Cabot Bibliography - Forgotten Books

CABOT BIBLIOGRAPHY

WITH AN INTRODUCTORY ESSAY

ON THE CA R E ER S O F

THE CABOTS

BASED UPON AN INDEPENDENT EXAMINATION

OF THE SOURCES OF INFORMATION

GEORGE PARKER WINSH IP

LONDON

HENRY STEVENS,SON 8: STILES

GREAT RUSSELL STREET OVER AGAINST TH E SOUTH-WESTCORNER OF TH E BRITISH MUSEUM

NEW YORK : DODD MEAD COMPANY

CH ISWICK PRE SS : CHARLES WH ITTINGHAM AND C0.

TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE , LON DON .

PREFATORY NOTE

SMALL CABOT B IBLIOGRAPHYprepared at the sugges t ion of Mr . W . E .

Fos ter,of the Providence Public Library

,for

use dur ing the celebra tion of the four hun

dredth anniversary of John Cabo t’s visi t toNor th America

,was the or igin of the presen t

volume . In the hope of making tha t bibliography more

widely and more permanent ly useful,the scope of the work

has been grea t ly extended,and an effort has been made to

include in it a descript ion of every publ icat ion which has influenced not iceably the popular or the scholarly concept ionsof John and Sebas tian Cabo t

,or which is likely to prove

useful to those who wish to S tudy the careers of the Cabotsand their contemporaries .

A list of those to whom the compi ler is indebted forsuggestions and for assis tance

,wou ld include the names

of nearly every wri ter who took a part in the anniversarydiscussions of the Cabo ts’ achievements . Wi th every o thers tudent of the period of discovery

,his greates t obligations

are to Henry Harrisse, whose researches have made it possibleto arr ive at approxima tely defini tive opinions in regard to themen who revealed to England and to Europe the westwardwa to America . The Introdué’tory Essay tries to set forthful fair ly and wi thout prejudice, the fafl s upon which

some of these opinions are es tablished .

The printer and the compi ler of these pages have beensepara ted by the At lant ic Ocean during the composi t ion of

the volume. The care and at tent ion of the proof-room at

lbrefatorgmOIC

the Chiswick Press,and the di l igent oversight wi th which

Mr . Henry N . S tevens has watched every detai l throughou tthe preparat ion of the volume

,have saved those who wi l l

use this work from many annoying errors . Never the less,in

a work of this descr iption , con tain ing numerous references

to specific passages in a large number of widely differen tbooks

,it is reasonable to suppose that many m istakes may

not have been de tected. The compi ler, and the publ ishers,ask for the i ndu lgence of the reader

,in respeét to these

Errata,in the words of two ancien t au thors quoted below.

PROVIDENC E,

RHOD E I S LAND .

TO TH E READER

Who faulteth not,l ineth not ; who mendeth fau l ts

i s commended : The P rinter hath fau lted a l itt le : it

may be the autho r overs ighted more. Thy pa ine

(Reader) is the least ; then erre not thou most bymisconstruing or Sharpe censuring ; least thou be

more vnchar itable, then ei ther of them hath beenheedlesse : God amend and gu ide vs al l .

”-FOULKE

ROBAR '

I‘

ES,77mRecvenue of tbe Gospel is git/Aer .

Cambr idge, ( 6 1 3 . 4 10 .

Reader,Ca rtbagena was of the mind , that unto

those ‘l ree fl ing : wh ich the A ncients held Im

poss ible, there shou ld be added th is Fourt/z, to find

a Book P rinted wi thout Err a ta ’

r . I t seems, the

H and s of Br ia rew,and the Eyes ofArgu ,

w i l l notprevent them -DR . COTTON MATH ER , Magna lza

Cfir irtz'

Amer zeana .London

,1 702 . Fol .

CONTENTS

PAGEPREFATORY NOTE

INTRODUCTORY ESSAYCAREER OF JOHN CABOTCAREER OF SEBAST IAN CABOTLA PLATA EXPED ITIONCABOT CONTROVER S IESDate of DiscoveryLocat ion of Landfa l lCabo t Map of I 54 4

CABOT BIBLIOGRAPHYSOURCE S OF INFORMAT IONCABOTI ANA , SECONDARY WR IT INGS

xvi-xxxvxxn-xxxn

,xlvi-xlvnlxxxvi-luxxv n-xl

xui -xiv,xl-xlii

xlix-l,I 3-26

INTRODUCTORY ESSAY

The marginal numbers refer to the books and docu

ments described under these numbers in the B ibl iography .

TH E CAREERS OF THE CABOTS .

HE commerc ial , social,and intelleét

lual

l ife of fifteenth-century Europe centredin Venice. The Venetian merchantssent their fleets of galleys to every port

in What was then the wor ld of European civi liz ation,and everywhere they controlled that best of mono

polies which belongs to the largest dealer and thesoundest cred it . Genoa had r ivalled Venice in everyfield dur ing the preceding century , when the introspeé

‘

tion of the med ie val mind was giving place toideas of a larger wor ld and a broader humanity thancould be seen and known in any single City. Genoa

,

fac ing the wrong end of the Med iterranean,d id its

full Share of the work of opening the trade routesof the M idd le Ages, and in establishing commercialintercours e upon a peaceful , regu lar basis . But gradually Venice gained the lead ing position , and thereforewe now hear very little of the youth and glory of the

(tareers of the (Iabots

riva l city in which were born and on whose bottomswere bred the men who d id more than the sons ofany other city to open up the unknown wo rld .

England , meantime, was beginning to take a hand inthe afl’airs of Europe, very much as the fu ll-blooded

,

Clear-headed country lad enters into the life of themetropol itan cousins who oflfer him a place in theirc ity ofii ce . Al l over Europe men

’

s hand s and bra inswere filled with the new learning

,the new ideas, the

new things to do,wh ich the Renaissance brought ou t

of the infini te into the real and the pract ical . BeyondEurope, to the sou th , lay Africa, along whose Westernshores the sailors of Pr ince Henry of Portugal wereSlowly and pers istently feeling their way. To theeast lay the far d istant somewhere where grandeurand wealth had been seen by Marco Polo . Nearer,and blocking the way thither , the Turk had settleddown to enforce his laws which permitted no dealingswith the infidel Chr istians . To the north and thewest of Eu rope rolled the black waters, out ofwhichnow and again came some storm-tossed , heaven-proteéted mar iner returning with tales of d istant islandhavens of refuge and of promise .

f”

A crew of English sailors in the Closing years ofthe fifteenth century announced to Europe their d iscovery of a new land beyond the North Atlantic

waters . To their leader England is indebted for her

proud claim to pr iority in v the revelation to thé

Chr istian world of the fairest inheritance of theBritish race . He was a son of Genoa

,where he was

Gareers of tbe Gab’

ots

born before the midd le of the century at Venice hereceived h is insp iration to mar itime amb itions ; inEngland he found the co-operation and the supportwhich made his great ach ievement poss ible .

John Cabot,this English d iscoverer of Amer ica

,

l ived and d id his work apparently withou t a thoughtof the interest future generations might have in himand his career . Of his charaéter and personalitynothing whatever is now known . Scarcely more canbe found ou t about his l ife before and after thevoyage wh ich showed Engl ishmen the way to Nor thAmer ica . In the year 1 476 Zuan Caboto , as he wascalled , had been a recorded resident of Venice forfifteen years

,and in cons ideration of this probatlon he

was admitted to c itiz enship in the Republic . At onetime he travelled to the mar ts of Mecca ,

'

where hetalked with men who told him of trafficking at othermarkets far away towards the north-east, where theytraded with merchants who came from yet a furthereast . At another time he v isited Lisbon and the

cities of Spain , where, or elsewhere , he came in con

taét with ideas and xsuggestions which were the

common property of the travell ing,thinking men of

his time—ideas about the shape of the world and

suggestions as to its remotest charaéteristics . Eventu

ally he went to England,and there he settled down

to follow the trade of merchand isingw

in London and

Bristol .The trading voyage to Iceland very early became

a par t of the yearly routine of the Br istol sailors and

(Iareers Of theGabots

merchant venturers . The settles abou t the B risto lfiresides to which Cabot was welcomed had long s incegrown fami liar with tales told by the returningmar iners of wonderfu l island s in the Western ocean

,

away from the tracks of commerce,and of strange

adventures befallen those who had sailed in search of

these myster ious lands . The last of these voyages ,undertaken by one who was s tyled the MasterMar iner of England

,was a matter of recent occur

rence when Cabot went to Br isto l . Like most of its

predecessors, this voyage had almost succeeded, andthe listener must have fel t sure

,as he heard the story

,

that where so many had tr ied there must be somereality to reward the persistent searcher . Cabot

,

supplementing and explaining the theo ries of his

B ristol neighbours by what he had heard and seenduring his life in the Med iterranean lands

,can have

had l ittle d ifficulty in persuading the West Countrymerchants— ever anxious to extend and broaden thescope of their aétivitieS—to aid him -in his projects forso lving the mystery of what lay westward from

Ireland . ) For near ly a decade,i t would seem ,

he

pers isted in his efforts to find the land in thatWestern ocean . At last he succeeded

,and one

morning in June,

less than a score of Englishmen

, with John Cabot as their leader , anchored theircraft upon an unknown coast. A few weeks later

,

on August I O, John Cabot kneeled before the Englishking

,and presented him with the discoverer

’

s cla im to

a new world .

Gareets of theGabors

The story of this voyage,upon which Englishmen

are accustomed to base the title to their Americanempire , may be told in few words . In March

,14 96 ,

John Cabot and his three sons received a royalCharter from K ing Henry VII . , author iz ing them to

compete but not to interfere with Spain and Portugalin the search for heathen land s unknown to Christendom . A year later

, perhaps on the second day of

May, 1 4 97, a small vessel wh ich may have beennamed the “ Mathew

,

”

and which carr ied eighteenmen, sa iled from Bristo l under the command of JohnCabot. Passing around the southern po int of Ireland ,Cabot direfted his course toward s the north for a while,and then turned west

,being d riven back and forth

'

bythe North Atlantic spr ing weather . Hold ing as

Closely to the westward course as wind and currents,

sky and compass wou ld allow,he kept on until he

came to land . June 24 , was probably the dateon which he ancho red somewhere on the eastern sea

coast of Br itish North America,between Hal ifax and

southern Labrador . The sailors went ashore and founda pleasant , ferti le land . Fclled trees

,snares for game ,

and need les suitable for making nets showed themthat the country was inhabited .

The mission of the voyage was accomplished whenland was d iscovered westward from Europe. Cabothad fulfilled his purpose as soon as he stepped on

shore . Delay might invo lve his crew in a hopelessconfiiét with outnumber ing natives . Further ex

ploration could add nothing of comparable signifie

Careers Of the CflbOtS

ance to what he a lready knew,and this knowledge

might easily be lost to Europe by an attempt toincrease it. These considerations would have counsel led an immed iate return to England , and there isno reason

,in probability or in the sources of infor

mation,why Cabot and his companions need have

spent more than a few hours on Amer ican soi l duringtheir first vis it to the western continent. The stor iesthey told after their arr ival home wh ich have been

preserved to the present day, suggest only the shortest

poss ible delay at the goal of their voyage and a

hurr ied return with the news. If, as is probable ,they spent these hours on Cape Breton Island or

thereabouts,they doubtless saw Newfound land on

their return, and coasted eastward along its southernshore until they were clear of Cape Race . Thencean easy run would have brought them to Bristol, as13 reported , on August 6

,in ample time to allow the

captain to post to the court, where he was rewardedfor his success on August I O .

fo l lowed his retu rn fromonly per iod of John

fe during which we know g aboutwhat he was do ing and thinking. Henry

promptly promised him the command of anotherexped ition , to consist of several vessels conveying men

and whatever else might be needed for the settlementand explo itation of the new found land . H e also re

ceived an allowance from the royal exchequer,and pro

v ided himself with all the habiliments befitting the

Gareers of tbeGabots

high position and glor ious prospects which the futureseemed to ho ld In store for him) He talked freelyof the region to which he intended to conduét his

followers , and of his ant ations regard ing its con

quest and development . is fr iends hailed him as

Admira l,and as the we passed he came to con

s ider himself as heir-apparent to princely power , withbishoprics and broad seigniories at his d isposal . Onlythe necessary preparations for departure seemed to

stand between him and the real iz ation of his visionsof a new English empire beyond the seas .

The royal letters patent au thoriz ing the impressment of vessels and their equipment were dated inFebr uary, 14 9 8, and it was doubtless Easter or laterbefore the fleet of four or five vessels was ready tosai l . The ships , fu lly loaded with merchandise su itedto al l the wants of heathen markets

, probably fo llowedmuch the same cour se as in the preced ing year . Soonafter leaving the Irish coas t they encountered a stormwhich forced one boat to put back . After this

,

nothing whatsoever is known regard ing the fate of theexpedition . It may, in whole or in part, havereached the American coast in safety . Some of themembers

,besides those who were driven back to

Ireland by the storm,may have returned to Europe

to give an account of their exper iences . Accord ingto one account, apparently written in the earlyautumn of 1 4 98, no news had then been rece ivedfrom the voyagers . The same statement may bemade with equal truth in 1900 .

Careers of tbeGabots

During the voyage of 1 4 97, the numberless shoalsof fish through which Cabot’s ship made its way,

wh ile Off the coast of the new found lands,impressed

his sailors more than anything else . The repor tswhich they spread abroad after their return doubtlessInduced Engl ish sailing-masters to vis it the fishinggrounds now known as the Newfound land Banks .

It is recorded that Bristol merchants a lso pro

jeéted exp loring exped itions to the new world dur ingthe early years of the following century . These were

perhaps sent ou t with a hope of learning somethingabout the fate of the fleet which sailed in 1 4 98 .

As ide from th is supposition, however, there is no

evidence that these ventures,which were d irectly con

neéted with Portuguese d iscover ies,were in any con

s iderable measure a resu lt of Cabot’s firs t voyage . So

far as can be found ou t from the extant records,it

was eighty years after John Cabo t made his successfulvoyage before the English people took the firs t stepsto utiliz e the knowledge which he gave them.

Sebastian,the son of John Cabot, was mentioned

by name in the letters patent granted by HenryVII . in 14 96 . It is a reasonable assumption from

this faét that he was at that time of legal age , whichmakes it probable that he was born while his father

was a resident ofVenice . There is no evidence of

any value to suggest that he d id or that he d id not

take, par t with h is father in the voyages to Amer ica

in 14 97and 1 4 9 8 . H is name has been associated with

https://www.forgottenbooks.com/join

xvi i i (Iareers of tbeGabots

The voyage of 1 50 8-9 appears to have been one oftwo efforts made by Sebastian Cabot to d iscover a

north-western passage to Cathay. There is no satis

faétory clue to the date of the o ther voyage , but theevidence is almost sufficient to prove that it musthave been made

,and in all probability before 1 5 1 2,

if not before 1 50 9 . On this voyage, he sailed as far

as 675°nor th, accord ing to his observations . He

reached this latitude on June I 1 , and with open waterahead there seemed to be nothing to prevent thesuccessfu l continuance of the voyage , when somedifficu lty wi th the shipmas ter

,combined with a

mutiny among the sailors,forced him to turn back .

Th is is all that is at present known about this ex

ped ition.

Sebastian Cabot’s career as a map-maker began

befo re 1 5 1 2 , when he was employed by the Engl ishgovernment in making charts for a projeéted militaryexpedition against France under Lord Willoughby deBroke. Cabot accompanied this exped ition, whichlanded at Pasages in northern Spain in June , 1 5 1 2 .

H is reputation must have preceded him,for the

Spanish king began to negotiate for the transferenceof h is services from England to Spain very soon

after his arr ival on the Peninsu la. Cabot V l S l tedBurgos, where he had an interview with two of theconfidential advisers of K ing Ferdinand , and in

September he was summoned to the cour t. H is

appointment as Capitan de Mar in the Spanishmar ine was dated on Oétober 2 . The next thirty

Careers of tbe Cabots

five years of Cabot’s l ife were spent in the service ofSpain . H e apparently entered this service with somesort of understanding that he was to be given thecommand of an exped ition which wou ld doubtlesshave sailed to the north-western regions which he hadalready visited . In March

,1 5 14 , he visited the

court for the purpose of d iscussing the plans for thisvoyage , and eighteen months later Peter M artyr

wrote that it wou ld probably start by March,1 5 1 6 .

The illness of Ferd inand interrupted these plans, andthe king ’

s death in January, 1 5 1 6 , lead to their definiteabandonment. Two years later

,in February

,1 5 1 8 ,

Cabot was appointed Pilot-major of Spain, withdu ties which kep t h im busy at Seville .

Cabot,remember ing his experiences under the

change of rulers in England,must have fel t much

anxiety dur ing the months following the accession of

Charles as King of Spain . Th isfeel ing of uncertaintymay have led him to enter into communication withthe Engl ish government . If so ,

the negotiationsd ragged along s lowly

,for it was not until I 52 1 that

Henry VIII . and Wo lsey were ready to employhim. The exaét nature of their p lans is most uncertain , and it is equally uncertain whether or not Cabotwas really the person by the name of Sebastian whomthey intended to engage as chief p ilot . But it is quiteclear that the king and card inal made arrangementsfor send ing an exped ition to some part of the new

world . Inasmuch as their objeét appears to have beenthe acqu isition ofwealth

,it is probable that they had


no intention of sending it into the A rftic regionswhich Cabot vis ited a doz en years before . Thescheme included the equ ipment of a fleet by themerchants of London and of the pr incipal provincialtowns . This idea d id not meet with the approval ofthe merchant gu ild s in London,

and the Drapers’

Company , aéting as spokesmen for the other liveries,

returned a vigorous protest to the royal messageasking for their co-operation in the venture . In thisreply they declared that the certain person calledSebastian who was to be the leader of the expe

d ition was a foreigner,and that he knew nothing by

personal experience of the regions to which he wasexpeéted to pilot the Ships . These contentions failedto convince the king

,and roya l pressure was appl ied

to enforce the grudging subscr iption of the Londoncontr ibutions . Noth ing more is heard of this pro

posed English exped ition . There is no evidence thatSebastian Cabot was at this time cal led upon to decidedefinitely between re-entering the English service andretaining his position as head of the Spanish Navigation Ofli ce .

The growth of the concep tion of patr iotism,of

loyalty to one ’

s native place, as contrasted with the

idea of loyalty to emp loyer and abid ing place, furnishes a most suggestive study in the intelleétual de

velopment of the century in wh ich modern Europecame into being . Th is conception seems to havebeen suggested to the younger Cabot by an Italian

pr iest , a fellow-Venet ian whom he met in England .


This priest reproached him with his many services toother countr ies at a time when the ir native city was

so much in need of help to resuscitate its commerce,the on ly means by which it could hope to maintain itsalready weakened pos ition in the European world .

The idea apparently took root in Cabot’s mind . Atabout the time when the proposed English expeditionof 1 52 1 was given up, the Venetian Council of Tenreceived from an Italian traveller returning from SpainCer tain propositions which he said had been intr ustedto him by Sebastian Cabot . This message wascommunicated to the Venetian ambassador at theSpan ish cour t, who sent for Cabot and held severallong interviews with him

,of which very circumstan

tial accounts were given in the ambassador ’

s d ispatchesto the Venetian government . These reports , and

especially the descr iption of Cabot’s consternationwhen he realiz ed the extent to wh ich he had beencompromised by his travell ing acquaintance

,show

that Cabot was not a very far-Sighted trai tor,or else

,

as is a great deal more likely,that he had talked with

his fr iend freely and somewhat carelessly,in a con

fidential vein, about possib il ities which mu st haveseemed to him as he talked , perhaps over the winecups , very remote . When he was suddenly broughtface to face with the results of his friend ’

s mission,

Cabo t, being a sixteenth-century Italian,cou ld hard ly

have withd rawn from the intrigue in which he hadbecome invo lved . Trusting to the future , he assuredthe ambassador ~ that everything which he had sug

xxn Careers of tbe Cabots

gested cou ld be brought to pass as desired . Betweenthem

,they entered into elaborate arrangements by

which Cabotwas to secure permission to go to Venicein order to lay his plans in person before the Seignory.

He did not go, nor d id he apply to his Spanishsuperiors for the necessary permission. He mademany protestations of eagerness to serve his nativecity , but he explained to the ambassador that therewere reasons which wou ld hinder him from startingfor Venice just then . Sebastian Cabo t was not the

first person to enter into elaborate schemes for undertakings which he had no intention of performing, norwas he the last to refrain from informing his partnersof the real reasons why the ir schemes came to nought .There is nothing in the surviving records of Cabot ’ sintr igue with the Venetian officials which implies thathe was less clever or less honest than the men withwhom he came in contaét

,or that h is aétions , as he

would have carr ied them out under nineteenth-centu rycond itions

,d iffered mater ially in moral ity or in in

tel l igence from those ofmany respeéted men aftive incontemporary affairs .

The great fai lure of Sebastian Cabot ’ s l ife cameduring the years from 1 526 to 1 53 0 . He sailed fromSpain in the spr ing of I 526 at the head of a wel lequipped fleet

,confident of supplementing the work

ofMagel lan,hoping to open a new and better rou te

to the Eastern Spice Lands , dreaming perhaps of

und iscovered realms of measureless wea lth whichmight l ie in the path of his vessels . He returned

Careers of the Cabots xxm

four years later with a broken-down fragment of hisexped ition, d istrusted and d iscred ited

,hav ing accom

pl ished nothing which seemed to his contemporar iesimportant or praisewor thy. He had d iscovered onlyone thing—that he was not qualified for the leadership of a maritime adventure. H is usefulness lay in

other l ines of aétiv ity. In those lines h is ability was

so wel l thought of by the men who had the bestoppor tunities for intimate knowledge of his charaéter

and atta inments,that his failure does not seem to

have affeéted in anyway his pos ition in his profess ionor in the good opinion of the Emperor and his

counsellors .

Many intr icate details of Cabot’s exped ition to La

Plata in 1 526 were recorded by contemporarywr iters ,and it is not an easy task to reduce these to a br iefintelligible narrative . From the t ime when he fir stentered the Span ish service

,Cabot had endeavoured

to secure the command of an explor ing exped itionunder offi cial auspices. One and another d iffi cu lty

prevented the fruition of his plans , and so he doubtless welcomed an opportunity of making a voyage tothe NewWor ld

,even though the idea of explorat ion

was subord inated to that of mercantile profit . Thisoppor tunity came in the form of a trad ing venturesupported by Spanish merchants . The successfulreturn ofMagellan’

s Vittoria,

” completing the firstcircumnavigation of the globe

,suggested to a number

of Sevi llian mer chants that a voyage to the SpiceLands might be a profitable venture . A cons iderable

Careers Of the Cabots

sum was subscr ibed towards the speculation, amongthe par tner s being the Engl ish firm represented byRober t Thorne of Br istol . Cabot was engaged forthe command

,and while the negotiations were in pro

gress he succeeded in interesting the king,who agreed

to jo in in the enterprise . Char les V. seems to havesympathiz ed with Cabot

’

s explor ing amb itions,and

one resul t of the royal part icipation was that Cabo tapparently received secret orders or author iz ation to

search for a shor ter passage to the East, nor th of theStraits of Magellan. The or iginal par tners soon

learned of these ulterior des igns , and as praét ical

business men they promptly undertook to supersedeCabot in the chief command . The exped ition was

proper ly theirs , and their interests demanded that itShould be in Charge of a person who could be trustedto prosecute the voyage to a profitable outcome .

The king per sistently r efused to d isplace Cabot, andthe merchants therefore tried to secure the appointment of a satisfaétory second- in-command

, with suf

ficient authority to counteraé’

t the explorer’

s z eal .These propos itions were steadfastly opposed at the

cour t,and in reply to them royal orders were issued

requiring'

that al l who sailed on the exped itionshouldbind themselves striétly to obey and suppor t the commander . The bad feel ing which inevitably resulted

from this initial lack ofsympathy and cord ial co-operat ion—doubtless increased by Cabot

’

s foreign birth andbreed ing—go far to explain the subsequent course of

events .



to enter the harbour,she ran upon a submerged rock

,

and had to be abandoned , ship and cargo provingalmost a total loss. It was afterwards a lleged , andnot denied , that Cabot was the first person to leavethe ship after she struck the rock

,and the complete

ness of the wreck was ascr ibed to the demora liz ationof the crew caused by th is aétion on the par t of theircommander . Th is misfortune resul ted in a furtherdelay of fifteen weeks , whi le a new boat was beingbu ilt to replace the sunken flagship . On the is landseveral Span iards, who had been left behind there byearl ier exped itions, had establ ished themselves as permanent settlers . Two of these men had been withde Solis twelve years before when he made the firstEuropean voyage up La Plata river . Cabot engagedthese men to gu ide him to those regions where , theyassured him,

large quantities of gold and si lver wereto be found . As soon as this arrangement wasannounced

,implying the definite abandonment of

the original obj eét of the voyage, there was an out

break of V iolent d ispu tes between the commanderand the offi cers to whom the Sevillian merchants hadintrusted their interests . It qu ickly became evidentthat nothing cou ld be accompl ished while these sub

ordinates were in a position to d iscredit the au thorityof the command ing officer

,hampering all his aétions

and stirring up trouble of every sort . A s soon as

the fleet got under way again,therefore

,Cabot had

the troublesome ind ividuals arrested . Despite thefaéi: that some of them were Sick with fever

,he

Careers of tbe Cabots xxvu

summar ily set them ashore, and sailed away , leavingthem with a sma l l supply of provisions and firearms .

They succeeded in making fr iends with the nativesthereabouts

,and eventually found their way to the

Portuguese settlements towards the north .

About the end of February,1 527, Cabot entered

the estuary of La Plata . The next s ix months werespent in exploring the lower portion of the r iver

,and

in building a headquarters for t on the western bank .

Here he left his larger Vessels, while he ascended thestream with two small boats . At a po int about fiftyleagues up the Parana, he found a su itable locationfor another for t

,which was bu il t dur ing December .

Starting again on Chr istmas Eve,he soon found that

the main stream came from the eastward . Inasmuchas al l the reports agreed that the land of gold and

si lver was toward the west, Cabot turned back to a

large tr ibutary,the Paraguay, wh ich flowed from that

d irection . Meantime , time and temper had been lostthrough the necessity of chastising some of the nativeswho proved themselves unfriend ly to his progress .

A s the party advanced up the new stream,their pro

visions began to fail , and the unwilling natives cou ldnot be induced to assist in secur ing add itional supplies .

Frequent deser tions had also weakened the force,be

sides br inging abou t further troubles with the natives,

who were robbed and o therwise abused by the renegad e Spaniards . In the face of constantly increasingd iffi culties , Cabot led his men forward into a regionwhich showed no Signs of anything to revive their

xxvi i i Careers of the Cabots

hopes or to br ighten the d imming prospeéts of fameand fortune .

At last a few Ind ians approached the d isheartenedstrangers

,and offered to Show them where food could

be secured . Thirty men were detailed to follow thesegu ides, who led them direétly into an ambush

,where

near ly two- th ird s of the party were killed outright,

and eight o r ten others seriously wounded . Two or

three survivors found their way back to the main

par ty and told the story of the d isaster . Real iz ingthe hopelessness of fur ther effort Cabot conduéted

what was left of his force safely down the r iver tothe for t on the Parana. Here he reorganiz ed his

followers whi le the men were regain ing their s trengthand spirits , and as soon as they were fit to resumecampaigning, he s tar ted up the river once more to

punish the natives by whom he had been so treacherous ly repulsed . Before he cou ld accomplish this

purpose, however , messengers from the lower for tbrought him the news that D iego Garcia had arr ivedin the r iver with an exped ition which had been sentout from Spain for the purpose of con tinuing theexplorations begun in this region by de So lis . Cabot

immed iately went down to meet Garc ia , with whom

he had a long conference,regard ing wh ich both

par ties were afterward s curiously reticent . Ear ly on

the fo llowing morning Garc ia proceeded up r iver ,“withou t taking leave —whatever this phrase inCabot ’ s report may mean—while Cabot withdrew hisentire force to the headquar ters for t at San Salvador ,


establ ished two years before . Her e he prepared hisofficial repor t , while overseeing the proper equ ipmentof the Tr inidad ,

”

one of his larger vessels , for thevoyage to Spain . The Tr inidad sailed abou t themidd le of July

,I 528 , carrying an urgent application

for fresh supplies and for such assistance as wouldenable him to continue the explorat ions . She reachedLisbon in Oé

'

tober, and the letters were promptly pre

sented to the king and to the Sevi llianmerchants . Thelatter qu ickly made up their mind s to have noth ingmore to do with the venture . The king ordered thatthe necessary rel ief shou ld be d ispatched without delayat the expense of the royal treasury . These orderswere apparently never carr ied out.

Sebastian Cabot spent the winter of 1 528-29 at his

fort at San Sa lvador, hopefully awaiting the arrivalof reinforcements from Spain . A s time wore on hedecided to do what he cou ld with the force at hisd isposal . He therefore transferred his headquarters tothe for t ereéted at Sanélzi Spir itus on the Parana, wherethe natives welcomed him with every Sign of fr iendliness . A s soon as the men were settled here

,Cabot

went down the r iver to see that everything at thelower fort had been left in proper Shape. While hewas away, the natives—doubtless aéting under provocat ion—suddenly attacked the camp at Sanéti Spiritus ,burning the bu ild ings and kill ing most of the defenders . The survivors escaped to their boats and

hurr ied down stream to rejoin their leader . Cabot atonce co lleé’ted his men

,reorganiz ed the fugitives , and

Careers of the Cabots

led them back to Sanéti Sp ir itus . Here the mangledbod ies of their fellows were recovered and bur ied

,

and such property as the natives had been unable toremove was embarked on the boats . With his small,debil itated

,and unnerved force

,retaliation was im

poss ible , and so Cabot conduélzed his men down to

San Salvador . H is position at this fort soon becameuntenable . The news of the success on the Parana.spread rapid ly among the natives

, who gathered inincreasing number s about the Spanish camp, investingit so Closely that s tarvat ion became imminent . Near lyth irty of the white men were k illed while trying to

fish or forage for roots . A counci l called on 6 Oéto

ber, 1 529 , promptly decided to return to Spain. A

month later , after waiting as long as he dared for a

par ty wh ich had fa iled to return from a trip in searchof provis ions for the voyage , Cabot, with the re

mainder of his companions , sailed ou t from La Plataand headed for Spain . Garcia

,who came down to

bid him ad ieu,lent a l ittle assistance

, and sufficientsupp lies were secured from the Ind ians along thecoast to enable the voyagers to reach the Por tuguesesettlements . After var ious adventures a long theBraz ilian coast

,includ ing the purchase of a batch of

s laves—the only booty Cabot d elivered to h is em

ployers in Seville—a good passage brought h is shipto the Guadalqu ivir on 22 Ju ly , 1 53 0 .

The passions and quarrels which had been sup

pressed dur ing the voyage broke ou t vio lently as

soon as Cabot ’s authority was superseded by the


jurisd iétion of the offic ials who took charge of

the vessel upon its arr ival in the home por t. A s

soon as poss ible after landing, several members of theexped ition took the necessary legal steps to prefercharges agains t their commander . For more thanthree months the scr ibes of the Counci l for the Ind ieswere busied with drawing up accusations and l ists ofinterrogations , and with record ing answers and depositions . These documents furnish almost all the detailsthat are now known regard ing the internal history ofthe exped ition, together with some of the reasons forits failure. The hear ings d ragged on for a year and

a halfbefore all the appeals had been dec ided . Cabotwas eventually adjudged gui l ty of maladministrationand of disobed ience of his official instrué‘t ions

,resu lt

ing in the death of certain of his fol lowers . He was,therefore, muléted in heavy fines , to be paid to therelié

'

ts of the sufferers,and was sentenced

,1 February,

1 53 2, to banishment for two years,or perhaps for

four,to the Spanish military colony at Oran in

Morocco. Cabot had in the meant ime resumed theexercise of his duties as Pilot-major of Spain, anddespite the judgment against him there is no evidencethat he did not continue und is turbed in th is office .

H is salary was stopped for the payment of the fines ,but in l ieu thereof he received allowances from timeto time by special royal bounty. Domestic troubleswere aggravated by attacks upon the administrationof his office

, but there is no thing to Show that ei therinterfered with the successfu l prosecution of his

xxxn Careers of tbe Cabots

career . In the spr ing of 1 53 3 he was engaged in

construé‘

ting a planisphere for the Council of theIndies . Dur ing the succeed ing ten years very l ittle isheard of him . In 1 54 4 and 1 54 5 he was still aétingas the ofli cia l head of the p ilots of Spain.

The Spanish histor ians , cogniz ant of their nationalcharaéter istics

,have been the first to suggest the pro

babi lity that Sebastian Cabot , a foreigner in high

position, found his work made d iffi cul t by a lack of

confidence and co -operation on the par t of his Spanishassociates and subord inates . It may have been someunusually irr itating exhibition of this feeling of

j ealousy which induced him,in 1 53 8 , to suggest to

the English ambassador in Spain that he was ready tore-enter the Engl ish service provided he cou ld do so

to his persona l advantage . It is barely poss ible thathe went to England three years later

,and spent some

time there in an effor t to come to terms with K ingHenry VIII . for an exped ition to the A ré

'

tic regions .

This,however

,is entirely a matter of conj eéture. It

is not made less possible by the faét that, in 1 54 8 ,

Cabot transferred his person and his services to theEngl ish crown . The counc illors of K ing EdwardVI , granted him a pension or salary

,and it is pre

sumed that in return for this he exerc ised the funétionsof adviser in mar itime affairs to the Admiralty Officeof that day . He establ ished his home

,apparently ,

once more in Br isto l , and passed the last decade of

his l ife without again leaving England .

Cabot ’s return to England was presumably the


xxxiv Careers Of the QflbOtB

employers may have held no larger place in his mindthan an equally ardent desir e to en l ist the Venetianofficials in the task of recover ing his inheritance .

There are few'

record s to Showwhat Sebastian Cabotd id in England

,except those which prove that he

d rew his salary regularly,until the spring of 1 553 ,

when he became Governor of the Merchants Adventurers . There can be l ittle doubt that he had prev iously par ticipated in the affairs of the Company ,especial ly in the confliét with its Easter l ing r ivals of

the Steelyard in 1 55 1 . He must also have taken a

very aétive part in the work of getting ready for thesai ling, on 20 May, I 553 , of the vessels commandedby W i l loughby and Chancellor . Cabot d rew up theinstruétions for their voyage

,taking as a model the

regulations given to Spanish navigators and explorers

whi le he was connected with that department of theSpanish service . This voyage to the north- east underChancellor was really the beginning of successful

,

consecutive Engl ish maritime expansion,and from his

share in it has very justly been der ived Cabot’s claimto a place among the Bu ilders of Greater Br itain .

Chancel lor returned to England in due season,having

estab lished friend ly relations with the cour t and thenor thern trad ing centres of Russia . After waitingtwo years for the return ofW illoughby

,who had

separated from his consort soon after their voyagebegan

,a search exped ition was sent out in the spring

of I 556 under Stephen Burrough . Cabot was ac°t ivelyinterested in the preparations for th is voyage. He

Careers Of the Cabots xxxv

attended all the ceremonies conneéted wi th the departure of Burrough ’

s vessel,and the del ightful descr ip

tion of his parting blessing to the mar iners affords thelast full V iew—and indeed the only one—of the o ld

cartographer and cosmographer . Not long after this,

Richard Eden attended him upon his deathbed . Inthe late autumn of 1 557 Sebastian Cabot received his

pension for the last time, and started off to the un

known region which each man must d iscover forh imself

,where the prejud ices , the jealousies, and the

ignorances of contemporar ies and of historians alikegive place to the eternal record of things as they are.

CABOT CONTROVERSIES .

HE careers of the Cabots,as they have been

descr ibed on the preced ing pages, d ifferin many essential respeéts from the prevail ing notions in regard to the events

and the men that have figured in the narrative . Itwould be unwise to claim that the present effort hasbeen more successfu l than others—that it is a trueror more accurate account of what was aétually doneby John and Sebast ian Cabot between 1 4 60 and I 560 .

It may, however, be safely stated that this narrativehas been wr itten with a mos t earnest desire to makeit fair to human natu re and true to the faéts of

history . It is based upon one fundamental cons iderat ion—one which does not seem to have appealedstrongly to many who have previously written aboutthis subj eét—a conception of Sebastian Cabot as an

historical personage, not d issimilar in the abstraét orin the concrete from o ther men of the past and the

present .There are few statements on the preced ing pages

Cabot Controversies xxxvu

which have not been controverted d ireétly or byimplication by other wr iters who have stud ied theh istory of the Cabots . In the paragraphs wh ichfol low,

an outl ine is given of the points in d ispu te inthe more important Cabot controvers ies . Thesebr ief statements are not written for the purpose of

justifying the preced ing narrative . They are des ignedto furnish a suffic ient guide to the more impor tantmatters noted in conneétionwith the books and essaysdescr ibed in the second part of the ensuing B ibliography , and to provide a convenient means of reference to the works wh ich d iscuss the various subj eétsfrom d ifferent po ints of V iew. The notes under thetitles in the B ibliography aim to s tate as clearly as

possible in br ief compass the more plausible contentions of the several advocates . Each of the following paragraphs ought

,in add ition to the references

given therewith,to refer to the pages of M r . Henry

H arrisse’

s works,especial ly to the vo lume described as

No . 3 87. An intell igent examination of the text ofthat vo lume will materially help the reader to understand the comments and the op inions set forth in this

present essay .

