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Exploring Models of Effective Primary and Secondary e-Learning

Michael K. BarbourAssistant Professor

Wayne State University

History of Primary & Secondary Distance Education in North America

History of Primary & SecondaryE-Learning in North America

E-Learning Environment

T = Teacher F = Facilitator/proctor A =Administrator/Guidance

S = Student P = Parent IT = Technology Coordinator

Virtual School Designer: Course Development•design instructional materials•works in team with teachers and a virtual

school to construct the online course, etc.

Virtual School Teacher: Pedagogy & Class Management•presents activities, manages pacing,

rigor, etc.•interacts with students and their

facilitators•undertakes assessment, grading, etc.

Virtual School Site Facilitator: Mentoring & Advocating•local mentor and advocate for student(s)•proctors & records grades, etc.

Davis (2007)

Three Roles of E-Learning Teachers

• Serve as the local “eyes and ears” for the online instructor

• Track student progress

• Communicate with the online instructor, school administration and parents

• Address any concerns to staff and the help desk

• Assign final grade to the student after the percentile score is submitted by the online instructor

• Help student stay on track and successfully progress through the course

Importance of the School-Based Personnel

Teacher Education Goes Into Virtual Schooling (Iowa State University)

http://ctlt.iastate.edu/~tegivs/TEGIVS/homepage.html

Teacher Education Goes Into Virtual Schooling (Iowa State University)

http://ctlt.iastate.edu/~tegivs/TEGIVS/homepage.html

Supporting K-12 Online Learning in Michigan (Wayne State University)

http://itlab2.coe.wayne.edu/it6230/michigan/

E-Learning Environment

Importance of the Learning Coach

• Performs the oversight function

• Assists with student motivation

• Encourages student to seek help

• Regular access with online instructor and to learning management system

E-Learning Environment

• Often use database-driven courses

• Presence of subject matter teachers in lab space

- also perform motivational and oversight role

• Lab space generally open non-traditional hours

• Students have required lab time

- can earn more unsupervised time

Characteristics of Successful e-Learners

• Self-motivated

• Independent learner

• Computer literate

• Time management

• Effective writing skills

• Personal commitment

Educational Success Prediction Instrument

• Access to and expertise with computers

• Organization and self-regulation

• Beliefs about achievement

• Responsibility

• Risk-taking

Roblyer, M. D., Davis, L., Mills, S. C., Marshall, J., & Pape, L. (2008) Toward practical procedures for predicting and promoting success in virtual school students. American Journal of Distance Education, 22(2), 90–109.

WhatElseDoWeKnowfromtheResearch?

DifficultywithPrimaryandSecondaryE‐LearningResearch

OnlineCourseDesign

Barbour(2005;2007)

7principlesofeffec<veonlinecoursecontentforadolescentlearners

Interviewswithteachersandcoursedevelopersatasinglevirtualschool,withnoverifica<onofwhethertheinterviewees’percep<onswereactuallyeffec<veoranystudentinputatallforthatmaHer.

OnlineTeaching

DiPietroetal.(2008)

37bestprac<cesinasynchronousonlineteaching

Interviewswithteachersatasinglevirtualschoolselectedbythevirtualschoolitself.Theirteachers’beliefswerenotvalidatedthroughobserva<onoftheteachingorstudentperformance.

WhatWeDoKnow

TeachersandTeachingMaAer• Providingforma<veevalua<on(d=0.90)

• Microteaching(d=0.88)

• Teacherclarity(d=0.75)

• Providingfeedback(d=0.73)

• Teacher‐studentrela<onships(d=0.72)

• Teachingstrategies(d=0.60)

• Coopera<vevs.individualis<clearning(d=0.59)

• Studyskills(d=0.59)

• Directinstruc<on(d=0.59)

• Masterylearning(d=0.58)

• Workedexamples(d=0.57)

• Conceptmapping(d=0.57)

• Goals(d=0.56)

• Peertutoring(d=0.55)

• Coopera<vevs.compe<<velearning(d=0.54)

Two Key Points• Introducing

technology alone is never enough.

• Big gains in productivity come when new technologies are combined with new ways of doing business.

Two Key Points• Introducing

technology alone is never enough.

• Big gains in education come when new technologies are combined with new ways of teaching.