Cadaver Organ Donation & Transplantation in Asian Countries the Way Ahead

8/16/2019 Cadaver Organ Donation & Transplantation in Asian Countries the Way Ahead

1/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,

IV International Congress of Kidney Diseases, Ahembdabad. 11-13th No !""#

Cadaver Organ Donation & Transplantationin Asia – The Way Ahead

Sunil ShroffSunil Shroff

Head of Department - Urology & enal Transplantation!Head of Department - Urology & enal Transplantation!

Sri ama"handra #edi"al College & esear"h $nstitution! #anaging Trustee!Sri ama"handra #edi"al College & esear"h $nstitution! #anaging Trustee!

#OHA% oundation! Chennai#OHA% oundation! Chennai


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


The Organ ShortageThe Organ Shortage

Each day, about 60 people around the worldEach day, about 60 people around the world

receive an organ transplant, while another 13 diereceive an organ transplant, while another 13 die

due to non-availability of organs.due to non-availability of organs.

Organ shortage — the ain liitation to savingOrgan shortage — the ain liitation to saving

lives of critically ill patients — is due to individualslives of critically ill patients — is due to individuals

and their failies not considering organ donationand their failies not considering organ donation

out of fear, ignorance or isunderstanding.out of fear, ignorance or isunderstanding.


3/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Cadaver Transplant in Asia – The oad AheadCadaver Transplant in Asia – The oad Ahead

Overview of !adaver "ransplants in #siaOverview of !adaver "ransplants in #sia

!oon $robles % $latfors!oon $robles % $latfors

"he &oad #head"he &oad #head


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Overvie' of Asia Overvie' of Asia

#sia#sia 'orld'orld $opulation$opulation 3.6 (illion )1.*+ inc3.6 (illion )1.*+ inc 6. (illion6. (illion

o Of !ountrieso Of !ountries /1/1 3/3/

and 2assand 2ass ,30,000 45.,30,000 45. 6,33,71,/ 45.6,33,71,/ 45.

ife E8pectancyife E8pectancy 2 63 yr 9 66yrs2 63 yr 9 66yrs


5/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Cadaver Transplants in Asia Cadaver Transplants in Asia

idneyidney

iveriver

:eart:eart

:eart ung:eart ung $ancreas$ancreas

Source: Asian Transplant Registry


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


() CA($TA $%CO#) O AS$A% COU%T$)S() CA($TA $%CO#) O AS$A% COU%T$)S * $n US Dollars+* $n US Dollars+

High (er Capita $n"ome ,..High (er Capita $n"ome ,..

/apan/apan 01!23. 01!23.

Hong 4ongHong 4ong ,!35. ,!35.

Singapore ,2!,0.Singapore ,2!,0.

4u'ait 26!75.4u'ait 26!75.

$srael 25!,1.$srael 25!,1.S 4orea 2,!.0.S 4orea 2,!.0.

Tai'an 20!0.Tai'an 20!0.

Saudi Ara8ia 7!,1.Saudi Ara8ia 7!,1.

9e8anon9e8anon 1!.1. 1!.1.

#alaysia 0!33.#alaysia 0!33.

Tur:ey ,!3..Tur:ey ,!3..

Average (er Capita $n"ome 2,..Average (er Capita $n"ome 2,..

#aldives#aldives ,!2. ,!2.

Thailand ,!27.Thailand ,!27.

$ran$ran ,!.2. ,!.2.

4a;a:hstan 2!63.4a;a:hstan 2!63.

/ordan 2!3./ordan 2!3.Syria 2!27.Syria 2!27.

China China 2!2.. 2!2..

Tur:menistan 2!2,.Tur:menistan 2!2,.

(hilippines 2!.3.(hilippines 2!.3.

%o Data %o Data - Afghanistan- Afghanistan-


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


High per "apita in"ome & Su""essful TransplantHigh per "apita in"ome & Su""essful Transplant

(rogrammes(rogrammes

/apan/apan

Hong 4ongHong 4ong

SingaporeSingapore

4u'ait4u'ait

$srael$srael

S 4oreaS 4orea

Tai'anTai'an

Saudi Ara8iaSaudi Ara8ia

9e8anon9e8anon

#alaysia#alaysia

Tur:eyTur:ey


8/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


High per "apita in"ome & Cadaver TansplantHigh per "apita in"ome & Cadaver Tansplant

(rogramme(rogramme

Hong 4ongHong 4ongSingaporeSingapore

Tai'anTai'an

Saudi Ara8ia Saudi Ara8ia

#alaysia #alaysia

Tur:eyTur:ey

$ran$ran9e8anon9e8anon

4u'ait4u'ait

$srael$srael

S 4orea S 4orea

/apan/apan

#ost of Asia is struggling 'ith Cadaver (rogramme in"luding regions 'ith high

per "apita


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


4idney T Waiting 9ist in Asia *,..,+4idney T Waiting 9ist in Asia *,..,+

;apan;apan


10/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Transplant )pertise - Asia Transplant )pertise - Asia

;apan has - 3/ transplant centres;apan has - 3/ transplant centres "hailand - * =idney, 6 liver, and 6 !ardiac"hailand - * =idney, 6 liver, and 6 !ardiac

transplantation centers,transplantation centers, >ndia has / centres- iver, 6 - !ardiac and over 100 for>ndia has / centres- iver, 6 - !ardiac and over 100 for

idneys.idneys.3/ centres have underta=en cadaver transplants3/ centres have underta=en cadaver transplants:owever only 6 do it regular fre5uency.:owever only 6 do it regular fre5uency.