JOH N CA BOT’

S B IRTH P LA CE has been a subj eét forcontroversy between the advocates of VEN IC E and

GENOA for more than a century . The Venetians,especially those who Claimed that Cabot was born inCH IOGG IA , o r in some o ther outlying suburb of theAd riatic ci ty, seemed to have much the bes t of the

xxxvi i i Cabot Controversies

argument,even after the discovery of the document

which proves that Cabot was admitted as a strangerto Venetian citiz enship, until 1 896, when M r .

H arr isse Showed conc lusively that the contem

poraries of Cabot who knew him most famil iar ly,

regular ly spoke and wrote of him as a Genoese bybirth . The suggestion

,based upon a variant of the

name,that Castiglione near Genoa was the place of

Cabot ’s birth and boyhood ’

s fr iends, includ ing theone who afterward s became his barber or surgeon

,is

chiefly interesting because it has not yet been d iscred ited by the advocates of other local ities .

TH E DA N I SH M I S S IO N undertaken by John Cabotfor the purpose of arranging some matters whichwere in d ispu te between the k ing or people of

Denmark and the shipping merchants of B r isto l andother English por ts is neither impossible nor unl ikely .

The evidence upon wh ich the accounts of this miss ionare based , however, is not of the s lightest histor ica lvalue . Nothing has been found among the fifteenthcentury archives in England or Denmark whichfurnishes any confirmation of the story that Cabotwas employed upon such a mission.

TH E DATE OF TH E D I SCOVERY is no longer a

subjeét of more than academic interest. RichardHakluyt in 1 589 stated tha t Cabot d iscoveredBacal laos in 14 94 ; ten years later he Changed this

date to 1 4 97. For 250 years the princ ipal author ity

Cabot Controversies xxxix

which persuaded Hakluyt to make this change couldnot be found by historical investigators , and when itwas finally recovered in 1 84 3 , it seemed to provethat the correét date was 14 94 . None the less

,

despite the faét that students are still obl iged to relylargely upon inference for an explanation of the prec ise reasons which induced Hakluyt to make thecorreé

‘

tion,they are very generally agreed that the

d iscovery was made in the year 14 97. The faét thatthe 1 54 4 Cabo t map recovered in 1 84 3 gives the dateas 14 94 ,

apparently upon the authority of SebastianCabot

,is explained by an assumption that the date on

that map is misprinted . This recognition by cOn

servative Cabotian students that misprints occur and

must be taken into account in historical investigations,has made it possible for an Ital ian scho lar to arguewith much earnestness that the date 14 97 is in its

turn a mispr int, or a copy of a misprint, in every casewhere it appears in Cabotian l iterature.

The various sources of information which were lostSight ofbetween the s ixteenth and the nineteenth centut ies were not absolutely necessary for the preparation of a clear and accurate statement of the aétualfaéts in regard to the date of John Cabot’s d iscovery .

Unluckily,such a statement was prepared and pub

lished for the first time in conneé‘

tion with an international d iplomatic negotiation. This led to the

preparation of a controvers ial reply which so successfu l ly utiliz ed all the resources of fa llacious logicand of sophist1cal reasoning as appl ied to h istor ical

d

Cabot Controversies

evidence that for more than a century the facts whichhad been correétly set for th in 1755 were not againaccurately understood by any of the men who honestlyendeavoured to d iscover the ir meaning .

The recovery of the 1 54 4 Cabot map in 1 84 3

brought to l ight a clear and authoritative statementthat the d iscovery was made in 14 94 . No suffi cientreasons for doubting the correctness of this dateexis ted until documents were found in the Venetianarchives

,ten years later

,which prove conclusively

that the d iscovery was aétually made in the year14 97. The same documents state that a second ex

pedition s tarted for Amer ica in 1 4 98, and a lso thatBr isto l man ners had apparently been making tentative voyages into the Atlantic under Cabot ’ s d ireétionduring severa l years preced ing 14 97. These record srender it d ifli cult to deny with any confidence the contention of those who maintain

,however erroneously,

that something was d iscovered in 1 4 94 which assuredsuccess to the venture of 14 97.

TH E LO CATI O N OF TH E LA NDFA LL has been thesubjeél: of an animated controversy which has obscureda lmost every o ther aspeét of the discovery dur ing the

past twenty years . The faél: that the Newfound landcoast is u sually the first land s ighted by sailing vesselscoming from Europe to the Nor th American seapor tsseems at first tomake this themost probable location forthe Cabot landfall . It is l ikely, however , that Cabotendeavoured to sail westward from Ireland . Such a


Cabot Controversies

There is a real value in the suggestion that Cabotmay have been d rawn toward the south-west by thevariation between the magnetic and the geograph ica l

poles . Th is point, together with the reminder thatthe prevailing climatic and oceanic cond itions of

winds,tides , and currents must be taken into account

,

is interesting as showing howmany factors need to beconsidered by a careful student of history . Each of

these faétors carr ies in its tra in the possibility of exceptional cond itions , peculiar to any s ingle day or

season, which may as eas i ly have a ltered the who lecourse of a voyage in 1 4 97 as at any other time .

TH E VOYAGE OF 14 9 8 has been the subject of

almost as many d ifferent narratives as there are

recent books about the Cabots . The proof that thisvoyage was contemp lated is ample ; there is sufficientevidence that the vessels sailed from England ; butthere is not a S ingle unquestionable record of i ts fateafter it left the Irish coast . There are a number of

accounts of undated Cabot voyages in the sixteenthcentury books . It was supposed that these descr ibedthe voyage of 1 4 94 or 1 4 97 until fifty years ago ,

when the accounts ofwhat aétually took place in the

latter year were found at Venice . Thereupon theundated accounts were al l fitted on to the voyage of

1 4 9 8 . The hopeless confusion which resu lted may

perhaps be untangled by applying certain of thesenarratives to a voyage made in 1 50 8 .

JOH N CA BOT DIED : how, when, or where is not

Cabot Controversies

known. H is pension was paid from the royal treasuryin 1 4 99 ; if John Cabot d rew it in person , he musthave returned from the voyage of 1 4 98 . Theassumption that he d id so

,however , is the merest

conjeéture.

SE BA STIA N CABOT WA S BOR N , in a ll probability ,whi le his father was a res ident of Ven ice . Sebastianclaimed Venice as his birthplace , but as he is alsoreported to have said that he was born in Bristol ,England , it is not possible to place any strong relianceupon his testimony . H is mother was a Venetian

,

and it may perhaps be a legitimate inference from uhlS

repeated efforts to make good his claims to proper tyinher ited from her that her family had some standingin the city . Sebastian was a very old man in 1 555,

and as he was probably more than twenty-one yearsof age in 1 4 96, it is quite l ikely that he was bornbefore 14 75 .

SEBA ST IA N ’

S PART IC IPAT IO N I N TH E VOYA GE S OF

1 4 97 AND 1 4 98 is a matter of abso lute uncer tainty .

The probabilities—to haz ard a personal opinion—are

that he was not one of the eighteen persons whoaccompanied his father in 1 4 97. There is no reasonto suppose that anyone who sailed in the fo llowingyear ever returned , with the exception of those whowere on the ship wh ich was driven back to the Ir ishcoast . In 1 502

-3 Sebastian’

s name is associated withthe presentation of some natives of Amer ica at the

Cabot Controversies

English court . It seems to be a reasonable supposi

tion that these natives were not in any way connectedwith any of John Cabot’s voyages

,but that they were

brought to England by an exped ition which was fittedout by the Br isto l merchants Thorne and Eliot .Sebastian Cabo t may have taken part in this voyage ,regard ing the details ofwhich nothing is known .

A N AR CTIC VOYAG E I N 1 50 8-

9 apparently sai ledunder the command of Sebastian Cabot . This voyagewas descr ibed by Peter Martyr in 1 5 1 6 and 1 524 ,

and with mor e details by Contarini in 1 53 6 . Theseaccounts early became confused with the records of

John Cabot’s voyage of d iscovery,and only recently

has the confusion been suffi ciently disentangled to

permit such a rearrangement of these sources of trustworthy information as will reveal their proper relationto each other and to the faéts of history .

TH E VOYAGE WITH PERT OR SP ERT I N 1 5 17 has

been a subjeét of much perplexity. The date restssolely on an assumed play upon words by RichardEden . Inasmuch as no other reference to the voyagehas been found , it is suggested that the vessels may

no t have sailed,but that some sort of an exped ition

may have been contemplated at about this time .

Sebastian d id not visit England in 1 5 17, and Mr .

H arrisse has arranged evidence to prove that Spertwas in England throughout this year

,and could not

have been absent on any d istant voyage . There is,

Cabot Controversies

however,nothing to Show that he may not have

engaged , or talked of engaging, on a voyage withCabot in some other year between 1 509

'

and 15 22 .

TH E PROPO SED ENGL I SH EXPEDITI O N or 1 52 1

almost certainly d id not sail,although the plans and

preparations for a cons iderable exped ition seem to

have been very nearly completed in that year . Informa

tion in regard to this venture is for the present limitedto a Single document of a strongly partisan charaéter ,

which has been interpreted by modern writers in a

spiri t of equal partisanship .

Interest in the venture i tself has been subord inatedto an effort to prove that the evidence of this document completely destroys the good charaéter of a

certain Sebastian who was to have the charge of th i svoyage, which certain London merchants wished to

prevent . The avowed ly prejud iced charaéter of thedocument

,and of the use wh ich has been made of it

by the professed detraétor of Sebastian Cabot, rendersserious detailed d iscussion of i t d ifficu lt

,and perhaps

unnecessary . The document clear ly animadvertss trongly against one Sebastian : there is no reason tosuppose that all of its statements are necessar i ly true ,especially in view of the faét that the person againstwhom they were presumably direéted was in all

probabil ity not in England at the time to challengethem. Many of these statements , moreover, may

have been true in substance,but they are certainly

not true in the sense in which they have been

Cabot Controversies

interpreted . The Londoners were opposing a roya lScheme—to which the Br isto l merchants had a lreadygiven the ir loyal support . Among other things theobjeétors declared that Sebastian was not an Englishman

, and that he , who is not known to have claimedthat he had ever sailed anywhere except to the Aré

‘

tic

seas,was not familiar with the localitieswh ich the K ing

and Wolsey desired to explo it . It is hard to see

wherein these declarations blast Cabot ’s reputation .

TH E EXPED ITI O N To LA PLATA in 1 526 was

confessed ly a fai lure . A S such it has not, nor is it

like ly to become a subj eét of controversy. Thereis li ttle u se in argu ing over the share of persona lresponsibility for the failure which attaches to SebastianCabot. There are usually two sides to every question

,

and if one read s the numerous records of th is expedition with a little care

,it becomes evident that the

commander was persistently and designed ly botheredand hampered and interfered with at every Step .

Neither is there anything to be gained by argu ingwith those who ignore the faél: that the wind s and

currents of the Atlantic were not charted and averagedin 1 525 . Many things were known then

,by a sor t

of nautical instinét,among praétical seamen, which

Cabot d id not heed . Sebastian Cabot ’s lot throughouthis life seems to have been to find out the thingswhich other men need not and ought not to do . Hehad proven that the A rétic seas were not navigable.He proved that gold mi nes do not flour ish on the

Cabot Controversies w 9

banks of the Parana. And the people of his t ime (4 30were satisfied with the proof.The task wh ich Cabot under took in 1526 was

obviously one for which he was unfitted . Itwas clear ly (I 82far beyond his powers . But it is not on this accountequally obvious that the respons ibil ity for the fa ilurewas whol ly his . He seems to have done what he wastold , or at least author iz ed , to do . There is nothingto Show that he d id not conduét himselfwith credit atall times

,except in the single instance of the shipwreck .

He probably received confliéting instruét ions beforehe left Spain . He obeyed those which were givenhim

,as there is excellent reason for believing

,by the

Emperor in person. Char les V. recogniz ed his loyalty ,and when the legal decisions went against him

,Cabot

continued to examine p ilots and to construét maps for

the Spanish government , although he Shou ld havebeen

,according to the legal court record s, serving in

disgrace with the army in Morocco . The faéts of

the case seem to be that Sebastian Cabot was theresponsible head of a very costly failure. Sevill ianmerchants had adventured heavily in the enterprise,and relatives of the mutinous subord inates , whomCabot had forcibly repressed, possessed influence . A

propitiatory sacrifice was plainly a necessity. Thev iétimwas clear lymarked out. The Imper ial schemeshad been proven to have no sufficient basis to justifythe change of plan which they had involved—and no

loyal servant cou ld think of taking refuge by meansof excuses

,d iscred ited by himself, to the discred iting

Cabot Controversies

of his royal master . Cabot suffered legal condemnation

,justly ; but he was kept in pocket money by

roval grace,and he apparently suffered in no other

way.

CA BOT ’

S INTR IGUE S WITH FORE IGN POWER S are

first recorded in 1 522 . It is not unlikely that theybegan ten years earl ier , when he went to Spain fromEngland

,which then offered no oppor tunities for an

ambitious praét itioner of navigation and cartography .

After 1 53 0, the SpanishAdmiraltywas , Very naturally ,ind isposed to entertain the schemes of the foreign

pilot-major who had made his record on La Plata .

S ebastian Cabot was essentially a man with schemes ,with a brain teeming with ideas which needed to be

put to the test of aé‘

tual trial . If he fa iled in praét ice,if the wor ld happens not to have been made in justthe way he conceived that it shou ld have been

,the

fau lt was not ent irely his . He had ideas, and in theworld as he knew it there was nothing to Show thathis ideas were imposs ible of practical application .

Cabot talked much in 1 522 and 1 523 of servinghis native city , Venice . H ow seriously he contem

plated the‘

aétual transference of his services to thatc ity is not at all certain . Twenty-five years later

,

he went to England to accept a salary from the Englishgovernment, withou t notifying his Spanish employers .

It has been said that he sneaked out of Spain , butthere is nothing anywhere in the sources to substantiatesuch an accusation . Char lesV. unquestionably desired


Cabot Controversies

in V iew of what is known regard ing his persona lcharacter istics and his official position . If the evidenceof this map is of any value , Cabotwas not gifted withnoticeable geographical insight . So far as this one

specimen of his work is concerned , he seems to havetaken the material furnished by other map

-makers andby the explorers , as the results of their work came tohis attention, and to have adapted these to the schemeof configuration applied on his own map . The faétthat his representation of the Newfound land region,which he may never have visited , and of La Plata,agrees closely with the best maps of ear lier dates ,merely proves that Cabotwas in intelligent communica

tion with the praétitioners of his profession in other

par ts of Europe .

TH E EA STERL I NG S OF TH E STEELYARD , Hanseaticmerchants established in London, were d eprived of

their special privileges in I 55 I through the efforts of

the Company of Merchants Adventurers . SebastianCabot had at that time been engaged in the service ofthe English government for three years. Less thantwo years later he became Governor of the MerchantsAdventurers . It is therefore not unreasonable to

suppose that he associated himselfwith that Companyat least as early as 1 550 ,

and that he took an aétive

par t in all its affairs . It has been stated that Cabotwas at the head of the Company during the strugglewith the Steelyard Merchants , but the records provethat another man held the office of Governor at that

Cabot Controversies

period . This,however

,is far fromproving that Cabot

was not aétively interested in the struggle . As a matterof faét

,there exists no contemporary evidence conneét

ing his name with this episode , concerning the detai lsofwhich comparatively l ittle is known at all . Thenatural inferences are none the less favourable to

Cabot ’s share in the business,even though histor ical

wr iters have blundered in expressing these inferences .

TH E EARL IEST ENGL I SH VOYAGES To TH E NORTH

EA ST were a resu lt of Sebastian Cabot ’ s efforts . Inrecognition of these effor ts he was appointed by roya lchar ter Governor of the Merchants Adventurers forl ife . He d id not sail with these exped itions, and

the command devolved upon able men,who knew how

to turn to advantage every unexpeéted exper ience .

They sailed for Cathay,and found the northern route

to Russia. This resu lt is not necessarily a condemnation Of the man who made the voyages poss ible .

CA BOT’

s PE N S IO N,or salary

,was d ivided in May,

1 557, by royal order,between himself and Wi ll iam

Worthington. Nothing was said in this new grantabout the proportion either was to rece ive

,and inas

much as Worthington had been in the habit of drawing the money on behalfofCabot during the preced ingyears

,it is very hard to d ivine the exaél: significance

of the change in the terms of the royal bounty .

Worth ington became Cabot ’ s literary executor,and

it is a reasonable surmise that he was Cabot’s assistant,

Cabot Controversies

or was in some way associated with him in his officialduties as a government employé. The story thatWor thington was somehow acting as a secret agentof the Spanish government is ingenious, but there isabso lu tely nothing in the sources of information or of

inference to explain why such a story shou ld ever havegained credence . The only faét conneéted with these

pension payments to which it seems safe to attachanymeaning, is that in December , 1 557, Worthingtond rew the Whole amount of the salary in his own name .

The only explanation of this which has been suggestedis that Cabot was no longer l iving .

BIBLIOGRAPHY

CABOT B IBLIOGRAPHY.

ADAMS (CLEMENT) The newe Nau igation and d iscouerie

of the kingdome of Moscou ia,by the Nor theas t

,in the

yeere 1553 En terpr ised by Sir HughWi lloughbie knigh t,and perfourmed by Richard Chance lor Pi lo t maior of the

voyage : Wr it ten in La t ine by C lement Adams . (1 )A n Engl ish vers ion, in H AKLUYT, Voyager, 1 59 8 , i . 24 3-2 55 .

The origina l Latin i s to be found only in the fo l io ed ition of

1 600 , and in Rerum moreowitiea rum a ufi or e —Franeof . 1 600 , fol io,p. 1 4 3

—accord ing to HARRI SSE, Ca bot, 34 2 , 11.

A dams states that certa ine grau e Citizens of London,and men

ofgreat wisedome,and careful l for the good of their Countrey, began

to thinkew ith themselues they thereupon resolued vpon a neweand strange Nau igation . A nd whereas at the same time one Sebastian C abota, a man in those dayes very renowmed

,happened to bee

in London , they began first of a ll to d eale and consu lt d i l igentlywith him ,

and after mu ch Speech and conference together, i t was atlast conclud ed fo r the search and d iscouerie of the Northerne part of the world , to Open a way and passage to ou r men for

traua i le to newe and vnknowen k ingdomes .

See notes under CABOT, Nos . 4 8, 52 and 5 53 -55

c for an

account of the map“cut by C lement A dams ” and supposed to

have been publi shed in London in 1 54 9 . (1a

)

AFFONSO (S IMAO) [Let ter, dated Sevi lha I I dagosto 1 530 .

(2)The o rigina l manuscript i s in Lisbon , ‘Tor re doTombo

, Corp. Obran.

i . 4 5 , 90 , acco rd ing to VARN HAGEN , who first printed the letterin his Histor ia gem !do Bra z i1,

—Madr id,1 8 54 , i . 4 3 9 .

R eprinted in part in TARDUCC I, No . 5 3 8 , pp . 4 0 3-4 04 ; translated

into Engl ish in No. 5 3 9 .

Dr . A ffonso repor'

ts that he wi tnessed the retu rn of C abot from LaB

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

P lata, and that al l but twenty of the two hund red men whom be conduél ed to that country had d ied of thei r trial s and hard ships e de

duzentos homens que lenon 1150 tra s vy te que todos los outras dyz enque la ficz

’

i o mortos hums de trabalho e fame outros de guera queeos mou ros tiverao por que as frechadas d ize que matarao mu itosdeles .

ALBERI (EUGEN IO) Relaz ioni degli ambasciator i vene t i alsenato [duran te i l secolo decimosesto] raccol te, anno tate ededi te da Eugenio A lberi a spese di una societa .

—Fi renz e,

1 839(- I 863 ) (3 )8vo, 1 5 vo lumes .See NO. 79 for the R elazioni d i Gasparo CONTARINI , I 6

Novembre 1 52 5 , fi rst printed by ALBE RI, I st Ser. i i . 9-73 .

ALDAY (JAME S) [Le t ter to Michae l Locke. (4 )Printed in HAKLUYT

,Voyager, i i . 3 1 9 (pt . i i . 7 Reprinted

by ARBER , No . 6, p . xix .

H ak luyt cal ls thi s letter In his head ing . The orgina l l of the

first voyage for traffique into the k ingdom of Marocco In Barba rie,begun In the yeere 1 55 1 with a ta l l Sh ip ca l led the Lion of London,whereof went as captaine Master Thomas Windam whichA ld a ie professeth himselfe to haue bene the fi rst inuentor of thi strade.

” A lday wri tes that the reason why he d id not make the

Barbary voyage when he was master in the great Barke A neberfor the Leu ant was that first the very trueth I s

, that I was fromthe same voyage letted by the P rinces letters, which my MasterSebastian Gabota had obta ined for that purpose, to my great griefe.

[No author’s name]

A NEW INTER LUDE and a mery of the

nature of the . i i .ij e lement€ declarynge many proper poyntf of phylosophy naturall and of dyuers

s traunge landys and of dyuers s traunge effec‘ftf 86causi S &c .

, &c.

,&c. (5)

Smal l 8vo . B lack Letter type. P robably printed in London

between 1 5 1 0 and 1 520 . The B ritish Museum contains the onlyo rigina l copy of the d rama now known, and even that Is imperfeéf.

The fragment consists of thirty-two leaves,sigs. A ,

B,C ,

and E ,

eight leaves each, Sig . D and a ll after E beiIig wantingI t has been reprinted In DODSLEY

,Seleé? Colleéi‘ion of Old Eng lz

'

rfi

P lay 1 (H az l itt ed ition ,and by the PE RCY SO C IETY, edited

by H al l iwel l, vol . xx11—London, 1 84 8 .

The passages containing “the first a l lusion to the American

d iscoveries yet found in (native) Engl ish l iteratu re are on leavesC i

, C II and C i ij of the origina l and on pp . 2 8-3 3 of the P ercy Society


Cabot fi ibliograpbv

of State Paper: (Spa in) , i . 1 76-1 77, wi th the omission of a signi

ficant sentence recovered by HARR I SSE , in hi s Ca bot, 3 96.

Reprinted from Bergenroth by MARKHAM, No . 4 50 ; BEAZLEY,NO. 2 56 ; PROW S E , No . 4 8 9 ; N ICHO LL S, Br istol , No . 4 68, i i i.

2 96-2 97 Histor ica l Maga z ine, xi i i . 1 34

-1 3 5 ; and el sewhere .

A Spanish text is printed by H ARR I SSE , et S . Cabot, 3 29-3 30

reprinted byWeare , No . 5 59 , pp . 1 60- 1 6 3 .

Two paragraphs in th i s long d ispatch deal ing with various officia land news matters, repo rt that the Engl ish k ing had sent five shipsprovisioned for one yea r to explore certa in i s land s and mainlandwhich he was a ssu red had been d iscovered during the preced ing yearby an exped ition fitted ou t from Bristo l . News had reached Londonthat one ship, in which had sa iled “

un otro Fa i Bu i l ”—perhapsanother friar Bu i l,” referring to the friar who accompanied

Co lumbu s , in the same way as Cabot was frequently referred to as

otro genoves como Co lon —had been d riven back to I reland ind istress by a great storm . The other vessel s were expeéi ed to returnin September.A ya la reports further that he had seen the map d rawn by the d is

coverer, who was “ another Genoese l ike Columbu s .” H e d id not

send this chart or mapamund i to thei r Spanish maj esties, becau se hethought that they were a lready informed of a ll the p lans of thisman

,and a lso of the contents of h is map, wh ich A ya la reta ined .

The ambassador suggests that the map may be intended to deceivethem into bel iev ing that the newly-d iscovered region was not thesame a s the i sland s secured to Spa in by the treaty with Portuga l (atTordesi l las) . See No . 1 9

3 :

The d i scoverer had at one time been in Sevi l le and Lisbon, inhopes of find ing some one to help h im carry out hi s p lans . In

accordance with h is ideas—con la fantas ia d este G inoves—B ri stolpeople had fitted out two

,three

,or four l ight vesse ls or caravelas

in each of the preced ing seven years, to search fo r the island of (themed iaeva l) B rasi l and the Seven C i ties . See the Introdué

’

tion, p . xi i .

This d ispatch was summarized in the d ispatch , to which it wasperhaps appended , of the senior Spani sh ambassador to E ngland .

GONZALEZ DE PU EBLA . See NO. 1 20 .

The d ifficu lties encountered in deciphering this manuscript , whichappears not to have been completely translated prev iou sly , even bythe ofli cia ls to whom i t was original ly add ressed

,are d escribed in a

letter printed in W . C . CARTWRIGHT, Gurta rve Bergenrotb, a Me

mor ia l Sketch—Ed inburgh 1 870 , pp. 76-77 see also, 20 5

-2 1 6 .

A portion o f the d ispa tch , showing the cipher letters, is reprod ucedwith M r. Bergenroth

’

s letter to Ja red Sparks, d ated London ,

2 1 Oéfober, 1 866, printed in the Proceedings of the American A nti

quarian Society, 24 A p I i l , 1 8 67, pp . 3 9

-4 0 . (7a )

BARRERA PEZZ I .

The volume in which the important letter of RA IMONDO , No .

1 90, was printed for the first time,i s described as No . 2 5 1 .

Cabot JBibliograp bv

BELLEFOREST (FRANCO I S DE).The Cormograp/zie wni

fverrelle,—Par ir, 1 575, is ment ioned in the

notes to MUN STER,No . 1 75 .

BENDELARI (GEORGE).Mr. Bendelari

'

s t ranslation of the legend s on the 1 54 4. Cabot mapis described in the note No . 5

BENEVENTANUS (Mu cus) .See a note under RUYSC H, No . 2 0 1 , for the commentary by

Beneventanus on the map in the Rome 1 508 ed it ion of PTOLEMY ’ S

BENZONI (G IROLAMO).See notes under CHAUVETON

,No . 73 .

BERCHET (GUGL IE LMO) Fonti Italiani per la s toria del lascoper ta del nuovo mondo raccol te da Guglielmo Berchet.—Roma

,MDCCCXCI I . (8)

Fo l io , 2 vo l s . : 2 T ppVI I-xxxxvu 1 -2 37 6 plates ; 2 T

p vi i-xi 1 -4 9 5 plate .

Part I I I . in the Ra ccolta di documenti e stud i pubbl icati dal la R .

Commi ss ione Co lombiana .

These two superb volumes conta in the pertinent extraéts from all

the important documents which conneét the Cabots, and the Otherheroes of the period of d iscovery

,wi th I ta ly. The references to

Cabot are col lefi ed in the Index,i i . A document printed

herein for the fi rst time i s described under CONTARINI (MARCANTONIO ) , No . 80 .

See SANUTO (Marino) , No. 2 1 0 .

BERGENROTH (GUSTAV ADOLF) Calendar of let ters,

dispatches, and s tate papers, relat ing to the negociations

be tween England and Spain, preserved in the archives at

S imancas and elsewhere,14 84 ( Edi ted by G. A .

Bergenroth (vols . i ii-vi,Pascual de Guayangos).—London,

1 862( (9)The Ro l l s Series ” of Spanish papers compri se six volumes intwelve thick fo l io parts .See A YALA , No . 7, and GONZA L EZ DE PUEBLA , No. 1 2 0

,for

the important Cabot documents which were unknown unti l theywere brought to l ight by Mr. Bergenroth.

Cabot JBibliograpbv

BERWICK Y LIRIA,Y DE ALBA (MAR IA DE L

ROSARIO TA LCO Y O SOR IO,LA DUQUE SA DE) Aut6grafos

de Crist6bal ColOn y Papeles de América los publica LaDuquesa de Berwick y de Alba Condesa de S irue la .

Madr id,1892 . (10)

Fo l io, 2 T pp i-v 1 -20 3 1 0 facsimi les .

This noble contribution to the li terature of the Columbiananniversa ry conta ins, pp . 1 09

- 1 20 , the fo llowing fou r documentsrelating to Cabot ’ s La P lata exped ition. They form a part of theries described under CABOT , Nos . 2 3 -37.

EJECUTOR I O a ped im iento de I sabe l Mendez y FranciscoVazquez contra cl capitan Sebast ian Caboto.

—Medina del

Campo, 2 9 H ebrero,1 5 3 2 . (1 1 )

Thi s document embod ies the two fo l lowingSENTENC IA dada por los Sefiores del Consejo de las Ind ias en

e l pleito entre Catal ina Vazquez e sus hijas e el Capitan SebastianCaboto—Av ila , 4. Ju l io , 1 5 3 1 . (1 1a )

SENTENCIA definitiva dada por los Sefiores d e l Consejo de lasInd ias en el pleito entre Franci sco Vazquez e I sabel Mendezy Sebast ian Caboto .

—Medina del Campo, 1 Hebrero, 1 5 32 .

(1 1b)INFORMA C ION pedida por Francisco Leardo y Franci sco deSanta C ruz , contra Sebastian Caboto.

-Segorvia

,2 8 Setiembre,

1 5 32 . (1 2 )

BESTE (GEORGE) A trve d iscovrse of the late voyages ofdiscouerie

,for the finding of a passage to Cathaya, by the

Northvveast,

vnder the condué’t of Mar tin FrobisherGeneral] : Deu ided into three Bookes . In the firs t wherof

also by the w ay is set te out a Geographical] descript ion of the Worlde

,and wha t par tes thereof haue bin dis

couered by the Nauigations of the Englishmen .—London

,

by Henry Bynnyman,1 578 . (13 )

Smal l 4 to, T 711+ pp 1 -52 1 -3 9 1 -68 2 maps .The Epistle Ded icatorie is signed by George Beste.

Sebastian Cabota , being an Engl ishman,and borne in Bri stowe

,

i s ment ioned on 1. rig . b. Thi s i s repeated on p . 1 6, with the add itional information that he was by commandement ofKyng H enrythe seauenth, in anno . 1 508 . fu rni shed with Shipping, munit ion

,

and men,and sayled a long a ll tha t traél: [whiche nowe is ca l led

Baccalaos] pretend ing to d iscouer the passage to Cataya, and wenta lande inmany places, and brought home sund ry of the people, andmanye other things of that Countrey, in token of posses sion , beeing

Cabot JBi i ograpbv 7

(I say) the firste Chri stians that euer there sette foote on land .

This passage , apparently derived in part from EDEN , Nos . 9 5 , 9 6,a l so contains statements which suggest the FABYAN C/zronicon, No .

1 05 , which wa s not publ ished unt i l severa l years later than the dateof Beste’ s book . For the date 1 508 , see the Introduétion, p . xvi i ,and a l so WIN S OR , Amer ica , i i i . 28-29, and 3 6, where Mr. J . C .

Brevoort gave reasons fo r bel ieving In a voyage undertaken In thatyear, and M r. Deane suggested a clerica l or typographica l error.

BREWER (JOHN SHERREN) Le t ters and papers, foreignand domestic

,of the reign of Henry VI I I . preserved In the

public record Office,the Bri t ish Museum

,and elsewhere In

England,

arranged and ca talogued by J . S . Brewer.

London,1 862( (14 )

Twenty-two thick fo lio volumes of the Rol ls Series conta in theB ri ti sh s tate papers dat ing from 1 509 to 1 54 0 . The editorial workhas been cont inued , since Mr . B rewer’s death

,by James Gairdner

and R . H . B rod ie .

Two of the entries, published for the fi rst time by Mr. Brewer,

establish minor deta il s in the career of Cabot. One,vo l . i i . pt. i i .

1 4 56 , i s from the King’ s Book of Payments,dated May, 1 5 1 2

“ Sebast ian Tabot making of a carde [map] of Gascoine and

Guyon, 201 . (1 4a )The other, vol . vi . 1 54 , i s a payment, on 1 8 February , 1 52 3

-4 ,

to John Goderyk of Fo ly (Fowey) i n Cornwal l for his Charge,costi s and labour conduétyng of

ySebastian Cabott mas ter of the

Pylotes in Spayne to London at the request of the testator, SirThomas Lovell , 4 31 . 4d . Unfortunate ly thi s gives no c lue as to

when Cabot pa id this vi s it to London. (14b)

BRISTOL,ENGLAND .

The reports of the colleétors of cu stoms for the port of B ristol , for1 4 97

-1 4 99, a re described under K EMYS,No . 1 5 1 .

BROWN (RAWDON) Ragguagli su l la vi ta e sul le Opere d i

Mar in Sanuto det to il juni ore vene to patr iz io e croni staprege volissimo de secoli xv

,xvi .—Venez ia , MDCCCXXXV I I

(4 838) (I s)8vo , 3 vols. , 3 T + pp 9 250 ; (1 )-2 58 ; (1 )-3 56 2 11.

The letter of PA SQ JALIGO, No . 1 8 3 , was first rinted in thi swork, 1. 9 9-1 00 . There is a note on Cabot’ s birt place, i . 2 1 72 1 8 .

A n au tograph note in the Boston Publ ic Libra ry copy of thiswork read s : Mr. Rawdon B rown wi l l glad ly show M rs . R . E .

Apthorp what he considers documentary ev idence of John Cabot sEngli sh o rigin ; and of h is never having come to Venice, (where hema rried a Venetian woman who bore him Sebastian his other

Cabot JBibliograpbv

sons) unti l the year 1 4 6 1 Casa del la Vida Thursday 2 p.m.

A marginal note,i . 1 00-1 0 3 , read s : “ I printed thi s in the year

1 8 37 ; but in 1 8 55-6 , it became manifest thro ’

documents d i scoveredin the Venice archives that a lthow John Cabot was a Venetianby adoption, he real ly owed his b irth to E ngland .

”Such was per

haps a natura l d eduéi ion at firs t s ight of the documents descrIbedunder VEN IC E, No . 2 24 .

BROWN (RAWDON) Not ices concerning John Cabotand his Son Sebas tian

,Transcr ibed and translated from

original Manuscr ipts in the xMarcian Library at Venice .

By Rawdon Brown. (I 6)8vo, T pp 3

-2 6 .

Communicated by Edward Cheyney to the Miscella nies of MePbilobiblon Society , vol . i i . NO. 7.

—London,Whitt ingham

,1 855-6.

1 00 copies printed .

Thi s privately printed volume conta ins the earl iest Engl ish ver

sion of the d ispatches of PA S UALIGO,No . 1 8 3 CONTARIN I, Nos .

76, 77 and the Counci l of en of VENICE, Nos. 2 2 5-227.

M r . B rown states, p. 1 4 , that he has “not been able to d iscoverany trace of conversations held wi th Sebastian Cabot by Trevi san,Capel lo , Querini , Badoer, Pasqualigo, G iu stinian, or Surian, whowere the Venetian ambassadors in England from 1 4 97 to

BROWN (RAWDON) Calendar of S tate Papers and Manu

scr ipts, re lating to English affairs, exis t ing in the archives

and colleéfions o f Venice,and in o ther librar ies of northern

I taly . Vol . i .,1 202-1 509 . Edi ted by Rawdon Brown

London,1 864 .

Fo l io,T I l p i -clvn 1 -39 5 3 facs imi les .

The Rol ls Series ofpVenetian documents, to 1 59 1 , has been con

tinned in nine volumes,1 864

- 1 894 .

Besid es the documents mentioned in the preceding notes, thi svolume publ ished for the fi rst time the letters described underNAVAGERO

,No. 1 77, and RAIMONDO , No . 1 90 .

The rea l faéi s of the Cabot d i scovery were not genera l ly understood by the E nglish read ing publ ic unti l after the appea rance ofth is vo lume

, d espite the faa that students had had access fo r a decadeto an Engl ish version of these documents in the Phi lobiblon volume,which was summarized in Notes and Quer ies by MR . MARKLAND ,NO. 5 .

BULLO (CARLO).Most of the s ignificant Cabot documents were printed by Sig.

Bu l lo in his Vera Patr ia ,—Clziogg ia , 1 880 , which i s described as

No . 2 90 .

Cabot JBibliograpbg 9

BURROUGH (STEVEN) The Nauigation and discouerie

toward the r iner of Ob,made by Mas ter S tenen Burrough

,

Mas ter of the Pinnesse called the Serch-thr ift in the

yere 1556 . (18)In H AKLUYT , Vy ages, i . 274 -28 3 Gold smid ed ition, i ii . 1 1 6

1 37 ; P INKER'

I‘

ON, Voyages, i . 5 1-6 1 .

Burrough record s that on A pri l 27, 1 5 56 , the rightWorshipfu l l Sebastian Cabota came aboord ou r Pinnesse at G rauesende,and the good olde Gentleman gaue to the poore most l iberalla lmes, And then a t the s1gne of the Christopher, hee and his

friends banketted,and made great cheere : and for very ioy

he entred into the dance himselfe, amongs t the rest of theyoung and lusty company : p. 274 .

Some misapprehension existed for a time (see B IDD LE, No . 26 1 ,

pp. 3 20-3 2 1 ) because of the head ing : Namiga tione di Sebastiano

Cabota , which appears above an I tal ian version of a log of thi svoyage, in RAMUSIO, Viagg i , i i. 2 1 1 -2 1 9 , edit ions of 1 58 3 and

1 606 . See note to No . 1 9 5 . The I ta l ian text does not contain anya l lu sion to Cabot’ s part icipation in the farewel l to the exped ition.

See the notes under O’BRI EN,NO.

CABOT (E L IZABETH).See note under MYCHBLL, No . 1 76.

CABOT (JOHN) .The only known extant record s which may poss ibly preserve theword s of John C abot are the petit ions in response to which the

Letters Patent of 5 Ma rch,1 4 96 , and 3 Februa ry, 14 98, were

granted by H ENRY VI I .,as described under Nos. 1 3 6 and

A map d rawn by John Cabot is d escribed by AYALA , No . 7.

