D CAD and geospatial portrayal services facilitate modeling in campus-wide and facility perspectives for as-is BIM model and further extension for planning or design activities?
Significance of BIGie Effort
• Multiple organizations and Federal agencies involved
• Based on open data standards (ISO, OGC)
• Over 50 Use Cases identified
• Information Delivery Manual (IDM) being developed
ESRI’s Building Interior Space Data Model (BISDM) for GIS - A user
community effort
• Started in summer 2007
• Built template to serve many use
cases and compatible
technologies
• Support property, building, and
asset objects – 3-D
• Models, supporting
documentation, tools, and sample
viewers at
www.esri.com/datamodels
• Can be extended to include FM
Data
Spectrum of Techniques for Creating 3-D Facility GIS
Field Surveying
Laser Scanning to BIM
Convert CAD to GIS floor plans
BIM to GIS (New facilities only)
Convert CAD to GIS “jello cubes”
CO
ST V
ALU
E
3-D GIS Jello Cubes from CAD (MIT)
3-D GIS Analysis with Jello Cubes
GIS from Jello Cubes Functionality
Supported
• Visualization
• Space Management
• Move Management
• Proximity analysis
Not Supported
• Maintenance Management
• Wayfinding
• Energy Management
• Security
• Evacuation
• MEP/Data Network routing
Laser Scanning to GIS – Point Cloud
3-D Surfaces from Scan
Point Cloud - Power Generation Facility
Scan Data Processing
3-D Model from Scan
GIS From Scanning or Surveying Functionality
Supported
• Visualization
• Space Management
• Move Management
• Proximity analysis
• Maintenance Management
• Wayfinding
• Energy Management
• Security
• Evacuation
Not Supported
• MEP/Data Network routing (hidden features)
FM – GIS Case Studies
•Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport
•Oakland County, Michigan
•Architect of the Capitol
Phoenix Sky Harbor International
•Owned by the City of Phoenix
•Ninth busiest US Airport
•3000 Acres inside the fence
•3.5 million square feet in 3 terminals
Enterprise class GIS Deployment
Above ground, surface, underground and interior
features ALL in GIS
High end GIS applications and infrastructure
Integrate with 10+ existing business systems
Project Scope
GIS Technology for inside features
3.5 Million sf in terminals and cargo facilities
7.5 Million sf in parking facilities
Study conducted to determine approach
What data was relevant to staff?
– What precision was needed?
– What sources were available?
– How complete/accurate/current were they?
– What is the most cost effective way to create data?
Facilities Data Development
Category 1 Features – Critical
• Building Boundary • Floor Level Boundary • Space Classification
Boundary • Lease Boundary • Cost Center Boundary • Ceiling Type Boundary • Floor Type Boundary • Roof Area Boundary • Exterior Walls • Interior Walls • Windows • Columns • Column Grid • Stairs • Elevators • Escalators • Moving Walkways
• Secure Area Boundary • Fire Alarm Panel Boundary • Fire Suppression Zone
Boundary • Exterior Doors • Interior Doors • Interior Signage • Emergency Lights • Exit Lights • Back Flow Preventer • Fire Extinguishers • Fire Protection Equipment • Fire Alarm Panels • CCTV Camera • Access Control Panel • Access Pad • Emergency Duress Unit • AEDs • Covert Alarm Button
+/-
3” +/-
2’
Category 2 Features - Wanted
•HVAC Equipment •Plumbing Equipment •Baggage Carousel •Baggage/Cargo Conveyors •Baggage Cart Racks •Express Pay Machines •Parking Ticket Machines •Parking Garage Automatic Gates •Pull Stations •Smoke Detectors •Roof Drains •Floor Drains •Cleanouts •Grease Traps •Water Closet •Urinal •Lavatory •Sink
•Visual/Audible Alarms •Magnetic Hold-Open Devices •FIDS Monitors •Paging System Monitors •Sprinkler Heads •Public Telephones Speakers CCTV Monitor Paging System Microphones Electrical Sub-Panels Service Entrance Section Motor Control Power Distribution Switch Gear Transformers Generators Trash Containers Display Cases Ceiling Grid
Category 3 Features – Not Required
• Lights - General • Power Distribution - Raceways • HVAC Ductwork • HVAC Ductwork Accessories • HVAC Piping System • HVAC Pipe Accessories • Plumbing Piping System • Plumbing Pipe Accessories • Fire Protection Piping System • Fire Protection Pipe Accessories • Furniture • Movable Partitions
Field Data Collection Process
Survey Control extended into facilities
Individual features captured by TS or Laser
Features created in AutoCAD Map
Exported to shapefiles
Imported into ESRI Geodatabases
Interior Feature Symbols
Data, data, and more data
Doors - 5194
Smoke Detectors - 1499
Visual Audible Alarms - 4776
Light Poles - 6455
Facilities Management Integration with SAP CMMS
• Spaces/features in GIS all have SAP IDs
• Anyone can view SAP information from GIS
• View work orders and routine maintenance information
• View specific equipment location and attribution (ie serial number, model and manufacturer).