11/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Histori"al Aspe"ts – Cadaver Transplantation - $ndia Histori"al Aspe"ts – Cadaver Transplantation - $ndia

16* - 9irst succeesful cadaver idney "ransplant in >ndia16* - 9irst succeesful cadaver idney "ransplant in >ndiaat E2 :ospital, (obayat E2 :ospital, (obay

1 - 9irst successful heart transplant done at #>>24,1 - 9irst successful heart transplant done at #>>24,

.?elhi.?elhi1/ - 9irst successful ulti-organ transplant done at1/ - 9irst successful ulti-organ transplant done at

#pollo :ospital, !hennai#pollo :ospital, !hennai

17 < 9irst 4uccessful ung transplant, 2adras 2edical17 < 9irst 4uccessful ung transplant, 2adras 2edical

2ission :ospital, !hennai2ission :ospital, !hennai1 < 9irst $ancreas "ransplant, #hebdabad1 < 9irst $ancreas "ransplant, #hebdabad


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Transplants - /apanTransplants - /apan

idney "ransplant since 16idney "ransplant since 16 -1/ 113-1/ 113

iver transplants since 17iver transplants since 17 - 11- 11

:eart "ransplants since 17:eart "ransplants since 17 - 1*- 1*

ung transplants since 17ung transplants since 17 - 3- 3

"he organs have largely been obtained fro living and"he organs have largely been obtained fro living and

to soe e8tent fro non-heartto soe e8tent fro non-heart beating donorsbeating donors

efE Shira:ura -WHOFHT(F)HTFT-,..0?2)thi"s! a""ess and safety in tissue andefE Shira:ura -WHOFHT(F)HTFT-,..0?2)thi"s! a""ess and safety in tissue and

organ transplantationE$ssues of glo8al "on"ern? #adrid! Spain! 5-7 O"to8er ,..0organ transplantationE$ssues of glo8al "on"ern? #adrid! Spain! 5-7 O"to8er ,..0


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Cadaver 4idney Transplants in Asia Cadaver 4idney Transplants in Asia

>ndia, "aiwan, orea, "hailand, >ran, 4audi #rabia and 4ingapore>ndia, "aiwan, orea, "hailand, >ran, 4audi #rabia and 4ingapore< &egularly are underta=ing idney !adaver "ransplants< &egularly are underta=ing idney !adaver "ransplants

"aiwan, "hailand, 4ingapore follow the western odel and run"aiwan, "hailand, 4ingapore follow the western odel and run

the prograe alost on the sae linethe prograe alost on the sae line

;apan is still struggling with the prograe though their nubers;apan is still struggling with the prograe though their nubers

are slowly risingare slowly rising

>ndia is eerging as one of the ey players despite still struggling>ndia is eerging as one of the ey players despite still struggling

with the prograe logistics with the prograe logistics

@ery ittle inforation fro !hina is #vailable on their odus@ery ittle inforation fro !hina is #vailable on their odus

operandioperandi


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Cadaver Heart Transplants in Asia Cadaver Heart Transplants in Asia

:ong ong, >ndia, ;apan, 2alaysia, 4audi #rabia,:ong ong, >ndia, ;apan, 2alaysia, 4audi #rabia,

4ingapore and "hailand are doing :eart transplants4ingapore and "hailand are doing :eart transplants

"aiwan and orea do the a8 heart transplants in #sia"aiwan and orea do the a8 heart transplants in #sia


15/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


!adaver iver "ransplants in #sia!adaver iver "ransplants in #sia

orea do the a8iu living liver transplants and has high level oforea do the a8iu living liver transplants and has high level ofe8pertise in the fielde8pertise in the field

,3/ "s )1,760 fro the living donor and 7/ fro the deceased,3/ "s )1,760 fro the living donor and 7/ fro the deceased

donor were perfored in institutes fro 2arch 177 to ?eceberdonor were perfored in institutes fro 2arch 177 to ?eceber

00, although / institutes had perfored ore than 10 "s per year.00, although / institutes had perfored ore than 10 "s per year. ;apan, :ong ong, "aiwan siilarly have e8pertise in living liver;apan, :ong ong, "aiwan siilarly have e8pertise in living liver

transplantstransplants

9our centres in >ndia < located at:yderabad, @ellore and ?elhi have9our centres in >ndia < located at:yderabad, @ellore and ?elhi have

fair e8pertise with liver transplants and eerging as the =ey playersfair e8pertise with liver transplants and eerging as the =ey playersin the country.in the country.


16/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


!adaver idney "ransplants 4cene in >ndia!adaver idney "ransplants 4cene in >ndia

$n past seven years appro? 7, Cadaver organ transplants *23$n past seven years appro? 7, Cadaver organ transplants *23:idneys! 0 9ivers and 06 Hearts+ have 8een performed:idneys! 0 9ivers and 06 Hearts+ have 8een performed

0 Centres have underta:en Cadaver transplants0 Centres have underta:en Cadaver transplants

#a@ority of these 0 "entres are (rivate or trust hospitals#a@ority of these 0 "entres are (rivate or trust hospitals

Of these only half a do;en underta:e "adaver transplants regularlyOf these only half a do;en underta:e "adaver transplants regularly

Almost .G of the "adaver transplants in $ndia done in Tamil %aduAlmost .G of the "adaver transplants in $ndia done in Tamil %adu

Tamil %adu Organ Sharing %et'or: "ould 8e"ome the role modelTamil %adu Organ Sharing %et'or: "ould 8e"ome the role model

for rest of the "ountryfor rest of the "ountry

Approx.200 centres in India have expertise to undertake kidney

transplants


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


(rain ?eath egislation(rain ?eath egislation

Over 20 countries in Asia do transplants

Singapore – 2736Singapore – 2736

(hilippine(hilippine – 2772– 2772

Thailand – 2735 F 2775Thailand – 2735 F 2775$ndia -277$ndia -277

/apan – 2776/apan – 2776

S? 4orea - ,...S? 4orea - ,...


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Asian Countries Underta:ing Transplants –Asian Countries Underta:ing Transplants –

4idneys alone4idneys alone


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Asian Countries Underta:ing #ulti–organAsian Countries Underta:ing #ulti–organ

TransplantsTransplants

Hong 4ongHong 4ong – 4! H! 9i! H-9– 4! H! 9i! H-9

$ndia$ndia – 4! H! 9i! H-9! (– 4! H! 9i! H-9! (

/apan/apan – 4! H! 9! 9! 4-(– 4! H! 9! 9! 4-(

4orea4orea - 4! H! 9i! 9! 4-(- 4! H! 9i! 9! 4-(

(eople ep China(eople ep China – 4! H! 9i– 4! H! 9i

Saudi Ara8iaSaudi Ara8ia –4! H! 9! 9i–4! H! 9! 9i

SingaporeSingapore – 4! H! 9! 9i– 4! H! 9! 9i

Tai'anTai'an – 4! H! H-9! 9i– 4! H! H-9! 9i

ThailandThailand – 4! H! H-9! 9i– 4! H! H-9! 9i

Legend: 4-4idneys! 4-( - 4idneys & (an"reas! H-Heart! 9-9ung!