(1 94 )A map of the world and a l so a globe which he had made

,are

described by RA IMONDO D I SONC INO , No. 1 90 : messer Zoannoha la descr iptione del mondo in una ca rta , et anche in una spheresol ida che lu i ha fatto et demostra dove ecapitato, et andando versacl levante ha passato a ssa i cl paese del Tana i s . (1 9b)A Coeart ” by which Cabot “made himself expert in knowyng

of the world i s mentioned in the FABYAN Granican, No . 1 05 .

(1 96)A painting representing John Cabot and his three sons hangs in

the Sa la del lo Scudo of the Duca l Pa lace in Venice. I t is sa id to

have been pa inted by the A bbé Francesco Gri sel ini in 176 3 . I t is

copied , from a smal l photograph , in the New Eng land Maga z ine,Boston, Februa ry, 1 89 8 , xvi i . 6 55 . (20)

m Cabot JBi i ograpbv

CABOT (SEBAST IAN) [Depos i tion of Sebas tian Cabot relat ive to the lat itude Of Cape S t . Augus t in—1 3 November

,

15 15 . (2 1 )Manu script copy amon

gtheM ufioz Transcripts, in the A cademia

de la H is toria, Mad rid , rom a“ Registro de Copias de cédu las

,

provisiones , &c. de la Casa de la Contratacion d esde 5 de Febrerode 1 5 1 5 hasta 6 de Ma rzo deP rinted by NAVARRETE , Coleccion, i i i . 3 1 9 , or Opusculos, i . 66 .

In thi s document, Cabot declares that he be lieves in the reliabil ityof certa in observations taken by Amérigo Vespucio , wh ich had ac

qu ired importance during the negociations for d etermining the lineof demarcation between the Spani sh and Portuguese spheres of exploration.

A n account of the native tribes w ith whom Cabot came in con

ta& during his exped ition to La P lata , and of the natu ral resourcesof that region, which i s printed in H ERRE RA, Historia , NO. 14 3 ,Dec. i i i i . Lib . vi i i . cap . xi . with the head ing :

“La relacion que

hizo al Rey,” may very probably be an extraét from Cabot’ s offic ial

report, quoted in his own word s . In the 1730 Barcia edition of

HE RRERA, thi s ext rafi i s printed in italics, as a quotation. (2 2 )

CABOT (SEBAST IAN) Informacion hecha en Sevi l la en

28 Ju lio den tro de la nao Sta Maria donde venia Sebast ianCabo to

, por los oficiales de la Casa de la Contratacionacerca de todo lo ocurrido en su viaje. (23)

Manu script in the A rchives of the Ind ies , Sevi l le, P” . 1 -2

Printed in HARR I SSE,Cabot

, 4 22-4 27.

Thi s document conta ins the d epos ition made by CabOt in replyto the charges of mismanagement and crimina l ity brought againsthim on behalf of tho se who had suffered from the fa ilu re of the

expedition to La P lata.

Simi lar depositions weremade at the same time by Juan de Junco,Cas imi r Nuremberguer, and A lonso de Santa C ruz : see Nos . 1 50 ,

1 207.7fn addition to the above, HARR I SSE

,Ca bot, 4 1 2-4 1 5 , cites the

fol lowing titles of documents found in the A rchives of the Ind ies atSevi l le, which relate to the lawsu its wh ich resulted from the d iffi

cu lties tha t a rose during the exped ition to La P lata .

Informacion hecha en el Puerto de San Salvador fecha 2 3 Juniopor cl Capitan Sebastian Caboto sobre el proceso que comengo

a forma r desde 1 52 6 contra Francisco de Roxas , y Martin[Mendez] e M iguel de Rodas, para luego presentado a l Con

sejo . (24 )Paraceres que d ieron varios pi lotes y capitanes en el puerto deSan Salvador en 6 de Oétubre a periciou del Capitan Sebastian


Cabot JBi i ograpbv

Sentencia definit iva d ada por los Sefiores del Consejo de las Ind iasen el plei to entre cl Capitan Franci sco d e Rojas y Sebast ianCaboto. M ed ina del Campo , 1 Febrero 1 53 2 . (37)

Four addit iona l documents belong ing to this series are Ci ted underBE RWICK Y A LBA

,Nos . 1 0-1 2 .

CABOT (SEBAST IAN) [Let ter to Juan de Samano—Sevi lla(24 June) I 53 3 . (38)

A utograph orig ina l manuscript in the A rchives of the Ind ies ,Sevi l le, Est. 1 4 3 , Caj . 3 , Leg . 2 . Copied , in Mufioz Transcripts,Mad rid

,lxxix . fol . 2 87.

There i s a facs im ile of the autograph copy in HARRI SSE , Cabot,

4 29 ; reproduced in Scr ibner ’s Maga z ine,—New York

,Ju ly

,1 897,

xxi i . 69 .

P rinted in TARDUCC I , No. 5 3 9 Boletin R. Aca d . Historia,Madr id , A pri l , 1 8 9 3 , xx i i . 34 8-3 50 , see PE RE S , No . 4 76 ; Raccolta

d i documenti,R. Commiss ione Colombiana ,

—Roma,

1 89 2, I I I . i i .

3 96-3 97, see BERCHET , No . 8 .

Translated by BEAZL EY,No. 2 56, pp . 2 08-2 1 0 .

In thi s letter to the secreta ry of Charles V. Cabot tel l s of his plansfor renewed explorat ions : toda via tiene gana d e toma r la cupresadel r io de parana que tan caro me questa . H e apo logizes for thedelay in completing three maps, one for Samano and two for the

Emperor, explaining that this had been due to the d eath of his

d aughter and the i l lness of his wife. When the maps are finished ,he promi ses that they sha l l Show why the compas s need le turns toward s the north-eas t and north-west, and that thi s wi l l provide H isMajesty with a sure ru le for find ing the longitude : creo que su

magestad y los sefiores del conseyo qudaron satisfechos de l las por qveran co mo se puede navegar por redondo por sus derotas [Harrisse

suggests that this means by means of the ind ications of the compass o r rhombo] como se aze por vua carta y la cau sa por 61nordesteay noruestea laguya y como es forcoso q 10 aga y que tantas uartas

a de nordestear y noruestear antes q torna aboluerse az ia e nortey en que merid iano y con esto tema su magt la regla cierta paratoma r la longitud .

The letter closes with a request that the official s of the Casa deContratacion may be instruéi ed to pay him a third of his sa lary ,which wou ld enable h im to vi s it H is Majesty ’ s Counci l with a ser

vant whom he had left behind on the coast of B razil, and who hadrecent ly returned , bringing information as to what the Portuguesewere doing there.

—Cabot ’ s sala ry had been attached a s a result ofthe lawsuits growing out of the exped ition to La P lata . The to al

orders in which the Queen Regent d ireéted that portions of is

sa lary shou ld be pa id him,dated 1 1 March and 1 1 May, 1 53 1 , and

1 2 March , 1 5 3 2, are described as Nos . 68-70 : Other memorandaregard ing his sa lary are noted as Nos . 1 1 1-1 1 3 .

Cabot itBi i ograpbv

CABOT (SEBAST IAN) In hac pro tems in planum figura

continetur totus terre glodus insu le, por tus, flum ina

,

sinus,syrtus et breu ia, q3 hatenus aneoter icis adaperta sunt,

eorumq, nomina et qui ea loca aper uere ut e isdem hu ius

figure tabulis l iquidius pa te t ad hec omnIum q a maior ibus

cogn i ta sun t,necnon que a Ptholomeo referuntur regionum

scilscet prou inciarum,urbi ii

,mOtium

,fl iiuiorii

,c limat ii

,

parallelorumq3 tam Europe ("

j Asie Aphricae exaé’ta de

scr iptio. Anotibis tamé cadide leé’tor s itum hune o rb isterrarii depié

’tfi esse iuxta uariatione qua acus nauatica

utitur ad art ii septé’

trionalis obseruationi cuius rationé‘

per

legere poté’

s tabula secunda decim i septim i numer i . (39)This Latin title, fol lowed by a Spani sh version of the same text,

is on the south-wes t quad rant of a world map printed from an en

graving on copper-plate, composed of fou r separately printed parts,each measuring 80 x 62 centimetres

, pasted together on cardboard,

the who le measu ring 2 m. 1 9 x 1 m . 2 5, or 5 ft. 1 1 x 4 ft. 1 .

The only copy of thi s map now known to ex ist i s exhibi ted inthe Geographica l department of the Bibl iotheque Nationale a t Pa r is .I t was found in 1 84 3 by Von Martins in the house of a curate inBavaria , and was purchased by the French Government during thefollowing year . (3 9

1

)A nother copy, as may safely be assumed , i s noted in the l ist of

maps consu lted by ORTE L IU S during the preparation of hi s

Tbea trunzOrbis Ter ra rum,1 570, No . 1 80 . I t i s d escribed as Vn i

uersalem Tabulam ; quam impressam aenei s form is vid imus, seds ine nom ine loci , impressori s .

”

(3 92

)A facsimi le of the Pari s map, made by E . Rembielinski , was pub .

l ished in JOMA RD ,Monuments de la Ge

’

ograp/zie, 1 8 62, plate xx i t

lacks two of the corner o rnamentations,a few names on the map,

and the accompanying legend s d escribed below, Nos . 54 , 55 . (3 93

)Th irteen fu l l-s ize photographic facsimi les were made in 1 882,through the efforts of severa l New England students represented by

Mr . Charles Deane . Two of these were retained by the B ibliotheque Nat iona le, and the others were d epos ited wi th the Massachu setts H i storica l Society, the Pub l ic Library, and the A thenaeumLibrary in Boston, the American A ntiquarian Society inWorcester

,

Massachu setts,the H arvard Un ivers ity Library at Cambridge

, the

New York H istorica l Society and the A merican Geographica lSociety in New York City

,the Long I sland H istorica l Society in

B rooklyn ,the Library Company in Phi ladelphia , the Vi rg inia

H istorica l Society at R ichmond , and the Ma ine H i storica l Societya t Portland . (3 9

4

)The Canad ian Min ister of A gricu lture

,aéting through the

Dominion A rch ivist, Dr. Douglas B rymner, secured from Paris in

Cabot JBii ograpbv

1 897 a negat ive from the map, from which a photo-l ithograph ofthe map was made . Copies of this facsimi le , which IS somewhatless than ha lf the Size of the origina l , accompany BRYMNER, Reporton Canadian Arcbi fves , 1 897,

—Otta <wa,1 89 8, and a lso DAW SON ,

La test P/za ses,NO. 3 1 9 . (39

5

)A carefu l facs imi le of the North A tlantic port ion of the map,

Showing the co lors of the origina l , is in HA R RI SSE , 7. et S .

Cabot,1 882 . From this

,reduced copies were made

,without the

colors , for his Discovery and Ca bot. The s ignificant portions of themap are a l so copied in STEVEN S , Hist. and Geog . Notes, pl . 4 ; LAG RAVIERE

,Ma r ins—Pa r is , 1 879 , i . BREVOORT ,

in Histor ica lMaga z ine (Dawson), March, 1 868 , xi i i . 1 2 9 WIN SOR , Amer ica ,i I i . 2 2 , and Columbus , 626, Copied In BRYMNER

, CanadianArcfzirves ,DAW SON, La test Pba ses , and el sewhere

,WIN S H IP , Corona do, in

X IV. Report of U. S . Burea u of Etbnology, 3 52 ,K RET S C HMER

,

Entdeckung Amer ikas ; MARKHAM , 7ourna l s, xxxi i . WEARE , Cabot,2 66 ; Scr ibner

’s Maga z ine, Ju lyy, 1 897, xxi i . 66 , 67: see ii ote to

PIE R S,No . 4 8 1 . The facs imi le , which i s referred to i n GOLDSMID’

S

Hakluyt, No. 1 3 3 , as facing p . 2 3 of vol . xi i ,” was apparently not

pub li shed .

The cartograph ic portion of the plate I S el liptica l , and 15 com

posed on the orthographic proj eétion d evi sed by A pianu s In 1 524,the sca le of longitude bein one thi rd less than that of the lat itude.

I t conta ins indications ofmagnet ic l ines wi th no variation,which

are transformed into merid ians, and starting points ca lculated to

enab le mariners to find the longitude at sea .

” The fou r corners ofthe plate , beyond the limits of the map proper , exhibit each a largeengraved head of Eolu s, colored by hand , l ike the coasts, figures ofmen

, anima l s, and things within the map. On the upper part, tothe left

, i s an engraving of the A nnunciat ion, with a Latin paraphraseof the angel ic salutation In six lines . To the right, a re the engravedarms of the Empi re, surmount ing an abso lutely unintel ligible iascript ion in Spanish : Solas del So lo en cl mundo en seruicio delasquales muriendo viuen lea les . In the lower corners on each side 13

a cosmographica l table of latitudes In degrees and minutes , each enclo sed within a frame .

Thi s description of the map, adapted from B ARRI S S E , Cabot, 4 374 3 8 , and his Cabot Ca r tog r apbe, NO. 3 9 1 , may be compared wi ththat given by M . D

’A V EZAC in the Bulletin de la Societe

'

de Ge'

o

g rapbie,—Pa r is , 1 8 57, 4 Ser . xiv . 268-270 . The tables of letterpress which are pasted upon the sides of the map, a re described indeta i l below.

The title of the map, ofwh ich the Latin version i s quoted above ,No . 3 9 , states that “ this figure, projeéted on a plane , conta ins a llthe land s which have yet been d iscovered , with thei r namesand the d iscoverers of them,

as i s more Clearly expressed in the

accompanying tables (of inscriptions or legend s) together with all

that was previou s ly known . . A nd you Shou ld note that theland 15 p laced accord ing to the variation which the compas s need le

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

makes w ith the north star,the reason for which may be seen in the

second co lumn number seventeen . This seventeenth legend—see

No . 5 59—States that “Sebast ian Cabot, capta in and pi lot major to

the Emperor Charles V ,made this figure projeél ed on a plane in

the year 1 54 4 , hav ing d rawn it by degrees of latitude and

longitude,with the w ind s, as a sa iling chart

,fol lowing partly

Pto lemy and partly the modern Spanish and Po rtuguese d i scoveries,and partly the d iscovery made by hi s father and himself ; by it youmay sa il as by a sea chart , hav ing regard to the variation of the

need le .

”

There is no ind ication on the map or in the printed legend s toShow where i t was d rawn

,engraved , printed or publi shed . The

typographica l appearance, interpreted by what is known of the a rtsof printing and engraving during the second quarter of the s ixteenthcentury

,have led students to agree wi th M r. H arrisse in assuming

that the map was printed in the Spani sh Netherland s, probably atA ntwerp, at about the date given in the legend quoted above—1 544 .

The p lates used for printing the map now in Pari s, or Copies ofthe map printed from those plates, may have been sent from the

place of origina l publication to London, where a .new set of the

accompanying Latin legend s appears to have been publ ished , andi ssued with copies of the map , by CLEMENT A DAMs in 1 54 9 .

Th is ed ition of the legend s i s di scussed below , No . 553 : if theyaccompanied an engraved map, it was perhaps printed from the samep lates a s the one now at Pari s ; see the notes Nos . 4 9 and 52.

H akluyt,fo llowed by Pu rchas, speaks of thi s London 1 54 9 map a s

cut by A dams . I t i s not unlikely that changes may have beenmade on the plates by A dams, or under his d ireétion

,especial ly

Since there is every reason to suppose that A dams was acqua intedwi th Cabot at this period . Mr . H arrisse

,however

,has advanced

strong reasons for not accepting this language in i ts l itera l sense of“engraved

,as implying an entirely new map.

DR . DAWSON,who compared the variou s references to thesemaps

with much insight in 1 894—NO. 3 1 6

—concluded (1 ) That thePari s map of 1 54 4 is not C abot ’ s in any sense that wou ld make himresponsible for i ts accuracy, that it was not publ ished or prepared inSpain, that he never cor reéfed the proofs, but that he probab ly contribu ted in some measure to the materia l from which i ts unknownau tho r compi led i t.(2 ) That the map in the Queen’ s Ga llery engraved by C lement

A dams was essentia l ly d ifferent in i ts American geography fromthat of 1 54 4 , and that it was based on some of Cabot ’ s Charts madein England

,and that Lok ’ s map (NO . 1 56) taken wi th Gi lbert

’ s andW i lles

'

s statements (NOS . 4 8 and 4 9) afford s a usefu l indicat ion as to

what these charts conta ined .

"

(3 97)

A t least one copy of the London 1 54 9 map belonged to the

C rown, and hung in the P rivy Ga l lery a t Whiteha ll (1 576 and

1 62 5 ) or Westminster (1 589 A copy was seen at Oxfordby CHY'

I‘

RE U S (NO. 75) some t ime after 1 565 . There were sa id

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

to be other copies in “many ancient merchants houses,when

HAKLUYT wrote in 1 584 , and aga in in 1 600 . D E LAET (No . 1 54 )probably rel ied on Hak luyt for h is statement that not a few copiesof the map sti l l rema ined in England in 1 6 3 3 . (3 9

9

)The word s prima terra u ista , p laced against the north-eastern

po int of what represents Cape B reton i s land on th is map , affordthe most conclusive evidence for locat ing the Spot of Cabot

’ s landfal l in 1 4 97.

—See the I ntroduéi ion, pp. xiv and xl-xli , and the

accompanying references .

CABOT (SEBASTIAN)Sebas t ian Cabot is recorded as having drawn the fol lowingmaps, each of which probably existed only in manuscriptform

THREE M APS,drawn for Char les V . and his‘se secretary

Samano,as described in Cabot ’s le t ter of 1 53 3

—see the

notes to No . 38, and HARR I SSE,D iscovery, 594 595 . (4 0)

[A MANUSCR IPT DRAFT or ske tch of some sor t for the

engraved map NO . 39 see the Introduéfion, p . xl ix . (4 1 )

VN MAPA MONDO GRANDE , which Cabo t showed some

t ime before 1547 to the Mantuan gen t leman who is

quo ted by RAMUSIO and discussed in the no tes to No .

1 94 . Th is map showed the Por tuguese and Spanishvoyages . (4 2)

VN M A P A MUND I cor tado por el equinocio, which Cabo tsent to Charles V . from London in November

,1 553 , as

described in an accompany ing le t ter , No . 59 . Harr isse

sugges ts tha t this map may have been ident ica l wi th the

one which Juan Bau t is ta Gesio,in a memor ial addressed

to the Span ish kings, dated Madrid,20 September, 1 575 ,

declared to be royal proper ty . I t was descr ibed as : (4 3 )

VN M A P A ANTIGUO de pergamino i luminado, in the l ibraryofJuan de Ovando

,the deceased presiden t o f the Consejo

de las Indias . See the no tes to J IMENEZ DE LA ESPADA,

NO. 4 23 , or HARR I SSE,Cabot

,283 . This same map may

have been the one described as : (44 )

Cabot JBibl iograpbv

CABOT (SEBAST IAN) Maps—continued .

VN MAPA que dio (Sebas t ian Caboto) al Rey de Cas t i l la,which figured 4 3

° longi tude be tween Goa and Moz am

bique,accord ing to CE S PEDE S , NO . (4 5 )

VNA CARTA UN IVER SE L de todo el orbe en plano 6 en un

cuerpo eSphérico, was, according to OVIEDO,No . 1 82

,a

thing which Cabo t was compe ten t to construéf : he does

not Specify any part icu lar example . (46 )UNA CARTA D A NAV IGARE d iligen t iss ima fat ta a mano

,e

tut ta r i trat ta a punto da una propria del de t to Caboto,which Guido Gianeti de Fano examined in London

,

during the reign of Edward VI .

,and which he descr ibed

to LIVI O SANUTO, No . 209, as showing a merid ian,based

upon a poin t of no magne t ic var ia t ion,a hundred and ten

mi les wes t of F lores, an island of the Az ores group. Thismap was presumably iden tica l wi th one of the fol lowing

(47)CH ARTS

,whiche are yet to bee seene

,in the Queenes

Ma iesties pr iuie Gal lerie, atWhi teha l l ; in which, according to G ILBERT

,NO . 1 17, wri t ing before 1 566,

“Cabo thath by h is personall experience set foorth

,and descr ibed

the north-wes t passage to Cathay . One of these mayhave been the engraved map of 1 544 or 1 54 9 , but thereseems to be no good reason fo r doubt ing the correé’tness

ofGi lber t’s plural . See the no tes under 555. Tha t there

was a map showing Cabot’s American d iscover ies in the

palace at Whi tehal l seems to be sta ted by STRACHEY,NO.

2 13 : the draugh t ofwckvoyage is yet to be seene .

”

(4 8 )H IS CARDE drawen wi th his owne hande ; on whichW I L LE S,No . 230, in 1 577 read Cabo t’s “ owne discourse of naui

gation.

”Like the map descr ibed by Gi lber t, this one

apparently showed a nor th-west passage, so that i t cou ldhardly have been the engraved map of 1 544 , a lthough theaccompanying narrat ive s trongly suggests their ident i ty .

The suggestion has not been made tha t C lemen t Adams

may have published a map, showing Cabot’s discoveries in

the North At lan tic, wi th the text quo ted by HAKLUYT—see No . 55

2—but wi thou t the o ther legends from the

1 544 maP (4 9)

Cabot B ibl iograpbv

CABOT (SEBASTIAN) Maps—continued .

H IS (CARTOGRA P H ICALL) TA B L E, the which my good Lorde(of Bedford) hath at Cheynies ; is also referred to byW I L LE S . I t is not necessary to suppose tha t this tableand the “

carde”men t ioned in the preceding paragraph

were identical,al though both represen ted Open wa ter to

wards the north-west be tween 6 1 ° and 64 ° N. (50)H I S OWNE MA PPE s discourses drawne and wri t ten byhimselfe ; which HAK LUYT in I 5SZ—~NO. 1 24—said

wou ld shor t ly come out in print . They were then in

the possess ion of Cabo t’s successor,Wi l liamWorthington

see the Introdué’tion, p. li . (5 1)

TH E GREAT MA P in his Maiesties priu ie Gal lerie, of whichSebas tian Cabo t is often therein cal led the Authour

,and

his Piéture is therein drawne ; which PURCHAS descr ibesin his P i lgr imes, No. 188

,i i i . 807. The words “

oftenand therein

,

” taken in conneé’tion wi th the paral le l passagein which Purchas speaks of TheMap wi th his p iéture inthe Pr iuy Ga l lery,

”

wou ld seem to imply some thing different from the 1 544 map, No . 39 . I t may have been the

same as the map descr ibed as Nos . 4 9 or 50. (52)A map ordered by the Fuggers, the great commercialhouse of Antwerp, which is men t ioned in the notes to

HA EBLER,NO. 369 , appears never to have been delivered

by Cabo t . (53)

CABOT (SEBAST IAN) Tabula prima. Del A lmirante .

T abvla secvnda . (54 )Two columns of printed text, measuring 27 centimetres wide

and 55 centimetres long, pasted upon the two sides of the map

d escribed above,No . 3 9 .

This text consists of a series of pa ragraphs, which contain a

d escription of variou s portions of the adjo ining map, to whichreference is made by means of numbers p laced aga inst each paragraph to correspond w ith s imi lar numbers engraved on the map.

E ach d escript ion is in Spanish , fol lowed by a version of the sameinformation in Latin, except at the foot of the second column ,

where there a re five pa ragraphs, numbered 1 8 to 2 2,in Spanish

not fo l lowed by the Lat in . The Latin version of numbers 1 9 to

2 2,however, i s to be found engraved upon the body of the map,

together w ith three addit iona l Spani sh legend s, only one of which


20 Cabot JBi i ograpbv

and the north star ” ; 1 8 . a quotation from P l iny , l ib . 2 , cap. (67,printed 1.xx1x) ; 1 9 . Rocos i sland s ; 20 . 2 1 . 22 . E ast Ind iai s land s .T he legend s which are engraved on the face of the map and are

not reprinted in the pamphlet relate to Ciapangu or Japan, “ofthefishwh ich stops a ship,” and the ti t le legend quoted in ful l above, NO. 3 9 .

The Latin legend s which accompanied the map of 1 54 4 wereapparently reprinted in London by C lement A dams

, perhaps in1 54 9 ,

—see notes under NO. 3 9 . A Copy of thi s ed ition may have

been seen at Oxford by CHYTRIEU S,No . 75, who transcribed the

legend s , in which the d ate 1 54 9 replaces 1 54 4 in legend 1 7. Thi stext as printed by Chytraeus fol lows that of the Lat in legend s onthe Pari s map, except that each paragraph has a head ing or descript ive tit le

,and tha t there I S a La tin version of the C iapangu

-Japane

,gend which occu rs only In Spanish engraved on the face of the

map , and of legend 1 8,w ith the corre& reference to the chapter In

P liny from wh ich it is taken. There are a l so variations in Spel l ingand phraseology , such as might natu ral ly be made by a copyi st :such of these a s occu r in legend 8 are noted below. The d a te I 54 9—which m ight have been a ltered by a m isread ing, a blu rred type ,a sl ip of the transcriber ’ s pen, or a misprint in the reprint ing—i spartia l ly confirmed by a margina l note in PURC HA S , Pi lgr imag e ,1 62 5 , i i i . 807 :

“This Map, some say, was taken out of Sir Seb .

Cabot’s Map by C lem. A dams in 1 54 9 see NO. 4 9 . (55a )H AKLUYT , a s explained in the notes to No . 3 9

6,examined severa l

copies of a C abot map“ sett out ” or

“cut

” by C lement A dams,

from which be copied a va riant text of legend 8 . This text, as

printed bfy H ak luyt In 1 589 , No . 1 2 5 , and In 1 600 , NO. 1 2 6 , d iffers

entirely rom that of the Paris map and from that Copied byChytraeus, a lthough it conta ins id entical information. No plau s iblereason has been suggested to expla in why A dams shou ld have takenthe trouble to make a new translation, when he mu st in al l probab i l ity have possessed a copy of the legend as a l ready printed . Therewas as l itt le reason why H ak luyt

,who m ight have introduced

changes similar to those ascribed to Chytraeus , shou ld have re

wri tten the entire paragraph . The d ifficu lties of explanation a re in

creased by the introdué’

tion of such dubious phrases as credo and

hac op inor ratione ,” where the Paris and Chytraeus texts are ex

pl ici t. M r. H arrisse 15 of the op inion that the d ifferences In the

word ing . do not prove the existence of a third ed ition of

Cabot’s planisphe i e. They Simply ind icate a gratu itous manipu lat ion by H akluyt of A dams’ text .” There are quite as strong reasonsfor the op inion that an ed it ion of a map show ing Cabot’s NorthA tlantic d iscoveries was set forth by A d ams, on wh ich was printedthe legend quoted by Hak luyt. See the notes to Nos. 4 9 , 50, and52 (556)HAKLUYT in 1 600 reprinted this C lement A dams legend , chang

ing the date of the d iscovery from 1 4 94 to 14 97. Such a changem ight natura l ly have been made by him on the basis of the informa

Cabot JBibl iograpbv

t ion, showing the later date to be the correél one , which he i s knownto have acqu ired in the interva l between 1 589 and 1 600 . Pu rchas ,however

,in 1 625 States specifically that C abot’s map in the P rivy

Ga l lery hath From these faé‘ts, Mr . H arrisse decides thatA dams first printed the legend s wi th the date 1 4 94 Copied from the

1 54 4 ed ition that he afterwa rd s, perhaps from Cabot, learned that

this was a m istake ; and that he then reprinted the column conta in

ing the correéi ed date 1 4 97, substituting thi s on a ll unsold copies ofthe map . The change

,it may be noted , occurs in the text quoted

by H akluyt . I t is extremely probable that if this a ltered date appearedin the legend s attached to some Copies of the map as now known,the a l teration was made w ith pen and ink . (55c)To summa rize : two 1 54 4 ed itions of the Cabot map legend s, in

Latin and Spanish, have been described from exist ing Copies . In

add ition , it is probable that an ed it ion of the Latin legend s was

printed in London in 1 54 9 , and these may al so have appeared insome other form

,of which the A dams-H ak luyt text was a part. In

1 594 , 1 59 9 , and 1 606, the 1 54 9 Latin ed ition was reprinted byCHYTRJEUS , NO. 75 . In 1 6 3 3, DE LA ET , No . 1 54 , reprinted the

A dams-H akluyt text,and thi s was republ i shed by him in a French

version in 1 64 0 .

The legend s were not again printed unti l after the recovery of thePari s map in 1 84 3 . M . Jomard intended to reprint them, to

company h is facs imi le of the map, No . 3 93

. Thi s purpose is said tohave been carr ied out by hi s son-in-law, M . Rossel l i

,some time after

the d eath of M . Jomard ,—a l ithographic facs imi le of the legend sbeing issued in a l imited ed it ion for private circulation . The

officia l s of the B ibl iothéque Nationale s tate that no Copy of such a

reprint can be found in that l ibra ry . (55d )A carefu l transcript of the legend s from the Pari s map was mad e

for Mr. Cha rles Deane,and thi s was printed by Mr . C . C . Sn

gth

,

together with a trans lation by M r . George B endelari , in the o

ceedings of theMassachu setts H istorica l Society, 1 2 February, 1 8 9 1 ,new series, v i . 30 5- 3 3 9 . Twenty copies of these pages were sepa rately i ssued with a specia l cover title, for priva te d istribu tion. Thistranscript ionof the legend s, togetherwith Mr. Bendelari

’

s trans lation,was reprinted by D r. Dawson in BRYMNER , Report on Canad ian

Arcfzi fves,1 8 97a—Otta fwa

,1 898 , 1 06- 1 2 5 . (5 5e)

The Engl ish vers ion in BEAZLEY,No . 2 56 , pp. 222-24 4 , i s

based upon that of Bendelari, al though carefu l ly compared w iththe o rigina l texts.The accu racy of the statement which declares that Sebastian

Cabot d rew the map, and by an inevitable inference wrote the

accompanying legend s , has been doubted by most of those bestqua lified to judge of its truth . Those who attack the persona lcharaéter and the scientific reputation of Cabot , and those whomainta in h is right to eminence, are equally anxiou s to dissociateh im from any respons ib il ity for the cartography and the geographyof this document .

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

Sebast ian Cabot , during the years when this map and the textof the legend s which fo rm an integra l part of i t, were composed ,resided in Spain. A s stated in the notes to NO. 3 9 , i t i s supposedthat these were printed in the Low Countries. Whether composedby Cabot w ith his own hand , or, as is qu ite as l ike ly, by someone

work ing in co l laboration wi th him,the d raft of the map and of

the legend s mu st have been sent in manuscript to the place of

printing. A comparative examination of the Spanish and the

Latin texts shows that they were probably composed in Spanishand afterward s translated into Latin, most probab ly at the place of

printing, for the sake of rendering them more intel l igible to a w idercircle of Eu ropean readers . The translator made some changesand a few add itions

,the natu re of which i s shown by the extraéts

given below,where the word s wh ich occu r only in the Latin are

quoted in that language. For the most part , these variat ions aresuch as m ight natura l ly be made by anyone t ranslating free ly andpossess ing a sl ight acquaintance with the subjeét. One addition of

very curiou s importance occurs in legend 8 , where the Latin statesthat Cabot mad e the landfal l at Bacal laos “

at five O’clock in the

morning .

” The Spani sh read s “ in the morning .

” Unless the

translato r had some source of informat ion of which he gives nohint, he must have introduced thi s hour as one which seemed to

him probable, or perhaps, as the d iéIionary interpretation of the

Spanish early morning .

”

A manuscript Copy of the twenty-two Spanish legend s wh ichappear in the letterpres s at the Sides of the Pari s map, exi sts in the

Royal Library at Mad rid . I t i s in a volume apparently conta iningtranscripts of geographica l information

,these legend s being pre

ceded by the narrative of his third voyage written by Columbus .The page of contents refers to these legend s as :

Declaratio chartae nauigatoriae Domini A lmi rantis .

Tiene vn tratado de la Ca rta de nauegar, hecho por cl Doéi or

G raja les, en el Puerto d e Sanéta Maria,i el vso d e dos Tab las,

para saber el 0 110 d el 801, i los ocasos d esde el a ltu ra d e . 3 8 . grados,hasta la de . 4 8 . por el mismo . (56)Mr . B arrisse , to whom the publ icat ion of these faé‘ts i s due , in

his D iscov ery, 64 0-64 1 , does not state whether the last Clause inthis t itle refers to the two tables which were reprinted in the

pamphlet legend s, N0 . 5 5 , from the lower corners of the engravedmap, or whether this refers to someth ing which has no conneftion

with the map or legend s,bu t wh ich was a lso transcribed into the

manuscript vo lume . The faéf that only the twenty-two printedlegend s, not includ ing those engraved on the face of the map,appear in this manuscript, suggests that th is was transcribed fromthe printed text . There i s nothing to Show the authority upon

which thei r a uthorship was ascribed to D r. G raj a les, a person of

whom nothing else has yet been made known . Thi s authorsh ip.

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

however, is made more probable by an entry in LEON PINE LO ,Biblioteca ,

No . 4 3 6 , pp. 1 4 4-14 5

D . Christova l Co lon . Declaracion de la tabla navigatoria . H al

lase este breve tratado impres so con su ca rta , que queda pues ta .

Doét. Graja les. Del u so d e la carta de navegar,imp . con el referido

tratado de CO16 . (56a )As stated above , No . 55

1

,the faa that the fi rst legend treated of

Columbus seems to have mi sled those whose hasty g lance read nofurther

,into the suppos ition that the A dmi ra l was ent itled to the

whole of thi s work . Moreover, despite the specific and repeatedStatements of Leon P inelo , that th is work was printed in Spanish,no one accu stomed to the crit ica l u se of b ib l iograph ic manua lswould assume that the reference quoted above was not taken fromthe manuscript now in Mad rid , NO. 56, or that the latter was not

transcribed from the pamph let o r map known to have been printed .

The statement that they were wri tten—“hecho”

impl ies authorship—by Doétor Graja les remains unsupported by confi rmatoryproof, but there are no sufficient reasons for doubt ing its truth .

W IN SOR, Controv er sies, No . 571 , p. 1 3 , and DAW SON , No . 3 1 9 ,

p . 1 07, refuse to accept thi s proof of au thorsh ip, as mainta inedby H arr isse

,and suggest that Graja les may have possessed merely

a copy of the map or the pamphlet legend s from wh ich thi stranscript was made .

Legend s 1 -8 , and perhaps 1 4 , refer to the regions which hadbeen add ed to the known world within the l ifetime of SebastianCabot . They represent what was presumably known regard ingthese regions by wel l-informed persons in a posit ion to secu reinformation concerning the progresS of exploration . The otherparagraphs , except ing No . 1 7, contain the cu rrent ideas held bythese same persons regard ing the ha lf-known Older world , which i spopu larly associated w ith the travel s of Marco Po lo , Sir JohnMandevi lle , and A dam of B remen . HAR RI SSE

, Cabot, 287, fol lowing KOHL , remarks that these descriptions are fu l l of legendarystories abou t sea monsters

, peop le with one foot or one eye, men

w ith faces l ike dogs , speéI res or ghosts speaking in the a ir, and

much more of the same sort . I t shou ld be added that in each casethese statements are given as hearsay. The authority for themex isted in the mos t tru stwo rthy works that had then been publ i shedin regard to the regions in ques tion .

L EGEND 8 conta ins the very important statement, apparentlymade by Sebast ian Cabot , that the country of Bacallaos, the presentCanad ian A tlant ic seaboard , was d iscovered by John Cabot and hisSon Sebastian on the morning of 24 June (Ju ly) 1 4 94 (at the fifthhou r, about daybreak) ; that the point of land fa l l was named

first land seen and that a large i sland lying off this point wasnamed St . Johns becau se i t was a l so d iscovered on that sa int’s dayE sta tierra fue d escub ierta por Ioan Caboto Veneciano, y SebastianCaboto su hijo

,anno d el nascimiento de nuestro Sa luador Iesu

Christo de M .C C CC .XC I I I I . a ueinte y quatro de Iunio por la

Cabot JBibliograpbv

mannana , a la qua l pus ieron nObre prima t ierra u ista , y a una i s lagrade que esta par d e la dha tierra, le pus ieron nombre sant Ioan,po r auer s ido d escub ierta cl m ismo d ia : Terram hanc o lim nob isclausam

,aperu it Ioannes Cabotus Venetu s

,necnO Sebast ianu s

Cabotus eiu s fil ius,anno ab orbe redempto 1 4 94 . d ie nero 24 . Iul ij ,

ho ra 5 . sub d ilucu lo , qua terrz‘

i primI'

I u isam appel lart’

i t,8e Insula

quanda magna c i oppos ita, Insula d io i Ioannis nominarti t, qu ippequa: so lenni d ie festo d ini Ioannis aperta fu it . (55

2

)The para l lel passage quoted by H AKLUYT—See No . 5 5b

—read s :A nno Dom ini 1 4 9 4, I oamnes Cabotus venetus , Sebastianus i lliu s

fi lius earn terram fecerunt peru iam,quam nu l lus pri iI s adire ausus

fu isset,d ie 24 Iunij , Ci rciter horam quintam bene mané. H anc

autem appellau it Terram PrimiIm vi sam , credo quod ex mari ineam partem primiIm ocu los iniecerat. Nam quae ex aduerso s itaest insula

,earn appellau it insulam D . I oannis, hac opinor ratione ,

quOd aperta fuit eo d ie qui est sacer D . Ioanni Bapti stae . (553

)DAW S ON

,in h is Latest Pba ses, suggests that the om ission of the

qual ifying grand e in this H ak luyt-A dams text, was probably aresu l t of A dams ‘ intercou rse w ith Cabot, who informed him thatthe i sland of St . John on the engraved map of 1 54 4 was one of the

group now named the Magda len island s , and that the is land d iscovered ou the same d ay as the landfa l l—Scatari is land off Cape

B reton,in D r . Dawson ’ s opinion—was not “ large .

