Cascading Payment Content Exchange Cascading Payment Content Exchange (CasPaCE) Framework for P2P Networks (CasPaCE) Framework for P2P Networks Gurleen Arora Supervisors: Dr. M. Hanneghan & Prof. M. Merabti Networked Appliances Laboratory School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences Liverpool John Moores University Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK. Email: {G.Arora, M.B. Hanneghan, M.Merabti}@livjm.ac.uk Annual Researcher’s Conference, March 2004
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Cascading Payment Content Exchange (CasPaCE) Framework for P2P Networks Gurleen Arora Supervisors: Dr. M. Hanneghan & Prof. M. Merabti Networked Appliances.
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Cascading Payment Content Exchange Cascading Payment Content Exchange (CasPaCE) Framework for P2P (CasPaCE) Framework for P2P NetworksNetworks
Gurleen AroraSupervisors: Dr. M. Hanneghan & Prof. M. Merabti
Networked Appliances LaboratorySchool of Computing and Mathematical SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityByrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.Email: {G.Arora, M.B. Hanneghan, M.Merabti}@livjm.ac.uk
Motivation: Commercial Digital Content Motivation: Commercial Digital Content DistributionDistribution
Peer
Peer
Peer
Motivation: Commercial Digital Content Motivation: Commercial Digital Content DistributionDistribution
Peer
Peer
Peer
Motivation: Commercial Digital Content Motivation: Commercial Digital Content DistributionDistribution
IssuesIssues
• Free-riding– Fragmentation
• Makes network inefficient
• Copyright Infringement• Participation Incentives• Trust between participants • Atomicity in transactions• Fair exchange
FindingsFindings
• Cascading Payments Model (CPM)– the process whereby payment flows towards the content
owner through intermediary peers in a P2P network
D
1. Content X 3. Content X 6. Content X
4. Payment 2 7. Payment 3
8. Fraction(Payment 3)
5. Fraction(Payment 2)
2. Payment 1
CBA
Content Owner
Author (A) always receives a major chunk of the payment as he holds the intellectual rights to the content. Other peers receive commissions for their participation in the economic chain, or as intermediaries/brokers like in the real world.
FindingsFindings
A C
BGF
E
D
H
I
J Peer
01
02
All peers (A-J) have equal functional capabilities i.e. they can act as normal peers as well as bank peers, barring in cases where the physical capabilities of the peer does not allow it. An Overlay Network of Peers O1 acts as a Bank for the whole system.This provides a trust mechanism for the Cascading Payment Scheme. Peers that get chosen to act as banks need to be selected randomly to deter malicious behaviour
– 2.5 Payment Methodologies• Macro and Micro Payments
• Electronic Cash
• Licensing schemes
• Current payment methodologies in P2P
– 2.6 Web Services• Extensible Markup Language (XML)
– 2.7 Security and Trust– 2.8 Summary
Thesis OutlineThesis Outline
• 3. The CasPaCE Framework & its components– 3.1 The Framework requirements– 3.1 The Cascading Payments Model (CPM)– 3.2 The Overlay Network of Bank Peers– 3.3 The CasPaCE Framework– 3.4 CasPaCE Services and Service Usage – 3.5 Summary
• 5. System Implementation– 5.1 CPM implementation– 5.2 Bank Peer Overlay network implementation– 5.3 CasPaCE Service Interaction– 5.4 Summary
Thesis OutlineThesis Outline
• 6. System evaluation and case studies– 6.1 Case Study A: E-learning content exchange
(ElConE)– 6.2 Case Study B: Paid Service utilisation– 6.3 System Evaluation– 6.4 Summary
• 7. Conclusions and further work– 7.1 Thesis Summary– 7.2 Framework Enhancement– 7.3 Concluding remarks
• References• Appendices
ConclusionsConclusions
• P2P networks are here to stay and P2P is a viable model for content distribution.
• P2P networks are flawed with free-riding and copyright violation which inhibits the efficient working of the P2P network.
• To overcome these flaws, participation incentives are required which also discourage copyright infringement.
• Cascading Payments is a solution to benefit all participants and to overcome these flaws.
ConclusionsConclusions
• Monetary transactions have to be trusted and atomic so neither participant may deny the successful completion of a transaction.
• The CasPaCE Services Framework enables the implementation of the CPM and ensures the atomicity of transactions.
• This Framework can be used in different scenarios, such as– Distribution of e-learning material within an
educational institution.– To pay for content and resource usage in a
Networked Appliance scenario.
PublicationsPublications
• G. Arora, M. Hanneghan, and M. Merabti, "CasPaCE: A framework for cascading payments in peer-to-peer digital content exchange," In Proceedings of the 4th Annual PostGraduate Networking Conference (PGNet 2003), Liverpool, UK, 2003, pp. 110 -116.
• G. Arora, M. Hanneghan, and M. Merabti, "P2P Commercial Digital Content Exchange," Submitted to Elsevier's Journal on Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2003.
• G. Arora, M. Hanneghan, and M. Merabti, "Payment Separation and Distribution for Cascading Payments in P2P Networks," Submitted to Globecom 2004, Dallas, USA, 2004.