H-9-Heart & 9ung! 9i- 9iver


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Overview of !adaver "ransplants inOverview of !adaver "ransplants in

#sia#sia

!oon $robles % $latfors!oon $robles % $latfors "he 'ay #head"he 'ay #head

Cadaver Transplant in Asia – The oad AheadCadaver Transplant in Asia – The oad Ahead


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Common (ro8lems & (latformsCommon (ro8lems & (latforms

2agnitude of the $roble2agnitude of the $roble $ublic and $rofessionals #ttitude to (rain ?eath %$ublic and $rofessionals #ttitude to (rain ?eath %

Organ ?onationOrgan ?onation

&eligion % Organ ?onation&eligion % Organ ?onation egal #spectsegal #spects 2edia and 4candals2edia and 4candals &eporting of (rain ?eath&eporting of (rain ?eath :ospital >nfrastructure:ospital >nfrastructure "rained "ransplant !o-ordinators A!ounsellors"rained "ransplant !o-ordinators A!ounsellors


22/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


$n"iden"e of )SD $n Asians &


23/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


World Status of TransplantsWorld Status of Transplants

#nnual uber of =idney transplantations per illion#nnual uber of =idney transplantations per illion

population )pp -population )pp -

B4# -B4# - // $redoinantly !adaver ?onors$redoinantly !adaver ?onors

Europe -Europe - ** $redoinantly !adaver ?onors$redoinantly !adaver ?onors#sia -#sia - 33 $redoinantly iving ?onors$redoinantly iving ?onors

$n last 2. to 2 years the rate of 8oth :idney an liver transplants havein"reased 8ut heart has remained stati"? $n ,... appro? 2!... :idneys

'ere transplanted in ea"h region.


24/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Cadaver Donor atesCadaver Donor ates

"he !adaver donors per illion population per year"he !adaver donors per illion population per year

B4# -B4# - 0.*0.*

Europe -Europe - 1/.1/. #sia -#sia - 1.11.1

4outh #erica -4outh #erica - .6.6


25/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Waiting 9ist for Organs :eep ro'ingWaiting 9ist for Organs :eep ro'ing

Only about ./+ of the ;apanese carry donor cards, butOnly about ./+ of the ;apanese carry donor cards, but

ore than 13,000 ;apanese are waiting for transplants.ore than 13,000 ;apanese are waiting for transplants.

>n 9ebruary 000, a -year-old woan who was>n 9ebruary 000, a -year-old woan who wasdeclared brain dead following a brain heorrhage anddeclared brain dead following a brain heorrhage and

stro=e donated all four of the organs used in recentstro=e donated all four of the organs used in recent

transplants. "he woanCs heart went to a an in histransplants. "he woanCs heart went to a an in his

0s0s


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


(hysi"ians Attitude to Organ Donation(hysi"ians Attitude to Organ Donation

orean health professionalsC attitudes and =nowledge towardorean health professionalsC attitudes and =nowledge towardorgan donation and transplantationorgan donation and transplantation.. Kim JR, Elliott D, Hyde C. 2004Kim JR, Elliott D, Hyde C. 2004Mar;41(3):29930!.Mar;41(3):29930!.

"here was a"here was a la"# o$ #%o&led'e y Korea% ealt *ro$e++io%al+la"# o$ #%o&led 'e y Korea% ealt *ro$e++io%al+ surrounding brain death and the organ procureent process.surrounding brain death and the organ procureent process.

$articipantsC attitudes were i8ed and soewhat negative, as$articipantsC attitudes were i8ed and soewhat negative, as

they didthey did %ot re'ard rai% deat a+ tre deat%ot re'ard rai% deat a+ tre deat

orea < Organ donation rate below per illion population per year.orea < Organ donation rate below per illion population per year.


27/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


(hysi"ians Attitude to Organ Donation(hysi"ians Attitude to Organ Donation

Outoded attitudes toward organ donation aong "ur=ish healthOutoded attitudes toward organ donation aong "ur=ish healthcare professionals.care professionals. -o*a+ M, Ca% , Ca% M/, '% .-ra%+*la%t ro". 200-o*a+ M, Ca% , Ca% M/, '% .-ra%+*la%t ro". 200

J%;3!():19952000. J%;3!():19952000.

# large proportion of $hysicians are indifferent to organ# large proportion of $hysicians are indifferent to organdonation process. &eason cited for this were -donation process. &eason cited for this were -

ac= of inforation regarding the donation process )7.*+,ac= of inforation regarding the donation process )7.*+,

!oncerns about the sale of organs ).1+,!oncerns about the sale of organs ).1+,

>slaic religious beliefs )1.6+>slaic religious beliefs )1.6+


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Dr.Sunil Shroff,


(u8li" Attitude(u8li" Attitude

"ur=ey"ur=ey )nD**)nD** - /.+ would consider donating organs- /.+ would consider donating organs

$a=istan)n 36*


29/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


(u8li" Attitude - Singapore(u8li" Attitude - Singapore

So"ial and "ultural aspe"ts of organ donation in Asia?So"ial and "ultural aspe"ts of organ donation in Asia?'oo ". #nn #cad 2ed 4ingapore. 1 2ay1)3'oo ". #nn #cad 2ed 4ingapore. 1 2ay1)3

>portant isconceptions and fears were portant isconceptions and fears were < 9ear of death,9ear of death,

(elief that reoval of organ violates sanctity of decreased(elief that reoval of organ violates sanctity of decreased

!oncern about being cut up after death,!oncern about being cut up after death,

?esire to be buried whole,?esire to be buried whole,

?isli=e of idea of =idneys inside another person,?isli=e of idea of =idneys inside another person, 'rong concept of brain death,'rong concept of brain death,

>dea of donation being against religious conviction>dea of donation being against religious conviction


30/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


(u8li" Attitude - China (u8li" Attitude - China

>nvestigation of understanding and willingness of organ transplantation>nvestigation of understanding and willingness of organ transplantationin young people in (eiFing, 4hanghai, 'uhanin young people in (eiFing, 4hanghai, 'uhan ?? honghua Bi Iue a hi? 2776honghua Bi Iue a hi? 2776/anJ66*2+E,,-6? 9iu B! 9ei H! >iu ? China oundation of Organ Transplantation Development! Wuhan/anJ66*2+E,,-6? 9iu B! 9ei H! >iu ? China oundation of Organ Transplantation Development! Wuhan

!ities of !hina

Goung people have a better understanding of organ transplantationGoung people have a better understanding of organ transplantation !onventional attitudes and feudal habits are the aFor obstacle to the!onventional attitudes and feudal habits are the aFor obstacle to the

developent of organ transplantation in !hina.developent of organ transplantation in !hina.


