“100301129824/5077-10/GTBKIET, Malout” Six Months Industrial Training At CAD VISION CENTRE SAKCHI, JAMSHEDPUR Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the 8 th semester curriculum degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY In MECHANICAL ENGINEERING of PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR Under the Guidance of :- Submitted By :- Mr. Majid Khan Subham Kumar Uni. Regd. No. 100301129824 Inst. Roll No. 5077/10 Submitted To :- Mr. Sumit Sachdeva Sr. Lecturer (M.E.) DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 1
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“100301129824/5077-10/GTBKIET, Malout”
Six Months Industrial Training
At
CAD VISION CENTRESAKCHI, JAMSHEDPUR
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the 8th semester curriculum degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
of
PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR
Under the Guidance of :- Submitted By :-Mr. Majid Khan Subham Kumar
Uni. Regd. No. 100301129824Inst. Roll No. 5077/10
Submitted To :-Mr. Sumit SachdevaSr. Lecturer (M.E.)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
GURU TEG BAHADUR KHALSA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
CHHAPIANWALI (MALOUT)
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Acknowledgement
With deep sense of gratitude, I Would like to take this opportunity to thank my Training
Co-ordinator Mr. Majid Khan (Trainer), Cad Vision Centre, Sakchi,
Jamshedpur who gave his best support & co-ordination during my summer training.
His involvement & unstinted support always gives his the confidence to do my work.
Without His guidance this project report would not have seen the light of the day.
I am also very thankful to Mr. Navdeep Kumar (H.O.D.) Mechanical
Engineering, G.T.B.K.I.E.T., Chhapianwali (Malout) for their kind co-
opration to complete this report. I would like to thank the people who took their time to
help me to complete this project. I would like thanking my friends who were of immense
help to me.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank my parents who were a source of support
throughout the making of the report.
Thanks
Subham Kumar
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TRAINING SCHEDULE
Company Name :- Cad Vision Centre, Sakchi, Jamshedpur
Timing : 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.
First Month - Institute & Courses Information
Second Month - Autocad Information
Third Month - Coordinate System
Fourth Month - Objects of Autocad
Fifth Month - Blocks, Window, Layers
Sixth Month - Arrays
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LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. No. Description Page No.
1.1 Logo of Cad Vision Centre 1
1.2 Cad Vision Centre 1
1.3 Classes 2
2.1 Cad / Cam Technology 8
2.2 General Procedure 10
2.3 3-D Model 16
3.1 Autocad 17
3.2 Polar Coordinate System 18
3.3 Object Snaps 21
4.1 Autocad 22
4.2 Autocad Symbols 23
4.3 Lines 25
5.1 Blocks Working 34
6.1 Autodesk 35
8.1 Object Layers 38
8.2 Objects Copying 39
9.1 Array Command 41
9.2 Array 42
10.1 Move Command 43
10.2 Rotating Command 43
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement iii
Training Schedule iv
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi
Chapter No. Nomenclature Page No.
