Caring Model

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WATSONSTHEORY

SUSHEEWA W., MSN,

Ph.D.BCNNV


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Jean Watsons Theory

Jean Watsons Theory of Transpersonal Caring

also called Theory of Human Caring or The

Caring Model was developed in 1979.

It emphasizes the humanistic aspects of nursingin combination with scientific knowledge


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Human Caring Theory

The core principles of Human Caring Theory

(Watson, 2008, p. 34) are:

Practice of loving-kindness and equanimity

Authentic presence: enabling deep belief of other

Cultivation of ones own spiritual practice

beyond ego

Being the caring-healing environment

Allowing for miracles

Watson, J. (2008)


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Caring

Caring begins with being present,

open to compassion, mercy,

gentleness, loving-kindness, andequanimity toward and with self

before one can offer compassionate

care to others(Watson, 2008, p. xviii).


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Major Elements of caring model:

- Carative Factors

- Transpersonal caringrelationship

- Caring occasion/Caringmoment

Jean Watsons Theory:

Caring


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Comprised of 10 elements:

1. Humanistic-altruistic system of value

2. Faith-Hope3. Sensitivity to self and others

4. Helping-trusting, human care

relationship

5. Expressing positive and negative

feelings

Carative Factors


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10 elements (Con)

6. Creative problem-solving caring process

7. Transpersonal teaching-learning

8. Supportive, protective, and/or correctivemental, physical, societal and spiritual

environment

9. Human needs assistant10. Existential-phenomenological-spiritual

forces

(Watson, 1988b, p. 75)


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Transpersonal Caring

Relationship

This is a special kind of human care thatdepends on:- The nurses moral commitment in protectingand enhancing human dignity as well as thedeeper self

- The nurses caring consciousnesscommunicated to preserve and honor theembodied spirit, therefore not reducing the person

to a moralstatus of an object

- The nurses connection and having thepotential to heal since experience, perception,

and intentional connection are taking place


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Transpersonal Caring

Relationship

Describes how the nurse goes beyond the

objective assessmentto show concerning

toward the persons subjective/deeper

meaning of their healthcare situation.

Involves mutuality between the two

individuals involved


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Caring Occasion/Caring

Moment

The moment (focal point inspace and time) when the nurse

and another person cometogether in such a way that anoccasion for human caring is

created

(Watson, 1988b, 1999).


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Caring Occasion/Caring Moment

(Con)

Both the nurse and one who are being

cared can be influenced by the caring

moment

For example, The nurse enters the

patients room, a feeling of expectation is

created.


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Establish a caring relationship with patients

Treat patients as holistic beings (body, mind

and spirit)

Display unconditional acceptance

Treat patients with a positive regard

Promote health through knowledge and

intervention

Spend uninterrupted time with patients: caring

moments

According to Watson, the nurses role

is to:


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Nursing is based on the concept of care. Many

nurses around the world have adopted Jean

Watsons Caring Theory in their practice and

research.

Application of Watsons theory


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Professional Practice Model


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Quality Caring Model developed by Joanne Duffy, RN,

PhD.


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Sample of Carative factors

used

Carative factors used with postpartum

women experiencing multiple emotions

never pass judgments, provide all patients

with the same respect and level of care.

instill hope in the mothers that they will be

able to care for their babies and return to their

normal state of health.discuss the patients perceptions and feelings

towards their birthing/parenting experiences.


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discuss the patients perceptions and

feelings towards their birthing/parenting

experiences.

provide a trusting relationship where the

patient feels that you are committed to

helping them. Advocate for the patient.

enable the patient to discuss positive and

negative feelings concerning her current

healthcare/home situation.


used


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use creativity during teaching

opportunities and holistic treatments

involving pain management. (6 & 7)

ensure that their environment is

comfortable and enables them to get rest.

Ensure that the patients home

environment is safe for mother and babyupon return.


used


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help patients reach harmony (mind, body,

spirit) through holistic and caring

modalities. Promote mother-infant

bonding. Assess patients support system.(9&10)


used


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Carative factors used with patients

suffering Major Thalassemia

never pass judgments, provide all patients

with the same respect and level of care.

instill hope in the patients with Thalassemia

that they will get through this tough time, and

they will get through this situation and returnto their baseline health.


used


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used

discuss the patients feelings and perceptionsabout their quality of life and symptommanagement.

provide a trusting relationship where thepatient feels that you are committed tohelping them. Advocate for the patients asneeded.

enable the patient to discuss positive andnegative feelings concerning his/her currenthealthcare situation and come to a mutualagreement. Multidisciplinary rounding.


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used

use creativity during teaching

opportunities and holistic treatments

involving symptom management. Involve

family in teaching as much as possible.(6&7)

ensure that their environment is

comfortable and enables them to get rest.

S f C f


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used

help patients reach harmony (mind, body,

spirit) through holistic and caring

modalities. Initiate or continue palliative

care and assess patients support system.(9&10)


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Bibliography

Parker, M. (2001). Nursing theories and

nursing practice. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.

Watson, J. (2008). Nursing: The philosophy

and science of caring (Rev. ed.). Boulder, CO:University Press of Colorado.

Caring Model

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