31/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Results of the SurveyResults of the Survey

9ess than .G overall positive response in favour of9ess than .G overall positive response in favour of

donating solid organsdonating solid organs

6,G 'ere 'illing for K)yeL donation and "arry a6,G 'ere 'illing for K)yeL donation and "arry a

KDonor CardLKDonor CardL All ma@or religions 'ere 'illing to "onsider organAll ma@or religions 'ere 'illing to "onsider organ

donationdonation

Results of the SurveyResults of the Survey

9ess than .G overall positive response in favour of9ess than .G overall positive response in favour of

donating solid organsdonating solid organs

6,G 'ere 'illing for K)yeL donation and "arry a6,G 'ere 'illing for K)yeL donation and "arry a

KDonor CardLKDonor CardL All ma@or religions 'ere 'illing to "onsider organAll ma@or religions 'ere 'illing to "onsider organ

donationdonation

SURVEY ON “PUBLIC ATTITUDE TOWARDS ORGAN DONATION &TRANSPLANATATION”

Shroff S, Shankar R ! a", In#$an %#$a" Tr$'(n, )**+

SURVEY ON “PUBLIC ATTITUDE TOWARDS ORGAN DONATION &TRANSPLANATATION”

Shroff S, Shankar R ! a", In#$an %#$a" Tr$'(n, )**+

(u8li" Attitude and Organ donation in $ndia (u8li" Attitude and Organ donation in $ndia


32/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


$$%e&uest for '('S) *I%S+) - S'' *A/I0( %'AC+S%e&uest for '('S) *I%S+) - S'' *A/I0( %'AC+S

*amily illing*amily illing *amily %elutant*amily %elutant

As2 *or Solid rgansAs2 *or Solid rgans Abandon 'ffortsAbandon 'fforts

eart, 0ier, Kidneys ..4eart, 0ier, Kidneys ..4

Inform +rans5lant Co-oordinator Inform +rans5lant Co-oordinator

$$%e&uest for '('S) *I%S+) - S'' *A/I0( %'AC+S%e&uest for '('S) *I%S+) - S'' *A/I0( %'AC+S

*amily illing*amily illing *amily %elutant*amily %elutant

As2 *or Solid rgansAs2 *or Solid rgans Abandon 'ffortsAbandon 'fforts

eart, 0ier, Kidneys ..4eart, 0ier, Kidneys ..4

Inform +rans5lant Co-oordinator Inform +rans5lant Co-oordinator

Above protocol called “THE RAMACHANDRA PROTOCOL” “THE RAMACHANDRA PROTOCOL” to ask for organs

CONCLSION !CONCLSION ! “PUBLIC ATTITUDE SURVEY”

+ ASK *% %6ANS IN +' 'V'N+ * $7%AIN D'A+) 8A+I'N+ + ASK *% %6ANS IN +' 'V'N+ * $7%AIN D'A+) 8A+I'N+


33/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Singapore - 9egal Aspe"tsSingapore - 9egal Aspe"ts

":E :B2# O&H# "4$#" #!" ):O"# O9":E :B2# O&H# "4$#" #!" ):O"# O917* < 4ingapore17* < 4ingapore

IJIJ.. idneys can be procured fro patients of road.. idneys can be procured fro patients of road

traffic accidentswho have been declared Ibrain-deadKtraffic accidentswho have been declared Ibrain-deadKunless they have O$"E? OB" ) $resued !onsentunless they have O$"E? OB" ) $resued !onsent

)2uslis e8epted)2uslis e8epted


34/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


9egal Aspe"ts9egal Aspe"ts

#alaysia -#alaysia - The K9AWS O #A9ABS$A! ACT 20. 2761The K9AWS O #A9ABS$A! ACT 20. 2761

- 'hi"h provides for the use of parts of the human- 'hi"h provides for the use of parts of the human

8odies of de"eased persons for therapeuti"8odies of de"eased persons for therapeuti"

purposes and for purposes of medi"al edu"ationpurposes and for purposes of medi"al edu"ationand resear"h?and resear"h?

S?4orea -S?4orea - The Transplant A"t 'as first passed in 2777The Transplant A"t 'as first passed in 2777

and then revie'ed in ,..,?and then revie'ed in ,..,?

The A"t "overs organs and tissues *only 8oneThe A"t "overs organs and tissues *only 8one

marro' *


35/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


Thailand - 9egal Aspe"tsThailand - 9egal Aspe"ts

"here is no law to directly govern transplant procedures"here is no law to directly govern transplant proceduresin "hailand.in "hailand.

"he 2edical !ouncil is responsible in regulating huan"he 2edical !ouncil is responsible in regulating huan

organ transplantation. "hey decide the criteria fro tieorgan transplantation. "hey decide the criteria fro tieto tie.to tie.

2edical !ouncil in "hailand deterines whether any2edical !ouncil in "hailand deterines whether any

punitive action should be ta=en against the doctorspunitive action should be ta=en against the doctors


36/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,


S?4orea – 9egal Aspe"tsS?4orea – 9egal Aspe"ts


37/91

Dr.Sunil Shroff,IV International Congress of Kidney Diseases, Ahembdabad. 11-13th No !""#

(H$9$(($%)S - 9)A9 AS()CTS(H$9$(($%)S - 9)A9 AS()CTS

&E$B(>! #!" *1*0, 11 -&E$B(>! #!" *1*0, 11 -

which authoriLes the legacy or donation of all or part of which authoriLes the legacy or donation of all or part of

the huan body after death for specified purposesthe huan body after death for specified purposes


38/91


$)T%A# - 9)A9 AS()CTS$)T%A# - 9)A9 AS()CTS

":E !>@> !O?E, #&">!E 3, !:#$"E& ":E !>@> !O?E, #&">!E 3, !:#$"E&

- re5uiring consent fro donor or ne8t-of-=in.- re5uiring consent fro donor or ne8t-of-=in.

II":E $EO$EM4 :E#": $&O"E!">O !O?E,":E $EO$EM4 :E#": $&O"E!">O !O?E,

!:#$"E& K providing for tissue transplantation.!:#$"E& K providing for tissue transplantation.


39/91


$%DO%)S$A - 9)A9 AS()CTS E$%DO%)S$A - 9)A9 AS()CTS E

":E >?OE4># 1 :E#": &EHB#">O":E >?OE4># 1 :E#": &EHB#">O

- provides for procureent of tissues fro living donors- provides for procureent of tissues fro living donors

only.only.

