LLOYDLUNA DigestCampus Journalism in the Philippines: Mind the
Gap
By Lloyd A. LunaNetwork of Campus Journalists of the
PhilippinesWebsite: www.lloydluna.comMobile: +639186258951
The dramatic growth and transition of campus journalism in the
Philippines has been a big story recently. The Philippines today
has tens of thousands of young writers who write for the school
newspapers and become the most fragile components that are prone to
corruption and harassment
Despite the existence of Republic Act 7079 otherwise known as
the Campus Journalism Act of 1991 provided for the development of
campus journalism, about 30% of the operating campus publications
in Metro Manila alone are not technically capable of producing
well-verse and quality newspapers; 25-40% cannot exercise press
freedom because of threat from the school administration; another
30-40% is involved in radical activism.
Do these figures mean that Campus Journalism in the Philippines
has truly joined the good-to-nothing sectors of the society? Can
these be one of the reasons why there is corruption in Philippine
media? Or do these scenarios connote immature exercise of the
freedom of expression? Do these numbers indicate campus media going
backwards?
The new NCJP Report, Campus Journalism in the Philippines: Mind
the Gap, shows that behind the what is known, another interesting
story is unfolding a rising neglect and priority gap between school
papers and school administration and the non-political groups
revolving around it with serious implications for development in
Philippine media.
Consider the following:
By the end of 2005, another 20-30% of the total existing
publication today will be closed In all parts of the country,
non-mandatory collection of publication fee may be implemented in
more than 100 schools In the National Capital Region, 35-45% may
still exist through advertisement revenues In Northern Luzon,
roughly 10-20% may not be supported by the school administration;
in the Visayas, 15-25% and in Mindanao 20-30%
Has the Philippines entered the not-so-good quality media arena
with a bang? After all, rising number of depressed campus
publications indicate drifting, discouraging national media trends
where communications play a vital role.
Blipping off the Radar: The Need for Focus
On the surface of the gloomy circumstances may look like a
worsening story. But when some student leaders and campus editors
find an opportunity to unite and move for proactive approach in
solving some miseries, a number of NGOs and concerned groups have
reasons to be interested, particularly those covering business,
economics, print media and information and Communications
Technologies.
Still, the issue gains greater urgency in light of the growing
harassment cases of campus journalists. The ending of immature
battle between the school organs and the school administration is
meant to lead to more efficient services to the students and it
does so especially in the imperial Manila where unpredictable
tallies and protests are prevalent.
Some school administrations dont see the very crucial role that
these young writers play. In the promotion of the development of
students, for example, campus papers do the talking. They act as
mirrors of the school as a whole as they portray the reflection of
the institution of learning. This simply means people outside the
campus consider these papers as references. Some of the
administrators lose sight of potentially serious long-term positive
impact that these papers can produce.
Campus Publications and Development
Why is campus journalism an important issue? Simply because
communication in its very essence is central to development.
Campus Publications are vital tools for the development of the
school not only for the administration but also for the students
and every other personnel working in the institution. In a national
perspective, student publications have become a major effective
tool of communication while the country is yet to liberate in the
Information Society. Something few schools can afford to do without
whether in private or public schools.
Students need channels of communication for a variety of
reasons, including access to education, information, livelihood and
probable employment ahead of their schooling to mobilize its
community members and maintain connections and social networks and
to actively participate in democratic politics.
The Old Ways
Prior to Marcos regime when the Martial Law was implemented,
newspapers were shutdown. The only channel that nationalists can
use were student publications. The Philippine Collegian was known
to be most courageous school paper that went against the government
along with other member publications of the College Editors Guild
of the Philippines.
But after those days are gone, it seems that student
publications are still living the old ways. Sour-grapping and
culture of bitterness remain to be a barrier that separates
administration and publication. Students show that more than 30
percent of the total school organs are in disparity.
Misunderstanding often results to radical activism, rallies,
chaotic campus politics, sensationalized journalism.
