EXPOSING HARMFUL INGREDIENTS IN DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS EXPOSING HARMFUL INGREDIENTS IN DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS NOT THE FIRST TIME: NSF researchers have found potentially harmful compounds in supplements on four occasions. 2016 2014 2013 2013 Oxilofrine DMBA DMAA DEPEA PHARMACOLOGIC EFFECTS SIMILAR TO DMAA AND EPHEDRINE Researchers at NSF International recently identified unlabeled DMAA-like stimulants in over-the-counter weight-loss and pre-workout products currently available worldwide. 1 Game Day Infrared 2-aminoisoheptane Simply Skinny Pollen Cannibal Ferox AMPED Triple X Gold Star Chaos and Pain Bee Fit with Trish Chaos and Pain Gold Star MAN Sports Octodrine 1,3-DMAA* 1,4-DMAA 1,3-DMAA* 1,4-DMAA 1,3-DMBA* 1,4-DMAA Product Manufacturer Unapproved Compounds *Previously found to be unlawful dietary ingredient by the U.S. FDA Products Tested 2-AMINOISOHEPTANE A. KUSNEZOFFII © 2017 NSF International. All rights reserved. 1 Four experimental stimulants found in sports and weight-loss supplements: 2-amino-6-methylheptane (octodrine), 1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) and 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA). Clinical Toxicology. www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15563650.2017.1398328. 2 Potentially Harmful Adulterant Called N,alpha-diethylphenylethylamine (N,a-DEPEA) Found in a Dietary Supplement. NSF International website. www.nsf.org/newsroom/emerging-and-potentially-harmful-adulterant-depea-found-in-supplements. Accessed June 5, 2017. 3 DMAA in Dietary Supplements. U.S. Food and Drug Administration website. www.fda.gov/food/dietarysupplements/productsingredients/ucm346576.htm. Accessed June 5, 2017. 4 DMBA in Dietary Supplements. U.S. Food and Drug Administration website. www.fda.gov/food/dietarysupplements/productsingredients/ucm444719.htm. Accessed June 5, 2017. 5 Scientists at NSF International say oxilofrine could be disguised or unlisted on the label and pose serious health risks to consumers. NSF International website. www.nsf.org/newsroom/unapproved-ephedrine-like-stimulant-oxilofrine-found-in-14-dietary-suppleme. Accessed June 5, 2017. 6 Supplements and Health: Sorting the Facts. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health website. https://theforum.sph.harvard.edu/events/supplements-and-health. Accessed June 5, 2017. DMAA DMBA ILLEGAL INGREDIENTS 1,4-DMAA Octodrine UNAPPROVED INGREDIENTS HIDDEN STIMULANTS: WHAT ARE THE RISKS? DEPEA – Risk of heart attack. 2 DMAA – Elevated blood pressure and cardiovascular problems. 3 DMBA – Risk of heart attacks, seizures and neurological conditions. 4 Oxilofrine – Nausea and vomiting, tachycardia, chest pain and cardiac arrest. 5 CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS INCREASE WHEN PRODUCTS COMBINED WITH CAFFEINE OR EXERCISE. High-Risk Categories of Supplements 6 Weight loss Pre-workout Muscle building Sexual performance HOW TO CHOOSE SAFER DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Avoid products containing “2-aminoisoheptane” or “Aconitum kusnezoffii” Look for the NSF mark on certified dietary supplements “2-aminoisoheptane” and “Aconitum kusnezoffii” appear to be new disguises for illegal and unapproved synthetic stimulants. 1 DISGUISING HARMFUL INGREDIENTS DMAA Octodrine DMBA 1,4-DMAA 2-aminoisoheptane 2-aminoisoheptane NSF-CERTIFIED PRODUCTS ARE: Tested to verify product formulation and label claims. Tested for harmful levels of specific contaminants and fraudulent ingredients. Produced in manufacturing facilities that are inspected twice a year to comply with U.S. FDA Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs). Unapproved stimulants found in products containing “2-aminoisoheptane” and “Aconitum kusnezoffii.” A New DMAA Analog 1,4-DMAA appears to be a novel compound never tested on humans. This newly identified compound is similar to the stimulant DMAA. NSF’s research team sees no evidence that 2-aminoisoheptane is a legitimate dietary ingredient derived from plants. 1 Aconitum kusnezoffii