9#"'# 9O& (OE, 4> % #2>O9#"'# 9O& (OE, 4> % #2>O

- introduced in ;BE 1* by religious council- introduced in ;BE 1* by religious council

peritting tissue procureent fro cadaveric donors.peritting tissue procureent fro cadaveric donors.


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O % "4$#"#">O">44BE ?O#">O % "4$#"#">O

1 #!"1 #!"

- passed recently peritting donation fro both living and- passed recently peritting donation fro both living and

cadaveric donors.cadaveric donors.


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S$ 9A%4A - 9egal Aspe"tsS$ 9A%4A - 9egal Aspe"ts

EH# #4$E!"4 N I":E :B2# ">44BEEH# #4$E!"4 N I":E :B2# ">44BE

"4$#"#">O #!" O 7 O9 17*"4$#"#">O #!" O 7 O9 17*

which re5uires consent fro donor or ne8t-of-=in. which re5uires consent fro donor or ne8t-of-=in.


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$ndia – 9egal Aspe"ts$ndia – 9egal Aspe"ts

Transplantation of Human Organs A"t! 2771

Aims

egulate removal! storage and

transplantation of human organs for

therapeuti" purposes

To prevent "ommer"ial dealings in

organs

e"ognise


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)9$$OUS & CU9TUA9 AS()CTS)9$$OUS & CU9TUA9 AS()CTS

&eligion plays aFor role in prooting Organ ?onation.&eligion plays aFor role in prooting Organ ?onation.2aFor religions in #sia $acific include -2aFor religions in #sia $acific include -

>sla>sla (uddhis(uddhis !hristianity!hristianity :induis:induis 4i=his4i=his

;udais;udais


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eligion and Organ Donationeligion and Organ Donation

!oon thread that binds all religions of the world

"here is no religions that is against organ donation"here is no religions that is against organ donation

'hat holds bac= is cultural reservations,'hat holds bac= is cultural reservations,

>gnorance of the process of organ donation,>gnorance of the process of organ donation,

9ear of utilation,9ear of utilation,

ac= of eotional support at tie of tragedy,ac= of eotional support at tie of tragedy,

9ear that organs will be sold or used only by the rich9ear that organs will be sold or used only by the rich 2istrust of hospitals and health professionals2istrust of hospitals and health professionals

2yths.2yths.


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eligious Attitude to Donationeligious Attitude to Donation

!hinese


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47/91



48/91


n countries where (uddhis is predoinant there is noshortage of "issue A P Organ donors -shortage of "issue A P Organ donors -

4ri an=a4ri an=a

"hailand"hailand

@ietna@ietna

2yanar2yanar


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50/91


#uslims & Organ Donation#uslims & Organ Donation

2uslis the ost controversial group -2uslis the ost controversial group - oran does not forbid tissue donationoran does not forbid tissue donation oran states that if by not transplanting an organ ororan states that if by not transplanting an organ or

tissue, the person will die, then it is perissible totissue, the person will die, then it is perissible todonate. >t is allowed for an eergency to save life.donate. >t is allowed for an eergency to save life.

?ifferent interpretations by different religious leaders,?ifferent interpretations by different religious leaders,QustaLsM and QulaasMQustaLsM and QulaasM

2uslis ust bury the body as soon as possible after2uslis ust bury the body as soon as possible afterdeath < the sooner the better usually less than 7 hours.death < the sooner the better usually less than 7 hours.


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(redominantly –(redominantly – Saudi Ara8ia Saudi Ara8ia

$ran$ran

$ra=$ra=

4u'ait4u'ait Tur:eyTur:ey

(a:istan(a:istan


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Each country has its own Q2B9">M -religious official appointed byEach country has its own Q2B9">M -religious official appointed byHovt to deal with >slaic attersHovt to deal with >slaic atters

QQ9#"'#4M are religious rulings ade by Q9atwa !oitteeM as9#"'#4M are religious rulings ade by Q9atwa !oitteeM as

official stand by Hovt. on various issues.official stand by Hovt. on various issues.

QQ9atwa !oitteeM chaired by 2B9"> includes proinent9atwa !oitteeM chaired by 2B9"> includes proinent

religious leaders, lawyers, doctors and other ebers of publicreligious leaders, lawyers, doctors and other ebers of public

Bat&a+ are %ot le'al i%di%'Bat&a+ are %ot le'al i%di%'..

li O i


53/91



9atwas declared in several countries9atwas declared in several countries 4audi #rabia N 17/ - perit both living related and4audi #rabia N 17/ - perit both living related and

cadaveric donation of organscadaveric donation of organs

$a=istan,$a=istan, (angladesh,(angladesh,

2alaysia - 1/2alaysia - 1/

>ndonesia>ndonesia


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55/91

Ch i i i O iCh i ti it O D ti


56/91


Christianity - Organ DonationChristianity - Organ Donation

$redoinantly -$redoinantly - $hilippines$hilippines

ess ?oinant ndia>ndia

o bar to organ donation -o bar to organ donation - 4hortage of ?onors in $hilippines,4hortage of ?onors in $hilippines,

4ingapore and orea due to cultural factors.4ingapore and orea due to cultural factors.

Ch i i i O D iCh i ti it O D ti


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Christianity - Organ DonationChristianity - Organ Donation

4"#"E2E" (G $O$E ;O: $#B >>


58/91


Hinduism and Organ DonationHinduism and Organ Donation

$redoinantly $redoinantly >ndia>ndia

E44 ?O2>#"E44 ?O2>#" 4ri an=a )R10+4ri an=a )R10+

4ingapore )/+4ingapore )/+

2alaysia2alaysia

>ndonesia>ndonesia

"hailand"hailand

@eitna@eitna

/ i i & Si:hi/ i i & Si:hi


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/ainism & Si:hism/ainism & Si:hism

li i i t d ti li i i t d ti


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eligions against organ donationeligions against organ donation

Hree= Orthodo8, 4hinto and Hypsies are three religionsHree= Orthodo8, 4hinto and Hypsies are three religionsthat do not encourage body donationthat do not encourage body donation

;ehovahMs witness is another !hristian sect that is;ehovahMs witness is another !hristian sect that is

against such actsagainst such acts

T l i i il d O D tiT l i i il d O D ti


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Television! ilms and Organ DonationTelevision! ilms and Organ Donation

"@ prograes and 9ils that have proFected donation as"@ prograes and 9ils that have proFected donation aspotentially harful % E8poitative. "@ progras li=e


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#edia and S"andals -#edia and S"andals - T T aila%d aila%d

Do"tors #ay a"e #urder ChargeDo"tors #ay a"e #urder Charge The New Straits Times, September 1, 2000The New Straits Times, September 1, 2000

"hree doctors fro a (ang=o= private hospital allegedly =illed"hree doctors fro a (ang=o= private hospital allegedly =illed

patients in 1*, harvested the =idneys and sold their =idneys topatients in 1*, harvested the =idneys and sold their =idneys to

rich transplant patients will face urder charges. fa=ingrich transplant patients will face urder charges. fa=ing

paperwor= to cover their crie.paperwor= to cover their crie.