What are we called to do
Campus journalist should act in accordance to the challenge of
his time. Modern roadblocks need modern-day solutions. Instead of
focusing on projects and programs that are national in nature, why
not reach the grassroots and localize actions.
Grassroots media training means empowerment of journalists down
the line. It means a boost to their morale and spirit to focus on
their strength and plans for their communities. Through this, they
would realize their potentials as potent tools in community
building rather than radical activism and sensationalism.
Projects to be implemented
1. Regional/Provincial Leadership Congress for Campus
Journalists2. Kapihan, roundtable forum of writers (school level,
consortium, municipal, provincial)3. Semestral journalism training
(per publication)4. Forge partnership with local newspapers (OJT,
practicum, and experience sourcing)5. Values formation/team
building workshop6. Regional/Provincial competitions ( as per RA
7079 to be requested to CHED)7. Organize campus journalists
exchange programs8. Mobilize campus journalists at immersion
programs to tackle community concerns rather than national issues9.
Organize dialogue with community leaders, local government
officials and NGOs to get first hand information10.
Coordinate/network programs with neighbor publications and local
NCJP chapters
---The author is an outstanding Filipino Youth Leader awarded by
the President of the Republic of the Philippines and presently
works as Founding Chairman and CEO of the Network of Campus
Journalists of the Philippines [CampusJournalism.com].
Journalists Code of Ethics (Philippines)Formulated by Philippine
Press Institute and National Press Club1. I shall scrupulously
report and interpret the news, taking care not to suppress
essential facts or to distort the truth by omission or improper
emphasis. I recognise the duty to air the other side and the duty
to correct substantive errors promptly.2. I shall not violate
confidential information or material given me in the exercise of my
calling.3. I shall resort only to fair and honest methods in my
effort to obtain news, photographs and/or documents, and shall
properly identify myself as a representative of the press when
obtaining any personal interview intended for publication.4. I
shall refrain from writing reports which will adversely affect a
private reputation unless the public interest justifies it. At the
same time, I shall fight vigorously for public access to
information.5. I shall not let personal motives or interests
influence me in the performance of my duties; nor shall I accept or
offer any present, gift or other consideration of a nature which
may cast doubt on my professional integrity.6. I shall not commit
any act of plagiarism.7. I shall not in any manner ridicule, cast
aspersions on, or degrade any person by reason of sex, creed,
religious belief, political conviction, cultural and ethnic
origin.8. I shall presume persons accused of crime of being
innocent until proven otherwise. I shall exercise caution in
publishing names of minors and women involved in criminal cases so
that they may not unjustly lose their standing in society.9. I
shall not take unfair advantage of fellow journalists.10. I shall
accept only such tasks as are compatible with the integrity and
dignity of my profession, invoking the conscience clause when
duties imposed on me conflict with the voice of my conscience.11. I
shall comport myself in public or while performing my duties as
journalist in such manner as to maintain the dignity of my
profession. When in doubt, decency should be my watch word.Be
Sociable, Share!
