Cardiovascular System The body’s transport system.

Cardiovascular System

The body’s transport system.

Cardiovascular System

3 main parts:

heart

blood vessels

blood

1. The HEART

The pump that moves the blood through the body.

brings O2 and food to cells

removes cell wastes and CO2 from cells

1. The HEART

Valves stop blood from flowing backwards.

1. The HEART

Path of blood flow:

Cells of the Body

↓Right side of Heart

↓Lungs

↓Left side of the heart

↓Cells of the Body

2. The blood vessels

Artery– carries blood away from the heart

RBCs carry O2

Vein– carries blood to the heart from the cells

RBCs carry CO2

Capillary– connects arteries to veins– microscopic

– where CO2 and O2 are exchanged

3. The blood

Has several things in it:

3. The blood

A. Plasma

Liquid part of the blood

95% water

Has dissolved food and body chemicals

Blood cells float in the plasma

3. The blood

B. Red blood cells (RBCs)

Contains hemoglobin which

holds onto the O2 or CO2

3. The blood

C. White blood cells (WBCs)

Seek and destroy invading organisms (bacteria) and particles (viruses) that could cause disease.

3. The blood

D. Platelets

Cell pieces that help blood clot and thus stop bleeding.

3. The blood

E. Antibodies

Chemicals that help WBCs identify foreign invaders

3½. Blood types

A, AB, B, and O

4 Basic Blood Types

Blood types are determined by what chemical (called an antigen) on the surface of the RBC.

• A = Has A antigen• B = Has B antigen• AB = Has A and B antigens• O = has neither antigen

TO MIX or NOT MIXBody makes antibodies against antigens

that are not on its own RBCs

Type A, antibody Bcan receive A, O

Type B, antibody Acan receive B, O

Type AB, no antibodiescan receive A, B, AB, O: universal recipient

Type O, antibody A & Bcan receive O; universal donor

DISEASES

Cardiovascular diseases (“heart disease”) kill more Americans than any other disease.

Data is for the U.S. in 2007

 Number of deaths for leading causes of death

Heart disease: 616,067 Cancer: 562,875

Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 135,952 Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 127,924 Accidents (unintentional injuries): 123,706

Alzheimer's disease: 74,632 Diabetes: 71,382

Flu and Pneumonia: 52,717 Kidney disease: 46,448

Septicemia: 34,828

Cause Percent of Total

1. Diseases of the heart 28.5

2. Malignant tumors 22.8

3. Cerebrovascular diseases 6.7

4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases

5.1

5. Accidents (unintentional injuries)

4.4

6. Diabetes mellitus 3.0

7. Influenza and pneumonia 2.7

8. Alzheimer's disease 2.4

9. Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis

1.7

10. Septicemia (blood poisoning) 1.4

11. Suicide 1.3

12. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis

1.1

13. Primary hypertension and hypertensive renal disease

0.8

14. Parkinson's disease (tied) 0.7

15. Homicide (tied) 0.7 Source: CDC/NHS, National Vital Statistics System

DISEASES

Cardiovascular diseases (“heart disease”) kill more Americans than any other disease.

The major cause of heart diseases isAtherosclerosis-

“hardening of the arteries”when fatty deposits build up inside of blood vessels and block

blood flow

The big CVS killers, tied to atherosclerosis, are:1. Heart attack-

an artery to the heart is blocked and cardiac muscle dies.

2. Stroke- a vessel in the brain is blocked or breaks

open.3. High Blood Pressure (hypertension)-

causes kidney or heart damage.

Other killers are:4. Leukemia-

a cancer that stops RBC and WBC production5. Hemophilia-

a person can’t form blood clots(and can bleed to death easily)