”

THE E IGHTH LEGEND as copied by CHYTRIEU S at Oxford agreeswith the Latin text from the Pari s map, except for the spel l ingsIoba nnes, insu lam c i appositam,

and the date, anno 1 594 .

d ie verO24 . Iuni i . (554

)DE LA ET , on the other hand

,in 1 6 3 3 fol lowed H AKLUYT, NO.

553,in general, except for the read ings A nno Domini C IOC C CC

X CVII d ie XX IV Iul ii appel lavit Insu lam quodinv enta fu it eo d ie

, qu i sa cer est S. Ioanni Baptistae. These va riat ions are such as may reasonably be ascribed to a copyi st .HAKLUY

'

I‘ in 1 600 reprinted No . 5 5

3, changing the date 14 94 to

1 4 97. PURCHA S in 1 6 1 3 and 1 62 5 stated that “ the Map in

the P riuy Ga l lery bath 1 4 97. A S suggested above, thi s change isone that may easi ly have been made in manuscript upon the printedsheet.G ILB E RT , No . 1 1 7, apparently found the d ate I 1 June upon one

of Cabot ’ s charts, but this was probably either a manuscript mapor a printed map qu ite d ifferent 3 9 .

—See Nos . 4 8 and

52 .

The word s prima tierra uista appear on the Paris map aga instwhat is clearly intended to represent the north-eastern point of CapeBreton island . Thi s ev idence, which wou ld apparently determ inethe exaé

‘

t point , and the t ime,of the Cabot landfa l l on No rth

America , is not accepted by many who have examined the evidence

in i ts variou s aspeéts . See the Introduétion, pp . xx . MR .

H ARR I SSE,in his Cabot, 1 22-1 24 , even goes so far as to suggest the

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

motives which led Cabot del iberately to place these word s ind icatinga land fa l l in the region to which French enterprise had givenpotentia l importance, as a suggestion of B rit ish claims and a b idfor the K ing of E ngland ’ s favor . ” DR . DAW SON , especial ly in hIs

Pbases, repl ies to Harri sse,arguing with much force in favor

of the ev idence of the map .

LEGEND 8 describes the country d iscovered by the Cabots as a

very steri le land , where the people d ressed in the sk ins of animal sand fought with bows and arrows

,lances , d arts , wooden clubs , and

Sl ings . The anima l s included white bears, (l ions) and large stagsl ike horses . There were quantities of fish, sturgeons, salmon,so les a yard long, and especia l ly codfish, or baccallaos as they werecommonly ca l led . Fo r b ird s. there were hawks as black as crows,eagles, partridges, and l innets : la gente della andan uestidos de

pieles de animales,u san en su s guerras a rcos, y flechas , lancas , y

dardos,y unas porras d e palo, y hondas . E s tierra muy steri l , ay

en ella [ leonibus] muchos orsos plancos , y ciemosmuy grades comocaua llos

,y otras muchas animales , y semeiantemete ay pescado

infinito,sollos, s almOes , lenguados, muy grandes d e uara enlargo

y otras mucha s d iuersidad es d e pescados, y la mayo r mu lt itud del losse d izen bacca l laos (q, uu lgu s Baca ll ios appel lat) y asi mismo ay en

la dha tierra H alcones prietos como cuernos A gu i llas , Perd ices (q,su sco colo re) Pardi llas, y otra s muchas anes d e d iuersas maner

(

as .6

)55

Compare this description with what was written in 1 4 97 byPA SQUA LIGO, No . 1 8 5, and by RA IMONDO , Nos . 1 9 1 , 1 9 2 ; and

a lso w ith MARTYR, NO. 1 60 , and RAMU SIO, No . 1 94 .

L EGEND 7 contains an account of the re-d iscovery of La P lata bySebastian Cabot , whom the Latin text describes a s nau igand i arteastrorumq, peritiss imus

,

” there being nothing in the Spanish to

suggest th is eu logy . I t tel l s how,the Emperor having placed him

in command of a fleet for the d iscovery ofT arsis,Oph ir (C iapangu) ,

and the E astern Cathay, he was ca rried to -that river by the fortunewhich wrecked hi s best Ship, procel lOSis obru ta fluél ibu s . Seeingthat it was imposs ible to continue the voyage a s o riginal ly planned ,he decided to employ his su rviving resou rces in exploring the river,becau se the nat ives reported that there was much gold and Si lver inthe country : u ista la grand is sima relacion que los Ind ios de latierra le d ieron de la grad iss ima riqueza d e oro y plata que en la dha

t ierra ania . A t the cost of much dangerous toi l and hunger, heestabl ished the people whom he had brought from Spa in in severa lsettlements near the river : cerca d el d icho r io algunas pob laciOes delage’te q l leuo d e espafia ; motu s ducere colonia s coepit , prope flumé

’

nOnul luS arces ac prOpugnacu la cond ere d il igéter cu rau it , qu ibu sH iSpani incolse faci le tuerenter , u im hostid Indorfi inde pro

pellerét . The very large river is described as being twenty-fiveleagues w ide a t its mouth , and two leagues w ide a t three hund redleagues up from the mou th , being fed by many large tributaries . I t

contains immense numbers of excellent fish . Wishing to try the

CflbOf B lbllOQl‘

flDbQ

ferti l ity of the soi l , the co lonists planted fifty-two grains of wheat,which was all the ships ’ stores conta ined , in September, and in

December they gathered fifty and two thousand gra ins : la géte en

l legado aql la tierra qu iso conoscer Si era fert il , y apareiada para labrary l lenar pan y senbraron en el mes de set iembre l i i . granos d e trigoq no se hal lo mas en las naos, y cogierOluego en cl mes de dez iemb re

cinqueta, y dos mi l l granos d e trigo, q esta misma fertilidad se hal loen tod as las otras Semi l las ; colleéi is qu inquaginta duobus triticigranis Decembri uero d uo mi llia supra qu inquaginta mensu it.

See E DEN , No . 9 6 , where he says that Cabot told him that thismeant rather than The natives of the country gavethe Spaniard s to understand that not far in the interior there weresome great mounta in ranges from wh ich no end of gold was obtainedand an equa l amount of s i lver

,fu rther on Los (1 en aquel la t ierra

biné d izen que no lexos de ay en la t ierra adentro q ay unas gradesSierras de donde sacan infinitissimo 010, y 4 mas adelante en las

mi smas Sierras , sacan infinita plata . In this land a sort of sheepgrow to be as big a s asses

,sha ed l ike camel s

,and yielding a wool

as fine as Si lk . The natives o the mounta in Slopes were said to beas whi te as the Spania rd s , but those l iving near the river were dark .

Some say that in the mounta ins [thi s qual ificat ion is omitted in theLat in] there are men with faces l ike dogs

,and others resemble

ostriches from thei r knees down, and they say that these are greatwo rkers

,ra ising much maize for mak ing bread and wine. The

La tin text d iffers from the Spanish in the ord er of a rrangement ofthe d ifferent statements

,but except as noted everything I S repeated

in much the same sense. (5 57

)L EG END 1 7 expla ins the method by which the variat ion of the

compass need le m ight , as Cabot supposed , be u ti l ized for the pu rposes of navigat ion . I t is translated

,wi th an interpretation of its

d ifficu lt ies , by H ARRI SSE, Cabot, 3 09-3 1 0 , and by BENDELAR I and

BEAZLEY,as noted under No . 5 A nother Engl ish translation,

by MAJOR , i s in Ar cbeeolog ia , 1 870 , xl i i i . 1 8-1 9 . The Latin textwas reprinted from CHYTRIEU S by B ERTIU S, Tabularam Geog .

Contraétar um, p . 6 3 2 in 1 600 ed ition , and p . 777 in 1 6 1 6 ed ition.

For a French trans lat ion see p. 777 of the French ed ition of

BERTIUS, 1 6 1 8 . (558

)

CABOT in 1 54 7 i ssued a power of attorney to D iego Gut ierrez,empowering h im to aé

‘

t a s Pi lot Major du ring his chief’ s absence

from Spain—HA RR I SSE

,D iscov ery , 708 . (57)

CABOT (SEBAST IAN) O rd inance s,instrué’tions

,and ad

uertisements of and for the dire& ion of the in tendedvoyage for Ca thay

,compi led, made

,and deliuered by the

righ t worshipfull M . Sebas t ian Cabota Esqu ier gouernourof the mysterie and companie of the Marchants aduen

turet s for the discouerie of Regions,Dominions , Is lands


2 8 Cabot IBtbl iogt‘a Q

England , who had forwarded i t to the Emperor’ s secreta ry , E raso .

This writing referred especia l ly to the demarcation of the Spanishand Po rtuguese possess ions . (59a )Thi s letter from Cabot was apparently written in response to the

one written by the Empero r to Queen Mary, on 9 September,

1 55 3 , NO. 71 .

CABOT (SEBAST IAN ) La manera de dar la longi tud porla declinac ion ii el sol tiene de la Equ inocial . (60)

See SANTA CRUZ , No . 207, for the manuscr ipt work , preservedat Mad rid , in wh ich he d escribes the method of Sebast ian Cabotin England for obta ining the longi tude [at sea] as communicated bya certa in person ”

to Phi l ip I I . I t is translated by HARRI SSE,

Cabot, 30 2-30 5, w ith cri tica l comments .

CABOT (SEB A STI A N) —PORTR A I T .—Effigies . Sebas tian iCabot i Angli . F i li i . Johan IS Cabo t i . Vene t i . Mili tisAvrati . Pr imi . inv'

ét oris . Terra: nova sub HerICO V II .Angl la: Rege . (6 1 )

The inscription on an o il pa inted port ra it , which was perhapsthe same as one described by PURC HAS, P ilgr imes , iv . 1 8 1 2 . as

seen by him before 1 62 5 in the pr iv ie ga llerie atWhite H all . ”In 1 79 2 this piéfure hung in the breakfast-room of Sla ins

Ca stle , near A berdeen, Scotland , the home of Lord E rro l . A fterhis Lord ship

’ s d eath, i t was presented by his representatives, throughSir Frederick Eden

,to Mr . Charles Joseph H arford of B risto l,

England . Mr . H arford ’ s successo r sold the portra it, for ,g500 , toMr . Richard B idd le

,who afterward s Offered to restore it to B ri sto l

if reimbursed the sum he had given for it . Mr . B idd le removedthe portrait to his home in P i ttsburg, Pennsylvania, where it wasd estroyed by fire in 1 84 5 .

—A dapted from MATH EW S , No . 4 56.

Compare Mr . B idd le ’ s account of the early h isto ry of the port ra it,especia l ly for the probable d ispers ion of the Wh iteha l l ga l leryduring the early Commonweal th period , in hi s Memoir , No. 2 6 1 ,

pp . 3 17-3 1 9 . See the note to G EORG E, No . 3 65 . The P ittsburg

conflagration was described by J . H E RON FO STE RA fu l l account of the G reat Fire at Pittsburg, on the 1 0th of

A pri l, 1 84 5—Pittsburg , 1 84 5 . 8v0 . (62)

Three copies of the portrait were made before i ts loss , by JohnG. Chapman for the Massachusetts Historical Society, for the New

Yo rk H istorica l Society, and for the Mayor and Co rporation of

B risto l,England . See the PRO C E EDING S of the first-named society

for March and June,1 8 3 8, i i . 1 0 1

,1 1 1 .

The best engrav ing of the portra it wa s made from the o rigina lfor S EYER

,Br istol

,No . 52 2, ii . 2 08 . The p late from which thi s

was printed is now owned by Mr . W i l liam George—see No . 3 65 .

There a re copies in a large proportion of the book s and i l lustratedmagazine art icles devoted to the Cabots.

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

This po rtrait was commonly reputed to be by Holbein, unti l a

study of that painter' s ca reer Showed that he had probably been

dead for severa l years before it cou ld have been painted—see noteto APP LETON, NO. 2 37, and N ICHOLL S

,NO. 4 68 . The inscrip

t ion quoted above i s interesting becau se it l inks the names of fatherand son ,

but the Clumsy Lat in does not clearly express which wasthe knight or which the d iscoverer. There is no other evidence,except PURCHA S

’

Sir Sebastian Cabot,” in hi s P i lg r imes , iv . 1 177,that either was ever knighted . The Officia l entries of hi s pensionpayments style him “

arm iger or esquire .

See note to BURROUGH , No . 20 .

The officia l record s which refer to Sebas tian C abot ’ s career inSpain and in England are a rranged under BREWE R

,CHARL E S V. ,

EDWARD V I . , and Q UE EN MARY , Nos . 1 4h,66-70 , 9 9

-1 04 , 1 66

1 69 .

CESPEDES (ANDRE S GARC IA DE ) Regimiento de nave

gacion mando haz er el re i uves tro sefior por orden de sv

conseio rea l de las ind ias a Andres Garcia d ’

e Ces pedes sv

cosmografo maio r—[ co lophon] M adr id M .DCV 1. (63 )Sma l l fol io . T 4 l l l l 1 - 1 84 .

The reference to a map given to the Spanish king by Sebastian Caboto de nacion Ingles, P i loto bien conocido is on 1. 1 37.

See No . 4 5.

CHANNING (EDWARD ) Documen ts describing thevoyage of John Cabo t in 14 97. (64 )

Amer ican History Leg‘lets ed ited by E dward Channing of

Harvard University—Nev ) York,Love l l

,No . ix. , May, 1 8 9 3 . 8v0

,

pp . 1 -1 4 . This leaflet conta ins , in handy inexpensive form ,good

translations of the important documents.

CHAPUYS (EUSTACE ) [Let ter to the Queen of H un

gary—London,26 May, 1 54 1 . (65 )

Manuscript in the Imperia l A rchives a t Vienna, Rep. P . Fa sc.

C. 2 3 2, ff. 24-27.

Deciphered and trans lated in GAYANGO S, Ca lenda r of Sta te

Paper s (Spanisb) , vi . pt. i . 3 2 5-3 28 .

The ambassador reports in this d i spatch that “ abou t two monthsago there was a del iberat ion in the Engl ish privy counci l a s to theexped iency of send ing two ships to the no rthern sea s for the purpose of d iscovering a passage between I sland t and Engroneland forthe Northern regions, where it was thought that, owing to the ex

treme cold , Engl ish wool len cloths wou ld se l l for a good price .

To this end the king reta ined here for some t ime a pi lot fromC iuil le we l l versed in affa irs of the sea

,though in the end the

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

undertaking was abandoned,a ll owing to the k ing’s not choos ing

to agree to the pi lot’ s terms.

The note under WYATT, No. 2 3 1 , gives the ground s for sur

m is ing that this Sevi l lian p i lot may have been Sebastian Cabot.B EAZL EY , NO. 2 56 , pp . 1 6 3

-1 65 , doubts the possibi l ity of thisidentification. I t has been suggested that Cabot may have sent anagent to England , or that he may have ins truéted some Sevi l l iand i sciple in what he knew of the northern regions .

CHARLES V . Real cédula mandando se continti e

a la viuda de Américo Vespucio la pension de 10000

maravedis sobre el sue ldo de Sebas tian Caboto, que habia

sucedido 5 Juan D iaz de Sol is en el empleo de Pilo tomayor .

—P amplona , I 6 Noviembre, 1 523 . (66 )Manuscript in the A rch ives of the Ind ies , at Sevi l le

de la Casa de la Contra ta cion, Lib. 1° de ‘Toma de Ra z on

nombramientos, 1 50 3-1 6 1 5 ,fol . 4 2 .

Printed in NAVARRETE,Coleccion, i i i . 308-30 9 . The k ing, in

reply to Cabot’ s protes t that he had received no not ice, when he

accepted the pos i tion, that the pens ion of h is predecessor’s widow ,

and of her sister after her d eath , would be d eduéi ed from his sa laryas p i lot-major, o rdered that this deduétion shou ld continue to be

made in accordance wi th previous cu stom .

CHARLES V . Cédu la—Toledo,25 Oé

’tobre

,1 525 . (67)

Manu script Copy in the l ibrary of the A cademia d e la H istoria ,at Mad rid

,Mufioz Tr anscr ipts , lxxvi i . fol . 1 6 5 .

P rinted in H A RRI SSE , 7. et S . Ca bot , 3 5 5 .

This roya l o rder confirms Cabot ’ s request that maravediswhich he received as gratui ty , in add it ion to his sa lary, shou ld bepa id to his wife, Cata l ina Med rano , during her l ifetime

,in case he

shou ld d ie d uring the voyage of d iscove ry he was abou t to undertake “

al descubrim iento de las i slas d e Tarsi s e Ofir e al Catayo

oriental .During the absence of Charles V . from Spain, the queen atfing

a s regent s igned orders d ireéting the Casa d e Contratacion to paySebastian Caboto certa in sums on account of his sa la ry, which hadbeen wi thheld on account of lawsu its pend ing aga inst him . The

order for 1 1 March,1 5 3 1 , ca l led fo r 30 go ld ducats or mara

ved is, and stated a s a reason fo r the payment that Cabot had been

s ick and was w ithou t means w ith which to ma intain himself : estapreso e detenido en esta Nuestra Co rte, e que a cabsa de lo susod icho e d e aber estado enfermo , é thiene muy gran necesidad, e nonthiene con que se a l imentar et segu ir sus pleytos . Origina l manu

script in the A rchives of the I nd ies a t Sevi l le, Est. 1 4 8 , Caj . 2,

Leg . I ; printed in the Coleccion de documentos ine'

ditos de Indias ,xxxn . 4 4 9

-4 50 . The same references give sim i lar orders for payments i ssued 1 1 May, 1 5 3 1 , and 1 2 March, 1 5 3 2 .

Cabot fi ibl iograpbv 3 ll

A n order from the queen d ireEting the Casa de Contratacion to

pay, out of the moneys due to Sebastian Caboto , the amount ofthe fines and damages to which he had been condemned—see NO.

37 and the Introduétion, p . xxxi—is in the A rchives of the Ind ies atSevi l le

,Est. 14 8, Caj . 2 , Leg . I ; printed in the Coleccion de docu

mentos indditos de Indias, xxxi i . 4 59-4 6 1 .

CHARLES V. Cédula,a los contadores majores—Brusela s

,

1 9 Oé’tubre

,154 8 . (68)

Manu script in the A rchives at Simancas, Libro de Camara , 1 54 6

1 54 8 , fol . 1 2 2-1 2 3 .

P rinted by PERES, in the Boletin Real Acad . Histor ia—Madr id,A pril, 1 89 3 , xxi i . 3 50-3 5 1 .

The king , on learning that Cabot’ s wife had d ied Since the

i ssuance of the cédula noted above , NO. 67, d ireéted that the 2maravedis therein ment ioned Shou ld thenceforth be paid to Cabot.

CHARLES V . A l pres idente y consejeros de Indias—B rusela s

, 5 Noviembre, 1 54 8. (69 )Manuscript at Simancas, found with the preced ing entry.

Printed by PERE S , NO. 4 76 .

This document orders that Cabot shal l be a l lowed to exerci sethe duties , and the privi leges, of his office as pi lot-major, and to

examine pi lots and shipmasters sai ling to the Ind ies .

CHARLES V. A los oficiales de la casa de la Contratacion de las Indias—Brusela s

,8 Noviembre

,1 54 8 . (70)

Manu script at Simancas, wi th NO. 68 . Likewi se printed byPER E S

,No . 4 76.

A confirmation ofNo . 68 .

CHARLES V. [Le t ter from the Emperor toMary Tudor,

Queen of England—A Mons en Haynnau , 9 septembre,1 553 (71 )

P rinted by CL. HOPP ER in Notes and Quer ies—London, 1 862 ,

3 ser .,i . 1 2 5 ; in H ARR I SSE

, 27. et S . Ca bot, 3 62-

3 6 3 .

A n extraSt,in E ngl ish, is in TURNBULL, Ca lenda rs (Foreign),

1 5 5 3-1 5 58 , i . 1 0 .

This letter conta ins a request,which the Emperor had instrué’ted

h is ambassadors to exp la in in detai l , that “ le capita ine Cabotec ideuant p ilote de noz Royaulmes despaigne m ight be d ismi ssedand perm itted to vis it the Emperor, who w ished to consu lt himrega rd ing maritime affa irs : communiquer aucuns affaires con

cernans la sheu rete d e la nau igation d e noz Royau lmes et pays .The Emperor explains that Cabo t had had h is permission to be

absent from his service : de nostre gre et consentement sest pu isaucunes annees pa sse en A ngleterre . See the notes to EDWARD VI . ,

No. 1 02 ; CH EYNE, No. 74 ; and CABOT, No . 59 .

3 2 Cabot JBi i ograpbv

CHARLES V . [Let ter to D . Phi lip, the heir-apparen tBrusela s

,1 6-2 1 February

,1554 . (72 )

Manu script in the arch ives at Simanca s , Cor respondencia can

Ing la terra , leg . 808 .

P rinted in the Coleccion Doc. Ine'

d . Hist. Espan'

a,Mad rid

,1 84 3 ,

i i i . 508-5 1 1 .

This letter,covering a commun ication from Cabot

,NO. 59 , in

struct s the Crown P rince to take the necessa ry precaut ions to meetan A nglo-French exped it ion aga inst Peru.

CHAUVETON (URBAIN) H is toire novvelle dv novveav

monde,Contenan t en somme cc que les Hespa

-

gno ls ont

fai t insqu’

a present aux indes Occ identa les, SI le rude

trai tement qu’

i ls font a ces poures peuples-la . Extrai tede l ’ i ta lien de M . H ierosme B enz on i 81 enrichie

de plus ieurs D iscours e t choses digne de memo ire . Par

M . Vrbain Chavveton .

—Par Evstace V ignon . M .D .Lxx1x.

(Genive) (73 )8vo . T 1 8 11+ pp 1 -726 .

La Histor ia del mondo nv ov o d i M. Girolamo BENZONI Milanesewas publ ished in Venice, 1 56 5 ; reprinted , Venice, 1 572 . In 1 578

M . Chauveton ed ited i t for Vignon of Geneva,d ivid ing the I ta lian

text into chapters and add ing a few notes . I t was reprinted ,Genev a

,1 58 1 ; and

, w ith further add it ions, in 1 58 6 and 1 600 .

Chauveton a lso translated the work into French , as titled above,

making numerous add it ions to the notes . There are severa l Dutchand German ed it ions , from the I ta l ian. A dmi ra l W . H . Smythtranslated the 1 572 edition into Engl ish for the H akluyt Society

,

London, 1 8 57.

An account of a voyage northward in search Of a route to

Cathay, undertaken in 1 507 by Sebast ian Cabot, i s on p. 1 4 1 .

The foreland of Bacal laos was d iscovered,but the cold and icebe rgs

forced the exped it ion to turn back at 67° north : L

‘

an M .D .v 11. i ] yeut vn P i lote Venitien, nommé Sebastian Gabotto, qui entrepritaux d eSpens de H enry 7. Roy d

’

A ug leterre d e cercher

quelque

passage pou r a l ler en Catay par la Tramontane. Cestuy a d es

couurit la pointe de Bacca laos plus hau t, iusqu ’

a soixantesept degrez do Po le, ma is le fro id les gros glacons, dont cestemer du North est pauce, le cont ra igni rent de relascher, s

’

en

reuenir sans rien fa ire.—Som. de P ier re Ma r t. This reference i s

presumably intended for the Sv mma r io described und er RAMUS IO,No . 1 9 2 . The narratives are , however, ent irely d istinEt ; Ramusio

’s

summary ofMartyr gives the no rthern l im it a s and Martyr inh is own work gives no specific a ltitud e.

For the d ate, see the Introduftion, pp. xvn-xvi ii .Thi s paragraph added by Chau veton does not appear in the

Cabot JEi i ograpbv 3 3

ed itions which fol low the one as origina l ly publi shed by B ENZONI .I t is in the Latin and German ed itions in DE BRY ’ S “ Grand sVoyages ," Pa rt iv.,

Latin, 1 59 3 , p. 69 ; German, p . 6 1 .

See note under DE BRY, p . 4 0 .

CHEYNE (SIR THOMAS) and HOBY (SI R PH I L IP)[Dispatch from the Engl ish Ambassadors to Charles V .

to the Pr ivy Counci l in London—B russels,25 November,

I 549 . (74 )Manuscript in the B ritish Museum, London, Cotton MSS . Ga lba

B.X II . fol . 1 24 .

P rinted in HA RRI SSE, 7. et S . Ca bot, 3 59 .

This letter conveys a request received through A ntoine Perrenot,

B ishop ofA rras , the Emperor’ s envoy in F landers (HARRI S SE Ca bot,that Cabot might be sent back to the Imperial service, for

asmuch as he cannot Stand the king you r M”. in any greate

[stead] seing he hath sma le praEtise in these sees and i s a v[eric]necessary man for the emperou r whose servaunt he i s hath a pencion

of bym .

”

CHYTRfEUS (NATHAN KOCHHA FF,

a lias) Var iorvm

in Evropa itinervm delicim sev,ex vari is ma-nv-scriptis

seleé’tio-ra tantvm inscr i-ptionvm maxime recentiummonv

menta . Quibus passim in I talia et Germania,Helvet ia et

Bohemia,Dania et Cimbria

,Belgio et Gal lia

,Anglia et

Po lonia,&c . Templa, arae, scholae, bibl iothecae, musera

,

sacel la,sepulchra, S1C . con-spicua sun t Omnia

nuper col leéta 81 hoc modo diges ta a Na thane Chytraeo.

—H erbornee N assouiorum. I 594 . (75 )1 2m0 . T 9 l l pp 1 -84 6 .

Reprinted in 1 599 and 1 60 6 .

The Latin text of the legend s described under CABOT, No. 5 5

5 58 i s on pp . 773

-79 5 (599-6 1 4 , 1 606 edition), wi th the heading

Oxonim.-v tabuli s geographicis sequentes inscriptiones leguntur ;

quas non tam propter latinitati s , quae non magna est, elegantiam ;

quam propter res ipsas cognitione non ind ignas hi c sub i icere

volu imu s.

CONTARINI (GASPARO) [Dispatch from the VenetianAmbassador at the Cour t of Spa in, to the Senate ofVenice

—Va lladolid, 3 1 December, 1522. (76)Manuscript in the Marciana Library at Venice, It. Cl . VIL, Cod .

MIX . , Ca r t. 28 1-2 8 3 .

Printed in BULLO, No. 2 90 , pp . 65-66 .

Translated by RAWDON BROWN, Ca lendar (Venice) , i i i . No. 607;

D

34 Cabot B ibliograpbvand somewhat abbreviated in MARKHAM

,No . 4 5 1 , pp. 2 1 9

-22 3 ;BEAZLEY, NO . 2 56, pp. 1 4 3

-1 4 9 .

In accord ance w ith ins truéi ions from VENICE, No. 2 2 5 , Contarinireports that he had had three interviews w ith Sebas tian Cabot. H e

found that Cabot was high ly esteemed : ha grande fama . A t the

fi rst interview , be handed Cabot the letter from the RagusanMARINO DE BUCIGNOLO

,Upon reading which Cabot lost co lou r,

putting it in his pocket with the appearance of fea r and uncerta intyet legiendola Si mosse tutto d i colore. Da poij letta , stete cu ssi unpocheto senza d irme a ltro quasi sb igotito et d ub io. H aving beenreassu red

,at thei r second conference Cabo t sta ted that he was born

in Venice,bu t brought up in England :

“ Signor Ambas sator perd i rve i l tuto io maqui a Venetia ma sum nu trito in Ingelterra .

”

A bou t three years prev iou s [see ne te under DRAPE R S ’ COMPANY,No. 94 ] he had retu rned from Spa in to England

,where Card inal

Wo l sey w ished to place him in command of a fleet upon whichsome d ucats were being expended . Cabot had been wi l lingto undertake this adventu re , but was unable to do so wi thou tsecu ring the Emperor

’ s permi ssion, he being in the Spanishservice : la quale (armada ) era quasi in ord ine, et haveano pre

parati per spender in essa ducati 30 m . Io l i ri sposi che essendoa l servit io d i questaMaesta

,senza sua l icentia non lo poteva servi re,

ma che havendo bona l icentia d i qu i io el serviria . Whi le in England , meantime, Cabot became intimate with a Venetian fria r,Strag liano COLLONA , who suggested to him that he ought to tu rnh is Ski l l and knowledge to the benefit of his native city. The fria rapparently influenced him so strongly

,when he acknowledged that

he knew of a way by which Venice m ight part icipate in thesenavigations

,that he probably Spoke to the Venet ian ambas sador in

Eng land regard ing the projeé‘

t , and a l so took measures to preventthe Emperor from granting Wo lsey

’

s reques t for the loan of his

services : Io giaparla i a lo ambassator d el la I llustrissima Signoriain Ingelterra per la affeCtione che io ho a la patria cum questeterre novamente trovate d e le qua le io ho modo d i dar gran uti le a

guel la terra . I n quel li giorni (ja tre anni ) ragionando cum uno

rate Stragl iano Co l lona veneto cum i l qua le havea amici tia grande,m i fu d itto dal prefato frate : Messer Sebastiano vu i vi affat icaticussi grandemente per far beneficio a genti externe non vi ari

cordate del la vostra terra, non seria possib ile che etiam lei havesse

qua lche u ti l ita d a vuj . A lbora io m i ri senti tutto nel core li

d issi che io haveva modo d i far quel la Citta partecipe d i questanavigat ione et cussi perché servendo cl Re d

’

Angelterra non

po teva pi iI beneficia r la patria mia , io scri ssi a l la Maesta Cesa reache non me d esse per niente l icentia che servi sse i l R e de Engelterra perché l i saria de d anno grande , immo che subito me r ivocasse . A fter retu rning to Venice

, Cabot formed a great friend shipfor the R agusan

,and eventua l ly intrusted him with the offer of his

services to Venice .

Contarini prai sed h is affeé'

tion for their native land , and promised


36 Cabot SBibliogravbv

Ani erican coast , and, second ly, for a voyage to the Indies : perchéanda sse a investigate tutta quel la costa primieramente, poi chea

‘

ndasse etiam nel l ’ Ind ie.

CONTARIN I (MARCANTON IO) [Report read in the

Senate at Venice, 1 536. (80 )Manuscript in the Imperial Library at Vienna, cod. Foscarini .

The paragraph referring to‘

Cabot i s printed by BERCHET in theRaccolta Colombiana , part i ii . vol. i . 1 37.

Thi s passage, the importance of which was noted by DR .

ERRERA, NO. at the time of its publication in 1 89 3, states

that Sebastian Cabot was sent on a voyage of discovery by the

father of the reigning King of England,Henry VI I I .

,and that,

having been forced to return from the ice-covered seas into whichhe had ventured , he found on his arriva l in England that the kinghis patron was d ead , and that the son, H enry VI I I . ,

who ascendedthe throne in A pri l, 1 509 , took l ittle interest in the ideas of d iscovery : cum 3oo homeni navigOtanto che trovoi l mare congelato,ande convenne a l Caboto ritornarsene senza bavere lo intento suo,

cum presuposi to perOd i ritornarsene a quella impresa a tempo che

i l mare non fosse congelato. TrovO i l re, morto, ed il figl io

curarsi poco d i tale impresa . This evidence, recorded twenty-sevenyears after the event

,i s the most definite and most satisfaé

‘

torySingle sou rce of information regarding the Cabot voyage , which i ssupposed to have been undertaken a t some t ime during the firsttwo decades of the sixteenth century. See the IntroduEtion, pp. xvi i ,xliv

,and notes under MARTYR

,N0. 1 60 .

COOPER (THOMAS) An Epi tome of Cronicles . Con

teyninge the whole discourse of the his tories as wel l ofthis realme of Eng

-land as al o ther coii treys, wi th the

succesion of their kinges, the ,time of their t eigne

,and

what notable aétes they did : much profitable to be redde,

namelye of Magistra tes,and such as have aué’toritee in

com-m6 weales, gathered out of mos t probable auétours.

F irs te by Thomas Lanquet, from the be—ginning of theworlde to the incarnacion of Christe

,Secondely to the

reigne of our soueraigne lord king Edward the Sixt byThomas Cooper, and thirdly to the reigne of our soue

raigne Ladye Quene E liz abeth,by Rober t Crow-ley.

Anno. 1 559 .—Londini

,In aedibus ThommMarshe . (81 )

4 to . T 26 l l 1 blank lf fol . 1 -280 (the fol iation veryi rregular) 26 11 not numbered . Signatures ‘

A in 4 A—F in4 S A—Qq ' in 4 5 + 1 leaf (marked R r 4 ) R r—Ffff in 4 3Gggg in 6.

Cabot JBibi iograpbv 37

Co lophon on the reé'

to of last leaf: Imprinted at London byWi l liam Seres 1 559. The .v. daye of A pryll.

The first ed ItIon of Cooper’ s Cbronicle was published in 1 54 9 ,

printed by Thomas Berthelet, and recorded events down to 1 547.

The date on the title to th is ed ition i s MDLX IX, but the correEl:

year i s given in the Colophon. The wording of the t itle-page,with sl ight variations in spel ling, is fo l lowed in that of 1 559 , asfar as Thomas COOper." Cooper i ssued a new ed ition in 1 560

See the fol lowing t itle—in the preface to which he states that uponexamining the Marshe and Seres ed ition of 1 559 , which had beenissued withou t any authorization from him,

therein “ I saw somethynges of myne lefte out, and many thynges of others annexed ;so dyd I finde almost fiue hundred fautes and errours eyther of therynter, or els of bym that vndertooke the correétion thed icion of 1 559 i s none ofmyne, but the attempte of certaynepersons vtterly vnlearned .

”

(H . N . S. )To these “

vtterly vnlearned ed itors,however, i s due the ia

teresting statement on fol. sig . E eee 3 , under the date 1 553 :“ In

thi s meane whyle there were three noble shyppes fui'

nyshed for the

great aduenture of the vnknowen v iage into the caste by the northseas . The great encourager of thi s voiage was Sebastian Gaboto,an engl isheman

,borne at B ri stow, but a Genoways sonne. These

shyps dyd shortly after passe ga l lantly by Grenewiche in the kynges

presence, one of the maryners standyng vpon the mayne tOpmasteof one of them.

See HARRI SSE, Cabot, 1 6-1 8 , for an elaborate d iscussion of the

authorship and probable trustworthiness of the statement regard ingthe national ity of the Cabots. H arrisse shows apparently goodreasons for ascribing this paragraph to the hack-writer, printer, andpreacher, Crole or C rowley

,who was living in London during the

years 1 55 1 -1 554 , when Cabot was a lso presumably living there.

COOPER (THOMAS) Coopers Chroni-cle, conteininge

the Whole discourse of the his tories as wel l of this realme,

as all o ther countries,

newly enlarged and augmented,

as wel l in the firs t par t wi th diners profi table H isto-ries,as

in the lat ter ende with the whole summe of those thingesthat Pau lus Jouius and Sleidane hath wri t ten of lateyeres

,that is

,from the beginnyng of Kyng Hen-rie the

eightes raigne vnto the late death of Queene Ma-r ie,by

me Thomas COO-per .—Landini

,1560. (82)

4 10 . T 29 l l 11 1 -377 1 l .The reference to Cabot, fol . 3 57, is under the date 1 553 A bouteth is time in England b the encourageynge of one Sebastian Gabotothree great shippes we fu rnished were set forthe, for the aduentureof vnknowenwage to Moscovia and other eastepartes by the Northseas.

CabotmibliograpbvA new ed ition, ,

with further add itions, was i ssued by Cooper,A ugu st I st, 1 565 . TheCabot passage

'

was changed so as to statethat of the th ree ships, by chaunce one arriued in Moscou ia

,and

other east parts by the north seas ." (H . N . S.)

COOTE (CHARLE S HENRY).See DESC ELI ER S , NO. 89 , for Mr .

“Coote’

s Introduétion to LordCrawford ’ s facsimi les of three mappemondes . Mr . Coote

’s other

Cabotian wri tings are d escribed as Nos . 305 and 306 .

CORTES .(HERNAN) [Le t ter addressed to Sebastian Cabo t,—(Mexico) 28 May, 1527. (83 )Manu script in the A rchives of the Ind ies at Sevi l le

,Pa trona to

P rinted in NAVARRETE, Coleccion, v . 4 57-4 59 .

In response to instrué'

tions from Spain, Cortes despatched an

expedition to’

the Moluccas under the command of A lvaro deSaaved ra. This was designed to co-operate wi th or assi st, asmightprove necessary, the exped itions of Cabot and Loaisa . Saaved rawas furnished with an explanatory letter of introduétion to Cabot

,

and with similar letters to the members of Cabot’s fleet, as wel l asto va riou s potentates of sund ry

'

realms in the Spice regions, uponwhose territories chance might land him. These letters, togetherwith the journa l of the expedition, are printed by NAVARRETE ,Coleccion, v. 4 4 0

-4 86. (8 3

1)

COSA (JUAN DE L A) Juan de ‘la cosa la fiZO en cl puer tode Saz mja. en afio de 1500. (84 )

A manuscript map of the known world,incolou rs, on an ox-hide

measuring 1 80 x 9 6 centimetres,or 5 ft . 9 x 3 ft. 2 .

