Canoe the Open Content Rapids

Canoe the

Dorothea SaloUniversity of Wisconsin

21 October 2009

Open Content Rapids

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/3336/142845984/

You’ve heard this too, right?

•“My students are doing digital storytelling. I tell them to go to Google Images and use what they find there. How should I tell them to credit the creator?”

ARGH.

A word about ©• (speaking only about the US)

•A limited monopoly granted by federal law• over “original works of authorship” that are “fixed in a tangible medium of

expression”*

• ‘To promote the progress of science and the useful arts’

•Life of author + 70 years; 95 years corporate

*yes, the Internet counts as “tangible” for copyright purposesPhoto: http://www.flickr.com/photos/3336/1487072348/

Copyright permits...

•Copying for certain socially-approved uses• Scholarship• Parody/satire• Library preservation (“section 108”)• Classroom use (“the TEACH Act”)

•Limited copying for other reasons: “fair use”

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/molajen/2920869292/

What can you do with your copyright?

•Sell it, in whole or in part.

•Sign it away without payment.• For the most part, this is what faculty do with their journal articles.

•License it• for broad or narrow purposes• temporarily or permanently• “exclusive”ly or non-• free or for compensation

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dok1/3745228935/

Fair use

•Possibly the least-understood concept in copyright!

•An “affirmative defense” in a copyright lawsuit.

•Principles and guidelines, not hard-and-fast rules.

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ktylerconk/3719425068/

Four-factor fair use test

•Character of the use

•Nature of the work•Amount of the work copied

•Effect on the market for that work, if everybody did what you’re doing

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/calliope/909753159/

The public domain

Google Books!

•All the legal wrangling is about orphan works.

•Public-domain books will be freely available through Google and Hathi.

•Enjoy!

Building the digital public domain

•Musopen: http://www.musopen.com/

•Flickr Commons: http://flickr.com/commons

•Project Gutenberg: http://www.gutenberg.org/

Government documents

Three cheers for the feds!

•Work produced by federal employees in the course of their jobs is in the public domain.

• Unless it’s confidential or something, of course.

•This means more than text!

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/opalsson/3089698096/

The Cod of Ethics...

from the US Fish and Wildlife Service:http://www.fws.gov/digitalmedia/

Logo design by Steve Lawson.

http://nasaimages.org/

Open Access

Open Access Literature“Open-access (OA)

literature is digital, online,

free of charge, and free of

most copyright and licensing

restrictions.” —Peter Suber

PEER-REVIEWED LITERATURE

01010101O1P0E1N0101D0A1T0A10101010

Gray Literature

Free CultureSocial Software

“Web 2.0”

Digital Libraries

Green Open Access

•“Self-archiving”

•Institutional and disciplinary repositories

•arXiv: arxiv.org

•SSRN: ssrn.com

•MINDS@UW: minds.wisconsin.edu

Gold Open Access

•Open-access publishing

•No subscription fees, no cost to access

•First journals, now books too!

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/n-o-n-o/3243731111/

Open access “mandates”Faculty

Funders

Libraries!

Finding OA materials

•OAIster• http://oaister.org/ • Soon to become part of WorldCat

•Directory of Open Access Journals• http://doaj.org/

•Google and Google Scholar

Happy OA Week!

Open Educational Resources

Open courses

•MIT Open CourseWare• http://ocw.mit.edu/• Nearly 2000 courses!

•Open Learn from the Open University• http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/home.php

•Stanford Engineering Everywhere• http://see.stanford.edu/

•Try the OCW Finder!• http://ocwfinder.com/

Open learning materials•OER Commons

• http://www.oercommons.org/• K-12 and college-level

•MERLOT• College-level• http://www.merlot.org/merlot/index.htm• Pointers to external resources

•Try the ODEPO directory!• http://opened.creativecommons.org/ODEPO

Creative Commons

Creative Commons•What if you want people to reuse your

stuff?• You could grant it to the public domain...• ... but then anybody can do anything with it.

•Creative Commons is a middle ground.• Licensing copyrighted works to all comers for reuse!• Under certain conditions...

•http://creativecommons.org/

CC license provisions

•BY: Must attribute to creator.• On all CC licenses except CC0 (public domain dedication)

•ND: No derivative works.•NC: Non-commercial use only.

•SA: Share-alike• Release your new work under the same license.

•These can be combined!

Where to find CC-licensed works

• Images: Flickr• Has its own CC search, or use• Flickr Storm: http://www.zoo-m.com/flickr-storm/• GREAT source of legally-usable images for your projects and your

students’ projects!

•Music: ccMixter• http://ccmixter.org/• Also see http://incompetech.com/ (yes, really)• Jamendo: http://www.jamendo.com/en/

Or look through...•“30+ Places to Find Creative Commons

Media”• http://www.sitepoint.com/blogs/2009/04/30/30-creative-

commons-sources/

•“25+ Sources for Creative Commons Content”

• http://mashable.com/2007/10/27/creative-commons/

•“Copyright Friendly Image Sources”• http://teacherlibrarianwiki.pbworks.com/Copyright+Friendly

+Image+SourcesPhoto: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattsheppard/109623841/

Compendium ofopen images!

•http://teacherlibrarianwiki.pbworks.com/Copyright+Friendly+Image+Sources

• Government sources• CC sources• Public-domain sources

Add to the rapids!

Do not be this!

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mrpattersonsir/47072047/

Digitization

•Do not engage in copyfraud!• If it’s public domain, digitization does not re-copyright it.

•Make reuse rights or licenses clear.•Use Creative Commons licenses

(including CC0) whenever possible!• Join Flickr Commons

•Think about digitization when you accept unpublished materials.

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/schex/193912573/

Publication

•Open access starts at home!• We look bad when we tout open access to faculty and then

don’t practice it ourselves.

•Read your next publication agreement. Amend it if necessary.

•UW System: use MINDS@UW!• And encourage your colleagues and your faculty to use it.

•Activism!• http://taxpayeraccess.org/

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/butterflysha/135659489/

Outreach

•Tell people about Creative Commons.• Great for classroom needs!• Instead of being copyright cop, be Creative Commons advocate!

•Credit visibly so that you can field questions.

•Never ask permission when open content will do!

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/gaetanlee/159588834/

Thank you!

This presentation is licensedunder a Creative Commons 3.0

Attribution license.

Paddle on!

Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/binaryape/3314036576/