Carroll Chapter 05.Female Anatomy

8/20/2019 Carroll Chapter 05.Female Anatomy

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Chapter Five

Female Sexual Anatomy


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Agenda

Discuss Female Sexual & Reproductive

System

Describe Female Maturation Cycle

Discuss Female Reproductive and SexualHealth


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The Female Sexual and

Reproductive System

External Sex Orans

!nternal Sex OransOther Sex Orans


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Video: The Vagina Monologues

"hat is your reaction to the video#


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External Sex Organs

$ulva%udendum ' entire (emale reion o( externalsex orans

Mons $eneris

protective) (atty cushion over the pubic bone*

covered +ith pubic hair

,abia Ma-ora

outer lips*

tissue (olds (rom mons to perineum surroundinthe rest o( the (emale enitals*

enore +ith blood i( excited


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External Sex Organs

,abia Minorainner lips*

pin. tissue (olds bet+een vestibule and labiama-ora*

no hair*many oil lands*

dar.en i( sexually aroused

Clitoris

small cylindrical erectile tissue beneath theprepuce*

rich in blood supply and nerve endins*

solely to provide sexual pleasure) primarily via

indirect stimulation


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External Sex Organs

$estibule ' reion bet+een the labia minora*

urethral and vainal openins) /artholin0s

lands ducts

1rethral Meatus ' bet+een clitoris and vainaerineum ' bet+een anus and vaina


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nternal Sex Organs

$aina

4 inch) thin5+alled accordion5li.e tube (rom

the introitus to the cervix) tilted bac.*oran o( intercourse and canal (or menses

and babies*

lubricant secreted (rom vainal +allopenins +hen enored*

(irst 6%7 contains many nerve endins)

inner 8%7 has little nerves


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nternal Sex Organs

9ra(enber Spot :95spot; ' dime to

Female e-aculation ' po+er(ul orasms

and expulsion o( (luid :up to 4 ounces;due to stimulation o( the 95spot in some+omen*

may be S.ene0s lands (luid or urine


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nternal Sex Organs

1terus ' 65inch thic. +alls) hollo+) muscular

oran bet+een the bladder and rectum*

monthly cycle o( chane* menstruation)protects (etus) contractions to expel menses

and (etus* 7 inches lon) 8 inches +ide

7 uterine +all layers>

erimetrium

Myometrium

Endometrium


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nternal Sex Organs

Cervix ' at bottom o( the uterus* douhnut5

shaped* secretes mucus to help or impede

sperm) dependin on the monthly cycle

Os ' openin leadin into the uterus


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nternal Sex Organs

Fallopian 2ubes :oviducts; ' t+o 45inch lon

trumpet shaped tubes that extend (rom the

sides o( the uterus and curve up to andaround the ovaries

Ampulla ' typical site o( (ertili=ation

!n(undibulum ' has (imbriae surroundin

the ovaries to collect an e upon release

Ovaries ' (orm o( an almond shell* contain

8?@)@@@ ova each* produce estroen


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2he (emale internal reproductive system :side vie+;3


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2he (emale internal reproductive system :(ront vie+;3


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Other Sex Organs

Any area can be arousin dependin on the

type o( stimulation and the perceptions o( the

recipient/reasts :mammary lands; ' modi(ied s+eat

lands that produce mil.* (atty tissue) 6? to 8@

lobes) and mil.5producin lands :alveoli;

ipple) areola

Suc.in stimulates pituitary land to

release prolactin :bein mil. synthesis; and

oxytocin :release o( mil.;


