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Slide 1
California Geology
Slide 2
I. California Resources A.Agriculture Citrus fruits, dates,
Vegetables Grapes
Slide 3
Volcanic soil erosion, is a main reason for fertile soil in
California Mild climate in the central valley and coastal mountains
also helps crops grow.
Slide 4
B. Minerals This is the massive gold-bearing quartz vein known
as the "Mother Lode". Highway 108 at Woods Creek, west of
Jamestown, CA 1.Past volcanoes laid the quartz rock for CA gold in
the Jurassic batholith formation. Earthquakes and erosion revealed
the ore
Slide 5
California's first gold rush was here, just north of San
Fernando, in Mexican days.
Slide 6
In addition to gold and mercury, 2. CA minerals include copper,
silver and iron. These pictures are a mercury mine and copper
ore.
Slide 7
Borax mined in Death Valley was originally transported to
market in heavy wagons drawn by 20 mules. Harmony Borax Mill, Death
Valley NM, CA 3. Salts are also produced in CA
Slide 8
Granite used in many of California's best known public
buildings was quarried in the Sierra foothills near Raymond.
Raymond, Madera County, CA Charcoal made in these kilns near Death
Valley was used to smelt lead ore in the mines at Darwin. near
Wildrose, Death Valley NM, CA (1969).
Slide 9
C. Water CAs natural water is from run-off and ground water.
2/3 of CA water comes from the Sacramento River, the San Juaquin
River and the tributaries from the San Francisco Bay
Slide 10
Southern California depends on the CA State water project
moving water from the San Francisco Bay area to areas of increasing
population Coastal Areas get their water from groundwater. The
runoff from the Coastal Range provides 90% of this water.
Slide 11
Palm Springs' lush golf courses are made possible by its
abundant groundwater resources. Palm Springs, CA Southern
California also gets water from the Colorado River. The Colorado
River Compact of 1922 provides for 4.4 million acre feet of water
to be piped to CA to recharge their underground water storage.
Slide 12
Central California also gets water from the SF bay area through
the Central Valley water project to support its agricultural
industry. This imported water joins the Sierra Nevada runoff water
in an underground aquifer
Slide 13
This dam blocks the Tuolumne River and floods Hetch-Hetchy
Valley. O'Shaugnessy Dam, Tuolumne River, Yosemite NP, CA
Hetch-Hetchy Reservoir stores water for the San Francisco system.
Hetch-Hetchy Reservoir, Yosemite NP, CA
Slide 14
Even though 60% of CA water used by people in CA comes from the
northern part of the state, it is the southern population that uses
over half of the water. Most of CAs residential water is for
landscaping and not drinking or household use.
Slide 15
D. Oil/Natural Gas One of the more prolific oil and natural gas
producing regions in the world: Los Angeles Basin, Bakersfield, and
Santa Barbara- Ventura Channel The Westside oil fields in the
southern San Joaquin Valley once bristled with wooden oil derricks
and pumps like these. Buena Vista Hills, north of Taft, CA
Slide 16
In addition hydroelectric power, wind energy, nuclear energy
and geothermal energy are all generated in California Shifting
plates have helped create CAs oil, natural gas reserves and
geothermal reserves.
Slide 17
II. Geology A. California Geological Regions B. Timeline of
Region FormationCalifornia Geological Regions
Slide 18
Basement Rocks laid down in ancient seas Nevada was edge of
land until a volcanic island arc much like Japan today collided
with our western coast. These Cascadia mountains which were located
where the present north west corner of CA is located, began to
erode and fill in the ocean to form CA Ancestral Sierra mountains
formed by large batholiths of granite. Ocean sediments were
deposited and thrust up against mountains Pre Jurassic Jurassic 155
MYA Cretaceous 130 MYA CA under shallow sea except Sierra
Mountains. Paleocene Eocene 75 MYA Lava erupts in Klamath Mt Ranges
due to subduction CA land moist and swampy
Slide 19
Oligocene Epoch 38 MYA Seas shrink and CA not underwater. CA
mostly hills and plains Early Sierras are eroded away and sediment
fills Great Valley Mountains rise on West side and cut off moisture
Sierra Nevada tilt and thrust up Fissure eruptions of lava occur in
Modoc Plateau Volcanoes in Central CA because of Pacific plate
subduction Great Central Valley under sea Mountains in both Coast
Range and Sierras are elevated Sierras are tilted up on eastern
side and slope down into the central valley Volcanic action in the
northern Sierra and Northern CA covers much of the land with lava
and mud flows Miocene Epoch 28 MYA Pliocnece Epoch 9 MYA
Slide 20
Glaciers cover the higher eastern mountains four times Lakes
are formed in eastern CA Active faulting/folding and mountain
building, especially in the Basin and Range Coastal Ranges are
still lifting Large lakes in the east dry up and leave large salt
beds San Francisco Bay is formed Continued volcanic eruptions in
the NE Pleistocene Epoch 1 MYA Recent Epoch 22,000 years
ago/today
Slide 21
III. Issues Today A.San Andreas Fault a large strike/slip fault
is a plate division, predicted to break at any time. B.Pacific
Plate is moving northwest interacts with the North American
Continental Plate.
Slide 22
B.Erosion 1. Gravity and movement of soil particles from water
and wind Can cause landslides Example: San Francisco Delta Area,
Landau Sand Area.
Slide 23
C.Landslides are caused by erosion, earthquakes and heavy
rainfall. Examples are house falling off the hills above beaches in
SCA.