This map probably belonged original ly to the ofli ce of the SpanishMinister ofMarine at Mad rid . I t was found in a bric-a-brac ShOpin Paris in 1 8 3 2 by BaronWalckenaer. A t the sale of hi s l ibraryin 1 8 5 3 ,

—catalogue .No . 2 904 ,—i t was purchased by the Queen of

Spain ,and now hangs in the Nava l Museum at Madrid .

A facsimi le,the size of the original

,coloured by hand , was pub

l ished by Sres . Cz'tnovas Val lejo and Traynor in 1 892 . It was

accompanied byENSAYO b iografico del célebre navegante y consumado cosmografo Juan d e la Cosa y descripcic

’

m é historia de su famosacarta geografica por A ntonio Vascano.

—Madrid, 0&ubre,1 892. (8 5)8v0 . 1 2 T pp 5

-1 09 .

The text is in Spani sh, French, and Engl ish.

Another facsimile, in colours, is in JOMARD, Monuments de la

Ge'

ogr apbie,—Par is, 1 862, pl . xvi, in three sheets. There IS also an


admirable facsimi le in the Museo Espan'

ol de Antiguedades , baja ladi reccion del doél or Don Juan de D ios de la Rada y Delgado , iv,—Madr id

,1 875 . I t i l lustrates an exce l lent d escriptive essay on the

map, pp . 1 1 3- 1 24 , by D . Cesareo Fernandez Du ro . A nother re

duced facsimi le accompanies DAWSON, La test P/za ses , No . 3 1 9 .

The American portions are sketched wi th varying accuracy inH UMBOLDT

, Examen, v, and in his append ix to GHILLANY,Cc

scbic/zteMar tin Beba ims , Nii rnberg, I 85 3 , rei ssued in the AmsterdamSeeskabinet ; in K RET S CHMER, pl . vi i ; and in most of the goodbooks on American d i scovery . See H ARRI SSE, Discov ery , 4 1 2

-4 1 5 ,for a transcript of the American names

,made from a fu l l-size photo

graph taken in 1 889 . (843

)A long the no rth-eastern coast of the newly d iscovered regions i s

the legend : Ma r descubierta por inglese—Sea d iscovered by the

English . A gainst this coast, which supports five Engli sh flags, arep laced 2 1 names

,ofwhich H arrisse says : A pr ior i this first series

of names was borrowed by La Cosa from an Engl ish map, as it

d escribes a region which in 1 500 had been vi s ited only by B ri t ishmariners .” The no rth-easternmost name aga inst the ma inland i sCauo de ynglaterra

—England ’ s Cape ; near by i s Cauo de 8. iohan,and the southernmost a re C0 de S. Jorge and Cauo descubierto—thecape d iscovered .

E fforts to identify the coast a long which Cabot sai led in 1 4 97, or

14 98, by means of th is earl iest ca rtographic evidence, and thu s toestabl i sh the location of h is landfall

,have been made with widely

and cu rious ly d ivergent resu l ts by nearly every wri ter who has treatedof the Cabot problems.

COTTONIAN CHRONICLE or CRONICON REGUM ANGLIAE .

The Cronicon now in the B ritish Museum,which resembles so

closely the “ Old Chronicle , wri tten by Robe rt Fabyan, u sedby STOW and H AKLUYT, i s described under FABYAN , No . 1 0 3 .

CRAWFORD AND BALCARRES (TH E EARL OF).The mappemondes reproduced in facs imi le by Lord Ciawford

are described under DESCELI ERS, No. 8 9 .

CROWLEY (ROBERT) .The unauthorized edition of CooP ER

’

s Cbronicle, ed ited byCrowley and publi shed by Marshe and Seres, London, 1 559 , i s

described under COOPER, No. 8 1 .

DAHLGREN (Erik W i lhelm).Mr. Dahlgren’ s facs imile of the SANTA CRUZ mappemonde i s

described under No. 204 .


DAVIS (JOHN) TheWorldes Hy—drographical Discription.

Wherein is proued not 011e by auéthor i-tie of wr iters,

but also by late exper ience of trauellers and reasons of sub

stantiall pro-babilitie tha t the worlde in all his Zones

C lymats and places , is habi table and inhabi-ted,

and

the Seas l ikewise uniuersally Nau i-gable wi thou t anynaturall anoyance to hin-der the same whereby appeares

that from England there is a Shor t and Speedie passage intothe Sou th Seas

,to China

,Molucca

,Phi l-l ipina, and India,

by Nor ther] Nauiga-t ion

,to the renowne honour and be

nifit of her lVl a iestieS s ta te,and Communalty. Published

by I . Davis of Sandrudg by Dartmou th 1 595 . May27. Imprinted at London by Tho-mas Dawson . 1 595 .

(86)Sma l l 8y o. T 2 3 l l .R eprinted in HAKLUYT, 1 809

- 12, NO. 1 30 , iv. (1 8 1 1 ) 4 5 1 -4 68 ;

and in No . 87.

The text Opens w ith the statement that the unsuccessfu l attemptsamade by Sebastian Cabotta had proved the impossibi li ty o

north-west passage.

DAVIS (JOHN) The voyages and works of John Davisthe navigator . Ed i ted by A lber t Has t ings Markham.

London,for the Hakluy t Society

,MDCCCLxxx. (87)

8v0 . 2 T 4 11+ pp xcv 3 9 2 map plate.

This volume i s accompanied by the map described below underMOLYN EUX

,No . 1 74 . See COOTE, No . 30 5 .

The Hy drograpbica l Description is on pp. 1 9 1-22 8 .

DE BRY (THEODOR) .The reference to Cabot ’ s 1 507 voyage in De B ry’ s “ Grand s

Voyages,” pa rt iv. cap . xi i i i . i s mentioned under CHAUVETON,No. 73 .

The best b ibl iographic description of this colleEtion of voyagesi s in Bibliotbeca Lindes iana , Colla tions and Notes , No. 3 , Grands et

Petits Voy ages of De Bry . By LUDOV IC , EARL OF CRAWFORDAND BALCA RREs ,—London, 1 884 . Large 4 to . 2 T v ii i 2 1 5

pp T 3 3 facsimi le plates .

DEE (JOHN) Ioannes Dee Anno,1 580. (88)

Manuscript map of North America and the transatlantic coastsof Europe, in the B riti sh Museum, London ; measuring 4 05: x

inches ; or 1 04 x centimetres .The cartography is apparently derived from Spanish sources.

Cabot JBi i ograpbv 4 1.

On the back is a ca reful ly written manuscript memorandum,

headed : “To the Queenes Maiesties Ti tle Roya l l to these foreynReg ions , and I land s , doe appertayn .4 . poynts.

1 . The C layme in particular :2 . The Reason of the Clayme

3 . The Credi t of the Reason4 . The value of that C red i t by force of Law.

A brief Remembrance of sund ry forein Regions , D iscovered ,inhabited

,and pa rtly Conquered by the Sub ieéts of this Brytish

Monarchie : A nd so the lawfu l] Ti tle of our Sovera igne LadyQueene E l izabeth, for the due Clayme and inst R ecovery of the

same d isclosed . Which in effeét i s a T itle Royal l to all the Coastsand I land s , begining at or abowt Terra Florida , a longst or nerevnto A tlantis

,going Northerly, and then to all the most Northen

I lands , great and sma l l, and so cumpassing abowt G roenland vnti ll

the Territories Oppos ite , vuto the fardest E asterly and NorthenBownds of the Duke of Moscovia his Dom inions : which lastBownd s are from ou r A lbion more than ha lf the Sea voyage to theCathayen westerly and Northen Sea Coasts, as most evidently, andat large yt is declared in the volume of Famous and Ryche

D iscoveries .” Among the reasons adduced are

2 . C irca an. 1 4 94 Mr . Robert Thorn his father, and Mr. E liotof B ristow d iscovered Newfownd Land . (88

a)4 . Circa an . 1 4 97. Sebastian Caboto

,sent by King Henry the

seventh d id Di scover from Newfownd Land,so far a long and

abowt the Coasts next to Laborador tyl l he came to the Lati tude of.674 . A nd styll fownd the Seas open before him. (88

b)

The corre& date, 14 97, is interesting in view of the confusionin H ak luyt and other contempora ry chroniclers . The Obviou s intention of this memorandum to influence the Queen is suggestiveofHAKLUYT

‘

S No . 1 2 6 .

Thi s description i s from a photograph , the s ize of the origina lmap, made for Mr . F . W. Lucas, to whose kindness the compi leri s indebted for a copy .

DESCELIERS (P IERRE) [Mappemonde drawn after1 536, probably by Pierre Desceliers . (89)Manuscript in the Briti sh Museum

,Add . MS . 54 1 3 ; on parch

ment,8 ft. 2 x 3 ft. 1 1 .

The southern , A ustral ian, portions of thi s map have beenreproduced severa l t imes , but the other pa rts of the ma were notavai lable fo r study outside of London prior to the pub ication byLord Crawford of an au totype fiI ll-size facsimile, in fifteen sheets,as described below.

The map is undated and uns igned, but Mr. Coote, in NO. 90 ,states that the clear references to Carrier

’

s first voyage to New

France, and the resemblance to other work signed by Deseel iers ,

permit a very close approximation to the date 1 5 3 6, and reasonablecertainty as to authorship . The map has been frequently referred

4 2 Cabot JBi i ograpbv

to heretofore as“H arleian Mappemonde,

”and its date i s given

variously as 1 5 3 3 by KOHL, see H ARRI SSE,Discov ery ,

64 7 before1 554 by WIN SOR , Amer ica , iv . 8 5-89 , where i t i s confounded withthe Jomard-C rawford map, NO. 9 1 below ; and by others at intervening years . The best account of the St . Lawrence region as

represented on this map is in the Rev iew of Histor ical Publicationsrela ting to Canada ,

-‘Toronto, 1 89 9 , i i i . 4 7

-52 .

Mr. H arrisse, in the Gb

’

tting iscbe gelebr te Anz eigen, NO. 6, 1 899 ,examines Mr . Coote’s statements

,and gives his reasons for believing

that the ma cou ld not have been d rawn before OCtober 1 54 2 .

The chiefCabotian interest of this map lies in the faCt that it i san early example of the Dieppe school of cartography, anotherexample ofwhich—DESLI ENS

,No . 9 3

—apparently served as prototype for port ions of the 1 54 4 Cabot map . A comparison of theseshows that the maker of thi s map was ab le to give a more accu rateportraya l of the Newfound land region, but that he knew far lessabout the La P lata country than the author of the 1 54 4 map .

Thi s map, together w ith two later works ascribed to Desceliers,was reproduced by the E arl of Crawford and Balcarres in :

BIBLIOTHECA LINDESIANA col lations and notes N A utotypefacsimi les of three mappemondes w ith an introduftion,includ ing a sho rt notice on Desceliers

’ later mappemonde of

1 553 by Charles H enry Coote—Privately printed MDCC CXCVI I I .

4 to. 2 T pp 5-1 8 : A tlas

, 4 9 sheets, 1 00 copies printed .

Besides No. 89, this contains facs im i les of(1 ) MAPP EMONDE : Faiél es aA rques par [P ierre Descel iers ,

presb'e

.] 1 54 6 . (9 1 )Manu script, in the l ibrary of Lord Crawford

,H a igh Ha l l ,

Wigan, England , Bibl . Lind . FrencnMS . No. 1 50 ; on parchment,8 ft. 2 x 4 ft. 14 .

This map formerly belonged to M . Jomard,who reproduced it

in his Monuments de la Gefograpbie,—Pa r is, 1 862, pl . xix. 1 -6 M .

Jomard not observing the a lmos t obl iterated inscription, It was

styled by him the H enri I I .

” mappemonde,by which name it is

frequent ly referred to . Mr. B arrisse,in the critica l essay noted

under No. 89, expresses doubts as to the propriety of ascribing thi smap to Desceliers . (g 1

a )The increased knowledge of the St. Lawrence R iver region,recorded on this map, deprives i t of any especial Cabotian interest .The more noticeable increase in ignorance of the bas in of La Plata ,which is al so seen in the fol lowing map , may have some significancefor thosewho would explain the inaccu racies in the 1 544 Cabot map .

(2) MAP PEMOND E : Fa iéi e a A rqves Par Pierres Descel iers

Pbte : L’

an : 1 5 50 . (9 2)Manu script in the B riti sh Mu seum, Add. MS. on parch

5 .t


44 Cabot fi tbltOQt’flp

having non other assistaunts of maisters maryn’s of Englondexerci sed labored in the same p’ties for to guyd there shipps andother charges than we knowe of, but onely t rusting to the saidSebastyan, we suppos i t were no wysdom to aventr lyves good sthider in suche man

’

, What for fere of syknes or dethe of the saidSebastian,Despite the efforts of the eleven crafts, the crown insi sted upon

organiz ing the exped ition. The D rapers with much difli cu ltysubscribed 200 marks .It has been assumed

,and there seem to be no good reasons for

doubting, that the “ sa id Sebastyan was su rnamed Cabot. Mr .

Harrisse, Cabot, 1 68-1 73 , find s in this protest a strong confirmation

of his estimate of the charaéter of Sebastian . H e a lso sees in the

plea for “mariners born w ithin the realm a proof of Cabot’soreign nativity . The payment to Goderyk mentioned in the wi llof Sir Thomas Lovel l—see B REWER

,No. 1 4

h—may have had someconneé

’

tion with this expedition, as H arri sse suggests. What appearsto be Cabot’s statement regard ing his relations to this epi sode i squoted in the notes to No. 76 .

EDEN (R I CHARD) A treatyse of the newe India,wi th

o ther new founde landes and Ilandes,aswe l l eastwarde as

westwarde,as they are knowen and found in these oure

dayes,after the descr ipcion of Se-bas tian Munster in his

boke of vu i-uersall Cosmographie Translated out of

Latin into Engl ishe . By Rycharde Eden .—[Colophon]

1 553 . Impr inted at London. (95)1 2mo . T 1 0 1 11.

Reprinted in A RBER , No . 6, pp. 3-4 2 .

A reference to an expedition vnder the gouernaunce of SebastianCabot yet l iuing , 8: one syr Thomas Perte, whose faynt heart wasthe cau se that that v iage toke none effeét,“ which Kinge Hen

the .vi ij . about the same yere of his raygne, fu rnished sent fortcerten shi ppes ,

” is on 1. sig . aa i i ij , or A RBER, 6, wi th ,comments

on p . xii i . See the Introdué’

tion, p. xl iv.

EDEN (R I CHARD) The decades of the newe worlde or

west India, Conteynyng the nauigations and conquestes ofthe Spanyardes, wi th the par ticu lar de-script ion of the

moste ryche and large landes and I landes lately founde inthe wes t Ocean many secreates touchynge the lande,the sea

,and the starres

,very necessarie to be knowé

'

to al

such as shal attempte any nauigations Wrytten in the

Latine tounge by Peter Mar tyr ofAngleI Ia, and transla tedinto Englysshe by Rycharde Eden—Landini, I 555 . (96)

Smal l 4 to . T 2 3 11 + map 11 1-3 6 1 1 3 .

Cabot JBi bliograpbv 4 5

Reprinted in A RBER, NO. 6 , pp. 4 3-3 97.

The ed ition of 1 577, ed ited by WILLE S , i s described as No. 2 30 .

The Cabot passages are on I. sig . c . 1 , where Rycharde Eden to

the reader States that the woorthy owlde man yet lyu ingSebast iane Cabote touched only in the north comer and mostbarbarous parte hereof, from whense he was repul sed wi th I se in themoneth of Ju lyLl . 1 1 8-1 1 9 , where Eden misunderstood Martyr to say that

Cabot was “one of owre counsayle and assystance as touchynge the

affayres of the newe Indies,” which modern writers have assumed toimp ly that Cabot belonged to the Spani sh Counci l for the Ind iesLI. 255

-256, where a marginal note to RAMU SIO’S story of the

Mantuan gentleman—No . 1 94—States that Cabote tou ld me that

he was borne in Brystowe, and that he a lso tou ld me that (at LaP lata) he sowed l . graynes ofweate, which may fa irly be assumedto Show why Eden correéted th is wheat story, on 1. 3 17, where hegives a free version of legend 7 on the 1 544 Cabot map

—NO. 55I

as he wryteth in his owne carde they gathered therof twothousande and fiftie wherin sume beinge deceaued and mis

takynge the thynge, haue wryt ten fyft ie thousande and two.

”

Thi s passage from the map is interpolated in the midd le of Eden’ svery free rendering from Gomara , whose B accalaos passage i s on l l .3 17-3 1 8 . Ziegler’s version of Martyr

, No. 2 3 2, i s on 1. 2 68, withthe note Cabote tou ld me that this I se is of fresshe water.”

EDEN (R ICHARD) A very necessarie and profitable Bookeconcer-ning Nautgation, compi led in Latin by IoannesTaisnie-rus

,a publ ike professor in Rome

,Ferraria

, be

other Uniuersities in I talie of the Mathematicalles,named

a treat ise of continual]Mo-‘tions . Translated in to Englishe,

by Richarde Eden .—Imprinted at London by Richarde

Iugge. (97)Smal l 4 to. T 4 1 11.

The date ofpubli cation was later than 1 573 , and probably about1 575. CaptainMarkham,

Dav is’Voyages, p . 3 56, follows the B riti shuseum catalogue in dating it 1 579 , wi thout comment. N0 books

printed by Jugge are known with a later date than 1 577.

Thi s trans ation contains much the same matter, differentlyarranged , as the originalOPVSCVLVM Perpetva Me-moria d ignISsimvm,

de natvra magneti s, et civs effeé’tibvs. A uthore Ioanne Ta isnier io Hannonio—Coloniae, A pud Joannem B irckmannum, (98)

4 to. T 4 5 leaves (paged 1-80, but incorreé’

tly) . Sigs. A -K

in 4 s L in 6. The last leaf is a portrai t of the author, which i sal so repeated on the verso of the ititle.

Eden’ s Epistle Dedicatorie

,l . sig . 3 , tel l sOf how the knowledge

of the longitude myght be founde. Sebastian Cabot on his

4 6 Cabot JBii ograpbv

death bed tolde me that he had the knowledge thereof by d iu inereuelation

, yet SO, that he myght not teache anyman. But I thinke

that the good olde man, in that extreme age, somewhat doted ,and had not yet euen in the a rticle of death , vtterly shaken of a ll

world lye vayne glorie .

”

M . d’

A vez ac d iscu sses Eden’s work as a translator in the Rev ue

Cr itique, v . 2 65.

EDWARD VI .

,K ING OF ENGLAND The large

pension graunted by K . Edward the 6 . to SebastianCabota

,consti tut ing him grand P ilot of England—West

minster,6 Januar ie, 1 54 8. (99)

P rinted in HAKLUYT, Pr incipa l!Na v iga tions, 1 589 , 5 1 9-520 , in

Lat in and Engl ish . A l so in RYMER,Foedera , vi . pt. i ii . 1 70 .

Th is is the grant of a yearly sala ry of £ 1 66 1 31. 4d , payablequarterly, and beginning from the preceding Feast of St. M ichaelthe A rchangel , 29 September.Two record s, printed by DASENT

, A5 1 of tbc Pr ivy Council ofEng land,

—London, 1 890 , i i . 1 37, 3 20 , seem to Show that Cabot ’ sretu rn to England in 1 54 7

-4 8 was the resu lt of negotiations with

the Engl i sh Government .1 54 7, 9 Obi ober ; Mr . Peckham had Warrant for 1 00 l i for the

transporting of one Shabot a P i lot to come out of H ispa in to serveand inhab it in England . (1 00)

1 54 9 , 2 September ; Thexchequer had warrant for C l i to

H enry Oystrynge by him taken up by Exchaunge for conduétingof Sebastian Sabott . (1 0 1 )The ambassador of Charles V . presented to the Counci l of

E dward VI . a request from the Emperor a sking for the return of

Cabotte, 29 Janua ry, 1 54 9-50 . A n answer was promised after dueconsideration, accord ing to the Counci l memorandum printed inB A S ENT , Afl s , i i . 374 . The answer was given in A pri l , and wasreported , as follows

EDWARD VI . [D ispatch from the King’s Counci l toSir Phi lip Hoby—Grenewiclz, 2 1 Apri l, 1550 . (102)Manuscript memorandum in the B ri tish Museum, , Ha rleian

MSS . 52 3 ,fol . 6-7 b is .

P rinted by HOPP E R in Notes and Quer ies , London, 1 5 February,1 862 , 3 Ser . i . 1 2 5 , and by HARR I SSE

, 7. et S . Cabot, 3 59-3 60 .

A n abstraét was printed in J . G . NICHOLS , Liter ary Rema ins ofKing Edwa rd VI .

—London, 1 8 57, No . 4 7oi Thi s d ispatch in

formed the Engl ish ambassador at B russels that the Emperor’srepresentative in London had confirmed the request for Cabot’sreturn—see CHEYNE , No. 74

—and that in reply the Counci ldeclared that Cabot “was not deteined heere by vs, but that he of


Cabot ib ibliograpbv

where Robert Fabyan i s referred to as the authority ; and al so ,through STOW or HOLIN S HED , No. 14 6, for statements printed byHAKLUYT in 1 582 , 1 589 , and 1 599 . Much doubt and controversyhas a ri sen from the faét that Stow wrote, in place of a Straunger

venis ian,” “

one Sebastian Gabato a genoas sonne borne in Bri stow

”

; whi le HAKLUYT, in 1 58 2, has i t“A Venetian

,

”in 1 589 ,

and in 1 599 ,“one John Cabot, a Venetian ,” the paragraph in both

cases having the head in A note of Sebastian Gabotes voyagetaken out of an o d Chronicle written by Robert Fabian

In the custodi e of John Stowe. The changes made by H AKLUYTwere d iscussed , wi th considerable show of feeling

,by B IDD LE

,No .

2 6 1 , pp . 4 1 -4 5, and TYTLE R , No . 5 55, pp . 4 2 1-4 27 : see HAR

RIS S E, Cabot, 2 5, 1 3 1 , 3 96 ; and DEXTE R

, No . 3 3 1 . Very l itt leattention has been pa id to the extremely s ignificant informationconta ined in the remainder of thi s paragraph .

Possible motives for interpolating a“ forged account of Cabot ’s

return a l leged to have been copied from the Stow manu script aresuggested by E . J . PAYNE, No . 4 73 , p . 2 3 5 .

A nother chron icle cred ited to FABYAN,of which nothing is

now known, i s mentioned under STOW, No. 2 1 2 .

FERDINAND AND ISABELLA [Dispatch from theirCa tholic Majes t ies to Ruy Gonz ales de Puebla—Tortosa ,28 March

,14 96 . (106)

Manuscript at Simancas, Estado, Capitulaciones con Ing laterra ,

Leg . 2 ,fol . 1 6.

P rinted by HARR ISSE, 7. et S . Cabot, 3 1 5-3 1 6.

There i s an English vers ion in BERGENROTH , Ca lendars (Spam) ,I. 88-8

One9

paragraph in th is d ispatch to the Spanish ambassador inugland shows that he had reported the efforts of anotherColumbus, uno como Co lon, to interest the Engl ish king in the

affa irs of the Ind ies, WI thout prejud ice to the rights of Spa in or

Portugal . Their Spani sh Majesties in reply suggest that thi s effortmay have

been inspi red by the French k ing in order to d istraEtthe attention ofH enry VI I . I t i s apparently impl ied that nothingcan be done wi thout injury to Spain or Portugal . See GONZAL E SDE PUEB LA, No . 1 20 .

FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Le t ter to“Mi lor de

Uliby Capi tan R . de Jngl° ”—Logroiio, 1 3 September,

15 1 2 . (107)Manuscript copy in the Libra of the A cademy of H istory at

Mad rid , Mufioz Transcr ipts, xc . 01. 1 09 .

The Sentence referring to Cabot i s printed In HARRI SSE, 7. at

S . Cabot, 3 3 1 .

The Spanish king reques ted Lord Wi lloughby de B roke, who

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

commanded the Engl ish forces wh ich landed at P asages, Spa in, in

June, 1 5 1 2 , to send h im Sebast ian Caboto Ingles, from whom the

k ing des ired to obta in serviceable informat ion : porque yo qu ierosaber d el cosa s d e utro servicio .

Thi s letter i s mentioned by H E RRERA, Dec. i , l ib . ix, cap. x i i i(1730 ed i tion, No . 1 4 3 n, i . who states tha t the k ing ’ s objeftwas to d iscover a stra it lead ing to the Spiceries , and for thi s pu rposehe des ired to secu re the services of persons acquainted wi th the

Bacal laos . (I o7a )

FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Let ter to Sebast ianCaboto—Logroiio, 1 3 September, 1 5 1 2. (I 08)Manu script at M ad rid

,Mufioz Transcr ipts , xc. fol . 1 1 5 .

Printed in HA RR I SSE , 7. et S . Ca bot, 3 3 1 -2 .

Th is letter rem inded Cabot of an agreement he had made to

enter the Spanish service, at an interview with Conchi l los and the

B ishop of Pa lencia,at which they had d iscu ssed the navigation to

the B acallaos .

FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Le t terSevi l la —Logroiio, 20 Oé’tober, 15 1 2 .

Manu script at Mad rid , Mufioz Tra nscr ipts , xc. fol . 1 1 5 .

P rinted in H ARR I SSE , 7. et S . Cabot, 3 3 2 .

This i s the ofli cia l announcement that Sebast ian Caboto had

been appo inted Cap itan d e Mar with a yearly sa lary of

maraved is .

FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Let ter to D . Lu is

Caro—Logroiio, 20 Oé’tober, 1 5 1 2 . (1 1 0)Manuscript at Mad rid , Muzi oz Transcr ipts , xc. fo l. 1 1 5 .

P rinted in H ARR I SSE, 7. at S . Cabot, 3 3 2 .

This letter instrufted the Spanish ambassado r in England, D .

Lu i s Carroz de Vi l laragut, to a ssi st Cabot in every possible mannerto pu t his affa irs in o rder preparatory to removing his wife and

fami ly to Spa in .

Memo randa of payments made to Cabot by the Spanish crown,

from the Muzi oz Transcr ipts belonging to the A cademy of H i storyat Mad rid , are printed by HARRI SSE , 7. et S . Cabot, 3 3 3-3 34 ,

They are d a ted 6 and 26 March, 7 A pri l , 1 5 1 4, and 30 A ugu st,

1 5 1 5 . The fi rst was an advance of 50 ducados to enable him to

proceed to the cou rt for consu ltation concerning matters conneétedwith the projeéted voyage of d iscovery . The other payments in1 5 1 4 relate to hi s journey to London and the expense of send ingfor h is wife. (1 1 1 )A cédula , dated in Burgos , 1 3 June, 1 5 1 5 , found at Simanca s

,

Libr a de Camera , 1 5 1 3- 1 6, fol . 6 3, and printed by H ARR I SSE, Dis

cov ery, 706, orders the payment of maraved is add itiona l toE

so Cabot JBi i ograpbv

Cabot “ capi tan de armada de las cosas de las ynd ias paraayuda a su costa . (1 1 2 )The appointment of Cabot as Pi loto Mayor, in place of Juan

D ias d e So l is , deceased , at maraved i s salary , i s in the Muti oz

Transcr ipts , lxxv . fol . 2 1 3 , and lxxv i . fol . 2 8 . A n entry in lxxv .

fo l . 4 9 , from the A ccounts of Dr . Sancho de Matienzo,Treasurer

of the Casa d e la Contratacion, shows that Cabot received , 6 May ,1 5 1 9 , 2 mvd . as one-third of his salary . HARRI SSE, Cabot,

4 0 2 , conjeétu res that thi s includ ed his emo luments as nava l captain. In December

,1 52 2, C abot told CONTARINI—No. 76

—thathi s sa lary was mvd . as nava l captain, as chief pi lot ,and for expenses . (1 1 3)For other detai l s in Cabot’s Spanish service, see CABOT , Nos

2 3-3 8 and 57.

FUGGER OF ANTWERP .

E xtraéi s from the account books kept by the great commercia lhouse of the Fuggers in A ntwerp, relating to the moneys paid to

Sebastian Cabo t for a map which he fai led to d el iver, are quoted inthe notes to H AEBLER , No. 3 69 .

FUST CHRON ICLE .

See note under TOBY, No . 2 22 .

GALVANO (ANTON IO) Tratado . Que compos o nobreno-tauel capi tao Antonio Galus

'

i o,dos diuersos 81 des

uayrados caminhos, por onde nos tempos passados a pi

menta 81 especear ia veyo da India as nossas par tes, 81 assi

de todos OS des cobr imen tos an t igos modernos, que

Siio fei tos ate a era de m il qui-nhentos 81 cincoenta .

Com os nomes particulat es das pessoas que os fi-Zeram : 81

em que tempos be as suas a l turas, obra cer to mu notaue l

81 Copiosa.—[Colophon] Impr imio se em casa de loham da

Barreira,impressor del Rey nosso senhor. AOS quinz e de

Dez embro . De m il Sr qu inhétos be sessen ta (Sc tres Annos [Lisboa] (1 1 4 )

1 2mo . T 3 11 11 1 -80 .

R eprinted in Lisbon, 1 73 1 and aga in by the H akluyt Society,ed ited by Vice-A dmira l Bethune, London, 1 862 .

Ga lvano ,whose supposed acqua intance with the 1 54 4 Cabot

map—see D EAN E , No . 3 27, p . 3 3 ; HARRI SSE , Cabot, 64

—mu s thave been supplemented by independent Spanish or Portugueseinformation, States on I. 2 5 , pp. 87-8 9 of 1 862 ed ition, that(Sebastian) Cabot, an I talian l iving in England , had surmised thatthe i sland s d iscovered by Columbus were in the same latitud e as


52 Cabot fi ibl iograpbv

GARCIA (D IEGO) Memoria de la navegacion que hicees te viaje en la parte del mar Oceano dende que sal i de laC iudad de la Coruna

, que a l li me fue entregada la armada

por los Oficiales de S . M .

, que fue en el ano de 1 526 .

(1 16)Manuscript in the A rchives of the Ind ies, at Sevi l le, Leg . 3 de

los r otula dos de Descr ipciones y pobla ciones ; papeles llev ados de

S imancas .

P rinted by VARNHAGEN in the Rev ista Tr imensa l do Instituto

bistor icoe geograpbico do Bra z i l—R io d e Janeiro, 1 8 52, xv. 6-1 4 .

Thi s account of a riva l exped ition conta ins numerous referencesto the exploration of La P lata by Savastian Gavoto . T he two

parties were on the river at the same time.

GAULLE (FRANC IS).The map in H akluyt

’

s ed ition of PETER MARTYR,—Pa r is,

1 587, which i s said to have been d rawn by Gaul le , i s described as

No. 1 62 .

GAYANGOS (PA SCUA L DE).See B ERGENROTH , No . 9 .

GILBERT (HUMPHREY) A discovrse Of a D iscouerie

for a new Pas-sage to Cata ia . VVr itten by Sir v -freyGi lber t—London

,I 576, Apri lis . 12 . (1 17)

8vo . T 4 3 11 map.

Reprinted by H AKLUYT, Pr incipall Na v iga tions, 1 589, 597-6 1 0 5Wri tten before 1 566 .

On 1. sig . D iij is the account of how “ Sebastian Gabota

sai led very far vvestward , wi th a quarter of the North,on the

No rths ide of Terra d e Labrador,the eleuenth of Iune

, vnti l he

came to the Septentriona l latitude of 6747 he wou ld haue goneto Cata ia , if the Mutinie of the Mai ster 8e Mariners

,had not ben .

”

Compare RAMUSIO,No . 1 9 6

81.

The chart s ment ioned in thi s passage are described as N0 . 4 8 .

GODERYK (JOHN) .The payment made to Goderyk of Foly in Cornwal l for con

duéting Cabot from Spa in to England, i s noted under B REWER

,

NO. 1 4h

.

GOMARA (FRANC ISCO LOPEZ DE) Primera y segundaparte de la h is-tor ia genera l de las Indias con todo el

descubrimien to y cosas nota bles que han acaecido dende

Cabot JBii ograpbv 53

que se ganaron ata el afio de 155 1 . Con la c u ista de

Mexico y de la nueua ESpa iia—EmCa ragaga , I 553 [ 1 5(1 18)

Fol io. T map 11 I I-cxxn T 11 I I-cxl.

Fifteen ed itions at least of Gomara’s three works were printed

during the years 1 552 to 1 5 55. The preferable reference is to the1 2mo ed ition printed at A ntwerp in 1 554 for Juan Steelsio and

Juan Bellero , as this i s the earl iest ed ition with numbered chapters .Translations into French and German had been reprinted a

score of t imes before the end of the s ixteenth century. Engl ishversions of the Conquest of tbc Indies were printed at London in

1 578 and 1 59 6 .

A n account of these variou s ed itions,which i s said to have been

d rawn up by Mr . B revoort ,”

is in SAB IN,Dic‘tiona ry of Books re

la ting to Amer ica ,—Nefw York, 1 875 , vi i. 305-3 1 2 .

For “ Sebastian Gaboto y su nauigation, see cap . xxxix, LosBaca llaos, fo. xx, 1 5 52 ed ition. Indexed under “ Sebastian ”

in

other ed itions . EDEN,Decades, No. 9 6, p . 3 1 8 , or A RBER, No. 6 ,

p . 34 3 , gives an English version. A l so in W IN SOR,Amer ica , i i i .

2 6-27, correéi ed by the origina l , and in N ICHOLL S, Bristol, No .

4 69, i i i . 29 6 .

The La P lata exped ition, with the planting of 52 grains ofwhea t which yielded in fou r months—see No . 9 6

—is described in cap. lxxxvi i i, fO. xl ix, 1 552 ed ition.

Gomara frequented the Spanish cou rt in his capaci ty of secretaryto H ernan Cortes between 1 54 0 and 1 54 6, and must have hadmany Oppo rtunities for meeting Cabot . H is narrative closely resembles tha t ofMARTYR .

GONZALES DE PUEBLA (RUY ) .A d ispatch from the sen ior Spanish ambassador in England to

his sovereigns, dated London, 2 1 January, 1 4 96, conta ined the

earl iest recorded reference to Cabot’ s effort s to interest the Engl ishking in the exploitation of the Ind ies . See notes to No . 1 06

,for

the reply to thi s report. The text of the d ispatch has not yet beenfound .

GONZALES DE PUEBLA (RUY) [D ispatch to Ferdinand and Isabel la. (1 20)

The origina l manu script, in c ipher, is at Simancas,Pa trona to

Rea l Capitula ciones con Inglater ra , Leg . 2 , fol . 1 9 8 .

The manu script i s not dated , but was presumably written abou t2 5 Ju ly , 1 4 9 8 , the date of the accompany ing repo rt described und erA YALA , No . 7.

A Spanish text i s in H ARR I SSE, 7. at S . Ca bot, 3 28-9 , w ithmi stakes correéted in his Cabot, 3 95

-6 ; reprinted in WEARE ,Cabot, 1 59

-1 60

Cabot Bibliography;

The reference to Cabot’ s second voyage i s merely an offi cia lsummary of the longer report written by A ya la ; i t is interestingas su gesting the points in the latter which seemed important tothe o der d ip lomat .

GRAFTON (R I CHARD) A Chronic le at large and meere

H is tory of the affayres of Englande and K inges of the

same,dedu-oed from the Creation of the worlde

,vu to the

firs t ha-bitation of thys Is lande : and so by contynuance

vu to the first yere of the reigne of our mos t deere and

souereigne Lady Queene E liz a-beth : colleé’ted out of

sundry Auc-thors,whose names are expressed

—1 569

[London]. (1 2 1 )Fol io . 2 volumes (usua l ly bound together) . T 5 11 pp

1 -1 9 2 4 l l ; T pp 1 -1 3 69 2 1 11.

The t it le of volume i i . i s dated 1 568 the colophon read s Im

printed at London A nno. 1 5 69 . the last ofMarch .

Reprinted as

GRAFTON (R I CHARD) Grafton’s Chronicle ; or, H is tory

of England. To wh ich is added h is Table of the Bai l iffs,

Sheriffs,and Mayors

,of the C it of London . From the

year I 1 89 , to 1 558, inclusive ondon ; 1 809 . (1 22)Large 4 to . 2 volumes . T pp i i i

-xvi 677 ; T 1 l pp

5 68 2 6 l l .The reference to Cabot i s on p . 1 32 3 of the fi rst, or i i . 5 3 1 -2 of

1 80 9 ed ition, under the year 1 5 52 “A bout th is time there were threenoble Ships set forth and furni shed for the great aduentu re of thevnknowne voyage into the E ast, by the North seas. T he grea tdoer encou rager of which voyage was Sebastian Gaboto an

Eng li sheman,bo rne at B ri stow ,

but was the sonne of a Genowaynow the said voyage and t rade i s greatly ad uaunced , the

Marchants aduentur ing that way are newly by aft of parl iamé’

t

encoporated . (H . N. S . )Grafton was the royal printer to Edward VI ., in whose court

C abot i s said to have d el ivered leéIu res on cosmography. See

H ARR I SSE , Cabot, 1 8 . (1 223

)Cabot i s not ment ioned in the reference to the d iscovery of the

Muscovy trade, on fol . xcii . ofA MANU EL L of the Chronicles of Englande, to this yere

of ou r Lorde . 1 56 5 . A bridged and col lee-ted by RichardG rafton—Lon-don. (I 2 3 )

3 amo. T 1 1 l l fol . i-c 8 . (H . N . S .)

