carpets1-140412022850-phpapp02.ppt

DESINGED BY Sunil KumarResearch Scholar/ Food Production FacultyInstitute of Hotel and Tourism Management,MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAKHaryana- 124001 INDIA Ph. No. 09996000499email: [email protected] , [email protected] linkedin:-in.linkedin.com/in/ihmsunilkumarfacebook:www.facebook.com/ihmsunilkumarwebpage: chefsunilkumar.tripod.comcarpets

carpetsCarpets are often referred as soft floorings / grass floor coverings.They can be categorized by their construction , patterns & types of yarn used.A good carpeted floor usually enhances look & appearance of your premises .

USE OF CARPETSGIVES PERSONALITY TO WORK PLACE RANGING FROM BOLD TO FORMAL.IN HOSPITALITY SETTINGS IT CAN PROVIDE DIRECTIONAL CLUES TO MOVE PEOPLE TO THE REGISTRATION COUNTERS OR ELEVATORS.IN HEALTHCARE DIVISON CARPETS CAN BE SOOTHING & EMOTIONAL HEALING.IT CAN BLOCK OUT SOUND IN A SCHOOL COMPUTER LABIN RETAIL, CARPETS ARE A WELCOME ADDITION.THE POPULARITY OF CARPETS HAS GROWN TREMENDOUSLY IN RESTAURANTS, HOTELS, OFFICES,SHOPS AS CARPETED FLOOR OFFERS COMFORT, INCREASES NOISE ABSORBANCY & HAS AN ASTHETIC APPEAL.

CARPET CONSTRUCTIONTHEY HAVE THREE COMPONENTS:

A) UNDERLAY/ PADDING

B) SECONDARY BACKING

C) PILE- (2 types) hard, looped

UNDERLAY & BACKING

CARPET PILES

Types of pilesPlush Pile carpets, where each tuft is cut at the same height, have long been admired for their luxurious good looks.

Twist pile . Is made by twisting two yarns

Loop Pile Each yarn remains in a loop, rather than being cut to create a tuftCut & loop piles combination of both cut & loop piles

TYPES OF CARPETS

Bonded carpets

CARPETS TYPESA) WOVEN CARPETS

b) NON-WOVEN CARPETS

WOOVEN CARPETSTHE HIGHEST QUALITY CARPETS ARE MADE BY THE WEAVING METHOD

It is produced on loom which is very similar to woven cloth

THEY ARE MADE FROM DIFFERENT COLOURED YARNS & ARE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING VERY INTRICATE PATTERNS

THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF CARPETS WILTON , AXMISTER, ORIENTAL

woven wilton carpets

Woven wilton carpetsWilton carpets MAY BE PRODUCED AS

PATTERENED-this are woven in a loom known as Jacquard2. PLAIN WILTON- they are made without the loom.3. CORD- they have an uncut pile4. BRUSSELS-they are patterned wilton that have an uncut pile.

PATTERNED CARPETS

Plain wilton carpets

cord

brussels

Axminster carpetAn Axminster carpet is woven.

Each individual yarn colour that goes to make up the carpet pattern is selected by a gripper and woven with the weft.

It is cut automatically to the required pile height.

An Axminster carpet provides quality, longevity and durability .

The quality of an axminster and the fact that a maximum of 12 colours can be used ensure that it is often the flooring of choice for prestigious buildings such as Royal residences, where durability and an element of luxury are simultaneously required.

typesAxminster carpet are of two types

Spool

gripper

AXMINSTER CARPETS CONTINUEDSPOOL AXMINISTER - THIS IS THE MOST POPULER ONE & CAN HAVE MANY COLOUR COMBINATION

GRIPPER AXMINISTER - HERE ONLY EIGHT COLOURS CAN BE USED.

spool

Gripper carpets

Difference between wilton & axminister Axminister like wilton carpet, is woven. However the difference between the two methods is the way in which the carpet is woven.The Axminster yarn is woven into each weft and then cut to the required pile height and then reinserted when that colour is needed again the Wilton carpet yarn is a continuous strand woven all the way through.

WOOVEN ORIENTAL CARPETSTYEY ARE HAND WOVENTHEIR ORIGIN IS FROM MIDDLE -EAST,& INDIAN SUBCONTINENTS BASED ON COUNTRY ORIGIN THEY ARE CALLED INDIAN ,AFGHAN, PERSIAN & SO ONTHET ARE BASED ON EITHER FLORAL DESINGSOR GEOMETRIC DESIGNSTHEY ARE DURABLE BUTCOSTLY

Countries producing carpets Afghan carpetsTurkish carpetsSpanish carpetsFrench carpetsEnglish carpetsOriental carpets

OTHER WOVEN CARPETS ARE:KNOTTED PILE - WEFT THREAD WILL ALTERNATE WITH A WEFT.

