Calorie and protein Calorie and protein needs needs I need ______g of protein/day. List 3 factors that you think influence protein needs. I need _____calories/day List 3 factors that you think influence calorie needs. What are your primary sources of protein?
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Calorie and protein needs I need ______g of protein/day. List 3 factors that you think influence protein needs. I need _____calories/day List 3 factors.
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Calorie and protein needsCalorie and protein needsI need ______g of protein/day.List 3 factors that you think influence protein
needs.I need _____calories/dayList 3 factors that you think influence calorie
needs.What are your primary sources of protein?
Calorie and protein needsCalorie and protein needsI need ______calories/day.List 3 factors that you think influence calorie
needs.Age, health, activity, genetics, BMR, genderI need _____grams of protein/dayList 3 factors that you think influence protein
needs.◦ Age, health, activity, protein quality, overall dietary
intake, genetics…???What are your primary sources of protein?
The grams of protein needed by most is ~ half The grams of protein needed by most is ~ half our weight in pounds. We get this from plant our weight in pounds. We get this from plant
or animal sources.or animal sources.
7-8 g in an egg
7-8 g/oz meat or cheese
7-8 g per ½ C beans
8 g/Cup soy milk
Question of the DayYou have met your daily calorie and glucose needs. Plus, you have exceeded your protein need by 20 gms. What will your body do with the extra protein?a.Convert it into glycogenb.Convert it into storage proteinc.Make it into fatd.Excrete it in the urinee.Store it as ATP
Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2
ProteinJust One of the Essential Nutrients
Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2
Take it off its pedestal!Balance it with other nutrients
Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2
Take it off its pedestal!Balance it with other nutrients
Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2
Take it off its pedestal!Balance it with other nutrients
Protein is……Protein is……non-preferred glucose and nrg source
In most foods except fats/oils and fruit. Typical US diet is hi pro
If we can’t make the ‘R’ group, then AA is essentialN is from the
air we breathe
Amino Acids Amino Acids Protein ProteinChains of AAs make up proteinsAA type/order determine protein functionDNA
◦holds blueprint for type/order of AAs◦ is located in _____ of cell◦codes for ALL body proteins
Part of DNA turned on, depends on cell’s job Gene= DNA segment that codes for specific
protein (i.e. Insulin, thyroxine, enzymes, etc.)
Protein on the JobProtein on the JobEnzymes Some Hormones
Insulin
Protein on the JobProtein on the JobEnzymes Some Hormones Transporters (Hgb) AntibodiesBlood clotting proteinsWater balance
Insulin
Protein on the JobProtein on the JobEnzymes Some Hormones Transporters (Hgb) AntibodiesBlood clotting proteinsWater balancePart of muscles, organs, connective tissueNon-preferred job of protein energy
glucose
Top priorities of body:1. Energy2. Glucose
When needed, protein is used for nrg or glucose, before used to make body proteins.
Points to ponder about protein…Points to ponder about protein…1. A chicken thigh is mostly ____ by weight.2. Protein is absorbed into the blood as______.3. A protein supplement is needed to build muscle. 4. Low protein intake is common in the US?5. Where does the nitrogen in protein come from?6. How does restricting carbs impact protein need?7. Why is protein a NON-preferred fuel? 8. What are some consequences of a high protein
diet?
Excess diet protein-consequencesExcess diet protein-consequencesAmino group must be excreted in urine
◦ Increase need for water◦Extra kidney work◦Saturated fat?
Remainder of AA is converted to◦Glucose if needed◦Body fat if extra calories
How much protein do we store?How much protein do we store?Body nrg stores of 70 kg/154 lb male Fuel Type Fat calories stored
10% body fat 20% body fatFat 63,000 126,000Glycogen liver 300-400 300-400 muscle 1200-1600 1200-160Glucose 100 100
Protein is Protein is NOTNOT stored!!! stored!!!Body nrg stores of 70 kg/154 lb male Fuel Type Fat calories stored
10% body fat 20% body fatFat 63,000 126,000Glycogen liver 300-400 300-400 muscle 1200-1600 1200-160Glucose 100 100
Question of the DayYou have met your daily calorie and glucose needs. Plus, you have exceeded your protein need by 20 gms. What will your body do with the extra protein?a.Convert it into glycogenb.Convert it into storage proteinc.Make it into fatd.Excrete it in the urinee.Store it as ATP
What might be some problems due to inadequateprotein intake?
Hint: Review the jobs of protein in the body
Review: Jobs of proteinReview: Jobs of protein
Enzymes Some Hormones Transporters (Hgb) AntibodiesBlood clotting proteinsWater balancePart of muscles, organs, connective tissueNon-preferred use of protein glucose
energy
Insulin
Protein Deficiency DiseasesProtein Deficiency DiseasesKwashiorkor
Marasmus
Kwashiorkor Kwashiorkor •Inefficient use of protein and fat •Bloated belly•Edema - abnormal storage of water in body
Marasmus Marasmus
◦Primary form of malnutrition globally◦Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PCM) ◦Less developed countries……starvation◦Developed countries…..anorexic, cancer patients, end stage AIDS◦Emaciated appearance
Assume:You have met your daily calorie needs. You have exceeded your protein need by 20 gms.What will your body do with the extra protein.a.Convert it into glycogenb.Convert into a storage proteinc.Make it into fat and energyd.Make it into carbohydratee.Store it as ATP