Cardiovascular Cardiovascular System System Chapter 7 Chapter 7
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Cardiovascular Cardiovascular SystemSystem
Chapter 7Chapter 7
Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular Systemthe Cardiovascular System
angi/o angiogramvas/o vasospasmvascul/o vascular
aort/o aortic
Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular Systemthe Cardiovascular System
arteri/o arteriosclerosis
ather/o atheroma
atri/o atrioventricular
Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular Systemthe Cardiovascular System
cardi/o cardiology
coron/o coronary
my/o myocardial
Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular Systemthe Cardiovascular System
pector/o pectoralsteth/o stethoscope
sphygm/o sphygmomanometer
thromb/o thrombocyte
Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular Systemthe Cardiovascular System
ven/o venousphleb/o phlebitis
varic/o varicosis
Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Cardiovascular Systemthe Cardiovascular System
ventricul/o ventricular
Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular System OverviewOverview
Consists of the heart and blood vessels
The heart pumps blood throughout the body
Blood vessels transport blood throughout the body
The HeartThe Heart
Muscular Organ
Hollow interior
Pumps blood throughout the body
Four chambers Upper chambers
Lower chambers
Structure of the HeartStructure of the Heart
Four Chambers Right atrium (upper chamber)
Left atrium (upper chamber)
Right ventricle (lower chamber)
Left ventricle (lower chamber)
Septum — divides heart into right and left portions Interatrial septum — separates the atria
Interventricular septum — separates the ventricles
Structure of the HeartStructure of the Heart
Valves — Open and close with the heartbeat to maintain one-way flow of blood through the heart tricuspid valve — located between right atrium
and right ventricle
mitral (bicuspid) valve — located between left atrium and left ventricle
pulmonary semilunar valve — opening from right ventricle to pulmonary artery
aortic valve — located between left ventricle and aorta
(continued)(continued)
Layers of the HeartLayers of the Heart
endocardium membrane that lines the interior cavities of the
heart
myocardium Thick, muscular layer
epicardium Outer membrane
Pericardium is the loose, protective sac that surrounds and encloses the heart
Structures of the HeartStructures of the Heart
Blood VesselsBlood Vessels
arteries vessels that carry blood from the heart to
arterioles
aorta large artery branching from the left ventricle
arterioles small vessels receive blood from the arteries
Blood VesselsBlood Vessels
capillaries tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules
venules small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries
into the veins
veins vessels that carry blood to the heart from the
venules
(continued)(continued)
Coronary ArteriesCoronary Arteries
Blood and Lymph CirculationBlood and Lymph Circulation
ArteriesArteries
VeinsVeins
Blood PressureBlood Pressure
Force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the arteries, veins and heart chambers
Determined by the volume of blood, the space within the arteries and arterioles, and the force of the heart contractions
Blood Pressure TermsBlood Pressure Terms
diastole period in the cardiac cycle when blood enters the
relaxed ventricles from the atria
systole period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is in
contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta and pulmonary artery
normotension normal blood pressure
Blood Pressure TermsBlood Pressure Terms
hypotension low blood pressure
hypertension high blood pressure
(continued)(continued)
Blood Pressure DeterminationBlood Pressure Determination
Conditions Causing Reduction Conditions Causing Reduction of Blood Flowof Blood Flow
Types of AneurysmsTypes of Aneurysms
Coronary Artery DiseaseCoronary Artery Disease
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