# police in5uiry into the scandal said - the organs were reoved# police in5uiry into the scandal said - the organs were reoved

fro patients who were pronounced brain dead, a condition notfro patients who were pronounced brain dead, a condition notaccepted as legally dead in "hailand.accepted as legally dead in "hailand.

# di & S d l /#edia & S"andals /apan


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#edia & S"andals - /apan#edia & S"andals - /apan

The Washington (ostE April ,! 2776The Washington (ostE April ,! 2776

# ;apanese surgeon who perfored the operation was# ;apanese surgeon who perfored the operation was

investigated in connection with the alleged urder ofinvestigated in connection with the alleged urder ofthe donor. :e was not indicted, but the lengthy criinalthe donor. :e was not indicted, but the lengthy criinal

proceedings bloc=ed all further operationsproceedings bloc=ed all further operations

#edia & Organ Donation#edia & Organ Donation


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#edia & Organ Donation#edia & Organ Donation

"he power of the press can also be deonstrated in the"he power of the press can also be deonstrated in theso-called Ticholas Hreen effect.Iso-called Ticholas Hreen effect.I

icholas was a *-year-old #erican child, shot dead byicholas was a *-year-old #erican child, shot dead by

bandits in >taly in 1bandits in >taly in 1

:is parents agreed to donate his organs:is parents agreed to donate his organs

>talian press reported it e8tensively>talian press reported it e8tensively

"he positives ipact =ic= started the >talian cadaver"he positives ipact =ic= started the >talian cadaver

prograeprograe

Under reporting of


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Under-reporting of


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$robles with !adaver Organ ?onation $rograe in #sia$robles with !adaver Organ ?onation $rograe in #sia

ovt? (ro8lemovt? (ro8lem

%o unding for programme%o unding for programme

Hospital pro8lemHospital pro8lem

%o efforts to identify & maintain K


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Common (ro8lems - A'arenessCommon (ro8lems - A'areness

ac= of awareness of (rain death both public % healthcareac= of awareness of (rain death both public % healthcareprofessionalsprofessionals

&eligious diversity with soe religions though accepting the broad&eligious diversity with soe religions though accepting the broadconcept, are still reluctant to give their full support to theconcept, are still reluctant to give their full support to theprograe.prograe.

Hovt. inertia in ipleentation of policies to push the prograeHovt. inertia in ipleentation of policies to push the prograeforward.forward.

ac= of trained personnel to run the infra-structural logistics of theac= of trained personnel to run the infra-structural logistics of theprograe.prograe.

ac= of a coon platfor to structure soe collaborative wor=ac= of a coon platfor to structure soe collaborative wor= ac= of Organ sharing networ= within the regionac= of Organ sharing networ= within the region ac= of resources in soe instances to push the prograe forwardac= of resources in soe instances to push the prograe forward


68/91


Pak$n & Tran-or!

of oran-

Pak$n & Tran-or!

of oran-

3(a"$f$# In!n-$4$-!- $n

ICU-

3(a"$f$# In!n-$4$-!- $n

ICU-

S(--f(" R!r$4a" & T5S(--f(" R!r$4a" & T5

6LA T$--( !7$n an# Cro--8/a!h 9a$"$!76LA T$--( !7$n an# Cro--8/a!h 9a$"$!7

Tra$n# !ran-"an! Co8oor#$na!or-Tra$n# !ran-"an! Co8oor#$na!or-

S(or! Oran$-a!$on

!o N!:ork & ;R$-!r$-

S(or! Oran$-a!$on

!o N!:ork & ;R$-!r$-

6o-$!a" Infra8S!r(!(ra" & S(or! Lo$-!$-6o-$!a" Infra8S!r(!(ra" & S(or! Lo$-!$-

i l f S l S i i


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Transport of organs –8et'een "ities

Transport of organs –8et'een "ities

Ade=uate %o? of >ualified

$ntensivists in $CUs

Ade=uate %o? of >ualified

$ntensivists in $CUs

Well =ualified Surgeons to

underta:e etrieval & TI

Well =ualified Surgeons to

underta:e etrieval & TI

H9A Tissue typing and Cross-mat"hH9A Tissue typing and Cross-mat"h

>ualified

Trained transplant

Co-"oordinators

>ualified

Trained transplant

Co-"oordinators

Support Organisation

to %et'or:

Support Organisation

to %et'or:

Hospital $nfra-Stru"tural & Support 9ogisti"sHospital $nfra-Stru"tural & Support 9ogisti"s

!adaver "ransplants 4cene in #sia < "he 'ay!adaver "ransplants 4cene in #sia < "he 'ay


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p y

9orward9orward

Overview of !adaver "ransplants inOverview of !adaver "ransplants in#sia#sia

!oon $robles % $latfors!oon $robles % $latfors "he 'ay #head"he 'ay #head

The Way or'ardThe Way or'ard


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The Way or'ardThe Way or'ard

4trengthen the #sian "ransplant etwor=4trengthen the #sian "ransplant etwor= Establish a coon prograe siilar to Euro-Establish a coon prograe siilar to Euro-

transplant etwor=transplant etwor=

4tart sharing organs that are not used locally4tart sharing organs that are not used locally

Bse technology effectivelyBse technology effectively

Evolve a 4panish style co-ordinators course for #sianEvolve a 4panish style co-ordinators course for #sian

countriescountries

?o our own #sian "ransplant Haes to build patient?o our own #sian "ransplant Haes to build patientfellowshipfellowship

:ave ore fre5uent #sian "ransplant 4ociety eeting:ave ore fre5uent #sian "ransplant 4ociety eeting

Organisational "hangesOrganisational "hanges


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Organisational "hangesOrganisational "hanges

2odel ational "ransplant 4ervice2odel ational "ransplant 4ervice

!B staff on brain-death

Cadaveri" DonationCadaveri" Donation


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Cadaveri" DonationCadaveri" Donation