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2he (emale breast3


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The Female Maturation

CycleFemale uberty

MenstruationMenopause


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Female !u"erty

/eins any+here (rom B to 6? years o( ae

Earlier onset o( menstruation may be due to

bein over+eiht* can vary +ith raceuberty lasts about 7 to ? years

/eins +hen pituitary land initiates release

o( FSH and ,H) +hich increases the ovaries

production o( estroen

!ncreased si=e o( Fallopian tubes) uterus)

vaina) breasts) buttoc.s) thihs


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Female !u"erty

elvis +idens

ubic hair ro+s

Durin puberty :usually 66 or 68 years;)ovulation commences

Menarche occurs durin this time as +ell)

althouh it may be a (e+ months be(ore or

a(ter ovulation beins


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Menstruation

Menstruation ' uterine linin is shed i( no

prenancy* tissue and blood exit the introitus

Menstrual cycle ' lasts about 84 to 7? days)averae is 8B days

Menstrual cycle has (our phases>

Follicular phase

Ovulation phase

,uteal phase

Menstrual phase


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Menstruation: Menstrual Cycle

Follicular phase ' beins a(ter menstruation

ends* lasts 567 days* ovarian (ollicles bein

to ripen* estroen promotes development o(endometrium to 85? millimeters thic.

Ovulation phase ' around day 64) an ovum is

released due to FSH and ,H that have

ripened primary (ollicles* one (ollicle maturescompletely :secondary (ollicle; and ruptures)

releasin the e to be cauht by the (imbriae


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Menstruation: Menstrual Cycle

,uteal phase ' corpus luteum (orms on the

ovary +here the secondary (ollicle ruptured* it

secretes proesterone and estroen (or 6@568days to (urther develop the endometrium to 45

millimeters thic.* +ithout (ertili=ation) the

proesterone and estroen levels sinal to the

hypothalamus to decrease ,H and the corpusluteum deteriorates and estroen and

proesterone drop sini(icantly


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Menstruation

Menstrual phase ' endometrial buildup is

expelled throuh uterine contractions (or 75

days* volume o( menses is about 854

tablespoons o( (luid


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2he cycle o( (emale hormones3


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Variations in Menstruation

Amenorrhea ' absence o( menstruation

rimary amenorrhea ' never beins

menstruation* physical) health) emotionalcauses

Secondary amenorrhea ' menses cease

be(ore reachin menopause* prenancy)

li(estyle) emotional) physical causes

Menorrhaia ' excessive menses* oral

contraceptives can help control


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Dys(unctional uterine bleedin :D1/; '

bleedin (or lon periods) or intermittent

bleedin* hormonal) li(estyle) physical causesDysmenorrhea ' pain(ul menstruation* caused

by in(lammations) constipation) psycholoical

stress* recommend medication) relaxation)

yoa) massae) and stress relie(


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remenstrual Syndrome :MS; ' physical oremotional symptoms that occur durin the last

(e+ +ee.s o( the menstrual cycle

remenstrual Dysphoric Disorder :MDD; 'mood) behavioral) somatic) and conitive

symptoms* medication :SSR!s; and li(estyle

chanes provide relie(

$ariations in MenstruationRis. (actors (or MS and MDD> history o(

depression) sexual abuse) 2SD) smo.in


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Menstrual Manipulation and

Suppression

"omen can experience up to 4?@ periods

"ays to stem ro+th o( the endometrium>

Continuous birth control pillsroesterone intrauterine devices

!n-ections

!t is possible to relieve many physicalsymptoms related to menstruation

Some see menses as indicatin health

o medical basis to avoid sex durin a period


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2he Instead Softcup can be used durin a +oman0s period to ma.e sexual activity less messy3


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Menopause

A +oman0s (inal menstrual period

Climacteric ' period o( decreased estroen

production and menstruation stops* 4@5?Byears) averae ?6 years

2ypically have irreular cycles) rather than a

sudden stop

Sexual lands decrease in si=e

Secondary sex characteristics chane


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Menopause

Hormonal chanes ' hot (lashes) headaches)

sleep disturbances

Sexual complaintsMenopause can be induced by surically

removin the ovaries* doctors try to .eep at

least one in i( surery is necessary


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Female Reproductive and

Sexual #ealth9ynecoloical Health Concerns

Cancer o( the Female Reproductive

Orans


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Female Reproductive and Sexual

