Swinburne University of Technology 1 O. Atwin Calchand Internship Seminar : Projects and Progress Centre for Advanced Internet Architectures (CAIA) Swinburne University of Technology 18 th February 2010 http://caia.swin.edu.au 18 February 2010 Page 2 CAIA Seminar Overview Router Project Why Green? Router Project Goals Experiment Results Netbook Project Introduction Goals Experiment Results Conclusion and Thanks
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Swinburne University of Technology 1
O. Atwin Calchand
Internship Seminar : Projects and Progress
Centre for Advanced Internet Architectures (CAIA)
Swinburne University of Technology
18th February 2010
http://caia.swin.edu.au 18 February 2010 Page 2CAIA Seminar
Overview
� Router Project
� Why Green?
� Router Project Goals
� Experiment
� Results
� Netbook Project
� Introduction
� Goals
� Experiment
� Results
� Conclusion and Thanks
Swinburne University of Technology 2
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Why Green?
� Why Go Green?1
� Electricity generation more expensive
� PCs and monitors account for more than 40% of all ICT CO2
emissions. Data Centres account only for 23%.
� In Australia,2
� ICT sector generates 7.94 Million Tons of CO2
�Similar to the Civil Aviation and Metal production industries
� DoD reports savings of $5M per year, by just shutting down idle PCs.
1. Gartner, Conceptualising 'Green' IT and Data Center Power and Cooling Issues, Sept. 20072. Abeywickrama, Y. (2010, March). ACSView. In PCAuthority Magazine, 15.
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Router Project
� Goals of the project
� Analyse power levels
�With different components active
�With increasing amount of traffic
�At Idle and Transmit phases
� Compare power usage of different routers
� Linksys AG041 (12 W under max. load)
�Cisco 837 (18 W under max. load)
�Netgear DG834G (12 W under max. load)
� Marketed as a Green Router
Swinburne University of Technology 3
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Experiment
Python script to retrieve voltages from Oscilloscope
Data transfer between client and server using iperf with 2,10,25,50 and 100 parallel streams of traffic.
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Results
Boot Post-Boot (Idle) 1 Ethernet Port Only DSL Port Only Ethernet and DSL
Linksys AG041 6.52 6.94 7.06 7.33 7.37
Cisco 837 5.25 5.41 5.62 5.44 5.76
Netgear DG834G 3.91 4.92 5.15 5.01 5.19
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Avergae Power (W)
Power Usage with different components active
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Results: Idle and Transmit Phases
7.05
7.10
7.15
7.20
7.25
7.30
7.35
7.40
7.45
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Power (W)
Time (s)
Linksys AG041Idle & Transmit Power Levels
Idle Power (W) Mean Idle Power (W) TX Power (W) Mean TX Power (W)
Power (W) Mean
Idle 7.32
TX 7.26
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Results: Idle and Transmit Phases
4.95
5.00
5.05
5.10
5.15
5.20
5.25
5.30
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Power (W
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Time (s)
Netgear DG834GIdle & Transmit Power Levels
Idle Power (W) Mean Idle Power (W) TX Power (W) Mean TX Power (W)
Power (W) Mean
Idle 5.21
TX 5.14
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Results: Cisco 837 Idle and TX Phases
5.20
5.30
5.40
5.50
5.60
5.70
5.80
5.90
6.00
6.10
1 17 33 49 65 81 97 113
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Power (W)
Time (s)
Cisco 837Idle & Transmit Power Levels
Idle Power (W) Mean Idle Power (W) TX Power (W) Mean TX Power (W)
Power (W) Mean
Idle 5.62
TX 5.85
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� Idle state consumes more power in two cases
� LEDs play an important role in power consumption
� 7 W Router � $11 every year
� Saving 60 mW/h for 12 h� $0.05 savings per year
� Consider the possible savings with the millions of routers around the globe
� More green products on the market
� Netgear and D-Link mainly
�No CPU stepping technology
Conclusion
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� Why Netbooks?3
� Affordable and portable
� Suitable for simple tasks such as web browsing and word processing
� Low power usage � long battery life
� Becoming mainstream devices
�Shipments increased sevenfold in Q1 2009 as compared to Q1 2008 (8% of all PC shipments)
� Acer holds 32% of netbook market
Netbook Project