English News Writing Exercise: Philippines for APEC2015Posted
onSeptember 10, 2012Heres an exercise for news writing in
english.INSTRUCTIONS: Write a news article based on the following
facts. Write an appropriate headline for your article. The
Philippines will host the APEC Summit in 2015. We welcome the offer
of the Peoples Republic of China, the Philippines, and Peru to host
APEC in 2014, 2015, and 2016 respectively, said the 2012
Vladivostok Leaders Declaration. We welcome the invitation from the
President of Indonesia to meet again in Bali in 2013, it added. The
21 APEC members agreed to end by 2015 raising new barriers for the
following: investment, trade in goods & services, imposing new
export restrictions, implementing the World Trade Organization
(WTO) measures with effects to protect members in the face of the
global economic downturn. For food security, APEC member economies
reaffirmed its commitment to a 10% improvement in supply-chain
performance by 2015, in terms of reduction of time, cost, and
uncertainty of moving goods and services through the Asia-Pacific
region. The representatives of the summit had a sumptuous dinner
with Cornish Crab Salad on Lemon Blini, Pressed Duck Terrine with
Fruit Chutney, Roulade of Goat Cheese with Caramelized Walnuts,
Assortment of Palmiers and Cheese Straws, Scottish Smoked Salmon
Rose on Beetroot Blini, Miniature Watercress and Asparagus Tart and
Quail Eggs with Celery Salt. The environment was given focus with
the leaders expressing concern on trafficking of endangered and
protected wildlife species. A commitment was directed at
strengthening efforts in combating illegal trade of environmental
resources. Other commitments for strengthening are as follows:
drive against terrorism; improve travel and tourism for job
creation and disaster management. Members of the APEC are
Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong,
Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand,
Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Taiwan,
Thailand, United States of America, and Vietnam. The news was
formally announced at the end of the 20th Asia Pacific Economic
Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders Meeting, Vladivostok,
Russia
Filipino News Writing Exercise: Smuggling ngmetalPosted
onSeptember 10, 2012Heres an exercise for news writing in
filipino.PANUTO: Sumulat ng isang balita, base sa mga sumusunod ng
detalye ng balita. Gawan ito ng ulo/headline. Nagreklamo ang mga
lokal ng manufacturer ng mga produktong bakal laban sa umanoy
talamak na pagpapalusot ng finished metal products Nagtataka ang
mga nagrereklamo kung paano nailusot ang mga steel rods sa presyong
mas mababa sa presyo ng scrap metals. Ang paliwanag ng Cebu Customs
sa mga nagrereklamo ay transaction value method ang ginamit para
malaman ang buwis at taripa sa mga imported products. Sa sistema ng
transaction value method tanging dokumento lang ng shipment na
nakalagay ang presyo at notaryado sa pinanggalingan ng produkto ang
kailangan. Pwedeng tanggapin na lamang ito ng customs collector
kahit na may iba pang prescribed BOC valuation methods and
references para ma-double check ang deklaradong presyo. Kung
seryoso ang BOC na sawatain ang technical smuggling, madali lang,
kung mahigpit nilang i-enforce ang Valuation Procedure o kaya dapat
i-cross reference yan sa Metal Bulletin Weekly, Steel Business
Briefing of London o MySteel ng China kung saan makikita ang tamang
presyo ng bakal o metal, sabi ng tagapagsalita ng mga nagrereklamo.
Ang reklamo ay nagmula sa Philippine Iron and Steel Institute at
Galvanized Iron Wire Manufacturing Association at ipinarating kina
Department of Finance (DOF) Sec. Cesar Purisima at Bureau of
Customs (BOC) Commissioner Ruffy Biazon. Ang Philippine Iron and
Steel Institute at Galvanized Iron Wire Manufacturing Association
ay may annual sports festival kung saan nagsasama-sama ang lahat ng
mga miyembro mula sa buong bansa para makipagtagisan ng galing sa
ibat ibang isports tulad ng figure skating at gymnastics. Ang
inirereklamo ay isang kumpanya na naka-base sa Mandaue at mayroong
maliit na steel rolling plant. Ang kumpanya ay ang pangunahing
nag-aangkat ng finished steel products tulad ng smaller sized steel
wire rods na nirorolyo para maging reinforcing steel bars at
ibinebenta sa mga hardware store para sa mga maliliit na
construction projects. Ang reklamo ay nagmula sa mga local na
manufacturer ng mga steel products sa Cebu. Ang mga finished metal
products ay ibinebenta sa mas mababang halaga kaysa sa scrap
metal.
http://campusjournkuya.wordpress.com/2012/09/10/filipino-news-writing-exercise-smuggling-ng-metal/
Question Excerpt1.What is the Campus Journalism Act of the
Philippines?
A.Journalism Act of 1991
B.Journalism Act of 1981
C.Journalism Act of 1983
D.Journalism Act of 1993
2.It refers to the Press' duty of imparting events to our
society with a view to present them later on, in decent manner to
the society people.