CHAPTER-1
1.1 CAD VISION CENTRE 1-6
1.2 PROFILE
1.3 Placement Cell:
1.4 Alumini Cell:
1.5 Facilities
1.6 Computer Lab:
1.7 Library:
1.8 Student Activities:
1.9 Institute-Industries Tie-Up:
1.10 ENGINEERING SERVICES
1.11 CLIENTS of CAD VISION CENTER
CHAPTER-2 7-16
2.1 SCOPE OF CAD/CAM/CAE
2.2 WORKING WITH CAD/CAM/CAE
2.3 Geometric modeling
2.4 Engineering Analysis
2.5 Simulation
2.6 Drafting
2.7 Need analysis
2.8 Specification and requirement
2.9 Feasibility study
2.10 Creative design syntesis
2.11 Preliminary design & devolopement
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2.12 Detalied design
2.13 Prototype building &testing
2.14 Design for production
2.15 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CAD/CAM
2.15.1 CAD tools required to support
2.16 THE CAD/CAM MARKET TRENDS
CHAPTER-3 17-213.1 WORKING WITH COORDINATE SYSTEMS3.2 ABSOLUTE & RELATIVE COORDINATE
3.3 CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEM
3.4 POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEMS
3.6 SNAPING TO POINTS ON OBJECTS
CHAPTER-4 22-334.1 CREATING OBJECTS IN AUTOCAD4.2 LINE
4.3 POLYLINE
4.4 MULTILINE
4.5 Creating Multiline Styles
4.6 POLYGON
4.7 SKETCH
4.8 RECTANGLE
4.9 CIRCLE
4.10 ARC
4.11 SPLINE
4.12 ELLIPSE
4.13 DONUT
4.14 POINT
4.15 HATCHING AREAS
4.16 TEXT
4.17 MULTILINE TEXT
CHAPTER-5 34
5.1 WORKING WITH BLOCKS
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CHAPTER-6 35-366.1 EDITING METHODS6.1.2 EDITING WITH GRIPS
CHAPTER-7 37
7.1 USING THE PROPERTIES WINDOW
CHAPTER-8 38-40
8.1 EDITING LAYERS
8.2 MATCHING PROPERTIES
8.3 COPYING THE OBJECTS
8.4 OFFSETTING THE OBJECTS
8.5 MIRRORING THE OBJECTS
CHAPTER-9 41-42
9.1 ARRYING OBJECTS
CHAPTER-10 43-45
10.1 MOVING THE OBJECTS
10.2 ROTATING OBJECTS
10.3 ALIGNING THE OBJECTS
10.4 ERASING THE OBJECTS
10.5 STRETCHING THE OBJECTS
10.5 Moving by Stretching:
CHAPTER-11 46
11.1 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-12 47
12.1 REFERENCES
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CHAPTER-1
1.1 CAD VISION CENTRE
Fig. 1.1 : Logo of Cad Vision Centre
We are Jamshedpur based young and professionally managed organization equipped with
state-of-art infrastructure to serve the best in the field of CAD. We always try to share the
problem and come up with the solution which add few values in young growth process.
We are sincerely involved in computer aided Digitizing, Designing & Development
works and 100% focused on Mechanical, Structural, Civil, Electrical & Training
activities.
Fig. 1.2 : Cad Vision Centre
CAD VISION CENTER, is situated in the heart of Jamshedpur Ambagan, Sakchi. The
office has a space of 900sq.ft. It has 18 Nos. Computer since its inception with a plotter
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for printing A1 size. This institute has got its own legal software 2009. We have been
imparting training to students in a batch. In the field of auto cad training which is an
unique feature and we stand as a leading training institute in the state of Jharkhand.
In present era of modernization and volatile market situation, one must need a helping
hand to support & to become a market leader. In today’s competitive market, only new
ideas, innovation, quality works, time frame and cost effectiveness in every possible way
can make all the difference.
We strongly believe that only a well-focused & qualified team can fulfill the need of
training. We are running Computer-Aided-Design training program for students and
working people on full time or part time basis by sound, qualified and experienced
engineers. We also offer corporate level training program to upgrade their skills. We are
the only company in Jamshedpur who are 100% dedicated to CAD related activities.
Fig. 1.3 : Classes
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1.2 PROFILE
Our Commitment to Excellence in providing our customers with extremely accurate,
reliable and high performance products.
(Design & Drawing) and services is the key to our success and will be underlying tenet in
all our endeavors. Innovative systems, experience and highly motivated Specialists
designers & draughtsmen ensure cost-effective, on-time solutions that maximize
customer satisfaction and the value provided.
The Institute in its academic curriculum imparts certificate courses in following fields.
S.No. Courses Offered Duration
1 Mech. Drafting With Cad 6 Months
2 Civil Drafting With Cad 6 Months
3 Auto cad only 6 Months
4 3ds max 3 Months
5 Mech. + Civil 9 Months
6 Mech.Drafting only 6 Months
7 Civil Drafting only 6 Months
8 Mech. + Civil Drafting 6 Months
To provide the students with a still sharper edge in the employement segment, the
institute provide students with extensive instructions and practice facility on computer
with the aid of Models like piping circuit, steel building, frame structure building,
assembly of machine equipments, measuring instruments etc.