SAP Interface
SAP Interface – Step 1
SAP Interface – Step 2
SAP Interface – Step 3
Phoenix Solution Elements
•Extensive, detailed 2-D GIS (Extrude to 3-D)
•Data created by field surveying
•Spaces and equipment loosely coupled to CMMS asset by IDs
•Custom read-only GIS-CMMS interface
Oakland County, MI Collaborative Asset Management System (CAMS)
•Population – 1,300,000
•Early, progressive ESRI users
•Needed GIS-Centric EAM – Water/Sewer/Storm – Road Commission – Facilities – Parks – Cities, Villages, Towns – Ultimately ~1,000 users
Oakland County Facilities Management
•350+ facilities and grounds
•Central campus plus multiple locations
•Facilities as simple features in GIS
Oakland County Needs
•Replace existing CMMS
•Use GIS-Centric EAM – County standard
•Maintain existing non-spatial asset hierarchy
•Integrate with financial system
•Meet current user needs
GIS-Based Facility Asset Data Structure
Facilities as GIS Features
Select Feature – View Object Hierarchy
Select Another Facility – View Hierarchy
Drill Down Through Hierarchy to Asset
Create Work Order Based on Asset Type
Collaborative Asset Management System (CAMS) Elements
•Based on Azteca Cityworks (GIS-Centric CMMS)
•Assets converted from non-GIS based CMMS into GIS as non-spatial objects
•Assets located via hierarchy
•Future desire to migrate CAD floor plan data to GIS and integrate with CMMS
Architect of the Capitol
AOC Currently
•CMMS (TMA Systems) – no spatial data – Maintenance Management
– Move Management
•Floor plans in 2-D CAD (MicroStation) – Rooms, Spaces, Furniture
– MEP asset in great detail
•Numerous non-spatial databases – Facility Condition Assessments
– Historic Preservation
– Energy Management
– Many more
AOC Furniture Detail
AOC – Mechanical Detail
AOC – Electrical Detail
AOC Concept
•Develop 3-D GIS from extruding CAD floor plans and scanning
•Incorporate or integrate with non-spatial databases
•Link to GIS-enabled CMMS (TMA) for – Space/move management
– GIS-based maintenance management
– Wayfinding/evacuation routing
– Safety/security analysis
– Capital improvement project planning
•Develop custom applications as needed
•Incorporate 3-D BIMs as they come
TMA GIS Module Functionality
Full Feature Detail in 2-D GIS
a. Press Select Features button b. Check the Assets Layer c. Push the Select Button d. Draw selection rectangle on
map over desired features to select
Select Feature – Create SR or WO
Press the Create Request or Create Work Order button
AOC 3-D GIS Concept - Wayfinding
BIM Spatial Data Interchange to GIS (New facilities only)
• BIM Export to Industry Foundation Class (IFC) – All Major BIM Products export and import IFC
• Safe Software’s FME imports IFC – Exports over 100 CAD/GIS/3-D formats
• Limitations of export and import technology
Model in BIM Model in GIS
Conceptual Integrated CAD/BIM to GIS/FM Data Workflow
GIS
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E 13,089,250 E 13,089,500 E 13,089,750 E 13,090,000 E 13,090,250 E 13,090,500 E 13,090,750 E 13,091,000
REVISIONS
MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
PHYSICAL PLANT DIVISION
ENGINEERING SERVICES DEPARTMENT
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GIS Data
CADD Data
BIM Data
CMMS
CAFM/IWMS COBIE
Spatial Data
Tabular Data
Facility/Asset
Management
BIM
Repository
3-D GIS Integrated with CMMS Functionality • Maintenance Management • MEP/data network routing/analysis (if in source data) • Space Management/optimization • Move management • Public Safety
– Security – Fire protection – Evacuation routing – Hazardous materials storage
• Way-Finding – Proximity/routing – ADA compliant routes
• Interior Space analyses – Areas (organizational, operations, leasing, etc.) – Volumes
• Condition Assessment for Capital Planning • Energy Management
– Real-time sensor display – Environmental contaminant analysis
• Export Existing models for renovation
GIS for FM - Best Practices
•Implement a complete solution using GIS – includes all facilities – not just the fraction from BIM
– places facilities in their context
•For existing facilities - create 3-D GIS via extrusion from 2-D CAD and/or scanning – Link features to CMMS/CAFM assets and spaces
•For new facilities - convert BIM to 3-D GIS – Use COBie to populate CMMS/CAFM data
•Use 3-D GIS to manage facilities over their lifecycle – Integrated with CMMS/CAFM and other applications
Questions?