A.Social Responsibility
B.Legal Responsibility
C.Professional Responsibility
3.It refers to the responsibility of a journalist to have
commitment in his work.
A.Professional Responsibility
B.Legal Responsibility
C.Social Reponsibility
4.It refers to a journalist's responsibility of not intervening
or inflicting to someone's privacy or confidential matter until it
is required to be brought notice to the public.
A.Legal Responsibility
B.Professional Responsbility
C.Social Responsibility
5.Make sure that the right facts are there and those facts are
right.
A.Accuracy
B.Bias
C.Context
6.Make sure to present all sides, arguments and opinions.
A.Fairness
B.Accuracy
C.Context
7."Never use the ideas, words and concepts of others without
giving credit to sources"- is one of the Campus Journalism don'ts.
It refers to:
A.Plagiarism
B.Bias
C.Sloppy Reporting
8.Don't report a story if you are not completely independent of
that story
A.Bias
B.Sloppy Reporting
C.Conflicts of interests
9.Never invent any characters, events or quotations in your
story
A.Bias
B.Deception
C.Sloppy Reporting
10.Don't offer news to your readers that are of irrelevant to
their interests and lives.
A.Poor News Judgment
B.Bias
C.Conflict
11.Bonus question: Who is the Chief Justice that is currently in
an Impeachment Trial?
A.Renato Corona
B.Ruben Corona
C.Ricardo Corona
12.Who was the ARROYO man who died last January 26 due to
Cardiac Arrest?
A.Mike Arroyo
B.Iggy Arroyo
C.Mikey Arroyo
13.Who is the current DEpEd Secretary of the Philippines?
A.Armin Luistro
B.Arwin Luistro
C.Alvin Luistro
14.What is the newest slogan of the Department of Tourism
A.It's more exciting in the Philippines
B.It's more fun in the Philippines
C.It's more enjoyable in the Philippines
15.Who is the current date of President NoyNoy?
A.TV Host Grace Lee
B.Beauty Queen Ma.Venus Raj
C.Actress Iza Calzado
In Campus Journalism: Editorial Writing Editorial write-ups
express facts and opinions in concise, logical, pleasing order for
the sake of entertaining or influencing opinion, or of interpreting
significant news on public issues or policies in such a way that
its importance to the average reader is made clear. They are
usually written in an elegant but understandable language.
Expressive of the papers stand on vital issues, the editorial is a
personal commentary written by any member of the editorial staff
who comments on issues relevant to the public. Its a critical
interpretation of significant, usually contemporary events so that
the readers will be informed, influenced, or entertained. Its the
voice of the paper, not of an individual editor. Moreover, it tries
to express the peoples conscience, cause, and convictions in
relation to prevalent issues and events.
Types of Editorial Editorial of Entertainmentaims to entertain.
Short and amusing, it espouses humor to suggest the truth.
Editorial of Informationseeks to give the facts unknown to the
readers, with minimum explanation. Mood Editorialwritten by two or
more editors from different newspapers which they publish
simultaneously in their respective papers. Pooled Editorialwritten
by two or more editors from different newspapers which they publish
simultaneously in their respective papers. Editorial of
Interpretationexplains the meaning of a news event, current idea,
theory, or conditions. Editorial of Commendation, Appreciation, or
Tributecommends a person or organization for worthwhile deeds
accomplishments. Editorial of Criticismpoints out both the good and
bad features of events or situations to influence the reader and to
suggest a solution. Editorial of Argumentation or Persuasionargues
in order to convince or persuade some people.
Characteristics of Editorial1. Forceful2. Brief3. Interesting4.
Clear5. Purposive6. Soundly Argumentative7. Influential8. Logical9.
Unified10. Direct11. Factual
Points to Observe in Writing the Editorial Dont sound too
moralistic Observe brevity in your sentences and paragraphs Use
impelling leads that could win the readers interest Keep the
editorial short Use we instead of I Develop only one specific idea
phrased in one sentence Relate the editorial to the readers lives
Dont dwell on generalities Write in simple, clear, direct and
forceful manner Accomplish your purpose Organize all data into
well-reasoned arguments Direct the editorial towards a consensus
Make the form and style agree with its content and purpose Ensure
its relevance to students, school, community and the country
Writing the Editorial The Introduction usually a short paragraph
containing the newspeg with the reaction.