1.3 Placement Cell:
The Institute has a solemn Placement Cell which maintains close liaison with a large
number of Industries with a view to provide placement services to the students. A number
of students have been absorbed in reputed companies like TATA MOTORS,
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MULTICOLOR Ltd., VASTU VIHAR, SANDHU TECHNOCRATS Pvt. Ltd.,
TAURAS FLEXIBLES Pvt. Ltd. etc in INDIA. Many of our students are employed in
abroad also.
1.4 Alumini Cell:
An Alumini cell has been formed by the EX-Students of CVC with the prudent help and
support from the current students and faculties. The main aim is to stay together in a
amalgamated fashion and mutually help each other under all tryingcircumtance likewise
finding and improving courses jobs.
1.5 Facilities
We provide the following facilities to the students.
1.6 Computer Lab:
The Institiute has a well equipped Advanced Computer Lab with all Modern
Infrastructures consisting eighteen(18) computers with latest configurations.
1.7 Library:
The Institute has a well furnished library having sufficient number of titles on all relevant
courses. The students also have access to important news papers in English, Hindi and
Urdu and national and international level periodicals in the field of Design, Drawing and
Drafting.
1.8 Student Activities:
Apart from the academic curriculum the students are also encouraged to participate in the
field of extracurricular activities. The students actively participate in cultural programme
and shows like speech, debate, elocution, extempore, essay writing, singing(Solo and
Duet), one act play etc.
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1.9 Institute-Industries Tie-Up:
The unique feature of the institute is tie-up with Industries to impart technical training to
their employees at CVC as per their. It has already signed a MOU with Jamipol, Sandhu
Technocrates, Tauras Flexibles etc for this purpose.
The Institute is also registered with many reputed industries like TATA MOTORS,
TATA RYERSON, BOC, TINPALTE, VOLTAS LTD, etc. for their Design and
Drawing.
These design and drawings are completed by our students with the careful guidence of
the experts in relative fields. Thus the students are exposed to live project from the
Industries.
1.10 ENGINEERING SERVICES
Engineering design and drawing (Mech., Piping, Civil, Electrical)
Structural detailing and drawing for both steel and RCC
Co-ordination drawings.
Solid modeling and design customization.
Reverse Engineering.
2D and 3D Plant Modeling.
Bill of Materials Generation.
1.11 CLIENTS of CAD VISION CENTER
>>> Tinplate Co. of India Ltd.
>>> Tata Motors (HV Axles Ltd.)
>>> Tata Ryerson Ltd.
>>> Voltas Limited
>>> Indian Steel & Wire Products
>>> B.O.C. India Ltd.
>>> Taurus Flexibles Pvt. Ltd.
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>>> Master Engineering
>>> Tube Computec Pvt. Ltd.
>>> Cordoba Engineering Pvt. Ltd.
>>> Sumit Enterprises
>>> Ama Seats
>>> Sandhu Technocrats
>>> General Enterprises
>>> Reliant Enterprises
>>> Apex Sales
>>> MR Alloys
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CHAPTER-2
2.1 SCOPE OF CAD/CAM/CAE
Integrated CAD/CAM/CAE Softwares like Pro/Engineer, I-DEAS & CATIA help
manufacturers optimize product concept early in Design process, enabling them to
significantly improve product quality, while reducing product development time and cost
Moreover people having 3D CAD/CAM/CAE knowledge have better chances of growth,
immediate employability after completion of course, graduation and chances of jobs
abroad.
As the market economy opens more and more it has become extremely competitive and
with this state of economy, skilled people play the most important role in organization.
Hence it becomes imperative on the part of top Tool Room Training centers and Engg.
Colleges to especially look for new initiatives towards improving the skills and
knowledge of students.
An emerging trend of Engg. Education in Tool Room and the world is the rapid
incrementation of CAD/CAM/CAE software as an essential part of curriculum.
The primary reasons for this trend are enumerated as follows:
Rapid shift from manual Design and Production system of Engg. Industry to highly
productive quality and cost effective CAD/CAM/CAE system. In fact most of Tool
and Die, Automotive, Heavy Engg., Industrial Equipment industry etc. in India and
the World are totally working on CAD/CAM/CAE equipment. In continuation in
above points many of companies as recruiters are looking at CAD/CAM/CAE
knowledge as part of essential profile of recruiting students.