GRAFTON (R I CHARD) Graftons Abr idgement of the

Chro-n icles ofEnglande . Newly and di ligent ly correé’ted,



and direétion of the r ighte worshipfull Mr . Wal ter Raghlynowe knight before the comynge home of his twoobarkes (I 26)

Fol iomanuscript, in the l ibrary of the late Sir Thomas Phi l lipps ;65 l l .P rinted by the Maine H istorica l Society, Colleétions, second

series, i i . as

Documentary hi story of the State of Maine. Vol . i i . Introduétion By Leonard Wood s . E d ited By Charles Deane

,

—Cambr idge, 1 877. (1 27)8vo. 2 T pp v -lxi 2 5 3 5 facsim iles.R eprinted by GOLDSM ID

,No . 1 3 3 ,

—Edinburgh, 1 890, x i i i .(Amer ica , i i . ) 1 69-276 .

In th is d i scourse, whichwas wri tten with the des ign of influencingQueenE lizabeth to grantRalegh a patent for colonization,—seeDEI

NO. 8 8—H ak luyt constantly ins ists upon England ’s right to contro lno rthern A merica , becau se ofpriority of d i scovery by Cabot . Thea rguments do not suggest any information not known toM ARTYR,RAMU SIO (apparently in LA POP ELLINIER E ’

S French vers ion) , andE DEN

,w ith the exception of Cabot S owne mappe,

” No 3 98and

In which mappe, in the chapiter of Newfoundelande, there In

Latyn Is pu t downe the very d ay , and the firste lande whichthey sawe as C lement A dams sa ieth

,1 4 94 . in the chapiter of

Gabotts mapp De terra nova ,” pp. 1 2 2- 1 2 8,1 877 ed it ion.

The other interesting references to Cabot are on pp. 1 9 , 86, 1 0 1

and 1 1 0 . SeeM r . Deane’ s notes on pp . 1 9 2-1 9 5 and 22 2

-228 .

See MARTYR , NO . 1 6 1, for the ed ition of the Decades ed ited by

H ak luyt,—Pa r is, 1 587.

HAKLUYT (R I CHARD) The pr incipall navigations, voia

ges and discoveries of the English nat ion,made by Sea or

ouer Land, at any t ime wi thin the compasse of these1 500. yeeres : Deu ided into three seuerall par ts, The

firs t Asia [and] Afr ica The second to

wards the North and Nor theas t The third and las t,

including the English va lian t a t tempts in searching al-mos tall the corners of the vas te and new world of America

,

from 73 . de-grees of Nor therly lat i tude Southward,to

the S treight of Magel lan fur ther then euer anyChris tian hi therto hath pierced By Richard Hakluy tMas ter of Ar tes

,and S tuden t some time of Christ-church

in Oxford—London b George Bishop and Ra lph New

berie,Depu t ies to Chris topher Barker, Printer to the

Queenes mos t excel len t Maiestie . 1 589 . (1 28)

Cabot JBibliograp z 57

Fo l io . T 7 11+ pp . 1 -82 5 5 11 +map .

C ited as H AKLUYT, Pr incipa ll Na v iga tions .

In thi s volume Hak luyt reprinted the Cabot paragraphs in his

Div er s V

f

oyages on pp . 509-5 1 6, add ing the Ro l ls reco rd of the

patent o 3 February, 14 98 , No . 1 4 0 ; the extraét from A dams’ed it ion of Cabot’s map, No. the “ d iscou rse to Butrigariu s,taken out of the second volume ofR amusius,

”

but real ly from the

first,No . 1 94 ; extraéfs from Martyr and Gomara ; the voiage of

Sir Thomas Pert and Sebastian Cabot, abou t 1 5 1 6, to B rasi l, S .

Dom ingo, and S . Iohn de porto ricco and , pp . 5 1 9-520 , the pension

granted by E dward VI . , NO. 99 . The documents which provethe conneéi ion between the Mu scovy Company and Cabot , the

chiefest setter foorth of thi s iourney, are on pp . 30 2-3 1 1 .

Thi s collefi ion was expanded into three vo lumes entitledHAKLUYT (R I CHARD ) The principal navi-garions

,

vo iages, traffiqves and disco-uer ies of the English Na tionThis firs t Volume containing the woorthy D is

coueries,Sec . of the Engl ish toward the North and Nor th

eas t Toge ther wi th many notable monumen ts and

testimO-nies of this realme of England in former

ages the true Sta te of Island the memorabledefeate ofthe Span ish huge Armada

,Anno 1588 By

Richard Haklvyt—London

,Bishop, Newberie and Barker

,

1 598 . (129)Fo l io . T 1 1 11 pp 1 -6 1 9 map in some copies, See

MOLINEUX,No . 174 .

Rei ssued the fol lowing yea r,w ith ti tle a l tered to suppress the

Voyage to Cadiz, pp . 607-6 1 9 , and to includ e the second vo lume.

HAKLUYT (RICHARD) The second vo lvme of the pr in

c ipal na-vigations through and within the S treigh t

ofGibra l ter By R ichard Haklvyt Preacher .—London

I S99 (1 30)Fol io. T 7 11+ pp 1 -3 1 2 1 -204 .

HAKLUYT (R ICHARD) The third and las t volvme of the

voy-ages of the English Na tion

,and in some few

places, where they have not been,of s trangers to all

par ts of the Newfound wor ld of Amer ica,or the West

Indies,from 73 . degrees of Nor ther ly to 57. of Sou ther ly

lat itude Colleé’ted by Richard Haklvyt-London

1600. (1 3 1 )Fo l io . T 7 11+ pp 1 -868 .

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

Thi s whole work (Nos . 1 29-1 3 1 ) was reprinted in

HAKLUYT’

S COLL ECTION of the ea rly Voyages, T ravel s, and

D i scoveries , of the Engl i sh Nation. A new ed ition,with

A dd itions —London : for R . H . Evans, &c . 1 809

(1 3 2)Quarto . 5 volumes . Edi tion of 3 2 5 copies .Bes ides the suppressed port ions of the original ed it ion, thi s in

cluded in the supplement to the fou rth vo lume and in the fifth“ Curious, rare, and early voyages chiefly publ i shed byH akluyt or at his suggest ion .

”

The Voy ages were republ ished by E dmund GOLDSMID ,—Edin

burgb, 1 8 8 5-1 890 , sixteen volumes in 8vo. An ed i torial note ,vol . xi i .7(Amer ica , i . says

,I have

,inmy complete E d ition ofH akluyt

’

s

Voyages , a rranged the Contents of his fi rst two volumes in the

order he wou ld have d es i red , had he not ‘ lacked sufficient store .

’

Volumes xi i-xv of this edit ion were a lso i ssued w ith a separatetitleThe voyages of the E ngl ish nation to America B efore the year

1 600 , from H akluyt’

s colleéi ion of voyages Ed ited by Edmund

Gold sm id—Edinburgh Go ld smid,1 889

-1 89o) . (1 3 3 )Th is col leéi ion, Nos . 1 29- 1 3 1 , i s ci ted a s H A KLUYT , Voy ages .

The fi rst vo lume conta ins , pp. 2 2 6-2 30, Cabot’s Ord inances forthe voyage to Cathay, NO. 58 see pp. 2 67-274 , reprinted from No .

1 2 8 , and the note under BURROUGH , NO . 1 8 , for Cabot ’ s connef’t ion w ith the Mu scovy Company . The Cabot passages fromthe Pr incipa ll Na v iga tions (1 58 9 ) a re reprinted in the thi rd vo lume

of the Voy ag es , pp . 4- 1 1

, 4 9 8-4 9 9 E vans ’ ed i t ion, i i i . 2 5-3 2 , 59 159 3 ; Gold sm id edi tion, xi i . (Amer ica , i . ) 1 9-34 , xv. (iv. ) 2 00-20 3 .

A s ecial note concerning th e cu rrents of the sea betweene the

Cape o Buena E speranca and the coast of B ras i l ia , giuen by a

French P i lot to S ir Iohn Yorke knight, befo re Sebast ian Cabotewhich pi lot had frequented the coasts ofB ras i lia eighteene voyagesis in the Voyages, i i i . 71 9 .

Portions of these passages relating to Cabot ’ s North Americand i scoveries are reprinted in MEAD , Old SoutnLeafl et, 37, —Boston,1 89 5 . E xtraéi s d escribing the d i scovery in na rrative fo rm a re in

Thomas Wentwo rth H igginson’ s Boole of Amer ica n Explorer s ,‘

Boston,1 877, 5 5

-59 . (1 3 3b

)H AKLUYT in 1 60 1 ed ited an E nglish translation of GALVANO,

Discov er ies, which is d escribed as No . 1 1 5 .

HART (ALBERT BUSHNE LL) American H is tory told byCon temporaries. Vo lume I . E ra of Coloniz ation 14 92

1 689 . Edi ted by A lber t Bushne l l Har t—New Tor /f,

Macmil lan,1897. (1 34 )

2 T pp VI I-xvii i+ 1 -6o6 .



H AZARD,Histor i ca l Colleél ions,—P/t ilade1pbia , 1 79 2, i . 9

-1 0 , in

Latin and in mos t of the later Cabot vo lumes .H enry VI I . authorized the Cabots to take five Ships at thei r own

expense and make exp lorations und er the Engl ish flag In any d ircetion except the south . su i s et corum propri i s sumptibu s et expensis

auétori tatem navigandi ad omnes pa rtes , regiones et s inusmari s orienta li s, occidentalis

,et septentrionali s . They were per

m itted to occupy any land s not previously known to the Chri stianworld , of which they might be able to secu re possession. A l l

commod it ies brought by them from the new found land s were to beentered at the port of B ri sto l . One-fifth of the Income, after thepayment of al l expenses, was to be paid to the king . Freedomfrom all customs dues on import s was granted , together with a

monopo ly of the trade thither . 1

John Cabot’s origina l Copy of these Letters Patent having d isappeared , Sebastian in 1 5 50 pet itioned for the i ssue of a new Copy .

H e received thi s on June 4 , on cond it ion that i t shou ld be returnedin case the origina l Shou ld ever be found . The pa

ragraphs added In

1 5 50 to the text of the 14 96 document are printed In HARR I SSE ,

Cabot, 4 4 9

-4 50 . (1 37)

HENRY VII . To bym tha t founde the new Is le, J£10 .

I 0 Augus t,1 4 97. (1 38)

Thi s i tem,from a copy made by M r. Craven Orde from the

origina l entries of the privy purse expenses of H enry VI I . in the

R emembrancer Office , IS in the BritishMuseum,Addit.MSS . 70 99 ,

1 2 Henr ie VI I . , fo . 4 1 .

Pr inted in NI COLAS , Excerpta Histor ica,—London

,S. Bentley,

1 8 3 1 , p . 1 1 3 ; and in B IDD LE , No. 2 6 1, p . 79 , w ith an interesting

note .

Thi s entry i s accepted as conv incing proof that Cabot returnedfrom the new world before 1 0 A ugust , 1 4 97, on which day he i ssupposed to have presented the news of h is success to the k ing inperson in London.

HENRY V I I . Memorandum Yeuen vndre our Pryue

Seal at O paloys ofWestmInster the xiijth day OfDecembre

The xi ij yere of our Reigne (1 39)The origina l record of this order i s in the Publ ic Record Office,

London, Pr ivy Sea ls , Dec. 1 3 Hen . VI I . , No. 4 0 .

There i s a reduced photograph in Scribner ’sMagaz ine, Ju ly, 1 897,xx ii . 75Fi rst printed In 1 884 by D EAN E In WINSOR

,Amer ica , I i i . 56 .

Thi s notification d ireéts John Mo rton,A rchbishop ofCanterbu ry,

to i ssu e the necessa ry Letters Patent und er the great sea l , inasmuchas

“ for certa ine consideracions vs special ly moevyng haue yeuen

and g raunted vnto our Welbi loued John Ga lbot of the parties of

Cabot fi tbltOQt‘flp 61

Venice an annuitie or annel rent of twenty pound s s terl ing To be

had and yerely perceyued from the feas t of thanunciacion of or ladylast passed (i .e. 2 5 March 1 4 97) during ou r pleasu r of our Cus

rumes in ou r Poort ofB ristowe .

HENRY V II . D licencia Caboto Memorandum quodtertio die februarij anno regni regis Henrici septimi xiijis ta bi l la del iberata fui t apud Westmonaster ium .

(1 4 0)The original manuscripts are in the Publ ic Record Offi ce

,Lon

don in Latin, Frenc/z Roll , 1 3 Hen. VII .,No. 4 3 9, m. I in Engl i sh

,

Cba ncery S igned Bill s, 1 3 Hen. VI I . ,No . 6.

A reduced photograph of the Engl ish i s in Scr ibner ’s Maga z ine,July

,1 8 97, xxi i . 72-73 .

A copy of the petition in response to wh ich these new LettersPatent were granted

, preced es the Engl ish text.H ak luyt in 1 589 , and aga in ten yea rs later (NOS . 1 28 in

d icated this document, but i ts significance was not appreciated

unti l B IDD L E in 1 8 3 1 (No . 2 6 1 , pp . 74—75) first printed the Engl ish

text,which was reprinted in theWestminster Rev iew

,January

,1 8 3 2 ,

xv i . 3 3 -34 ; a l so in JONES , No . 4 24, pp . lx i i-lxxi i i ; in CORRY ,Br istol, i . 3 1 1 -3 1 2 and the later Cabot vo lumes .The Latin text was first printed by H ARR I SSE

, Ca bot, 3 9 3-3 94a l so in WEARE , No . 558 , pp . 1 58

- 1 59 , with the abbreviations as inthe origina l manu script.These new Letters Patent authorize John Kabote or K abbatto

Veneciam to tak e up, anywhere w ithin the Engl ish doma in,S ix

ships ofnot more than two hund red tons,w ith their a rmament and

fi ttings , und er the same cond itions as if they were being taken forthe roya l u se

,and to condué

’

t these , w ith any who wished to ao

company him ,to the londe and I les of late founde by the seid

John in ou re name and by O"cO’maundmente .

”

HENRY V II . [Warran t addressed To the Tresourer and

Chaubrelaines of oure E schequ ier at oure Manor of

Shene the xxij day of ffebruary the xiij yere of oure reign .

(14 1 )The origina l manuscript is in the Record Ofli ce, London, Wa r

rantsfor Issues, 1 3 Hen. VI I .

First printed in HA RRISSE, Cabot, 3 94 ; a l so in P ROW SE, Newfoundland , 1 2 .

Th is warrant d ireéi s that, “as we be enformed the sa id John

Caboote is dela ied of his ayement,

” therefore two ta i l les or tal liesof ten pound s each sha l be levied upon R ichard Meryk and

A rthu re Kemys—see Nos . 1 5 1 -1 53—annua l ly and del ivered to

Caboote to be had of ou r gift by way of rewarde withou t pres tor eny other charge to be sette upon bym .

”

Cabot JBi i ograpbv

HENRY V I I . March 22 . To Lanslot Thirkill ofLon

don,apon a Pres t for his Shipp going towards the new

I lande,L. 20 . (1 4 2)

Transcript from the P rivy Pu rse E xpenses ofH enry VI I .,B ritish

Museum , Addit . MSS . No . 70 9 9 , fol . 4 5—See note to NO. 1 3 8 .

Printed in N I COLA S , Excerpta , 1 1 6, and in most of the accountsof Cabot’s 1 4 9 8 voyage .

T he P rivy Purse accounts a lso contain entries, of abou t thesame d ate and import :I tm d el ivd to Launcelot Thirki l l going toward s the new I le in

P rest, £2 0 .

A pri l 1 . I tm to Thomes B rad ley and Launcelot Thirk ill goingto the newe I le

, £30 (14 2b )To Jn Carter going to the Newe I le in rewd

, 4 os . 5d.

Launcelot Thirkill aga in appears in London ,6 June

, 1 50 1 , whenit was recorded that he, together wi th Thomas Par ,Wa lter Strikland and Thomas Mydelton, was “ bounden in ij obl igations topay at Whi tsontyde next comyns xxl i, for lyverye of Flemynges land es —B rit ish Mu seum , Add it. MSS . No. 2 1

, 4 80 , fo. 3 5

printed by D E S IMONI and H A RR I SSE , and by BEAZLEY , No . 2 56,

p. 272 , who correéts prev iou s misprintings .

Ha rri sse and others suppose these entries to Show that T h irk i l lwas “

evidently a companion of John Cabot, and owner of one of

the vessels in the squad ron thi s shows,at a ll events , that one

Sh ip at least retu rned from the exped ition of One Shipretu rned to Ire land in d istress,so that

,even if it i s certain that

Thi rk i ll accompanied hi s sh ip, there wou ld seem to be l itt le posit ive va lue in a l l, thu s far, which i s known concerning the resu l tsof the voyage, except, by impl ication, the d el ineat ions in La Cosa ’ splani sphere .

” Th is was written before the d iscovery of the Cabot1 4 9 9 record , No . 1 5 1 ; see B ARRI SSE, No . 3 9 5 , and the Intro

due‘tion, pp. xv and xli i .

See note under PORTER, No . 4 87.

HENRY VIII .,K ING OF ENGLAND .

Certa in payments made to Sebastian Cabot from the treasu ry ofH enry V I I I . are noted under BREWER, Nos. 1 4

3

HERRERA (ANTON I O DE) H is toria Gene ral de los hechosde los cas tel lanos en las I s las i t ierra fi-rme delMar oceano

esc r i ta por An tonio de her rera coronista mayor de sv M".de las indias y sv coronis-ta de Cas t i l la En quatro Decadas

desde cl Ano de 14 92 hasta el de 1 53 I—EmMa

Den la

emplenta rea l 1 60 1 [M adr id] (14 3 )Fo l io . T + 3 l l + pp 1 - 371

8 11 ; T + 1 1+ pp 1 1 -29 3 .



HOBY (S IR PH IL I P).See CHEYNE, No . 74 , and EDWARD VI ., No . 1 0 2 .

HOLBEIN (H A NS) .See note under CABOT , No . 6 1 .

HOLINSHED (RAPHAE L) 1 577. The Firs te vo lume of

the Chronic les ofEngland,Scot-lande

,and Irelande . Con

teyning, The descr ipt ion and Chron ic les of England,from

the firs t inhabi t ing vnto the conques t The descript ionand Chron icles of Sco t land

,from the firs t or igina l ] of the

Scottes na tion,t i l l the yeare of our Lorde . 1 571 The de

scr ipt ion and Chronicles of Ire lande,likewise from the

firs te or iginal] of tha t Na t ion,vnt i ll the yeare . 1547.

Faithfully ga thered and set for th, by Raphael] Hol inshedLondon . (14 6 )

Sma l l fo l io . 4 vo lumes : vo lumes 1, 2 and 3 are u sual ly found

bound together, label led vol . i . T 7 11 Br ita ine, 1 26 11, s ig s .

As-P

S , Q 6Fau l tes escaped , 1 l s ig . r .j . Eng lande, pp 1 -2 8 9 ,

sigs . 38-58 ,t . i . Scotland T 3 11, s ig s. A 2 ,

1 1 11 1

1 blank,

s igs .

*a*6 ,

*b* [See LOWND E S] pp 1 -5 1 8 ,A,-I I

, ,K k

,1 3 11, Kk(4 ) , Ll 6 -Mm 6

Ireland T I I

2 8 l l , sigs . A8-C

8 ,D4 pp 1 - 1 1 6 3 11, sigs . A

8-D

8 , E 5 ,Fs

‘ Gs aH6 ,

In the B riti sh Mu seum Grenvi l le copy threecancel leaves are inserted after p . 74 , Ireland , numbered 57 for

75, 76-78, 70 for 79 , 74 for 80 ; the text shows m inor va ria rions from that u sua l ly found on these pages of Sheet F note theSignatu re col lation above. There i s a l so a duplicate leaf of F vij ,pp . 9 0 , 9 1 , Show ing changes in the text . Cop ies a lso ex i st withva riant imprints T he fourth volume i s u sua lly known as vol . i i . ;its ti t le read sThe Laste vo lume Conteyning , The Chronicles ofEnglandefromW i ll iam Con-querour vnti l l this present tyme . Fa ithfu l lygathered and compiled by Raphael ] H olinshed—London. (1 4 6

1

)T 1 1, s ig . 1I, [see LOWND E S] pp 2 9 1

- 1 876 , s ig s . t,,Vs

' zs :A

8-Yyyy

8 ,Zzzz continu ing from Eng land, sig . t, in vol .

i . Table, 50 l l A 4

-M4 ,N

, + Fau1tes , 2 11, sig . ) 2 . A n extraleaf numbered 1 59 3

” i s between pp. 1 59 2-1 59 3 , and a fold ing

p late i s between pp . 1 8 68-1 869 . [Co l lated by H . N . Stevens .]On p . 1 71 4 , under date 1 5 52 , i s the account of “ the great

aduentu re of the vnknowne voyage into the E ast The grea tdoer and encourager of wh ich voiage, was Sebastian Caboto an

Engl ishma, born at B ristow,bu t was the sonne of a Geno-waies .

”

HOLINSHED (RAPHAE L ) The Firs t and second vo lumes

of Chronicles,compris ing 1 The descr iption and historie


of England,2 The descr ipt ion and his torie of Ire land

, 3The description and his torie of Sco t land : Firs t colle&ed

and publ ished by Raphae l] Ho linshed,Wi l liam Harrison

,

and Others : Now newl ie augmented and cont inued (wi thmanifo ld mat ters of singular no te and wor thie memorie) tothe yeare 1 586. by John Hooker a l ias Vowell

,Gen t . and

o thers—COIOphon : F inished in Januar ie 1 587London. (14 6

7

)Large fo lio. T 3 11 Br ita in

, pp 1 -2 50 Eng land, T + 1 1

pp 1 -202 Ireland,T 3 11 + pp 9

-6 1 5 11 + pp 1 - 1 8 3Scotland , T pp 1 874 64 2711. These parts are usual ly boundas volume i . Vo lume i i . has the titleThe Third volume of Chronicles, be-ginning at duke Wi l liamthe Norman

,commonl ie ca l led the Conqueror ; Fi rs t

compi led by Raphael] Hol inshed,and by h im extended to the

yeare 1 577. Now newlie recognised , augmented , and con

t inned (w ith occurrences and accidents of fresh memorie) to the

yeare 1 58 6. Wherein a lso a re conteined manie matters ofs ingu lar d iscourse and ra re obser-nat ion

,fruitfu l ] to su ch as be

stud iou s in ant iqu ities , or take pleasure in the ground s ofanci-ent histories. -[London, 1

La rge fo l io. T 3 11 pp 1 - 1 59 2 4» 2 9 11.

Th is ed it ion is very much enlarged from that of 1 577. The

Cabot passage under 1 5 52, i i i . 1 08 3 , is praétical ly the same as

before.

On pp . 78 5-789 , under the year 14 98 , there i s an account of howAmerica was discovered by Sebast ian Gabato , professing himselfe

to be expert in knowledge of the c ircu it of the world as by h ischa rts and other reasonable demonstrations he shewed In the

Ship d iue rse merchants of London aduentured sma l l stocks,and in

the companie of this Ship sai led a lso out of B ri s tow three or fonre

small Sh ips fra ight w ith slight and grosse wares, as cou rse cloa th,

caps , lases, points , and such other. ” See the notes under FABYAN,

No . 1 0 5 , and STOW ,No . 2 1 2, from whom the passage on page 789 ,

which refers to th is d iscovery before named in A nno 1 4 6 8 , i s

Copied .

T he 1 587 ed ition was reprinted in Six vo lumes,large quarto,

London,1 807

-1 808 .

HURTADO DE MENDOZA (LOPE) [Le t ter to

Charles V.-Lisbon

,19 Oéi ober, 1 528 . (1 4 7)

Manuscript copy in the BritishMuseum ,London, Addit. MSS . No.

29°

A n Engl ish version is printed in GAYANGOS, Ca lenda r (Spa in),i i i . pt . i i . 8 2 3 .

This d ispatch reports the return of one of the caravel s from the

F

66 Cabot JBIbl iograpbv

fleet of Sebast ian C avoéfo ,bringing the accountant and t reasu rer

of the fleet,with news of wonderfu l d iscoveries which assu re tha t

the Emperor wi l l no longer want ei ther cinnamon or pepper, forhe w i l l have more gold and s i lver than he requi res .

JOMARD (EDME-FRANCO IS) Les monuments de la géographic on recuei l d ’

anciennes car tes Européennes et

O r ientales publiés en facs im ilé de la grandeu r desoriginaux par M . Jomard—P a r i s (1855 (14 8)

Imperia l fo l io . 8 2 p lates .A mong the 2 1 maps reproduced in facs imile by E . Remb ielinski ,

are those d escribed under CABOT, NO. 3 9 ; COSA, No. 84 ; DES

CELI ERS , No . 9 1 .

In conneél ion wi th th is work,consult

Introdua ion a 1’

A tlas d es Monuments d e la G éographie pa r feuM . Joma rd . Pub l iée par les soins et avec d es rema rques d e M .

E . Co rtambert—Pa r is 1 879 . (14 9)8vo . T pp 60 Liste des Ca rtes 1 p .

JUNCO (JU A N D E) .The d epos ition of the sa ilor Junco

,who returned with Cabo t

from La P lata,in regard to the charges of m i smanagement mad e

aga inst Cabot, wh ich was taken at Sevi l le,28 Ju ly

,1 5 30 , is printed

in H ARR I SSE , Ca bot, 4 1 5-4 1 7. See the note s und er CABOT,No .

2 3 .

KEMYS (ARTHUR) a nd MERYK (R ICHARD A P) Brystol le the Acompts Of the C ustymers

Arthurus Kemys e t Ricardus a Meryk Colleé’tores

C ustumarum et Subsid iorum domini Reg is lanarum Cor

riorum et pellium lanutarum in por tu vi l le Br is tol]. a

fes to sc i . Michaelis a rchange li anno xi im° [xi i i, xi i ij ] RegisHenrici v ij

"mvsque i dem festum sci . Michae l is tunc proxime

sequens,redunt Computum (1 5 1 )

Manuscript found among the muniments of the Chapter H ou se ,Westm inster A bbey . E xh ibited at the Cabot C elebration

, B ri stol ,England

,24 J une , 1 8 97 see note under DUFFE RIN

,NO. 3 3 9 .

P rinted inThe Cabot Ro l l . The Customs Ro l l of the Port of B risto l

. 1 4 9 6 to 1 4 9 9 . Transl a ted from the o rigina l Manu

script recently d iscovered at Westminster A bbey,By E dwa rd

Sco tt , M .A . (Keeper ofManu script s in the B rit ish Mu seum) .W i th an Introduéi ion relating to entries of the Roya l Pensionpaid to John Cabot , Navigator , ; By A lfred E . H udd

,F. S .A .

Pub l i shed by W i l l iam George’s Sons, Br istol, 1 897. 1 50 copies

only. (1 5 2)


Gabot JBibltograpbp

KOCHHAFF (N A TH A N) .See CHYTRJEU S , No . 75 , the Latinized form of the name by

which the German student and traveller K ochhafi’

is genera l lyknown .

KRANTZ IUS (ALBERTUS) .See notes under Z I EG LER

,No . 2 3 2 .

LA COSA (JU AN D E) .See COSA, No . 84 .

LAET (JOH ANNES DE) Novvs orbis seu descr iptionis

indiae occiden talis Libri xv iij . Authore Ioanne de LaetAntverp. Novis Tabu lis Geographic is et vari is An iman

t ium,Plantarum Fruétuumque l conibus i l lus trati—Lugd .

B a ta ‘v. apud E lz evir ios . A°. 1 63 3 . (1 54 )

Fo lio. 2 T 1 4 11+ pp 1 - 690 9 11+ 1 4 maps .The

‘

introduction to the d escription of New France states thatthe Cabots not only d iscovered this region, but tha t they a lsocharted a considerable extent of its coast-line

,a s was proven by

the maps which they pub l ished , of which not a few stil l ex isted inEngland , p . 3 1 see notes to No . 3 9 . Thi s passage reappears onp . 3 3 of the French t ranslation i ssued by the same pub l ishers in1 64 0 . I t does not occur in the o rigina l Dutch ed itions of 1 62 5and 1 6 30 .

LANQUET (THOM A S) .

COOPER ’ S contInuation of Lanquet’

s Cfirom'

cle i s described as

No . 8 1 .

LA POPELLINIERE (LANCELOT Vo1e DE) Les tro ismondes . par le seignevr de la Popell iniere

—P a r z

'

r 1 582

(1 55)8vo . T 27 11+ map l l 1 -5 5 1 -56 1 -5 1 .

There i s a rea l istic rendering of the Mantuan gentleman’s account of Gauoto, from RAMU SIO, No . 1 94 , in l iv. i i. 11. 4 1-4 2 .

This version may have been u sed by H AKLUYT in preparing hisDircourr of 1 584 , No . 1 2 6 .

LEARDO (FR ANCI SCO) .The Informa t ion taken against Sebastian Cabot at the request of

Leardo is d escribed as No . 1 2 .

Gabot Bibl iography 69

LOK (MICH A E L) I l lvstri viro,Domino Philippo Sidnaeo

M ichae l Lok C ivis Londinens is hanc chartam dedicabat

1 582. (156)Woodcu t map ; 3 8 x 2 9 cmm. ; 1 5 x inches . Publ i shedwi th H AKLUYT

, Dist/err Voyager, NO. 1 2 5 .

Facsimi les a re in the H ak luyt Society ed ition of the D i fverr

Vgrager,

-London, 1 8 50 ; Ca ta log ue of til e yobn Ca r ter Brow n

Libra ry ,—Pr ofvidence, R. I .,

1 875 , i . 288 ; WINSOR,Amer ica , i i i .

4 0 LUCAS , Zeno,—London, 1 89 8 .

J. Gabot . 1 4 97 appears on the ma inland coast below C .

B retou. Thi s is the earliest instance of the corre& date for the

d iscovery in an exist ing printed document . The name of the d is

coverer is l ikewi se correc'tly given .

LOK ’ S translation ofMARTYR , Decader, is descr ibed as NO. 1 6 3 .

LOPEZ DE GOMARA (FR A NCI SCO).The works of thi s hi storian are described under his mo re fami liar

name of GOMARA,No . 1 1 8 .

LOVELL (SIR THOM A S) .See notes under B REWER , No . and DRAPERS

,No. 94 .

MAIOLO,or MAGGIOLO (VESCONTE DE) Vesconte

de maiolo cuius Janue conposuy. In neapoly de anno .

die xx January (1 57)Manuscript atla s, 1 0 leaves , each 4 0 x 28 cmm. ,

or 1 5; x 1 1

inches . In the John Carter B rown Library, P rovidence, R . I .

Described by H A RR I SSE , Discov ery , 4 68-4 69 .

On the sixth map, which represents the arétic regions,i s “Terra

d e los Ingres,

"Land of the E ngl ish presumab ly, west of

E urope, at the fu rthest north. South of this a re Terra d e Lauoradore de rey de portugal l,

” “ tera d e pesca ria , a nd “Terra d e

corte reale de rey d e portuga ll .

MARINO DE BUC IGNOLO (H I ERONIMO D E) Litteraescr iptze nom ine H ieronym i di Marino Rhagusc i ad Sebast ianum Cabo to in H ispaniam exis tentem—Veneti is

,28

Apri l is 1 523 (I 58)Origina l manu script copy in the State A rchives

,Venice

, Capidel Conriglio de

’

Dieci , Lettere rottorcr itte,Filz a No. 6, 1 52 3 .

P r inted in BU LLO ,No . 290,

—Cbiogg ia ,1 880 , 68 . Translated

into Engl ish by B ROWN, Ca lenda r (Venice) , ii i . NO. 669 .

Fo r the C ircumstances under which this fiftitious letter waswritten, see the notes to CONTAR INI , Nos . 76-78 , and VENICE ,Nos . 22 5-227. The letter States that Cabot can doubtless recover

70 Gabot Bibl iography

the dowry Of his mother if he appears in person to Claim it et m i

fit d ato bona speranza d e recuperar la dote d i vo stra madre , etamed a

,-the latter being ve ry o ld and l ikely to d ie, haste i s necessary.

The exaét s ignificance of thi s term ameda apparently puzzles a llwho have undertaken the e lucid ation of th is pas sage.

The order for a payment to Marin,No. 22 6 , shows that th is

Ragu san messenger cannot have been enti rely a fiél itiou s personage.

MARKHAM (SIR CLEMENTS ROBERT ) .T he Hak luyt Society vo lume which conta ins the s tandard Eng l ish

vers ions of the important Cabot documents i s described as NO. 4 5 1 .

MARTYR DE ANGHIERA (P IETRO) De orbe nouo

Decades—[Colophon] fuerunt hm tres protono tari iPe tri martyris decades Impressae in

es t nonis NO uébris An . 15 16 .

Folio. 8 3Three decades of the New World hi story occupy the fi rst 6 3leaves , fo l lowed by 4 leaves Of errata and Vocabula barbara

,

"on

the last of which is the colophon. The rema ining 1 6 leaves conta in the Legat ion is bab i lonicae .

N ine book s of the fi rst d ecade were printed at H irpa li (Serville)in 1 5 1 1 . The three d ecades , with an abridgment of the fou rth

,

were reprinted , Ba si leee, 1 5 3 3 ; Colonia ,1 574 . They were trans

lated , u sual ly w ith ed i toria l abridgment,into French

,Pa r is , I 5 3 2

I talian,Venetia , 1 564 ; and Engl ish (see E DEN ,

NO . 96) -London,

1 5 55, and 1 577In D ec. I I I , l ib . v i, (1. 52 , 1 5 1 6 ed ition) there i s an account of a

voyage by Sebastian Cabot, whom Martyr Claims to have knownintimately ; Fami liarem habeo dom i cabo tum ipsum 85 contubernaleminterdum ; and whom he d escribes as Venetian born, having beentaken to England when very young genere uenetu s sed a paren

t ibus in b ritaniam insulam tendent i bus u ti mori s est uenetorum

qu i commerc i i causa terrarum omnium sunt hospi tes transportatuspene infans. Cabot furni shed two ships with 300 men at h is own

expense and set sa i l northward unt i l he was compel led to turntoward s the west by the great icebergs which he met, a lthough i twas mid summer the d ay l ight was a lmost continuou s and the snowwas me lted from the ground in places : & primo tendens cum hom i ~

nibus tercentum ad septentrionem donec etiam iul io mense uastas

repererit glaciales moles pelago na tantes 8: lucem fere perpetuamtel lu re tamé

’ libera gelu liquefaé‘

to . Q uare coaé'

tus fu it ut i a it ue lau ertere occide

’

tem sequ i . Cabot afterward s coasted southwardunt i l be est imated tha t he was in the la ti tude of G ibra l ta r andabou t the lon itude of Cuba . H e observed during the voyage a

westwa rd drifIing o f the water, which suggested to Martyr a

passage~ opening toward s the west . Ma rtyr a l so thought that


!abot JBi i ograpbg

Themap, engraved on copper, 20 x cmm . , bears the eulogis ticlegend , Doéi iss . et ornat iss . R ich . H ak luyto F. G . S . Pari s .ca l . Marj . A long the Labrador shore of the riverand gu lf of St . Lawrence i s the legend : Baca llaos ab A ng l is

This map i s sa id to have been d rawn by Franci s Gau l le.

The S probably stand s for Sa luta t. (1 62 )H akluyt

'

s manipu lation of the text of the Cabot passage i s ex

pla ined in the preced ing notes to No. 1 60 .

E DEN’S translation of the fi rst three Decades

,No. 9 6 , with an

E ngl ish vers ion of the remaining books by M ichael Lok , was publ i shed a s

De Novo Orbe,or the historie of the west I nd ies by the

Industrie , and pa inefu ll T raua i le of M . Lok Gent .—Londonfor Thoma s A dams

,1 6 1 2 . (1 6 3 )

Sma l l 4 to . T 4 ll l l 1 -3 1 8 .

This was rei ssued as

The famovs historie of the Ind ies by L. M . Gent . The

second E d ition—London for M ichael Sparke, 1 6 28 . (1 64 )Smal l 4 to . T 2 11 l l 1 - 3 1 8 .

I t was a lso is su ed as

The his toric of the West-Indies by M . Lok. Gent .London

,for A nd rew H ebb. (1 6 5)

Smal l 4 to. T 2 l l l l 1 -3 1 8 .

The text of these three ed it ions i s the same , except that the fi rstconta ins two leaves of Episto la Ded icatoria which were not re

i ssu ed . T he d ate of Hebb’

s i ssue i s not known, but i t was pre

sumab ly later than 1 62 8 . The evidence so far a s obta inable isClearly stated in Henry Stefvens’ Histor ica l Collec‘i’ions ,—London, 1 88 6,i i . 37

-3 8 . This work was reprinted in E vans’ ed it ion of H AKLUYT ,

No . 1 3 2,—London

,1 8 1 2

,v . 1 55

-4 76.

T he S‘vmma r io da l Pietro Ma rty re,—Venice, 1 5 34, is described

under RAMU SIO, NO. 1 9 2 .

See notes under CHAUVETON, No. 73 and WI LLES, No . 2 30 .

MARY TUDOR,QUEEN OF ENGL AND The Char ter

Of the Marchan ts of Russia, graunted vpon the discouer ie

of the saide Countrey, by K ing Phi lip and Queene Mar ie .

Westminster,6 February

,I 555 . (166)

P rinted in H akluyt,Vry

iages ,—London

,1 59 8 , i . 2 67-272 . See

LEMON,Ca lendar of Domestic Sta te Paper s, 1 574

-80,i . 65 .