Example: For our students to come out second in the
NSATregion-wide isa source of great prideand inspirationfor our
school.
Editorial Beginnings: A quotation relevant to the subject under
discussion A narrative illustrating the situation A striking
statement that grabs attention A question that opens the rooms for
discussion A simple statement
The Body may take two or three paragraphs that support, justify,
or elaborate the reaction or stand made in the introduction. The
Ending last paragraph otherwise known as punch line or clincher. It
summarizes the editorials stand.
Transcript of Campus Journalism: Writing the
EditorialCHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD EDITORIAL An editorial is an
article in a newspaper giving the editors view or those of the
person or persons in control of the paper. - A. Gayle Waldrop It is
the expression of the peoples conscience, cause, and conviction. -
Joseph Pulitzer The modern editorial includes analyses and
clarifications, sometimes with no opinion given. - Arthur Copper It
is the official stand of the paper on a relevant development or
issue. "The editorial should provide the background in which the
facts are seen in a new perspective and should express its
opinion." -Rufus Terral "Bitterness, bias, and fear have no place
in an editorial. They make for weakness no matter how much they
bluster." -William Allan White "It is a presentation of facts and
opinion in a concise, logical manner, or of interesting significant
news in such a way that its importance to the average reader will
be clear." -M. Lyle Spencer According to Reddick, there are three
qualities of a good editorial:
INTEREST BREVITY FORCE
A good editorial must: Have clearness of style Has moral purpose
Has sound reasoning Has the power to influence public opinion
>Lead logically to a conclusion>Present only one
idea>Avoid wordiness>Present the facts and not mere
opinion
In Campus Journalism: Sports Writing
Sports page is one of the most read sections of the newspaper
because it is filled with action and emotion of players who are
idolized by sports enthusiasts.
QUALITIES OF A GOOD SPORTS WRITER: Must be a sports enthusiast.
Must know the basic roles, strategies, team and players or team
records. Ability to take note quickly without missing the important
sequence of the play. Must be fair in reporting even if he has a
favourite team or player. Must observe accuracy in presenting
facts. Has wide knowledge on sports lingo.
QUALITIES OF SPORTS Basically, it answers the five Ws and one H.
It primarily describes the most thrilling and eventful part of the
game. It uses more colourful words, adjectives, figures of speech,
local color and longer sentences, which are not commonly used in
straight news. It uses special vocabulary called sports lingo.KINDS
OF SPORTS NEWS:1. Advance news it gives advance information in the
coming events. The following are the expected contents of the
advance news.a. Significance of the game.b. Historical background
of the game or event.c. Physical and mental qualities of the
athletes.d. Strengths and weaknesses of each player and team based
on their previous competitions.e. Venue of the event.f. Expected
viewers.g. Weather that could affect the game.h. Statement of the
coaches and athletes.2. Coverage story an on the spot news of an
actual game or event. It contains important reports like the
following:a. Outcome of the winner, score of both teams.b.
Significance of the outcome the prize or the chance to move on to
the higher level of competition.c. Spectacular parts of the game
how the winner outsmarted the loser, see-sawing scores and last
minute play.d. Comparison of the strength and weaknesses of the
athletes of both teams.e. Star playerf. Weatherg.
Audience/viewers3. Follow-up sports story it summarizes the
activities of the team. It also analyzes the recently concluded
game like a player who was injured and the psychological aspects of
the players.4. News based on the records it is based on the data
gathered from authorities or officials of the game. It could also
be a summary of different events almost simultaneously played in an
athletic meet.
WRITING THE SPORTS STORY:1. Headlinea. Red Bull frustrates SMBb.