Knowledge of CAD/CAM/CAE system shall be an added weapon for students
seeking admission to post graduate M.S. courses and jobs abroad.
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These CAD/CAM/CAE systems shall prove to be an excellent tool for Industry,
Research setup for Professors and Academically Bent Students. The question, Which
are the industries that need more skilled man power and what for these segments skill
sets are available, such of these segments are:
Tool Room Process M/C Heavy Engg. Industries
M/C Tool Defence
Automobile Auto Ancillaries
2.2 WORKING WITH CAD/CAM/CAE TECHNOLOGY
Essentially design is a decision making process where the discretion and knowledge of
the designer play a great role. While man still finally controls decision-making, the
computer has served to ease the designer’s task.
Fig. 2.1 : CAD/CAM TECHNOLOGY
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MASTER MODELER
CAD CAM CAE
TOOL PATH GENERATION
SIMULATION
SHEET METAL DESIGN
MOLD DESIGN
PIPE DESIGN
STATIC ANALYSIS(WHEN BODY IS IN STATE OF REST)
KINEMATICS ANALYSIS(WHEN BODY IS IN STATE OF MOTION)
“100301129824/5077-10/GTBKIET, Malout”
2.3 Geometric modeling
Design involves the development of the shape and dimensions of a component. During
designing several factors are to be considered simultaneously. Some of them are stress
requirements, method of manufacture. Geometric modeling is the first step in CAD. A
geometric model is created on the screen using different techniques. Once creating this
model can be easily altered in geometry and configuration to yield a satisfactory shape.
The next step is deciding on the exact dimensions. The results of geometric modeling will
further be use by CAM in the preparation of NC tapes for the component.
2.4 Engineering Analysis
The most important function of CAD is engineering analysis. Engineering analysis
basically involves deciding the exact dimensions of the component. These values have to
be arrived at by analyzing the component in terms of the loads it has to withstand in
function. CAD provides sophisticated method like the finite element technique.
Unsatisfactory design may require several iteration of the whole process. The computer
scores over the human in its capabilities of rapid information retrieval, numerical
processing and repeating a process without fatigue.
2.5 Simulation
Simulation, in the CAD/CAM context, means duplicating on the video screen a replica of
the actual physical situation the designed component is likely to be in. for instance, an
aeroplane will be subjected to wind loads. In the conventional method, the aeroplane will
be tested in a wind tunnel using a prototype. This is an expensive and inflexible process,
expensive because of the physical construction of the wind tunnel and the prototype,
inflexible because it may not be possible to test various sizes and shape under a set of test
condition. Computer simulation gets rid of both these limitations. It involves the testing
of a graphic model whose size and shape can be varied at will. Computer simulation does
not completely do away with prototype testing. A near perfect shape can be determined
using simulation, which can later be tested with a prototype under test conditions.
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2.6 Drafting
The logical step would be to produce a drawing of the component. A drawing is
dispensable for the production of the component. Not only the components designed by
engineering analysis, but also complex layouts, assemblies can be created interactively
and plotted in about one tenth of the normal time. Automated drafting has resulted in
enormous productivity gains in terms of time, labour and expenses.
System Design Cycle (Conventional Design cycle)
For solving any design problem or engineering problem, the general procedure may be
followed.
Fig. 2.2 : General Procedure
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RECOGNITION OF A NEED
SPECIFICATION ANDREQUIREMENTS
FEASIBILITY STUDY
CREATIVE DESIGN SYNTHESIS
PRELIMINARY DESIGN AND DEVELOPEMENT
DETAILED DESIGN
PROTOTYPE BUILDING AND TESTING
DESIGN FOR PRODUCTION
PRODUCT RELEASE
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2.7 Need analysis
This aspect of design can have its origin in many numbers of sources. Customer reports
on the product function and quality may force a redesign. The starting point of a design
project is a hypothetical need which may have been observed in socio-economic scene.