FLAT WEAVE - EXAMPLE ARE ORIENTAL CARPETS .

HOOKED RUG -IT IS A SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION OF RUG WHICH IS HAND MADEBY PULLING THREADS OF COTTON OR WOOLEN CLOTH.THIS TYPE OF RUG IS CALLED HANDICRAFTS.

Moquette woven carpetmoquette mean wall-to-wall carpeting. These textiles have a low pile and are thinner than hand knotted pile carpets. This form of carpeting, made as early as the 16th century, is constructed on a mechanized loom.

EMBROIDERED CARPETSUnlike woven carpets, embroidery carpets are not formed on a loom. Their pattern is established by the application of stitches to a cloth (often linen) base. The tent stitch ( is a type of an embroidery stitch) and the cross stitch are two of the most common. Embroidered carpets were traditionally made by royal and aristocratic women in the home, but there has been some commercial manufacture since steel needles were introduced.

NON WOOVENCARPETSTHIS CARPETS ARE PRODUCED BY ATTACHING THE SURFACE PILE TO A PRE FABRICATED BACKING.

THEY ARE OF 4 TYPES tufted, berber,flocked & knitted.

ECONOMICAL

NON WOVEN TUFTED CARPETSTHEY ARE AVAILABLE in PLAIN OR PATTERNED & ARE USUALLY MADE OF SYNTHETIC FIBRE WITH A BLEND OF WOOL.

THEY DO NOT FRAY & ARE CUT INTO ANY SHAPE.

This type of carpet is produced on a tufting machine using a single colour yarn .

Tufted carpetsTufted carpet is the more economical of the carpet producing methods. Unlike Axminster and Wilton carpet, a tufted carpet is produced by adding yarn onto a pre-existing backing using a special adhesive. This method is an extremely fast (one roll of Axminster might take 8 hours to make whereas one roll of tufted takes approx 1 hr) way of manufacturing carpet

Cut pile

Loop pile

NON WOOVEN BERBER CARPETS

HAVE NEUTRAL COLOURS SUCH AS WHITE, BEIGE , GREY DARK BROWN ETC.

Berber carpet is a type of weave of carpet, not a type of carpet. The fibers of this carpet can be made of wool, nylon, polyester.

NON WOVEN BONDED CARPETS NEITHER WOVEN NOR TUFTED.

THEY ARE GLUED OR HEAT-FUSED OR IN SOME WAY BONDED.

ECONOMICAL FLOOR COVERING.

THEY ARE OF 3 TYPES PILE BONDED--- ELECTROSTATICALLY FLOCKED, NEEDLE PUNCHED

BONDED CARPETS CONTINUED

PILE BONDED- PILE OF NYLON STUCK TO PVC.

ELECTROSTATICALLY FLOCKED (THOUSANDS OF SMALL FIBRES ARE ELECTROSTATICALLY BONED TO AN ADHESIVE COATED BACKING.)NEEDLE PUNCHED THE NEEDLE LOOM IS USED FOR BONDING.

Electro statically flocked. Electrostatics involves the buildup of charge on the surface of objects due to contact with other surfaces. It is the effect of charge exchange.Flocking is the process of depositing many small fiber particles (called "flock") onto a surface. It also refers to the texture produced by the process. ...Flocking is where short, chopped fiber or flock is adhered, usually by electrostatic processes, to a base fabric resulting in a very short pile material with a velvety texture. Flocked carpet resembles velour. Flocked carpets are resilient and crush-resistant. A secondary backing material usually is applied to this structure, adding body and dimensional stability. A few flocked carpets are made for bedrooms and bathrooms, but the majority is used in vehicles: cars, planes, and buses.

Needle punchNeedle-punched carpeting is made by felting needles into a center fabric. This forms a flat fabric like carpet mainly used for indoor-outdoor carpeting, artificial grass surfaces, and some carpet tiles. Needle-punched carpet can be printed, flocked or embossed. Different textural effects, can be attained by mixing fiber and angling the needle in various ways. A coating of weather-resistant latex or similar material is applied to the back

other types of carpets are:Saxony Plush/ velvetFriezeCut & loop pilesCut pile Loop pile

Students activity : to find out about the above mentioned carpets.