Skygo stuns Sharkc. South Korea topples China in OTd. Realtors
outgun Turbo Chargerse. Tamaraws rout UB Cardinals2. The LeadThe
classic 5Ws appear in the Sports lead as (1) Who Won? (2) Against
Whom? (3) By What Score? (4) Where? (5) When?
Three ways of writing the sports lead1. Key play this is usually
used when the best angle of the sports event is through the
collective effort of all the members of the winning team.
University of Santo Tomas held off host Lyceum in a nervy fourth
set to post a 25-13, 21-25, 25-20, 25-23 victory yesterday in the
shakeys V-League Womens Volleyball Tournament at the Lyceum
Gym.
Umiskor and Adamson University ng anim na runs sa second inning
upang gawing tuntungan sa kanilang 6-2 panaig laban sa University
of the East kahapon sa pagpapatuloy ng UAAP Softball Tournament sa
UST Field.
2. Outstanding Player when one or two of the members stand out
of the rest of the players that caused the team to win the game,
their heroic deed is the best angle to start a sports lead.
James Yap lived up to expectation as he delivered the winning
basket that lifted Purefoods Chunkee Giants to a heartstopping
75-74 overtime victory over Red Bull last night in the PBA
Philippines Cup at the Araneta Coliseum.
Iginupo ni top seed Anna Patricia Santos si 7thseed Ivy de
Castro, 6-1, 2-6, 6-0 upang makatuntong sa singles semifinals ng
Php 4,000,000.00 PCA Open Tennis Championship sa PCA Indoor Courts,
Plaza Dilao kahapon.
3. Analytical approach this is used when the team employs a very
spectacular strategy or action that brings them to victory.
Barking on nerve breaking wallops, deadly spikes and tricky
placing, DLSU lady Archers dethroned Far Eastern University in the
crucial third set of their UAAP Womens Volleyball Championship
game, 25-18, 25-22, 25-19 at Cuneta Astrodome yesterday.
Sa pamamagitan ng malalakas na spike at mapaglinlang na placing,
pinadapa ng Abad Santos ES netters and Soliman ES spikers sa
pangatlong set sa iskor na 25-20, 21-25, 25-17 sa isang exhibition
game, Hulyo 26 sa Torres HS oval kaugnay sa pagdiriwang ng Sports
Week.
4. The Body Contains the play-by-play account of the game.
Highlights of the game Find the turning point of the game. Describe
spectacular plays. Tell about the last minute fumble. Decisive play
the most crucial part of the game that gives a certain team the
winning margin. Play-by-Play Describe the progress of the game in
detail but due to limited space, play-by-play has to be condensed.
Comparison of the Teams Which was the better team? Who did better
in the foulline? In what department were the losers weak? Best
score for the day what did they do to become the heroes of the
game? Quotation it is customary for the star player or coach to
have his sentiments recorded for posterity. Weather condition Mud,
sunshine, heat, cold, or wind may have a bearing on the game. Crowd
and Celebration How did the spectators behave?
SUGGESTED WAYS TO GATHER DATA ON SPORTS NEWS:1. Before the
game:a. Know the roles of the game.b. Know key peoplec. List down
their names in full and check the spelling.d. Interview key person
who are involved in the game.2. During the actual gamea. Look for a
good working place where you can closely witness the game.b.
Observe closely and list down the following:i. The most thrilling
part of the gameii. Unexpected event like a neophyte who perform
excellentlyiii. Humorous eventiv. Audience Reactionv. Statement of
the players and coaches
3. After the gamea. Check the accuracy of the score from the
officialsb. Interview star player or coach of the winning team.
In Campus Journalism: Feature Writing
FEATURE WRITING A feature takes an in-depth look at whats going
on behind the news. It gets into the lives of people. It tries to
explain why and how trend developed. Unlike news, a feature does
not have to be tied to a current event or a breaking story. But it
can grow out of something thats reported in the news.