The need may be existing or may not yet exist, but the evidence may be existing that the
need is latent. The following points will help at this stage:
1. Study the nature of the need.
2. Establish the need reasonably well to the extent possible.
3. Make primitive statement of need.
4. Do reconnaissance study with respect to qualitative and quantitative
aspects.
2.8 Specification and requirement
Once a need has been established, its requirements must be carefully spelled out. Very
often the specifications are stated in such general terms as to indicate that the consumer
has only a vague idea of what he wants. In these requirements design and performance
requirements are carefully stated. Also, the specifications are prepared keeping in mind
the production competence and capability of the company.
2.9 Feasibility study
Once the problem’s need has been established and the specifications have been prepared,
accepted and submitted, the feasibility study is done. The purpose of this study is to
check the possibility of success or failure of the purposed project both from technical and
economic standpoint. In this study, various questions are to be answered.
1. Is any natural law being defied?
2. Are some of the specifications beyond what is technically available at
present?
3. Is there any dependence on source materials?
4. Will the cost of the end product be too high?
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The persons doing the feasibility study will be the engineers with strong design
background, knowledge of engineering science, a good knowledge of material usage,
knowledge of production methods and requirements of the sales department.
2.10 Creative design syntesis
Once the feasibility of the design is established, the creative design synthesis has to be
done. Here, the designer can act as engineer, inventor, artist all in one, because now he is
called upon to create.
The quantities of the new design will be:
1. The quality of newness or uniqueness.
2. Things, which are either useful or appreciated, are called creative. Creative
things are sometimes either purposeful or beautiful or both.
3. The third quality in the design solution will be that it will have simplicity. A
solution having the qualities of newness and useful or appreciated but complex
would not be known as a creative solution.
2.11 Preliminary design & devolopement
After the process of creativity design is complete, there will be one or more possible
designs that satisfy the given set of specifications and requirements. It then becomes
necessary to decide which of the solutions to choose for the preliminary design and
development stage. Note, this stage is primarily concerned with checking the validity of
the functional and overall size requirements of the specifications.
The stages of the preliminary design can be summarized as below:
1. Selection of the most useful solution from the several suggested solutions.
2. Formulation of useful model preferably mathematical for this selected
solution.
3. Analysis of this model.
4. Prediction of performance.
5. Preparing layout of the selected solution, making a check for its function.
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2.12 Detalied design
Many designers often miss many of the activities of the detailed design phase of the
design process, particularly for smaller jobs, because so much of the detailing in the sense
of component design is already done in the preliminary design phase. This phase of the
design work consists of two major activities:
(1) Detailing the parts, component and their assembly.
(2) Going into sufficient details of manufacture in implementing the design.
The second phase as indicated earlier requires a good knowledge of manufacturing
process. The method of manufacturing should be such that the following are avoided.
(1) Heavy weight of material
(2) Reclamping of work
(3) Special purpose tools
(4) Finishing operations
2.13 Prototype building &testing
After completing all the details, the sub-assemblies and assembly drawings including the
materials and parts list, the completed design is sent to the prototype or model shop for
fabrication. At this juncture the parts are fabricated, commercial components are
purchased, and the machine or system, after having been assembled, is ready for
evolution and testing. This testing can help in:
1. Producing acceptable performance
2. To generate new design information
3. To develop improved design concepts
4. To increase validity of the results.
2.14 Design for production
In addition to being functionally sound, a product must have sales appeal and must be
competitive in price. In order for a product to be made economically, it must be designed
so that the most appropriate material and processes will be utilized. This is called “
design for production”. For large scale manufacturing, any of these processes may be
more economical than individual part machining.
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2.15 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CAD/CAM SOFTWARE
01. INTEGRATED CAD/CAM SYSTEM - Pro/engineer, I-DEAS CATIA,
UNIGRAPHICS are integrated CAD/CAM system. We can do design/ analysis/
generation of tool path in same environment.
02. Point/Standalone solution- Softwares, which give only one solution out of
DESIGN, MANUFACTURING & ANALYSIS are called point solution
software. Like AUTO-CAD gives only drafting solution, master cam gives
manufacturing solution& ANSYS, NASTRAN, ADAMS, ABAQUS gives only
analysis solution.
2.15.1 CAD tools required to support the design process