3. Shah, A., 2009. Netbook shipments rise sevenfold during Q1. Network World [internet] 1 May. Retrieved February 4, 2010, from http://www.networkworld.com/news/2009/050109-netbook-shipments-rise-sevenfold-during.html
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Netbook Project
� Acer Aspire One Pro P531h (30 W under max load)
� Intel Atom Processor N270 at 1.6 GHz (TDP 2.5 W)4
� Mobile Core 2 Duo generates TDP 35 – 65 W
� Ubuntu Netbook Remix 9.10 (Released October 2009)
� Goal: Determine the power usage of components
� BIOS, Bootloader
� Screen
� Hard Disk Drive
� Wireless
� Processor
4. Intel Corporation. (2009) . Intel Atom Processor N270. Retrieved February 12, 2010, from http://ark.intel.com/Product.aspx?id=36331
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Experiment
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Results: BIOS and Bootloader
5.20
5.40
5.60
5.80
6.00
6.20
6.40
6.60
6.801 10 19 28 37 46 55 64 73 82 91 100
109
118
127
136
145
154
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199
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361
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397
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433
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451
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469
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Power (W)
Time (s)
BIOS & BootLoader Power Usage
Bios Power (W) Mean Bios Power (W) BootLoader Power (W) Mean BootLoader Power (W)
Power (W) Bios BootLoader
Min 5.794 6.077
Max 6.444 6.630
Mean 6.035 6.347
Std Dev 0.099 0.083
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Results: Screen Tests
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 100
111
122
133
144
155
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199
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386
397
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419
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452
463
474
485
496
507
518
529
540
551
562
573
Power (W)
Time (s)
Screen Power Usage
Idle Power (W) Mean Idle Power (W)
Black Power (W) Mean Black Power (W)
White Power (W) Mean White Power (W)
MinBrightness Power (W) Mean MinBrightness Power (W)
ScreenOff Power (W) Mean ScreenOff Power (W)
Power (W) Idle Black White MinBr Off
Min 5.90 4.93 4.31 4.58 2.98
Max 6.89 6.29 9.68 5.21 3.57
Mean 6.31 5.35 5.08 4.89 3.28
Std Dev 0.12 0.16 0.25 0.09 0.07
Screen uses approx 3.13 W
Black and White reduction 5%
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Results : Screen
Yates, D., 2009. ‘Black and White power consumption – 24 more LCD monitors tested’, Darren Yates blog, weblog post, 23 September, viewed 8 February 2010, <http://darrenyates.com.au/?p=1219>
Darren Yates is a contributing editor for the Australian PC User Magazine.
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Results: HDD
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 100
111
122
133
144
155
166
177
188
199
210
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331
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353
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375
386
397
408
419
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452
463
474
485
496
507
518
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540
551
562
573
584
595
Power (W
)
Time (s)
Idle Usage with HDD and USB
HDD Power (W) Mean HDD Power (W) USB Power (W) Mean USB Power (W)
Power (W) HDD USB
Min 5.90 3.68
Max 6.89 6.51
Mean 6.31 3.97
Std Dev 0.12 0.13
HDD power approx 2.34 W
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Results: Wireless Test
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.001 17 33 49 65 81 97 113
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Power (W
)
Time (s)
Associated & NotAssociated Power Usage
Associated Power (W) Associated Mean Power (W) NotAssociated Power (W) NotAssociated Mean Power (W)
Power (W) Wifi Associated Wifi Not Associated
Min 3.34 4.52
Max 9.69 10.07
Mean 4.85 6.39
Std Dev 0.76 0.14
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Results: Wireless Test (New drivers)
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12.00
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Power (W
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Time (s)
Associated & NotAssociated Power Usage
Associated Power (W) Mean Associated Power (W) NotAssociated Power (W) Mean NotAssociated Power (W)
Power (W) Wifi Associated WiFi Not Associated
Min 6.64 4.85
Max 7.97 10.60
Mean 7.24 6.64
Std Dev 0.16 0.29
Swinburne University of Technology 11
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