Different point of views of feature story: The story behind
Personality in profile Tracking a trend
Feature Writing Tips: Start with a lead that captures your
readers attention. Move your story along with descriptions of what
happened, quotes from people involved in the issue, and details
that place the reader in the midst of the action. Make sure your
ending is meaningful.Features are not meant to deliver the news
firsthand. They do contain elements of news, but their main
function is to humanize, to add colour, to educate, to entertain,
to illuminate. They often recap major news that was reported in a
previous news cycle.
Types of Features1. Personality profiles: A personality profile
written to bring an audience closer to a person in or out of the
news. Interviews and observations, as well as creative writing, are
used to paint a vivid picture of the person. The CBCs recent
profile of Pierre Elliot Trudeau is a classic example of the genre
and makes use of archival film footage, interviews, testimonials,
and fair degree of editorializing by the voice-over commentary.2.
Human interest stories: A human interest story is written to show a
subjects oddity or its practical, emotional, or entertainment
value.3. Trend stories: A trend story examines people, things or
organizations that are having an impact on society. Trend stories
are popular because people are excited to read or hear about the
latest fads.4. In-depth stories: Through extensive research and
interviews, in-depth stories provide a detailed account well beyond
a basic news story or feature.5. Backgrounders: A background-- also
called an analysis piece-- adds meaning to current issues in the
news by explaining them further. These articles bring an audience
up-to-date, explaining how this country, this organization, this
person happens to be where it is now.
In Campus Journalism: Photojournalism
Pictures and artwork are aids in catching the readers attention.
A series of black-and-white pages with nothing but printed words is
certainly unattractive. Carefully taken, appropriately chosen and
properly cropped pictures add life to a n otherwise boring and
text-heavy page. The age of modern technology has made the art of
taking pictures considerably simple and easy. One need not be an
expert photographer to come up with good and well-composed pictures
because most cameras today are equipped with sophisticated devices
that take care of some of the technical concerns of a
photographer.
QUALITIES OF A GOOD PICTURE:
A picture worth printing must possess certain qualities. These
are:1. It must feature a prominent personality, event, or place.2.
It should tell a story by itself.3. It should have a certain degree
of human interest. Something odd or unusual never fails to draw
attention.4. It should capture a portion of the drama of life.5. It
should show a person or persons in action. Posed and stiff pictures
create a sense of inactivity and lifelessness.6. It must express
the recent events.7. A good picture should clearly show the faces
of its subject matter. A picture of unrecognizable faces means
nothing to the readers.8. A picture must be properly cropped so
that the desired image may be highlighted. Cropping means getting
rid of the undesirable and unnecessary images of portions of the
picture.9. Any picture must have a caption (also called a cutline)
summarizing the story the picture tells. Poetic caption is also
acceptable, and in many instances, attracts readers, example:Icing
On A Concrete Cake, Sa Ihip ng Hangin, Musmos sa Likod ng
Rehas,etc...
In Campus Journalism: Newspaper Design
NEWSPAPER DESIGN
Makeup and Layout
Makeup arrangement of the display elements on a printed page,
including headlines, body texts, illustrations, photos, white
spaces and column lines. It also refers to the page design of a
newspaper while layout refers to that of a magazine or an
advertisement.
Three functions of a newspaper makeup:1. To provide attractive
appearance to the individual pages and a pleasing harmony or
contrast in the continuity of pages.2. To show the relative
importance of news and feature materials through their positioning
in the pages.3. To facilitate reading through the avoidance of
monotony or disharmony in the appearance of newspaper pages.
Qualities of a good make-up: Contrast -A black headline next to
the column of gray body type creates a pleasing contrast. Two or
three subheads or quotations from the story can brighten a wide
expanse of gray body text. A picture can also provide contrast in a
page. Balance -This is achieved by arranging heavy or dark elements
to offset one another. For example, a three column picture on the
upper left can be balanced by a three--decked, three--column head
on the right. Symmetry -Each space should have a focus of attention
- a headline, a picture, or a combination of both to ensure that
the readers eyes fall first on that spot. Unity -The page should be
attractive as a whole, with all its parts fitting harmoniously
together.