A nd in consideration that one Seba stian Cabota hath b in the

chiefest setter forth of thi s ioum ey or voyage,therefore we make

,

ordeine, and constitute him the sa id Sebast ian to be the first andpresent gouernour ofthe same fellowsh ip and communa lt ie To

haue and en ioy the said ofli ce during h i s naturall l ife, withou tamou ing or d imissing from the same roome.

"

Gabot JBi i ograpbrz 73

MARY TUDOR Pro Sebas t iano Caboto de annuitate

concessa—apud Sa int yames, xxvi i . die Novembr is .

(1555) (167)P rinted in RYMER, Foedera , No . 20 2

,—London, 1 728 , xv. 4 27 ;

Hague ed ition , v i . pt . iv. 4 0 .

Th is i s v i rtua l ly a renewa l of the pens ion granted by E DWARDVI . ,

No . 9 9 : in considerat ione boni veri acceptab il i s Servi tij nob i s ,per d ileé

’

tum Serv ientem nostrum Sebast ianum Caboto A rm igerum .

MARY TUDOR Pro Sebastiano Cabo to concessio ad

vi tam—apud Westmona ster ium vicesimo nono die Mai i .

(1557) (168)P rinted in RYMER , No . 2 0 2, xv., 4 65

-4 66 ; Hague ed ition, vi .

pt . iv. 5 5 .

Translated by B ARR I SSE, Cabot, 4 59 -4 60 .

The document completes an agreement by which Cabot resignedthe pension granted him in 1 5 55 , and in i ts place thi s fresh grantof the same sum

,2 50 marks annual ly, wa s mad e in simi lar term s to

C abot and toWi l l iamWo rthington jointly : see the no tes whichfo l low . The annu ity was pledged to them and the su rvivor ofthem

,their a ss igns , and the assigns of the su rv ivo r Of them,

fo r the term and terms of the l ives of the sa id Sebastian and

Wi l l iam, and the su rvivor of them .

”

The Tellers Rolls, 1 0 3 -1 06, quoted in H ARRI SSE, Ca bot, 4 54 -4 60 ,

record that Cabot received £ 3 3 6s . 8d . ,one ha lf of his annua l

pens ion of 1 00 marks,on 2 9 September, 1 5 54 , showing that th is

a l lowance wa s granted h im from the preced ing 2 5 March .

A nother payment Of the same amount was made 2 5 Ma rch,1 5 55,

which is after the date of t he grant of 2 50 marks. Th is paymentwas by the hand s of

, per manus,Thorne Tyrrel l . On 2 9 Septem

ber fo l lowing,be rece ived £8 3 6s . 8d . Sebastiano Caboto a rmigero

de annu itate sua ad centum ma rcas per annum s ib i deb itas prod imid io anni permanusWmWorthington i i i i xx i ii li vj s v i ijd .

The amount of the pension i s correél ly given in the memoranda or

the payment at the end of the next qua rter, 2 5 December. Pay

ments , by the hand s ofWorthington or of the la tter’s servants ,cont inued to be made , on 2 5 March

,2 4 June , 2 9 September, and

2 5 December, 1 5 56 2 5 March , 2 4 June , and 2 9 September, 1 5 57.

(1 69 )There seems to be no way of tel l ing whetherWorthington re

ceived on h is own account any pa rt Of the qua rterly payments made

to Cabot per manu s WmWorthington in June and September,1 557, afte r the i ssuance ofNo . 1 68 . The payment of£4 l 1 3s . 4 d .

on 2 5 December, 1 557,was made to Wi l l iamWo rthington,armi

gero, d e annu itate sua .

” The natura l inference i s that,when thi s

record was made, Sebastian Cabot had d ied , a lthough he may

merely have re l inqu i shed hi s share in the pension.

74 Gabot JBi i ograpbp

MASON (JOHN) Newfovnd Land descr ibed by CaptaineIohn Mason an indus trious Gen t . who spen t seuen yearesin the Countrey (170)

Copper p late map , 2 6 . 5 x 17. 3 cmm ., or 1 0! x 62. inches.

Publ ished w ith W I LL IAM VAUGHAN sThe Go ld en Fleece D iuided into three Parts

,last ly the

wayes to get wea l th , and to resto re Trad ing so much com

playned of. T ranspo rted from the Southermost Part ofthe I land , common ly ca l led the Newfovnd land , By O rpheu sI unior

,For the genera l l and perpetuall Good of G reat

B ri ta ine .—London 1 6 2 6 (1 71 )

Sma l l 4 to . T + 1 3 11 map pp 1 - 1 4 9 1 -1 0 5 1 -9 6 .

On the outer coa st of the m ap , abou t lat itude 4 9° i s “ C

Bona Vi sta a Caboto primum reperta . Newfound landers some

t imes suggest that thi s statement reco rd s the unbroken loca l t rad it ion preserved on the island s ince the landfa l l a t th is point inI 4 97A legend in the lowe r left corner read s : Insula ol im appel lataNoua Terra a C abota Veneto primfi reperta A nno Bni 1 4 9 9 sub

auspicij s et sumptibus H enrici 7 A ng lorum Reg is .”

MEAD (EDW IN DOAK) The Voyages of the Cabo ts .

From Hakluyt’

s Pr incipa l Naviga t ions, Voyages and

D iscover ies o f the Engl ish Na t ion.

”

(I 72)Publ ished in the series of Old Saatlz Leaflets , No . 37,

—Boston,

1 8 9 5 , 8vo , pp . 1 - 1 2 . Ed ited by M r. E dw in D . Mead . See note,

NO. l g3b

.

MED INA (PEDRO DE) Ar te de nauegar en que se con

t ienen todas las Reglas,Declara C iones

,Secre tos

, y Au iSOS,

q a la buena naue—gacio son n ecessarios,y se deue saber

,

hecha por e l maes tro Pedro de Medina . D irigida a l sere

n iss imo y muy esclarescido senor,don Phe lipe pr incipe de

E spaii a, y de las dos S ici l ias St a—[Co lophon] cl

presen te l ibro Fue visto y aprouadO, en la insignecasa de la Contraétacion de las Indias

, por e l Pi loto mayory Cosmographos de su Mages tad . Va lladolia

'

.

Acabose pr imero dia de l mes de OCtubre m i l yqu inientos y quaren ta y c inco anos . (173 )

Spanish fol io . T 5 l l fo l . i-c 1 l .Trans la ted into French (Pa r is, 1 5 53 Lyon, 1 5 54 , 1 569 ,

1 576 ; Rouen, 1 573 , 1 6 3 3 into I ta l ian,Vinetia , 1 554 ; into G er

man ,1 576 ; and into Engl ish

,by John Frampton,—London,

1 58 1 , and 1 59 5 .


Gabot JBibl iograpbg

map is the one referred to by SHAKSPERE , in Tw elftb Nig/zt, A CIi i i . Scene i i . , as

“the new Mappe, w ith the augmentation Of the

I nd ies . ” In a suggestive note on the separate reprint of Mr .

Coote’s paper, in h i s Ca ta logue 3 2 1 , Bibliot/zeca Geograp/zico-Lin

guistica ,—London, February, 1 879, Book NO . 1 1 9 1 9 , pp . 1 1 8 3

-1 1 84 ,M r . Be rnard Qua ritch says that the faéi had a lready been statedby me in a cata logue now four yea rs old .

” There is no referenceto

‘w elftb Nig/zt in the notes on the facsim ile of this map in M r .

Q uar itch’s Ca ta logue 2 94 , Voyages a nd Trawels,

—London,January

,

1 875 , Book Nos . 1 62 3- 1 6 3 2 , pp. 1 57

- 1 58 . (174 8 )M r. H enry Stevens

,in Histor ica l Collections Ca ta logue, Pa r t I

1 88 1 , d escribing a Copy for sa le, suggests that “the cu rious l ittle

round face-shaped map of the world inWytfl iet’

s Ptolemeeum Augmentum may be the one referred to by Shakspere.

MUNSTER (SEB A ST I A N).The English t ranslat ion ofMUNSTER ’

S Cosmog rapbice Uniuer sa lis ,—Bas le,1 5 50 , i s described under E DEN, NO. 9 5 .

FRANQOI S DE BELL E-FOREST,in his French recens ion ot

MUNSTER , ent itled Cosmograpbie Vni fver selle a ugmentée,Pa r is

,1 575 , 3 volumes fo l io

,inserted a pass ing reference to a search

for the north-west passage by a Venetian sa i l ing under H enry VI I .

of England , in tom . i i . , column 2 1 75 . (1 75)

MYCHELL (WI LLI AM) [Tes tament OfWi l liamMychel lOfLondon

,Chaplain, da ted 3 1 January, 1 5 16- 17. (176)

Manuscript in the Publ ic Reco rd Offi ce,London, P r incipa l

Reg istry of tbc Pr oba te, Div orce a nd Admira lty Div ision of tbe Higb

Cour t of ? ustice.

P rinted by TRAVERS TwI Ss, in the Nautica lMagaz ine, London,July, 1 876, xlv . 675 .

M ychel l bequeathed 3s . 4 d . to h is goddaughter, E l izabeth fil ieSebastiani Caboto filiole mee.

” There is no means of d eterm iningwhether thi s daughter i s the one Cabot mentions in his letter toSamano

,No . 3 8 .

NASH (BENNE TT HUBB ARD) .See note under RA IMONDO, No . 1 90 , for P rofessor Nash ’ s trans

lation Of one of the important Cabot documents .

NAVAGERO (ANDR E A ) [D ispatch to the Sena te at

Venice,dated 2 1 September , 1 525 . (177)

Manu script at Venice, Cicogna MSS . 1 9 8 5, c. 22 3 .

P rinted by BULLO , No . 2 90,—C11iogg ia , 1 880 . Translated into

Engl ish by R AWDON B ROWN , Ca lenda r (Venice) , i ii . 4 8 1 .

Thi s report from the Venetian ambassador in Spa in s tates thatan armada of 28 sa i l left Sevi l le between the 1 5th and z oth of the

month, under the command of Sebastian C abotto venet iano, and

Gabot JBibliograpbp

that i t was expeél ed that new d iscoveries would be made, includ ingpossibly a new route to the Spice-land s, shorter than that taken byMagel lan in the Vittor ia .

A memorandum written by NAVAGERO ,in 1 528 , and printed

by BU LLO, p . 69 , from the Cicogna MSS . cod . 1 98 9 3 3 , suggeststhat certa in news rece ived in Spain from B razi l te ll ing of the arriva lof a Spiceries fleet, may refer to Cabot

’ s ships . (178)

NUREMBERGER (C A SIM IR).The d eposit ions made at Sev i l le, 28 Ju ly, 1 5 30 , by a German

sa i lo r,Casamieres norenberguer a leman—presumably from Nurem

bu rg—who accompanied Cabot to La P lata, in regard to the m is

management of that exped ition , is printed by H A RR I SSE, Cabot ,

4 17-4 1 9 . See the note under CABOT,NO . 2 3 . (1 79)

ORTELIUS (ABRAHAM) Thea trvm orbis terra rvm

[Co lophon] Antverpim M .D .LXX . (1 80)Fo l io . T 3 7 l l 5 3 double-leafmaps .Thi s i s the fi rst ed ition of a wo rk wh ich ranks second only to

the P tolemie s in the ca rtographic importance of its succeed ingedit ions for the study of the growth of geographica l knowledged uring the 1 6th-1 7th centuries . For a d eta i led bibl iography seeE cclesiae Lond ini-Batavae A rchivum. Tomus primu s. A brahamiOrteli i (Geographia A ntverpiens is) et vi rorum ervd itorvm

epistvlae. Cvm al iqvo t a l i is epistvl is et traétatibvs qvibvsdam

ab vtroqve colleéi is (1 524 - 1 628 ) E d id it Joannes H enr icvs

H essel s .—Cantabr ig iee 1 8 87 (1 8 1 )4 to . Pp i

- lxxv 1 -9 66 portrai t and facsim i les .The b ibliography, pp . xxvi - li , i s based on an essay by D r . P . A .

TH IELE in Bibliog rapb iscbe Admer sa r i a, —Hague, 1 876 , i i i . 8 3 .

ORTEL IU S gives a “ Catalogvs avél orvm tabvlarvm geographi

carvm,

” wh ich conta ins a l ist of the maps consu lted by him .

A mong these is the one by Sebast ianvs Cabotus Venetus describedas NO. 3 9

2.

B I DDLE,No . 2 6 1 , p . 56, a ssumed that the maps in Ortel ius were

influenced by that of Cabot, and suggested variou s su rm ises as to

the probable charaéteristics of Cabot’s map, of which no Copy wasthen,

1 8 3 1 , known . These surmi ses have not been verified by thed iscovery of the mappemonde, NO. 3 9 , now at Pari s .

OVIEDO Y VALDES (GONZ A LO FERN A NDEZ DE)H is tor ia general y natura l de las Ind ias por el capi tanGonz a lo Fernandez de Oviedo y Valdés

, primer cronis tadel nuevo mundo . Publicala la rea l academ ia de la his toria

,

co tejada con c l C6dice original,enr iquecida con las en

miendas y adiciones del au tor,é i lus trada con la vida y

Gabot JBi i ograpbg

el juicio de las obras del m ismo por D . José Amador de los

R ios .—M adr id 1 85 1 - 1855 . (182)

4 vo l s. 4 to . Pp. cxi 6 3 2 ; 5 1 1 ; 6 5 1 ; 6 1 9 ; p lates .The Histor ia Genera l was written a t the command of Charles V .

,

who appointed Oviedo Roya l Chronicler of the Ind ies for thi spurpose . T he firs t nineteen books were written before 1 5 3 2 and

printed at Sevi l le in 1 5 3 5 ; reprinted Sa lamanca , 1 54 7. These include the h is tory of Spanish America to 1 527, but conta in nomen

tion of Sebast ian C abot. The rest of the wo rk rema ined in

manuscript unti l printed by the Span ish A cademy of H i story in1 8 52-5 . See notes to RAMU SIO,

NO. 1 9 2 .

T he important account of Cabot’s exped i tion to La P lata, derived main ly from persona l intercourse w ith A lonso de SANTACRUZ and from other participants in the voyage

,is in lib . xxi i i .

caps . I I-v ; vo l . i i . 1 69-1 80 . See DAHLGREN ,

u nder SANTA CRUZ ,No . 204 . M r . Dah lgren tran slated the descript ive passages intoEngl ish

, pp . 1 8-2 5 , expla ining the c lose agreement between thi sd escription and the map d rawn by Santa C ruz . A nother t ranslat ion of the most important passages i s in HA RRI SSE , Cabot, 20 3 ,228-229 .

OV I EDO describes Cabot as“ buena persona é d iestro en su

ofli gio de la cosmographia y d e hacer una carta universa l de todo e l

o rbe en plano 6 en un cuerpo esphérico pero o tra cosa es mandary gobernar gente que apuntar un quad rante 6 a st ro labio .

PASQUALIGO (LORENZO) [Le t ter to h is bro thers inVen ice—da ted London

,23 Augus t, 14 97. (1 83)

Copied in the manu script D ia r zz ofMAR IN SANUTO , NO . 2 1 0,

preserved in the Marciana Library at Venice, under d ate of 1 1

Oétober, 1 4 97, i . fo l . 374 .

P rinted by RAWDON B ROWN, NO. 1 5 ,—Venice

,1 8 37, pt . i . 99 ;

in SANUTO,D ia r i i ,—Venice, 1 879 , i . 80 6

-808, and in many of thel ater vo lumes d evoted to Cabot .Translated by R AWDON B ROWN, NO. 1 6

,and Ca lenda r (Venice),

1 8 64 , i . 2 62 ; frequently reprinted .

Thi s,the earl iest known descript ion of Cabot’s 1 4 97 voyage

,

was probably written with in a fortnight of the a rriva l in LondonOf the news that the B ri sto l sa i lors had retu rned . Pasqual igo

reports tha t the Venetian, ca l led Zuam Ta lbot,sa id that he had

found the territories of the Gram Cam on the mainland at a d is

tance of700 leagues , having coa sted 3 00 leagues : d ice haver trovatol ige 700 lontam d e qui Terraferma el paexe d el Gram Cam .

A ndato per la costa l ige 3 00 . H e planted a large cross with the

flags of England and the Venetian St . Ma rk. H e d id not see any

people on shore, bu t he brought back to the k ing sna res for catchinggame and a need le for making nets : certi laz i ch’

era testi perprender salvadexine, e uno ago da far rede . From certa in mark s


(tabot JBi i ograpbp

Na ture,or Humane Indus tr ie

,in the same. By Samvel

Pvrchas,Min is te r at Estwood in Essex.

—Lona’on 1 6 1 3

(184 )Folio . T 1 3 11+ pp 1 1 0 l l .

PURCHAS (S AMUE L) Pvrchas h is Pi lgrimage The

second Edi t ion,much enlarged wi th Additions through

the who le Worke—London 1 6 14 . (1 85)Fo l io . T 1 3 l l pp 1 1 8 l l .Reissued the same year wi th a d ifferent title reprinted in 1 6 1 7

as third ed ition,and in 1 62 6 as fourth ed it ion ; see NO. 1 8 6. See

co l lations and notes byWi lberfo rce E ames in SAB IN, D ifl iona ry ofBooks rela ting to Amer ica ,

—Ne<w York, 1 88 6 , xvi . 1 1 2- 1 24 .

C ited as PURC HA S, P ilg r image.

The suggestion that the new world “ might more rightly betermed Cabo tia , or Sebastiana , of Sebastian Cabot,” occurs , perhapsfor the first time

, on p . 60 2 of the 1 6 1 3 ed ition.

The na rratives printed by H AKLUYT are summarized on p . 620

in the second ed it ion, p . 73 8 , Purchas suggests that Cabot mayhave been concerned in the voyage OfThorne and E l iot in 1 527, a s

related by H akluyt .

PURCHAS (S AMUEL ) Haklvytvs Pos thumus or Pvrchas

his P i lgrimes . Contayning a H is tory of the Wor ld,in

Sea voyages,81 lande-T rauells

,by Engl ishmen o thers .

Wherein GodsWonders wtha wor ld of the Wor lds

Rari ties,are by a world of Eywitnesse

-Authors,Re-la ted

to the Wor ld . Some left wri t ten by M”. Hakluy t at h is

death More s ince added, His also perused, perfefted .

A l l examined,abreuiated

,I l lus trated Wth No tes

,Eu

larged wth D is-courses

,Adorned wth

pifi ures,and Expressed

in Mapps . In fower Parts , Each contain ing q e Bookes .

By Samvel Pvrchas,B .D .

—London 1625 . (186)Folio . 4 volumes , described in d etai l by Eames in SAB IN

,as

noted above. Usual ly accompan ied by the 4 th ed i tion of the Pi l

grimage,1 626 (No. which i s genera l ly known as vol . v . of

this set .

C ited as PURC HAS , P i lgr imes .

The Cabot narratives are in

PURCHAS (S AMUEL) Pvrchas his pi lgrimes . in five bookes

T he four th, Engl ish Northerne Nauigations, and

D iscoueries Re la t ions of the Nor th-wes t passage

Gabot Bi bliography

The fifth,Voyages and Trauels to and in the NewWorld

The Th ird Part —London 1625 . (1 87)Fol io . T 1 2 11+ pp 1 34 11 3 maps .

PURCHAS (S AMUE L) Pvrchas his pilgrimes . in five

bookes. The s ixth,Contayn ing English Voyages, to the

Eas t,Wes t

,and South parts of Amer ica : The

n inth,Engl ish P lan ta t ions

,Discouer ies

,Aé’ts

,and Occur

ents,in V irginia and Summer I lands

,The ten th

,

Engl ish D iscouer ies and P lan ta tions in New England,

New-foundland ; wi th the Pa ten t and Voyuges to New

Scot land The Four th Par t—London 1625 (1 88)Fo l io . T 2 11+ pp 1 1 4 1 20 11+ 2 maps .The summa of H AKLUYT

,i ii . 807-80 8 , is supplemented by

“the wordes o the great Map of which Seba stian Cabot is

often therein ca l led the A uthour , and his P iéi ure i s therein d rawne,w ith thi s Tit le, Efli g ies (see No . 52 ) Thi s Map , some saywas taken ou t of Sir Seb . Cabots M ap by C lem . A dams 1 54 9 .

Sir Sebastian Cabo t,for his Engli sh breed ing, conditions, atfec

t ion and aduancement, termed an Eng l i sh man.

”

Th is map and portra it in the roya l pr ivy gal lery a re again te

ferred to,iv. 1 8 1 2

,in connefi ion with the account of the Pe rt 1 5 1 6

voyage.

RAGUSAN (T I-I E).

See MAR INO D1 BU C IGNOLO,No . 1 58, and the notes to CONTA

R INI,No . 76 , and VENICE , No . 2 25 .

RAIMONDO D I SONCINO . [Dispatch to the DukeOfM ilan

,—London

,24 Augus t, 14 97. (189)

Two versions of the extra& from this report wh ich relate to

Cabot are printed by HA R R I S SE , 7. et S . Cabot, 3 2 3 one of these,

he suggests in h is Ca bot, 3 9 1 , may be a rendering into I ta l ian fromRAWDON BROWN’

S E ngl ish t ranslation,in Ca lenda r (Venice) , i .

260,made by Sig . BULLO, Vera Pa tr ia , 60 . The origina l manu

script i s in the A rchives of the Sforza, at M i lan .

The M ilanese agent reported tha t a Venetian mariner of repute,sent out some months previously by the E ngl ish k ing , had foundtwo fine i s land s , and the seven ci ties, 4 00 leagues west of England ,and that the k ing p lanned a new exped it ion with 1 5 or 20 shipsuno Veneciano el que l e mo lto bono marina te et a bona scient ia d et rovare insule nove a ritrovato due insule nove grand iss imeet fruc

'

i iffere et et iam trova to le septe citade lontane da l’insula deIngliterra lege 4 00 per lo camino d e ponente .

A comparison of RAWDON BROWN’S translation, reprinted in

G

!abot Bibl iography

Amer ica n H istory Leaflet, ix. 6-7, with tha t ofMARKHAM ,No . 4 5 1 ,

p . 20 2, is suggestive : a lso translated by B EAZLEY

, No . 2 56 , p .

6 2 .

RAIMONDO D I SONCINO [D ispa tch to the DukeofMi lan .

—London,1 8 December

,14 97. (190)

Origina l manuscript in the State A rchives , M i lan, Potenz e Estere,Ingnilterra 1 4 97. decemb.

Printed in the Annua r io Scientifico del 1 865,—Mi lan

,1 866

, p .

700 ; correél ed in DE SIMONI , No . 3 29 ,—Genoa , 1 88 1

, pp . 5 3-5 5 .

A translation by P rofessor B . H . Nash in W INSOR,Amer ica ,

i i i . 54 55 , has been frequently reprinted .

This is the most impo rtant s ingle narrative of the Cabot d i scovery . The M i lanese agent repo rted what he had learned frompersona l interviews w ith the poor but ski lfu l Venetian Zoanne

Caboto : uno popula re Venetiano de gentile ingenio, per i t iss imo dela navigatione a lienigena et povero . Cabot sa id thatthe newly d iscovered i sland s acqu ired by Spa in and Portuga l hadsuggested to him the poss ib i l ity of a s imi lar achievement on beha lfOf E ngland . H e sai led wi th a l ittle ship , fitted out from B ri stol

,

and eighteen men,chiefly Engl i sh

,a lthough them was probably one

Burgund ian and possibly a Genoese barber o r su rgeon. Steeringwestward s from B risto l

,beyond I reland

,he tu rned no rth , laying h is

course E astward s not a m istake for westerly, but in a ll probabi l ity meaning “towa rd s the E astern countries —keeping the northsta r for a whi le on hi s right. A fter much tossing about, he h itupon ma inland

,of wh ich he took possession by rai s ing the roya l

banner : passato I bernia p iiI occid enta le, e po i a lzatosi verso el

septentr ione, comenciOad nav igat e ale parte o rienta le , laSsandos i(fra qua lche giorni ) la tramontana ad mano d rita

,et havendo assa i

errato,infine Capi toe in terra et preso certi segna l i, se ne re

tornato . H e colleéi ed a few obj erf‘

ts and retu rned to E ngland ,where he showed where he had been on a map of the world and on

a globe which he had made,—see NO. Cabot and his Engli sh

companions agreed in say ing that they found the sea ful l of fishes,

wh ich cou ld be caught w ith nets,or even with a basket sunk by a

stone, so that thi s region was l ikely to supplant the trad e to Icelandfor stockfish . The country was sa id to be good , and temperate,and they thought that Brazi l wood and si lk grew there : et d icono

Che la 6 terra optima et temperata, et estimanno che vi nasca el

bras ilio et le sete, et afl'

ermanno che uel lo ma re e Coperto de pessiet questo io lho o ld i to narra t e a d iéi o messer Zoanne. Not

content w ith thi s fi sh ing trad e , Cabot, who had seen a t Mecca the

ca ravans bringing good s of the far E ast,hoped to fo l low the coast

to C ipango-Japan , where he expeéi ed to find a l l the spices and

precious stones . T he k ing prom i sed CabOt some sh ips for a new

exped ition, and al l the conviéts for a co lony in the new land . The

d i scoverer in princely fash ion had presented an i sland to his Bu r


Gabot Bi bliography

read s : Stampato in Vineg ia ,nel mese d i Decembre, De l . 1 534 ;

and at the end of the th ird part In Vineg ia , Del mese d ’

Ottobre .

MDXXX I I I I .

The second part is t itled : Svmmario de la natvra le et genera lh isto ria de l’Ind ie occidental i , composta d a Gonza lo ferd i-nandod el Ouiedo . The third is : Libro vltimo d el svmma rio d elle ind ieOC c idem ta li .Reprinted in the th ird volume of RAMU SIO

’

S Na v iga tioni, No .

1 9 6 .

The Cabot narrative, clearly based upon that in MARTYR , Dec .

I I I . l ib . vi . (see notes to No . 1 59 ) i s on 1. H ere , however,the pene infans passage i s expanded by the information that “ dapoi la morte d el quale (suo pad re) trouandos i ricchissimo, d i

grfide animo,d elibero s i come hauea fatto Chri stophoro Co lombo

vo ler anchor lu i scopri re qualche nuoua pa rte d el mondo .

” The

reference to westward currents i s omitted , and i ts place supp liedby a much more v ivid d escription of the catching of fish by bea rs .See note under CHAUVETON

,NO. 73 .

The interna l evi dence of thi s passage afford s l ittle help towa rdthe so lution of a problem whose importance it Clearly suggestswhether, as M . d ’A vez ac suggested in his Anne

'

e Ve'

r ita ble de la

Na issance de Colomb,—Pa r is, 1 873 , p. 1 0, n. 8 , portions of the manyother private accounts which are ment ioned in the title were incorpora ted into the text of th i s trans lation from P eter Martyr byR amus io

,who has been accepted as the probable ed itor of thi s

Summa r io(seeHARRI SS E, Colomb, i . 9 2 o r whether, as M r . J . C .

B revoo rt suggested in a note inWINSOR , Amer ica , ii i . 20 , th is I ta l iansummary is another and earlier fo rm of the materia l which Ma rtyrrearranged for his volume printed in 1 5 1 6 , No . 1 59 . Neithera lternative throws much l ight on the questions, most important tothe students of Cabot, as to whence thi s add itional info rmation was

derived .The statements seem to come , more or les s ind ireétly ,

from an eyewitness , presumably through Sebastian Cabot . But

how conveyed , and whether befo re 1 5 1 5 or before 1 5 34 , is not

apparent .

RAMUSIO (GIOVANN I B A TT I STA ) Pr imo Volvme del leNavigationi et V iaggi nel qval s i cont iene la Descr ittione

del l ’ Afr ica E t la Nau igatione a t torno i l mondo.

Venetia MDL . (193 )

Fo lio . T 3 l l 11 1 -4 0 5 .

R eprinted as

RAMUSIO (GIOVANN I B A T T I STA ) Pr imo vo lume,et

Seconda editione in mol ti lvogh i corre t ta,et am

pliata . Aggiuntou i di nuouo Tre T auole d i

Ga bot Bibliography 85

Geographia in d isegno—[Colophon] Venetia

Luc’ Antonio Giun t i , nel mese di Marz o . M DLI I I I . (1 94 )Fo l io . T 3 l l + 11 1 -3 4 1 -4 36 3 maps.R eprinted in 1 56 3 , 1 588 1 60 6 , and 1 6 1 3 , the text t e

maining Virtua l ly unchanged from the second ed ition . The woodcu t maps of 1 5 54 were replaced by copper engravings, which are

often not found in copies having thei r origina l b indings . A port ionof this vo lume

,2 57 pages , was reprinted with the imprint Venez ia

,

co’ tipi d i Lu igi Plet, MDC CCXXXVI I .In 1 56 3 the name of Ramus io

,who died in 1 5 59 , appeared on

the title a s ed itor .The tanta l izing conversation wi th an anonymou s guest a t the

house of Hieronimo Fracastor ”

at Gaphi nea r Verona , occupiesl l . 4 1 3 -4 1 5 the Cabot passage i s on l l . 4 1 4 D-

4 I 5A . A number ofChanges , chiefly verbal, were made in the text of thi s conversationas reprinted in the succeed ing ed it ions, which were ed ited fromR amu sio

’

s manuscripts and notes by Toma so G iunti , T he mostinterest ing of these i s the add it ion of the word Mantou ano ,

”of

Mantua,to the introdué

‘

to

gycharaéi er iz ation of the informant . E DEN

,

translating thi s narrat ive or his Deca des of 1 555 , rewrote the heading to read , 1. 24 9 A lso of the vyage to Cathay and E a stInd ia by the north sea : A nd of certeyne secreates touchynge the

same vyage, declared by the duke of Moscou ie his ambassadou re

to an excel lent lerned gentelman of I ta l ie,named Galeatius

Butrigarius . Lykewyse of the vyages of that woorthy owlde man

Sebastian Cabote H AKLUYT borrowed E den’ s trans lation forh is Voyages, i i i . 6

-7, a l though he u sed the marginal reference ,

“taken ou t of the second vo lume of ye

voyages of Bapti staRamu sius ,

”and a ltered the t itle

, to read A d i scourse of Sebastian Cabot vsed to Ga leac ius Butrigarius the Popes Legatein Spaine, and repo rted by the sayd Legate in thi s so rt .”H A RRI SSE , in h is 7. et S . Ca bot, 3 3 8 , and more ful ly in hi s Ca bot,

4 63 -4 6 5 , shows conclu sively that inasmu ch as Ga leazzo Bottrigarior Butrigario d ied in 1 5 1 8 , before the d ate of events which Cabot i sreported to have d escribed to the Mantuan gentleman

,

” thesetwo could not have been the same person. H arrisse a l so find s noreason for accepting, with Deane inW INSOR

, Amer ica , i i i . 2 6, thea rguments ofBULLO and DES IMONI , who have tried to prove thattheMantuan wa s G ianG iacomo Bardolo .

The date of the reported interview at Caphi i s fixed byD

’A V EZAC

,in a carefu l study of the passage in the Remue Cr itique,

v . 2 6 5, a s approx imately 1 54 4 or 1 54 5 .

The report of this conversation is the most perplex ing s inglepiece of inforrnation rega rd ing the Cabots . The style in which iti s recorded , the apparently d ireéi persona l intercourse between the

severa l communicants, the u se of the rheto rica l present tense whichseems to give the exaét word s u sed by Cabot, the evident reSpeé

'

ta

b ility and au thori ty Of the unnamed gentleman,and even the osten

ta tious d isavowal of any pretentions to exaél recolle& ion—al l these

86 Gabot Bibliographyfaél s tend to obscu re the abso lu te unrel iab il ity of the enti re passage .

The length of t ime that had elapsed , the absence of anything whichmight have fixed the spec ific deta ils Clea rly In the memory

,the

very em inence of ind ivid ual s wh ich has so often been held to re l ievethem from the necessity of d eta iled exaaness , the essentia l levity of

the occasion when Ramu s io received the information, need to be

cons idered , together w ith the most important faét of a ll, that Cabot,the Mantuan, and Ramu sio were each

,on every occas ion when the

information was t ransm i tted,chiefly interested in something —the

best way to reach the Sp ice land s from E urope—which had onlythe slightest conneéi ion with the d etai ls over wh ich the modernhi storica l controvers ies abou t Cabot have ra .gedRamus io reports that d uring a pause in the ir conversation, the

Mantuan gentleman—vn genti l ’ huomo , grand issimo philosopho ,8c mathematico I l nome d e l qua le per suoi ri spett i non s i d ice—asked if they were unawa re Of the achievements Of a very em inentVenetian l iving in Spa in : qu e l che fece (E DEN a s dyd of lategia vn vostro Cittad ino Venetiano

, ch e cos i va lente prat icod el le cose pertinenti a l la nau igatione , a l la cosmograph ia , ch

’in

Spagna al presente non v’

e vn suo pari , 85 la sua vi rtu l ’ha fattopreporre a tutt i l i pi lotti che nau igano a l l

’I nd ie occidental i . H e

proceeded to tel l them that when he was in Sevi l le a few years prev iously , he sought the acquaintance of this man, Sebast iano C aboto,who met him cou rteously and showed him,

among other things ,the map described as NO . 4 2 r itrouandosi gia a lcun i anni (EDEN,beinge cer teyne yeat es in Siu ile nel la C itta d i Siu iglia , 85 d es i

d erando d i saper d i qlle nau igation i d i Cast igl iani , g li fu d etto ,

che v’

era vn g téi va lent ’ huomo Venetiano Che hauea’ l carico

d i quel le i l qua l sapena fa r carte marine d i s ua mano, Sc in

tend eu a l ’ arte d el nau igare p iu ch’ a lcun a ltro lo troua i vuagenti l i ssima persona cortese. Cabot said that h is father had leftVenice many years before and settled in London as a merchant, hebeing st i l l very young , a lthough he had stud ied the humanitiesand geography . His father d ied about the t ime that the E ngl ishcou rt began to d iscuss the news of Co lumbus wonderfu l d i scovery .

Feel ing a desire to achieve someth ing equal ly great,he convinced

H enry VI I . by means of the globe that there was a shorter rou tewestward to the Ind ies . In the early summer Of 1 4 9 6

—(E DENinterpo lated , “

as fa rre a s I remember . R AMU SIO,at the be

g inning of his report of the who le conversation,wrote I l qua l

rag ionamento non m i basta l ’ animo d i poter scriuer cos i pa rtico larmente com

’io 10 vd i

, perche v isaria d i bi sogno a ltro ingegno,

a l tra memoria,che non é la m ia , purm i sfo rz erO sommariamente,

come per capi d i recita r quel C lie m i potro ricordare)—the k ingfu rn ished him with two wel l equ ipped caravel s w i thwh ich he sa i ledwestwa rd s , expeél ing to reach Cathay and thence to proceed to

Ind ia : comincia i a nauigar verso maes tro, pensando d i non

trouar terra se non quel la doue e i l Cata io, 85 d i l i poi vo lta r verso

le Ind ie . The land which he came upon trended northward , andhe fo l lowed this, in the hope of find ing a passage to the west , as


Gabot Bibl iography

Fo l io . T 2 l l l l 2-28 1 - 1 56 .

“Nvova ed itione accrescivto,”

1 573 third ed it ion,wi th further

add itions , 1 58 3 reprinted , 1 60 6,in which yea r, for the only time

,

the three vo lumes appea red together wi th the same imprint.The ed ition of 1 58 3 conta ined fo r the first time : Navigatione

d i Sebast iano Cabota D iscoprimento del mare settentriona les ino al gran fiume Obbo

,fatto d el mese d i Maggio del 1 556 ; 11.

2 1 1 -2 1 9 . Th is agrees , fo r the most part , wi th the Na v ig a tion of

BURROUGH S,No . 1 8

,but the d ifferences are such as cou ld only

have resu lted from independent Copies of an origina l jou rna l , o rfrom the logs of d ifferent sa i l ing masters . There i s a short introdué

’

tion, which shows mu ch classica l learning, presumably writtenby the Ita lian ed itor

,and which conta ins the reasons u rged by

Cabot in favour of thi s north-eas t exped ition, whence the misleading head ing . (1 9 5

3

)A reference to this narrative , verba l ly correé’t, in LEON P INELO,

Biblioteca,No . 4 3 6,

—Ma dr id , 1 629 , p . 4 5 , led his cont inuator, theMarques de TORRE-NUEVA

,Bibl ioteca a fiad ido y enmenda do,

Madr id,1 737, i . C01. 377, into the statement

,l ikew i se correé

’

t,that

this narrative of Sebastian‘s voyage was printed in I ta l ian in 1 5 8 3 .

Leon P inelo in 1 62 9 having a l so stated, presumably cor reél ly, that

thi s Cabot narra tive wa s written in Engl ish,therefore NAVARRETE

,

No . 4 66,—Ma dr id , 1 8 5 1 , i i . 69 8, cred i ted him w ith the statement

tha t Sebast ian wro te an account of the voyage of 1 4 97, which wasprinted in Engli sh and a lso in I tal ian in 1 58 3 . (1 9 5

b )

RAMUSIO (GIOV A NN I B A TT IST A ) Terz o Vo lvme de l leNavigationi et V iaggi nel qvale s i con tengono Le Nau iga

tioni al Mondo Nnono,a l l i Ant ichi incogni to

,fa t te da

Don Chr is toforo Co lombo con gli acquis t i fat t i dalu i

,E t accresciu t i poi da a l tri va loros i Capi tani , in

d iuerse part i del le det te Indie Le Nauigation i fa t tedipoi a lle de t te Indie, pos te nel la par te ve rso Maes tro T ra

mon tana,de t te hora la Nvova Francia, SCOper te a l Re

Chr istianiss . la pr ima vo l ta da Ber toni St No rmandi,E t

d ipo i da Giouann i da Verraz z ano Si come d imos trano le diuerse Re lation i

,trado t te di l ingua Spagnuolo

Francese nel la nostra—Venetia MD L V I . (1 96)Fol io . T 11 2-6 1 -34 1 -4 56 . The pagination includes

7 fo lded maps .Reprinted in 1 56 5 , and wi th addit ions in 1 60 6 .