Other carpets (which gets their name from the origin countries)TurkishSpanish French English

Students to search details of the above mentioned carpets

SELECTION OF CARPETSSIZEPURPOSECOSTAVAILIBILTYTRANSPORTATIONPILE TYPE-DENSITY& WEIGHTPILE FIBREREPUTATION OF THE DEALERAESTHETICS-COLOUR, TEXTURE ETC.

RESILIENCE-( ability of the pile to return to its original appearance)

DYEING

BACKING

PADDING

INSTALLATION

NEED FOR CARPET CARECARPETS ATTRACTS DUST & DEBRIS.WHEN WET CARPETS GIVES OUT BAD ODOUR & CAN HARBOUR MOULDS.PROPER CARPET CARE CAN SUPPORT GREEN CLEANING & HELP IMPROVE INDOOR AIR QUALITY.KEEPING THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT DRY IS ESSENTIAL FOR HYGIENE .

Demand for carpet cleaningUsually carpet cleaning services are outsourced.Daily cleaning is done by HK Dept. & deep cleaning is given to specialised companies.With increasing awareness carpet users are laying stress on professional cleaning.

Students should find out at least 5 names of such outsourced companies.

Preparation before cleaningCollect all equipments & chemicals.Block the area. Remove furnitures.

Frequency of cleaning Daily Cleaning (routine maintenance) - superficial cleaning which includes daily vacuuming of areas at regular intervals. Weekly Cleaning- will include spot cleaning . Monthly Cleaning ( periodic maintenance) - deep cleaning programs.

Deep Cleaning

ShampooingHot water extraction method / steam extractionDry foam methodDry powdering methodBonnet cleaning method

Carpet shampooing

Carpets are Shampooed with Machine uniformly. All stains are removed using detergents and spotting techniques.Spray shampoo solution or pre-spray carpet to moisten the surface.

Carpets

Carpet shampooCarpet shampoo is a specially-formulated liquid detergent compound used to clean carpets and rugs. Carpet shampoo is often used in conjunction with a rotary-style carpet cleaning machine or a cylindrical model which uses compressed air to generate foam before agitation. The general idea of using carpet shampoo is to create a thick foam which will attract and suspend dirt particles scrubbed out of the carpet pile. Once this dirty foam has dried, the residue can be cleaned away.

Wet Extractiona hot water cleaning solution is forced into the carpet and then sucked out of the carpet. This method is also referred to as steam cleaning even though stream is not used. Some of the disadvantages of wet extraction are overwetting, shrinking, streaking, stretched carpet, color changes, mold/mildew. The carpet may take 8 hours to 3 days to dry, depending on humidity.The second carpet cleaning method is called dry extraction / dry foam method..

Dry foam methodWhen a carpet cleaner uses dry-foam, he applies shampoo to your carpet, allows it to dry, and then sucks the dried shampoo into a vacuum. This method can leave a residue in your carpet, which is one reason dry foam is not very effective.

Bonnet cleaningThis is another method similar to 'Shampoo'.

Bonnet cleaning employs an absorbent pad ('bonnet') attached to the bottom of a rotary machine.

Detergent solution is sprayed onto the carpet ad the rotary pad is used to agitate and remove the soil suspended in the solution from the carpet.

Once one side of the pad gets soiled, the sides can be reversed. And when both sides get soiled, the pad can be replaced and later cleaned.

dry powder methodIn the dry powder method, absorbent granules containing dry cleaning solvent are sprinkled over a section of carpet and worked into the pile by mechanical or hand brush. The dry cleaning solvent dissolves oils and greasy soil. These are then absorbed by the granules. When thoroughly dry, the carpet is vacuumed. A powerful vacuum is essential for total removal of cleaning granules.

Buying considerationsThere are certain primary things that one needs to keep in mind while carpet shopping.

Style - wall to wall carpeting requires a different material and style than an accent carpet or area rug. Material - Natural materials, such as wool, cotton and silk have much greater durability than synthetics. Traffic or the purpose of the carpet as per your lifestyle is another determining factor. Selecting the right dealer is as important for an authentic dealer practically tackles all these problems on his own and advises accordingly budget

Easy to clean & maintain

Maintenance cost should be reasonable

DESINGED BY Sunil KumarResearch Scholar/ Food Production FacultyInstitute of Hotel and Tourism Management,MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAKHaryana- 124001 INDIA Ph. No. 09996000499email: [email protected] , [email protected] linkedin:-in.linkedin.com/in/ihmsunilkumarfacebook:www.facebook.com/ihmsunilkumarwebpage: chefsunilkumar.tripod.com