9or cadaveric donation -9or cadaveric donation -IIsociety reains a crucial aspect in a transplantsociety reains a crucial aspect in a transplant

prograeKprograeK

4trategies to decrease refusal rates by failies include4trategies to decrease refusal rates by failies includeefforts at education -efforts at education -

the general population,the general population,

&eligious heads % opinion leaders&eligious heads % opinion leaders

health care wor=ers individuallyhealth care wor=ers individually

through the ass ediathrough the ass edia

)n"ouraging (eople to Dis"uss Organ)n"ouraging (eople to Dis"uss Organ


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DonationDonation

Encouraging people to spea= about organ donation andEncouraging people to spea= about organ donation andtransplantation and to a=e their wishes =nown to theirtransplantation and to a=e their wishes =nown to their

relatives could change the picture resulting in 3-+ ofrelatives could change the picture resulting in 3-+ of

people allowing donationpeople allowing donation

'hen the wishes of the deceased are not =nown, only'hen the wishes of the deceased are not =nown, only

/0+ of people will agree to organ retrieval fro their/0+ of people will agree to organ retrieval fro their

relativesrelatives

(resen"e of amily #em8er During


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y gy g

TestingTesting

2ost failies faced with brain ste death of a relative find the2ost failies faced with brain ste death of a relative find theconcept difficult to understand and have trouble in accepting thatconcept difficult to understand and have trouble in accepting that

their relative is actually deadtheir relative is actually dead

9aily ebers were given choice to be or not to be present during9aily ebers were given choice to be or not to be present during

brain ste death testingbrain ste death testing

>t is suggested that presence of faily ebers during brain ste>t is suggested that presence of faily ebers during brain ste

death testing not only helps failies to accept this concept of deathdeath testing not only helps failies to accept this concept of death

but also prootes the grieving processbut also prootes the grieving process

The presen"e of family during 8rain stem death testing?The presen"e of family during 8rain stem death testing? Doran #$ %ntensi&e ritDoran #$ %ntensi&e ritare Nurs$ 2004 'eb(20)1*:+2- are Nurs$ 2004 'eb(20)1*:+2-

(ro@e"t (ositive Aspe"ts(ro@e"t (ositive Aspe"ts


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(ro@e"t (ositive Aspe"ts(ro@e"t (ositive Aspe"ts

2any donor relatives have stated that donating their2any donor relatives have stated that donating theirloved oneCs organs does not a=e the pain of theirloved oneCs organs does not a=e the pain of their

death disappeardeath disappear

(ut that it gives their death eaningN that soething so(ut that it gives their death eaningN that soething so

positive coes fro tragedy.positive coes fro tragedy.

(ereaved failies can e8perience cofort that their(ereaved failies can e8perience cofort that their

loved oneCs gift gave another person a second chanceloved oneCs gift gave another person a second chance

at lifeat life

Consent for DonationConsent for Donation


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Consent for DonationConsent for Donation

$re-orte < via ?onor !ards, ?riving icense$re-orte < via ?onor !ards, ?riving icense !onsent of his faily following death!onsent of his faily following death

4oe for of a4oe for of a cobination of the two are necessarycobination of the two are necessary

QQ4upererogatory perissionK4upererogatory perissionK Bnderlying preise of such a consent would be thatBnderlying preise of such a consent would be that

Iorgans of dead people are public goodsK, and donationIorgans of dead people are public goodsK, and donation

ust be considered Isiilar to other copulsory civilust be considered Isiilar to other copulsory civil

obligationsK within societyobligationsK within society"he perission is a oral rather than a legal"he perission is a oral rather than a legal

re5uireentre5uireent

(resumed Consent & Organ Donation(resumed Consent & Organ Donation


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(resumed Consent & Organ Donation(resumed Consent & Organ Donation

(elgiu, #ustria, 9inland, 9rance, orway, 4pain, and 4ingapore(elgiu, #ustria, 9inland, 9rance, orway, 4pain, and 4ingaporeipleented Tpresued consentTipleented Tpresued consentT

9ranceCs presued consent )$! law has produced increases in9ranceCs presued consent )$! law has produced increases in

organ donation approaching /,000+.organ donation approaching /,000+.

(elgiu passed its version of $! in 176, and organ donation(elgiu passed its version of $! in 176, and organ donationclibed by 173+, with ulti-organ retrieval significantlyclibed by 173+, with ulti-organ retrieval significantly

increased to 11+ for =idneys.increased to 11+ for =idneys. ""he donor rate increased fro 10he donor rate increased fro 10

to donors per illion population between 176 and 1*.to donors per illion population between 176 and 1*.

#ustria passed its $! law in 17. (y the end of 10, the#ustria passed its $! law in 17. (y the end of 10, thenuber of patients receiving =idneys was nearly the sae as thenuber of patients receiving =idneys was nearly the sae as the

nuber on the waiting listnuber on the waiting list

e=uired e=uest 9a'e=uired e=uest 9a'


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e=uired e=uest 9a'e=uired e=uest 9a'

&e5uires that foral re5uest for organ donation be&e5uires that foral re5uest for organ donation beade of the failies of all potential donors in the >!B.ade of the failies of all potential donors in the >!B.

"he rationale is that a statutory approach would"he rationale is that a statutory approach would

overcoe hesitancy by healthcare professionals at aovercoe hesitancy by healthcare professionals at a

tie of such eotional distress.tie of such eotional distress.

&e5uired &e5uest aw has been introduced into any&e5uired &e5uest aw has been introduced into any

states in the B4# by legislation and helped iprovestates in the B4# by legislation and helped iprove

organ donation rateorgan donation rate

#andated Choi"e#andated Choi"e


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#andated Choi"e#andated Choi"e

2andated choiceN "his re5uires people to state their2andated choiceN "his re5uires people to state theirMwillingness to donate or notM when filing soe state ofMwillingness to donate or notM when filing soe state of

institutional return such as a driving licence or incoeinstitutional return such as a driving licence or incoe

ta8 for.ta8 for.

"he inforation would be =ept on a central register,"he inforation would be =ept on a central register,

accessible at tie of deathaccessible at tie of death

#andated Choi"e & Driving 9i"ense#andated Choi"e & Driving 9i"ense


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#andated Choi"e & Driving 9i"ense#andated Choi"e & Driving 9i"ense

16 - 4weden instituted a andated choice law. "here16 - 4weden instituted a andated choice law. "here was an iediate increase of 600,000 potential donors. was an iediate increase of 600,000 potential donors.