Makeup Patterns:
Forms of designs for the paper: Balance Makeup -A balanced page
suggests orderliness, precision of thought and unity. Like elements
(same types and sizes) are placed opposite each other with some
intervening white spaces or pictures in between. Brace Makeup -The
display elements make a pattern slanting downward from left to
right across the page, like the brace of a shelf. This kind of
design usually has large display of one very important story.
Modular Makeup -The front page is divided into four segments or
modules with each one having its own focus of attention. If the
page of a newspaper is divided into a number of modules like a
checkerboard, it is called the grid system. This is usually used in
a magazine layout.
NAMEPLATE OR LOGO
The nameplate or logo of a newspaper is printed across the top
of the front page. This is used as an element of display
design.
General practices followed in printing the nameplate: The
nameplate is smaller in width than the width of the newspaper page
and remains the same in size and appearance. Placement of a story
at the level above the nameplate means that the story is an
important one. One or more headlines should fill the top of the
columns beneath the nameplate, thus providing a solid base on which
the nameplate may rest.
BREAKERS TO MAKE THE PAGE ATTRACTIVE
Boxed StoryA boxed story is usually a very important story or
one with human interest. The box is also used to break up an
expanse of gray body type or to provide a divider between two
regular headlines. A boxed story should not be placed beside or
adjacent a picture because its effectiveness will be weakened.
SubheadA subhead is a single line of the same type as the body
set in bold or italics that gives a gist of a part of the story
that follows. It should contain a noun and a verb. Its purpose is
to break a series of gray lines.
Direct QuoteA direct quote from the source of the story.
PRINCIPLES IN NEWSPAPER DESIGN
In order to make the newspaper layout attractive here are some
principles to follow: Layout and blacker headlines and pictures
should be displayed at the top of the page. Headlines below should
be lighter and smaller. Harmony should prevail in the selection of
types for headlines. Avoid tombstoming of headlines. Two headlines
of the same types should not be placed side by side. The headline
in one column should not be at the same level as any part of a
headline in an adjacent column. Wide or unbroken space of gray body
text should have subhead or quotation breakers.
In Campus Journalism: Editorial Cartooning
Editorial Cartoons:-Editorials in pictorial/caricature
form.-Supplement and crystallize the editorial commentary.-Have
greater impact than the editorial proper.-Connect important parts
by providing a link between the news and views of the paper.-Play a
vital and effective function in influencing public opinion.-Make a
character or an event more humorous, interesting and
entertaining.-Emphasize a single point and topic.
Forms of Editorial Cartooning
Criticism discriminating judgement Appreciation true or adequate
estimation Comment reflections or observations
Subjects/Topics in Cartooning
Culture enlightenment or civilization History past events
Economics business, production and consumption of goods and
services Political government, relationship of people and leaders
and among leaders. Social interaction among people
Tips for Cartooning1. Limit the use of words and labels to the
minimum. Dont write an essay.2. It should have one/single topic.3.
A clear, catchy, attractive and striking cartoon is necessary.4.
Consider your readers in the choice of symbols.5. Use bold lines
and strokes.6. Be extra careful when shading and shadowing your
cartoon.7. Study and master lines to show basic facial expressions
and emotions.8. Develop your own style. Watch out for plagiarism.9.
Cartoons are also subject to the laws of libel.10. The cartoonist
should be open to ideas, confer with the editor and other staff.11.
A cartoon may be has the same topic as the editorial issue.12. The
cartoon may also be on a different topic from that of the editorial
proper.
Steps in Editorial Cartooning List down the subjects to choose
from. Think of the propelling current issue. Ask what is the
opinion/stand of the paper about the issue. Decide the universal
symbols to be used. Draw more than one cartoon/caricature on the
same subject/issue chosen. Finally choose the best editorial
cartooning to be printed.
http://antoybakotoy.blogspot.com/2011/10/all-about-campus-journalism-editorial.html
Module by Maam Jess God speed.