#ealth

9enital sel(5exams are recommended (or

+omen to be (amiliar +ith their enitals and

any possible abnormalitiesRoutine ynecoloical examinations

recommended once menstruatin

Medical history and chec.up

elvic examination :internal and external;

/reast examination

ap smear ' cervical s+ab


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$ynecological #ealth Concerns

Most prevalent>

Endometriosis

2oxic Shoc. Syndrome1terine Fibroids

$ulvodynia

$ainal !n(ections


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Endometriosis

Endometrial cells deposit outside o( the uterus

"ill enore%+ea.en +ith the menstrual cycle

Symptoms> pain(ul periods) lo+er abdominalor pelvic pain) pain on de(ecation) pain durin

intercourse

2ypically childless +omen bet+een 8? and 4@

Cause is un.no+n

2reatment> hormones) surery) laser therapy


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Toxic Shoc% Syndrome

Caused by proloned use o( a sinle tampon

+hich creates a buildup and subse (ever) diarrhea) vomitin) sore

throat) muscle ache) rash)

May cause> di==iness) respiratory distress)

.idney (ailure) heart (ailure) death

Avoid by chanin tampons reularly) usin

less absorbent tampons) usin sanitary pads


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&terine Fi"roids

Hard tissue masses in the uterus* si=e rane

A((ect 8@54@ :maybe ; o( +omen over

7? yearsSymptoms> pelvic pain and pressure) heavy

crampin) heavy or proloned bleedin)

constipation) (re hormones) drus) laser therapy)

surery) cryotherapy


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Vulvodynia

Chronic pain and soreness o( the vulva

Symptoms> vainal burnin) itchin) ra+ness)

stinin) stabbin o( vaina%vulva2he pain may be intermittent or constant

Cause is un.no+n

2reatment> bio(eedbac.) drus) dietarychanes) nerve bloc.s) surery) pelvic (loor

muscle strenthenin


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n'ections

on5sexually transmitted in(ections can occur

/artholin0s lands

1rinary tractMay be due to poor hyiene practices and%or

(re


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Cancer Associated (ithFemale Reproductive

Organs/reast

1terine

Cervical

Endometrial

Ovarian


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)reast Cancer

"orld+ide) the most common cancer

One in American +omen +ill develop it

Ris. (actors> (at inta.e) ain) earlymenarche) proloned estroen) inactive

li(estyle) alcohol consumption) enetics

/reast(eedin) early prenancy reduces ris.

Early detection is critical> breast sel(5

examinations) ynecoloical chec.ups)

mammoraphy


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/reast exam :in Feature box;


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)reast Cancer

Symptoms> breast lump) breast pain) nipple

dischare) puc.erin o( s.in) chane in nipple

shape !( untreated) the cancer +ill spread to other

parts o( the body

2reatment> partial%modi(ied mastectomy)

radical mastectomy) lumpectomy) radiation)chemotherapy


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)reast Cancer : Education and

Support $roups

http://../Videos/Breast_Support.mov


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Cervical Cancer

6 in 67@ American +omen

ap smear is used (or detection* should be

screened every year by 86 years o( aeHih cure rates

Ris. (actors> early intercourse) many sexual

partners) teenae mothers) cervicitis) enital

viral in(ections) extended oral contraceptive

use

2reatment> surery) radiation) hysterectomy


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Endometrial Cancer

Symptoms> abnormal bleedin) spottin

Detection most success(ul +ith dilation and

curettae2reatment> surery) radiation) hormones)

chemotherapy

Over @ survival rate

Oral contraceptives decrease ris.


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Ovarian Cancer

Decreased ris. +ith havin children and usin

birth control pills) tubal liation

Detection techni blood tests) pelvicexams) ultrasound

1n(ortunately) most dianosed a(ter cancer

has spread beyond the ovary because o( the

lac. o( early +arnin sins2reatment> remove ovaries) radiation)

chemotherapy

Carroll Chapter 05.Female Anatomy

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