# siilar 10 law in ?enar= increased their donor# siilar 10 law in ?enar= increased their donor

registry by 1/0,000.registry by 1/0,000.

A"tion e=uired – #uslim CountriesA"tion e=uired – #uslim Countries


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A"tion e=uired #uslim CountriesA"tion e=uired #uslim Countries

2ore public education needed to change cultural2ore public education needed to change culturalbeliefs and practices although >sla does not forbidbeliefs and practices although >sla does not forbid

Organ or tissue donationOrgan or tissue donation

9atwas alone will not wor=.9atwas alone will not wor=.

!onstantly addressing asses through edia by!onstantly addressing asses through edia by

religious head ay help to iprove sentientsreligious head ay help to iprove sentients

eligion & Organ Donationeligion & Organ Donation


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eligion & Organ Donationeligion & Organ Donation

$lan aFor conferences of religious heads on organ donation$lan aFor conferences of religious heads on organ donationand transplantation in all regions of #siaand transplantation in all regions of #sia ..

2ost people are ill- infored about their religions attitude2ost people are ill- infored about their religions attitude

towards organ donation.towards organ donation.

2aFor initiative re5uired to correct this2aFor initiative re5uired to correct this

#n E8ploratory 4tudy E8aining the >nfluence of &eligion on #ttitudes "owards#n E8ploratory 4tudy E8aining the >nfluence of &eligion on #ttitudes "owards

Organ ?onation #ong the #sian $opulation in uton,BOrgan ?onation #ong the #sian $opulation in uton,B


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%O or roups involved in Organ donation inany part of the Asia have to ta":le variousissues in the field of "adaver organ donationand transplantation simultaneously

#ore Support groups 'ith "ommon

o8@e"tives are needed

#ore resour"es ne"essary to 4i": start su"han $nitiative

"hat is Re#uired

(romote Organ Donation Among


85/91


(romote Organ Donation Among t would be useful to design prootion progras tofacilitate blood donorsC participation in organ donation.facilitate blood donorsC participation in organ donation.

Attitudes a8out organ and tissue donation among the general pu8li" andAttitudes a8out organ and tissue donation among the general pu8li" and

8lood donors in Hong 4ong?8lood donors in Hong 4ong? Li ./, Lin /, Lam ./, Seto , Lau T,Li ./, Lin /, Lam ./, Seto , Lau T,heung L, ong #, han 3, /o #$ .rog Transp"ant$ 2001 un(11)2*:610+$heung L, ong #, han 3, /o #$ .rog Transp"ant$ 2001 un(11)2*:610+$

Department of #edi!ine and Therapeuti!s, .rin!e of a"es 7ospita", 7ong /ongDepartment of #edi!ine and Therapeuti!s, .rin!e of a"es 7ospita", 7ong /ong

2a=e ocal 4haring $rotocols2a=e ocal 4haring $rotocols


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2a=e ocal 4haring $rotocols2a=e ocal 4haring $rotocols

5 4idneys have 8een 'astedin the last four years of the

22, 4idneys shared in the

$%OS net'or: due to these

pro8lems (oor etrieval Te"hni=ue – ,(oor etrieval Te"hni=ue – ,

%o


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(otential Countries That "an Su""eed 'ith (rogramme(otential Countries That "an Su""eed 'ith (rogramme

Countries that "an have su""ess 'ith Cadaver TransplantCountries that "an have su""ess 'ith Cadaver Transplantprogrammes in Asia and ma:e a differen"e -programmes in Asia and ma:e a differen"e -

>ndia < o &eligious bar to donation>ndia < o &eligious bar to donation >ran < :as a logistic approach>ran < :as a logistic approach

4audi #rabia < :as the laws4audi #rabia < :as the laws "ur=ey < iberal 2usli !ountry"ur=ey < iberal 2usli !ountry "aiwan < 'ell organiLed 4=ills"aiwan < 'ell organiLed 4=ills !hina < !abale of organiLing the prograe!hina < !abale of organiLing the prograe

4ri an=a < :igh (uddhist counity. Eye prograe success4ri an=a < :igh (uddhist counity. Eye prograe success 2ynaar - :igh (uddhist counity2ynaar - :igh (uddhist counity

O&H# ?O#">O "EO&H# ?O#">O "E


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O&H# ?O#">O "EO&H# ?O#">O "E

If in India ! + per *illion donation rate ,e ,ould have ++00 or$an donors- 2200 kidneys+000 hearts ++00 Livers 2200 /yes

At +0 per *illion donation rate! ++000 or$an donors22000 kidneys ++000 hearts ++000 Livers 22000 /yes

20 per *illion donation rate ! 22000 or$an donors000 kidneys 22000 hearts 22000 Livers 2200 /yes

Current or$an donation rate ! India is 0.01 per *illionpopulation per year

At per *illion 3onation rate ,e ,ould have 00 or$an donors - 4400kidneys00 hearts 00+ Livers 4400 /yes

Cadaver Transplant Con"lusion


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Organ Shortage is a Crisis! ho'ever the Crisis has aCure $n Asia 'e need to %et'or: and start thin:ing of

sharing resour"es! epertise and organs

Set up some Colla8orative pro@e"ts Use Television #edia for (romotion et eligious heads to (arti"ipate regularly Have Transparen"y in programme Set up regional Transplant "o-ordinators orums $n Asia 'e have failed to eplore all the options Simple "hanges "an ma:e all the differen"e

Cadaver Transplant - Con"lusion

Our &ission State*entOur &ission State*ent


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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

55OR6ANS "AS)/3 AR/ LI7/S LOS)8OR6ANS "AS)/3 AR/ LI7/S LOS)8

In my end is my beginning -

)his presentation has %een created usin$ +009 recycledelectrons::

Recycle yourself and %eco*e an or$an donor

Cadaver )ransplantsCadaver )ransplants


91/91

9:9:

9;9; ;;

1;31;3

1!1!

1"1"

:;:;

55

::

Soure< Indian

+rans5lant Ne=sletter

/ohan *oundation

Soure< Indian

+rans5lant Ne=sletter

/ohan *oundation

• 1< 6o-$!a"- ha4(n#r!akn Ca#a4r

!ran-"an!-

• 6o:4r on"7 )= of

1< (n#r!ak $! on

r("ar 'a-$-

3>3>

3!3!

88

Cadaver )ransplantsCadaver )ransplants +;;1 to 200++;;1 to 200+

Cadaver Organ Donation & Transplantation in Asian Countries the Way Ahead

Documents