The Svmma r io of 1 5 34 const i tutes the first part of this thirdvo lume, the Cabot passage being on 11. 3 5-3 6, wi th a separate heading : Come Sebastian gabat to Vinitiano partitos i d

’

I nghi lter ra per

Scopri r nuoue terre in certo luoco tronO la tramontana Sopra d iseeleuata . 55 . grad i , la notte in quel luoco non es ser sim i le a l le

Cabot Bibl iography 89

nostre, 8: in che modo gli ors i faccino la caccia con cert i pesc i grand i

dett i bacca la i .In the prel iminary D isco rso, l . 4 , Ramu sio remarks that he d id

nor know whether there was an Open water passage through to

Cathay north of “as was written to me many years ago by

Sebastian Gabotto , a great cosmographer, who sai led beyond New

France under H enry VI I I . A nd he told me tha t having sai leda long t ime west and by north

,

”

to and find ing the sea st il lopen on June 1 1

,he had hoped to fo l low tha t rou te to Cathay, but

the sa ilo rs refused to continue : m i d iceua, come es sendo egl iand ato lungam

‘

é’

te a l la vo l ta d i ponente 85 qua rta d i Maestro d ietroqueste I sole poste l tigo la detta tet ra fino a grad i sessantasette 8cmezzo sotto i l nostro po lo, a

’xi . d i G iugno , 8c t rouandosi i l mare

aperto, 8c senza imped imento a lcuno, pensaua fermamente p que l lavia d i poter passare a l la vo lta d e l Ca ta io Orienta le, 8c 1’ hau rebbefatto

,se la ma l igni ta del pad rone 85 d e marinari so l lenati non

l ’ hauessero fatto tornare a d iet ro .

A n adm irable b ibl iography of the Ramus io co lleftion, withcarefu l co l lations and an inventory of the contents o f the respeétive

volumes, by W i lberforce E ames,is in SAB IN,

D ictiona ry of Booksrela ting to Amer ica ,

-Ne<w York,1 886, xvi . 3 0 3

-

3 1 6.

RASTELL (JOHN).The NEW I NTERLUDE OF THE FOU R E LEMENTS , NO. 5 ,shou ld have been described at thi s place, accord ing to BALE, whostates that RA STELL wa s the autho r ; Summa r ium,

fo . See

a note on the au thorship of thi s pamphlet , by P rofesso r J . M .

Manly in the yourna l ofGermanic P/zilology, —Bloomington, Ind iana ,1 899 , i i . 4 25

-6 .

RIBAULT (JE AN) The VVhole and true discouer ie of

Terra F lorida, (engl ished the F lorishing lande . ) C on-teyn

ing as we l l the wonderfu l] s traunge na-tures and maners

of the people, wi th the mer-ueylous commod i t ies and

t reasures Of the country : A s a lso the pleasaunt Portes,Hauens

,and wayes therevnto Neuer founde out before the

last yere 1 562. Wri t ten in Frenche by Capta ine Ribau ldthe fyrs t tha t whollye discouered the same . A nd nowe

newly set forthe in Englishe the . xxx of May. 1 563London (197)

Sma l l 8vo . T 2 2 l l .R eprinted in H AKLUYT , Div er s Vg iages , pp . 9 1

- 1 1 5 in H ak luytSociety , 1 8 50 , ed ition and in B . F . FRENC H , Histor ica l Collet‘l ionsof Louisiana and Flor ida

,—Nefw York, 1 875 , i i . 1 59

- 1 90 .

The d ate 1 4 98 i s given, for the fi rst t ime in a printed account ofa C abot voyage , on l . sig . A i ij , p . 9 2 of 1 8 50 ed ition.

90 Cabot Bi bl iography

RIBEIRO (DIEGO) Car ta Un iversa l en que se cont ienetodo lo que de l mundo Se ha descubier to fas ta Agora :H iz ola D iego Ribero Cosmographo de Su Mages tad Ano

de 1 529 . (198)Manu script map, x cmm . (H arrisse) or ft .

(Lelewel) . In the Grand D uca l Library at Weimar.A nother examp le of thi s map, wi th a sim ilar inscript ion , except

for the add itiona l word s, en Sevi l la, following the date , i s in the

Library of the P ropaganda a t Rome . I t measu res nea rly a th irdlarger than the Weimar map .

The Weimer map was d escribed , with a ful l-s ize facs imi le incolours of the American portion, in KOH L ,Die beid en filtesten genera l-karten von Amerika -Weima r , 1 8 60 .

(1 9 9 )Large fo l io . 2 T pp v

-x 1 - 1 8 5 2 facsimi les .Both are d iscu ssed by H A RR I SSE, D iscov ery , 569

-575 . There

are cop ies from the maps in SP RENGEL , Ueber 7. Riber o’s a'

ltestecwelt-cba rte,—Weima r , 1 79 5, and in hi s t ransla tion of MUNOZ ,Gescbic/zte der neuenWelt

,—Weima r , 1 79 5 in

sec . 1 72 and 204 , Atla s, planches xl i-x li i and p . 30 ; and in va riou sbooks about Verrazano .

A map, Clea rly akin to the R ibei ro in the P ropagand a, is p reserved in theG rand D uca l Library atWo lfenbii ttel : see H ARR I SSE

,

Discov ery , 5 80 58 I .

A t the north of the Weimar map, ju st above Tiera d el Labrador

,i s the legend E sta t ierra d escubrierO los Ingleses no ay en

el la co sa d e prouecho . In the Rome map , thi s read s los Inglesesd e la ni l la d e bri stol . H arr isse states tha t this “

c learly ind icatesthe d iscovery accompli shed by John Cabot, but ascribed by R iberoto Sebastian ,

who was in ’1 52 9 hi s superio r in the service of the

Cast illian C rown, and from whom he certa inly gathered most ofh is d ata concerning the north-eas tern regions .

RODAS (MIGUEL DE ) .ROJAS or ROXAS (FRANC I SCO DE ) .

The d epos itions of the severa l parties to the lawsui ts whichfo l lowed Cabot ’ s retu rn from h is expedit ion to La P lata are de

scribed as Nos . 2 3 -37.

ROMANIN (S AMUELE ) S toria documen ta ta d i Venez iadi S . Romanin—Venez ia 1 853

- 1 86 1 ) (200 )8vo . 1 0 volumes .See note und er VENI C E , NO. 2 24 , for a Cabot document fi rs t

printed in thi s wo rk, iv . 4 5 3 .


Cabot Bibl iography

Folio . 20 volumes .The third ed ition , wi th an Abrege

’

bistor igue by J . Le C lerc, cont inned by P . Rapin Thoyras , wa s printed—Hag ee Comi tis, 1 73 9

1 74 5, fo l io, 1 0 volumes . R eprinted by the Commi ssioners on the

Public Record s, London,1 8 1 6.

A sy l labu s in Engl i sh , with an exhau stive index prepared by Mr .

H ardy,was printed—London, 1 8 69 , 1 873 , 1 885 .

See references under HENRY VI I NO. 1 3 6 ; E DWARD VI ., No .

9 9 ; and MARY TUDOR, No . 1 67.

s . (F.

See notes under MARTYR,No. 1 62 , for the map dedicated by

F. G . S . to R ichard H ak luyt in 1 587. I t i s probable, howeve r,that the S. merely stand s for Sa luta t, the au thor being F . G .

SAMANO (JUAN DE).Sebastian Cabot ’ s letter to Samano

,the secretary of Charles V . ,

i s NO. 3 8 . I t i s probable that some of the letters d escribed as fromthe Emperor—Nos. 66-72

—were prepared by his secreta ry .

SANTA CRUZ (ALONSO DE) Nova verior et in tegratotivs orbis descr Iptio nvnc pr imvm in lvcem ed i ta per

A lfonsvm de Sanéi a C rvz Caesar is Charoli .V . archicos

mographvm . A .D . M .D .XL I I . (203 )World map on three conneél ed sheets of parchment, measu ring

79 cmm., in the Roya l Libra ry a t Stockho lm . I t i s d rawn

in two hemi spheres, each composed Of 3 6 gores, the who le repre

senting a globe wi th a rad iu s of cmm . The fa& that thehem ispheres are surrounded by a border

,20 mm . wide, shows tha t

the gores were not intended to be cu t out for pasting on a globe,bu t tha t thi s construétion was adopted a s a d evice for securing a

rea l istic projefl ion on a p lane surface.

The Sheets have been reproduced in facsimi le inMap o f the world by the Spani sh Cosmographer A lonzo de SantaC ru z 1 54 2 reproduél ion in phototyp ic facsimi le by the print ingoffi ce of the Swed ish Staff-Genera l with exp lanations by E . W .

Dahlgren—Stockbolm,1 8 9 2 . (204 )

Imperia l 4 to . 2 T 1 l 5 double sheet facsimi les . Textroya l 8vo . 2 T pp 3

-4 7. 1 00 COpies.

Th is i s the only examp le Of a mappemonde d rawn by Santa C qwh ich has yet been brought to l ight and id entified . A lthough theauthor accompanied Cabot to La P lata in 1 52 6 , the map showsnoth ing of the region traversed by Cabot ’ s exped i tion which i s noton R ibei ro ‘s maps of 1 529 . The name

“ R . d la P lata, ” hOW

ever, appears on th is map for the fi rst time. A s compared wi ththe 1 54 4 Cabot map, the Santa C ruz map presents the outline of

Cabot Bibliography 9 3

La Plata in much more rea l ist ic form , showing clear] tha t i t d idnot serve as a model for the 1 544 map . The genera type of the

river bas in in the two i s nevertheless the same .

T he description of the region v isited by Cabot in 1 52 6 , as g ivenby OV IEDO

,No . 1 82 , from information d erived verbal ly from Santa

C ruz, i s in agreement a t every essentia l point w ith the d etai ls onthis Santa C ruz map. This agreement i s treated a t length by M r .

Dahlgren in his explanato ry text, wh ich is a mode l of intel l igentand scholarly cartographic ed it ing . In M r . Dahlgren’ s Opin ion,the Santa C ruz gores represent the nearest approach, yet known tostud ents

,to the Officia l Pad ron R ea l

,the great map upon which

the Spani sh hyd rograph ic and navigat ion board recorded the mostcomp lete and most au thentic information a t its command concerning the newly d iscovered portions of the wo rld .

SANTA CRUZ (ALONSO DE ) Libro de las Longi tudesy manera que has ta agora se ha tenido en c l arte denavegar

,con sus demonstraciones y ejemplos, dedicado a

Fe l ipe I I . (205 )Manu script in the B ibl ioteca Nac iona l at Mad rid

,Aa 97.

In thi s undated work, prepa red for the use of the k ing, Santa

C ruz quotes “ the method of Sebastian Caboto , P i lo t-Major to HisMajesty in England , for Obta in ing the longitude [at sea] by meansof the d eclination of the s un

,a s communicated by a certa in person

to Ph i l ip I I . H A RRI SSE , Ca bot, 4 54-4 56 , prints the Spanish text,

with an E ngl i sh translation on pp . 3 0 2-30 6 . By means of an

elaborate mathematica l ana lys is and i llu stration of this method, Mr.

B arrisse becomes convinced that “the error in longitude , when

fol lowing Cabot’ s method , wou ld have aétually reached s ixtyd egrees, that is , one-s ixth of the C ircumference of the globe

,

”

p . 308 .

SANTA CRUZ (ALONSO DE) E l yslar io genera l de todaslas ys las del mondo endresgado ala S . C . C . Mag

' del

Emperador y Rey nues tro Seiior, por A lonso de Sané’ta

Cruz,su Cosmografo maior—1 560. (206)

Manuscr ipt Copies of thi s work a re preserved in the Besangon

C ity Library, No . 4 60 (1 24 l l . 4 to ) and in the Imperia l Library atVienna

,MSS . Cod . Pa l . Vindal ., Nos . 5 54 2 and 71 9 5 (2 copies ) . A

modern transcript belonging to Mr. B arrisse is mentioned in hi sD iscov ery, p . 62 1 . See NAVARRETE

,Opuscular—Madr id, 1 84 8 , i i .

8 2,for a note on a copy that cannot now be found .

E xtraéi s from th is Tsla r io,d escribing Cabot ’ s explo rat ion of La

P lata , in which Santa C ruz pa rt icipated , are printed by HARR I SSE,

4 09-4 1 1 . The deta i ls in this passage , added to tho se com

municated by Santa Cruz to OV IEDO,NO. 1 82 , a re the ch iefmeans

for an intel ligible interpretation of the geographica l resul ts of thatexploration.

Cabot B ibl iography

The d epos ition made by Santa Cruz on board the ship SantaMaI ia del E spinar, at Sevi l le, 28 Ju ly , 1 5 30 . in reply to questionsconcerning the manner in which Cabot had cond uéted the exped itionto La P lata , is printed in HA RR I SSE , Ca bot, 4 1 9

-4 22 . See note to

CABOT, No . 2 3 . (207)

SANTA CRUZ (FRA NCISCO DE) .The Informa cion ped ida por Santa C ru z contra Sebast ian

Caboto—Segov ia , 1 5 3 2 , is described as NO. 1 2 .

SANTAREM (MANUEL FR ANCISCO D E B ARROS E SOUS A )A t las composé dc mappemondes

,dc por tu lans et dc cartes

hydrographiques ct his toriques depuis le v i e jusqu’

au

xvi ie s icclc, pour la plupar t inédi tes, devan t servir dc preuvesa l

’

histoirc dc la cosmographie ct dc la car tographic pendant le moyen age ct a cel lc dcs progrés dc la géographie

recuei l lies c t gravées sous la dircéfion du Vicomtedc Santarem. Publ ié sous les auspices du gouvernemen tpor tugais—P a r is, MDCCCXL IX [ 1 84 2 (208)

Imperia l fo l io . 2 T 5 1] plates .There is a carefu l col la t ion Of this wo rk , which conta ins adm irable

facsim i les of the more important maps that Show the cartographica lhisto ry of the Cabot d iscoveries, in SAB IN , Dici ionary of Books r e

la ting to Amer ica ,New York

,1 889 , xvi ii . 4 8 8-4 97.

SANUTO (LI V IO) Geografia di M . Livio Sanvto d istin tain xi i l ib ri . N c quali

,Ol tra l’csplicationc di mol t i luoghi

di To lomeo,e della B usso la

,c del l’ Aguglia

,Si dichiarano

de l l ’ Afr ica—Vineg ia , M .D .LxxxvrI r. (209)Fol io . T 2 3 11 11 1 - 1 4 6 1 2 maps .The Cabot voyage described in the preface to RAMU SIO, No .

1 9 6 , is apparently referred to in pt . i . , l ib . ii ., fol . 17. The statement from which , accord ing to HARRI SSE

, Ca bot, 2 89-29 1 , and

4 65 , has been d erived the Claim that Sebastian d iscovered the d ecl ina tion and variat ion of the magnetic need le

,which he described

in the presence of E dward V I . Of England,i s in l ib . i . , fol . 2 . Fo r

the reference to a map d rawn by Cabo t in London, see No . 4 7.

Compare H ARR I S SE’

S account of th is book with the d escriptionin STEVENS , Bibl iotheca Geog rapbica , —London, 1 872 , i . 282-2 8 3 ;reprinted in part in SAB IN, Dittionary of Books r ela ting to Amer ica

,

xvi II . 504 -50 5 .

SANUTO (MAR I NO) I diarII d i Marino Sanuto publicato

pcr cura d i Feder ico S tefan i [Guglielmo Bercher,N ico lo

Baroz z i,Marco A l legriJ—Venez ze , MDCCCLXX IX

(2 1 0 )


96 Cabot Bibl iography

shows that thi s importa tion of na tives was probably made by theB ristol Portuguese exped ition of 1 50 2 ; and that Stow or Fabyandoubtles s thoughtlessly inserted Cabot s name .

Sebast ian Cabottc is ment ioned in conneétion w ith the exped it ionto Muscovia in 1 5 52 , on p . 1 0 57.

In the ed ition of 1 6 3 1 , p . 4 80 , the Cabot voyage of d iscovery isd ated

,by a m isprin t , s imi la r to that in the passage quoted above,

1 4 8 9 .

STRACHEY (WI L L I AM ) The firs t Booke of the his tor icof T rauai le in to V irgin ia B ri tania expressing the Cosmo

graphic 8: comoditics Of the coun try,togithcr w i th the

manners and customes of the People : ga thered 86 Oh

scrucd aswel l by those who went firs t thi ther as Col leCIed

by Wi l l iam S trachey,Gen t . (21 3)

Manuscripts, in the B riti sh Museum,London

,Sloane Colleéi’ion,

NO . 1 62 2 ; in the Bod leian Library at Oxford , Asbmolean Manu

scr ipts, NO. 1 754 .

P rinted by the H ak luyt SocietyThe h istoric Of trava i le now first ed i ted

Major—London M .D CC C .XL IX .

8V0 . 2 T 2 11 pp i-xxxvi 1 -20 3 map 6 plates .

The account Of Cabot, on pp . 6-7, 1 84 9 ed ition,gives the inter

esting,a lthough unsupported , info rmation that . K ing H enry

7. gave his letters pattentes A °14 9 5 . vuto John Cabot, a vene

tian (indeniz ed h is Subj eél , 8c dwel l ing wth in the B lack friers)

TA ISNIER OHANNE S).

The t itle OfTA I SNIER’

s Opv scv lvmde na tv ra magnetis , Colonia,

1 562 , to the transla tion of wh ich E D EN add ed some curiou s informa

t ion regard ing Sebast ian Cabot ’ s sc ient ific theo ries,i s quoted as

No . 98 .

THEVET (ANDRE) Le grand Insu laire ct P i lo tage d’

André

Thcuet Angoumo is in Cosmographc du Roy . (2 1 5 )Manu script in the B ibl iothéque Nationale a t Pari s ,fondsfranfa is,

No .

W ri tten between 1 54 5 and 1 558 ; see H A RRI SSE ,7. et S . Cabot,

34 3 34 4 . Ca bot. 4 66 4 67T he northern l im it of the Venetian voyage under Henry VI I . of

England 15 g iven as 67° in vol . i . fo l . 1 4 3 .

THEVET (ANDRE) Les Singvlar i-tez dc la Fran-cc

antaré’tiqvc, av-trcment nommée Amer ique : 8: dc plusieurs

Gabot Bibliography 97

Terres 8c Is les dc-couuertes dc nos tre temps . Par F .

André Thenet—P a r is,1 558 . (2 16)

4 to . T 7 l l + ll 1 -1 66 2 l l .Some Copies appear to have been issued wi th the ti tle dated 1 557.

Reprinted in Antwerp the same year and aga in,with notes by

Pau l Gaffarel ,—Pa r is , 1 878 . Translated into I ta l ian,—Venice,

1 56 1 ; reissued wi th a new title and preface in 1 584 : and intoEngl i sh—London, 1 568.

The account of Sebastian Babate A nglois, on fol . 14 8, or cap .

74 , may have been derived from the same sources as GOMARA ’

S

Cabot narrat ive, bu t can hard ly have been a mere perversion or re

writ ing of that account . Thevet i s the authority for the reportthat Cabot settled 300 men on the coast of the new world , most ofwhom d ied of cold , in Ju ly il se prOposoit a l ler au Peru 86Amerique, pour peupler 8c d resser lZI vne nouuel lc A ngleterre .

Ce qu ’

i l n ’

executa : vray est qu ’

i l m ist bien troi s cens hommes enterre

,du costé d

’I rlande au No rt, ou le froid fist mou ri r presque

toute sa compagnie, encores que cc fu st au moys d e Iuillet .The advocates of an Iceland ic voyage by Cabot have apparently

not yet noticed the very reasonab le probab i li ty that I reland in thi spa ssage is plainly a mi sprint for I celand .

HA RR I SSE, 7. et S . Cabot, 270, p laces thi s expedition at abou t

1 50 3 .

THEVET (ANDRE) La cosmogra-ph ie vn iverselle d

’

André

Theve t cosmo-graphe dv roy . illustrec dc d iverses figvres

dcs Choses plvs remarqvablcs veve'

s par l’

Auteur,

incognenés de noz Anciens 8cModernes—P a r is I 575 (2 17)Fo l io . 2 vo lumes . T 29 l l l l 1 -4 67 4 : T 11 4 69

9 3 6 90 3-1 02 5 17 4 maps .

The account of a search for a north-west passage to the Pac ific ,by a pi lot of King H enry of England , on 1. 1 022

,may refer to

Cabot . I f so, the narrative of his adventu res aft er his fa i lure to

get north of 59°on account of the ice, contains many detai l s which

the biographers of Sebast ian have negleéted to u ti l ize and interpret .Unlucki ly

,they do not agree with any of the better known faél s of

his explorations .

THORNE (ROBERT) This is the forme of a Mappe sent

1527. from Siui ll in Spayne by mais ter Rober t Thornemarchaunt

,to Doétor Ley Embassadour for king Henry

the 8 . to Charles the Emperour . (2 18)Woodcut map , cmm . , or 1 7x 8g inches. Pub

l ished with HAKLUYT, Div ers Voyages, No . 1 2 5,—London, 1 58 2 .

A long the Labrado r coast i s the legend : Terra hec ab A ngli s

primt‘

i fu it inuenta . Th is d erives importance in the d i scussion of

H

Cabot Bi bliography

the Cabot landfalls, from the faé’

t that, in Spa in in 1 5 27, SebastianCabot may have been the authority for the pos ition in which i twas placed on the map.

A n accompanying descript ion of the s ign ificant featu res on the

map was printed by H AKLUYT w ith the head ing

THORNE (ROBERT ) The bookc made by the right worshipful M. Rober t Thorne in the yeere 1 527. in Siuil

,to

Doé’tou r Ley, Lord ambas sadour for king Henry the

eigh t,to Char les the Emperour, being an informat ion of

the parts of the wor ld, discouered by him and the king of

Portingal : and also of the way to the Moluccaes by the

North . (2 19 )P rinted in H AKLUYT , Vg iages , No . 1 29 ,

—London,1 598 , i. 2 1 4

2 20 .

Thi s narrative conta ins the interesting reference to A voyageof d iscouery by the Po le . M . Thorne and M . (Hugh) E l iot d isconcret s of New found land .

”The langu age does not make it

entirely clear whether th is voyage was the same as that on which“ if the mariners wou ld then haue bene ruled , and fol lowed theirP i lots m inde, the land s of the West Ind ies (from whence al l the

gold commeth) had bene ou rs .” This latter voyage i s supposed tohave been undertaken du ring the first years of the sixteenth century .

I t is not unl ikely that Thorne and E l iot were among the B ristolmerchants who supported Cabot in his enterprises d uring the preced ing decade. See the Introduél ion, pp . xi i and xl .Th is narrative a l so conta ins the passage which was again quoted

by H AKLUYT,wi th the head ing

THORNE (ROBERT) A repor t of a voyage of. two

Engl ishmen in the company of Sebas t ian Cabo ta,intented

for the Ma lucos by the S treights of Mage llan,but per

fourmed one ly to the r iner of P late in Apr i l 1 527. Takenout of the informa t ion of M . Robert Thorne to Doé’tor

Ley (220)In HAKLUYT , Voyages , NO . 1 3 1 ,

—London,1 600, i ii . 72 6 ; Go ld

smid ed ition,xv . 306

-3 1 4 .

In a flote of three ships and a carauell that went from this Citieof Siu i l a rmed by the merchants of i t

,wh ich d epa rted in A pri ll last

past, I and m

ypartner haue one thousand foure hund red duckets

princ ipa l y for that two Engli shmen,friendes of m ine , which

are somewhat lea rned in Cosmographie, shou ld goe to bringme certaine re lation of the s itua tion of the countrey, and to be

expert in the nau igation of those sea s .I t i s possib le that the “ rutt ier which declareth the s ituation of

the coast of B ras i l from the I s le ofSanta Catel ina vnto the mouth of


Cabot Bi bl iography

4 94, and WEARE, No. 56 1 , for the controversy over the trustworthiness Of these deta ils .

VANNES (PETER) [D ispa tch to the English Pr ivy Counci l—Venice,1 2 September, 1 55 1 . (223 )

P rinted inWm . B . TURNBULL , Ca lenda r of Sta te Paper s , ForeignSer ies , Edw ard VI . ,

1 54 7-1 5 5 3 ,—London, 1 86 1 , 1 71- 172 .

This letter from the Engli sh ambassado r at Venice shows clearlythat, whatever u lterio r designs may have been hidden under thisCloak , Cabot unquestionab ly had revived certain defini te and

plaus ible c la ims to property or rights of some sort in Venice . The

ambassador reports that the matter,wh ich was abou t fifty years

o ld,had been entru sted to one of the secretaries of the Counci l of

T en,B apti sta R AMU SIO ,

—see notes,No . 1 9 6

3 whom Cabot pu tin tru st to ensearch w ith d i l igence any way and knowledgeposs ible that may stand to the sa id Sebastian ’ s profit and obtainingof right . ” See notes unde r VENICE

,Nos . 22 5

-2 28 , and the Intro

duétion, pp . xxx ii i and l i i i .

VAZQUEZ (C A T A LINA ).VAZQUEZ (FRANC I SCO).

The d epositions of the severa l pa rties to the lawsu its whichfo l lowed the retu rn of Cabot from his La P lata exped ition are d e

scribed und er Nos . 1 0- 1 2 and 2 3-37.

VENICE [Le t ters ofNatura liz ation gran ted by the Sena teofVenice to John Cabot in 1476 . (224 )

The o rder to record these privi leges of Venetian ci tizenship,which was pas sed by the Senate 28 March, 1 4 76, i s preserved in theState A rchives at Venice, Sena toTerr a ,

1 4 73-1 4 77, Vi i . 1 0 9 .

Printed by ROMANIN ,No . 200 ,

—Venice,1 8 58, iv. 4 5 3 : a l so in

HARR I SSE, Cabot, 3 87, where there is an explana tion that R AWDON

BROWN’

S translation in Ca lenda r (Venice) , i . 4 5 3 , read ing “ci tizen

shi within and without for a res idence of fifteen yea rsrea ly means in consideration for having resided fifteen years in

the republ ic.

The terms and cond itions are in B ULLO, No . 2 90 ,—Cbiogg ia ,

1 880 , pp . 59-60 , from the La tin text recorded in the State A rch ives

at Venice,Libr a Pr iv ileg i , ii . 5 3 translated by H ARRI S SE

, Ca bot,

3 87-3 89The exaEt s ignificance of thi s grant, and of the decrees in accord

ance w ith which it was issued , as evidence proving that Cabot wasnot a Venetian by b irth

,are d iscu ssed with e laborate deta i l by

H ARR I SSE, Ca bot, 1 -9 .

VEN ICE [D ispa tch from the Counci l of Ten to GasparoContar ini—Venice, 27 September , 1 522 . (225)

Cabot Bibl iography

Origina l copy in the State A rchives a t Venice, Capi del Cons ig liodei X

, Lettere Sottoscr itte, Filz a N. 5 , 1 522 .

P rinted by BULLO , No . 290 , pp . 6 1 -62 .Translated in RAWDON

BROWN, Calenda r (Venice) , i ii . 557.

Thi s letter informed the Venetian ambassador at the Spanishcou rt that a certa in Marin de Bucignolo—see No . 1 58

—had presented himself to the head of the Ten wi th credentia l s au tho rizingh im to make certain propos itions , not specified , on beha lf of Sebastian Cabot

,who sa id that he belonged to Venice . The ambassador

is instruél ed to interview C abot and induce him to Vi s it Venice inperson. For the reply of CONTARINI , see NO. 76 .

A n order au thorizing the Treasu rer of the Counci l to pay twentyducats to Master Hieronimo de Marin, “

pro bona cau sa , was

passed by the T en on the same date as that of the letter to Contarini, and i s u sua l ly printed wi th i t . (2 2 6)

VENICE [Dispatch from the Counci l ofTen to Con tar ini—Venice

,28 Apr i l, 1 523 . (227)

Manu script in the Marciana Library at Venice, Cl . VII. , Cod .

Mix . , Ca r t (acco rd ing to H arrisse) .Printed In BU LLO , No . 290, pp. 6 1 -62 . Trans lated in BROWN,

Ca lenda r (Venice), i i i . 6 69 .

Thi s letter,in reply to CONTAR INI

’

S, Nos . 76 and 77, statestha t the letter which Cabot asked to have sent to h im,

u rging himto Visi t Venice, had been d i spatched , s igned w ith the name of

H I ERONYMO DE MAR INo—NO. 1 58—a l though the latter was no

longer to be found in Venice . See the Introdué'

tion, pp . xxi and

xlvi i i .

VENICE [D ispatch from the Counci l OfTen to Giacomo

Soranz o—Venice, 12 September, 1 55 1 . (228)Manu script in the State A rchives at Venice

, Consig lio dei Dieci ,Pa r te Secrete, Fi lz a N. 8 , 1 55 1 54 .

P rinted by BULLO, NO. 2 90 , p . 70 . Translated in B ROWN,

Ca lenda r (Venice) , V. 3 64 .

Thi s is a reply to a d i spatch from the Venetian ambassador inEngland—see SORANZO

, No . 2 1 1 . I t appea rs that Cabot revivedthe offer of his services to Venice- see references under Nos . 2 2 3and 2 27: questa sua Offerta ne e stata gratiss ima , quanto a llarichiesta che vi 2: stata fata da quei Signori [the Counci llors ofE dwa rd VI .] c irca l i cred iti che pretende, e ricuperatione dc beni ,

che non essendo i l detto Caboto cono sciuto da a lcuno dc qu i ,saria neccessario che esso med es imo venisse per giu stificare la sua

persona et le ragion sue,essendo quelle cose d i che s i parla mo lto

vecchie , Con questa occas ione possa d imandare et o ttenerela l icent ia d i veni re, la quale vederete, che i l procuri d i avere, t ransferendosi d i qui quanto pih presto potrEI, ne restarete perOin questo

Cabot Bibl iography

mezo d i sforzarvi d i intendere da lu i pIu avant i quei maggior _part i

co lat i che potrete d i r, e i l d i segno suo d i questa nav igatione .

The extent to which the Engl i sh government partic ipated in

Cabot ’s o stensible efforts to recover his Venet ian cla ims i s shown bythe d ispatch of the Rev. Peter VANNES , of the same date as the

above, No . 2 2 3 .

VERRAZANO (H I ERONYMO D A ) .A manu script map of the wo rld , 2 60 x 1 3 0 cmm i

,in the l ibrary

of the Pro aganda at Rome, drawn by Verrazano , confirms the

evidence 0 MAGG IOLO,No . 1 57, relative to the pa rt of North

America first Vi s i ted by Cabot . I t is described by H ARR I SS E , Discov ery , 575 577 and a l so in the Rev ue Cr itique, Pari s, 1 January

,

1 876, p . 22 . There are reduced photolithographs of the entiremap in BREVOORT ,

Verra z ano,—Nev : York

,1 874 ; MURPHY,

Verra z ano,—Nev ) Yor k, 1 875 : the American po rt ion is in DES IMONI , Ta v ola Para llela . (22 9 )

W ILLES (RI CH ARD) The H is tory of T rauayle in the

VVest and Eas t Indies VVith a discourse o f the

Nor thwes t pas-sage Ga thered in par te, and done intoEnglyshc by Richarde Eden . Newly set in order

,

augmen ted,

and finished by Richarde VVi lles—London1 577 (230)

8V0 . T 9 l l l l 1 -4 66 6 .

See notes under E DEN, No . 9 6 .

The most important addition made by W il les i s the accountFor . M . Cap . Fvrby-Shers passage by the northvvest

,

”

in whichoccu rs a reference , on 1. 2 32 , to “

ou r countriman Seba stian Cabote ,in hi s table

,the which my good Lord e [the E arl of B edford] hath

at Cheynies ; and , l . 2 3 3 ,“ Cabota hi s owne d iscou rse of

nau igation you may reade in hi s carde d rawen w ith his owne hand e ,the mouth of the nor thwes terne s treiél l ieth neare the . 3 1 8 . Merid ian,betwixt . 6 1 . and . 64 . d egrees in e leuat ion, cont inuyng the samebread th abou t . 1 0 degrees west , where i t Openeth sou therly mo reand more .

”See notes under CABOT, No . 4 9 .

WOLFENBUTTEL.

See notes under R I BEIRO, No . 1 98 , for the map u sua lly Cited as

Wolfenbii ttel B .

WORTH INGTON (WI LLI AM) .The close relations existing between Sebas tian Cabot and his suc

cessor, Worthington, a re shown in the notes under MARYTUDOR,

Nos . 1 68-1 69 , and under H AKLUYT,NO. 1 2 5 .


CABOTIANA .

A LIST OF BOOKS AND OTHER WRITINGS,

PR INTED BETWEEN 1 600 A ND 1 900, WH ICH REFER ToJOHN AND SEBAST I AN C A BOT

,OR WH ICH ARE OF

USE I N STUDYI NG TH E CONTROVERSIES WH I CHARE A SSOC I A TED W I TH THE IR N AMES .

The more useful bibliograpbica l works a re mentioned under the

number s 8,256, 271 , 290, 294 , 3 02, 306,

3 1 9. 327. 3 29 , 3 54 . 358. 38 1 .

3 83d) 3 873 4 2 1 1 503 1 “251525

AMAT DI S . FILIPPO (PI ETRO) .See FUMAGELLI , No . 3 58 .

THE AMERICAN NEPOS : a colleé’tion of the livesof the mos t remarkable and the mos t cm i-ncnt men

,who

have contribu ted to the d iscovery,the se t tlement

,and the

independence ofAmerica—B a ltimor e 1805 . (23 5)8vo . T pp i i i

-x11 1 3-4 08 .

Second ed ition—Ba ltimore 1 8 1 1 .

There i s a very cred itable account of the Cabots on pp. 3 8-4 3 .

ANSPACH (LEW I S AM ADEUS) A history of the IslandofNewfoundland : con ta ining a descript ion of the island

,

the banks,the fisheries

,and trade of Newfoundland

,and

the coast Of Labrador,by the Rev. Lewis Amadeus

Anspach—London 1 8 1 9 . (236)8vo . T + pp i ii-xxvi i i 5 1 2 2 maps .Important for the statement

, on p. 2 5 , that John Cabot, towhom the d iscovery i s cred ited

,had been employed in a successfu l

negotiation in the year 1 4 9 5 , wi th the court of Denmark , re

CabotBibl iography 1 0 5

Spee'

l ing some interruptions wh ich the merchant s of B ri sto l hadsuffered in their trade to Iceland , and that this had been the

means of introducing him to H enry VI I . No authority is g ivenfor this extremely interesting, and in i tselfnot improbable, informa

t ion ; and thi s omi ss ion i s the more not iceable because the reve rendauthor u sual ly suggests the authorit ies from which be d erived the

statements in his text . Persistent efforts, notably by Mr. H ARRISSE ,

have fa i led to bring to l ight any confirmatory faél s . PROWSE, No .

4 9 1 , p. 2 5 , cal l s attention to the Anglo-Dani sh treaty of 1 4 89-90 ,

which led to further negotiat ions in 1 4 9 2 .

APPLETON (JOHN) The Portra i t of Sebas tian Cabotbelonging to the Massachuset ts H istorica l Socie ty . (237,

In the Proceedings of the Massachu setts H i storica l Society fOIJanuary, 1 865 ,

—Boston,1 866, vi i i . 9 1

-96 . A l so i ssued separa tely .

Thi s i s a synopsi s and ad aptation of faé’

ts and a rguments pu bl ished by W i ll iam H . B lack and A ugu stu s W . Franks inAr c/za olog ia ,

—London, 1 8 6 3 , xxxix . 1 - 1 8, 272-276, which p rove

that Holbein cou ld not have pa inted Cabot’ s portra it . See note s

to No. 6 1 .

ASHER (GEORGE MICH A EL) Henry Hudson the navi

gator . The origina l documen ts in which his career is recorded col leé’ted

, partl trans la ted, and annota ted,wi th an

introdué’tion,by G. NI

]

. Ashen—London,Hakluy t Society,

M .DCCC.Lx . (238 )8vo . 2 T 4 11+ pp ccxix 29 2 2 maps.There is an account of the indebtedness of the Cabots to the

geographica l kn ow ledge Of the preced ing century , and of thei rinfluence upon that of the succeed ing years, on pp . lxi i-lxxv ii . I t i s

suggested that if Cabot in 1 4 9 8 went in search of a north-westpassage, thi s impl ies that he then rea lized ,

before any Of his con

temporaries , the ex istence of a cont inent through wh ich a passageto Cathay was d es i red . These views a re mod ified

,a s a result of

further examinat ion Of the Cabot sou rces, on pp . ccxvi-ccxvi i i .Some suggestive idea s on the ed itions of the Cabot map are on pp .

2 60-2 62 .

A memo ir on the north-western voyages of the Cabots i s

announced on p . ccxvi , as now preparing fo r the press ." I t was

apparently never pub l i shed . (2 3 9 )

AVEZAC-MACAYA (MAR I E ARM AND P A SC A L D’

)Cons idera t ions géographiques sur l

’

h istoire da Brési l,

examen crItIquc d’

unc nouvel le his toire par M.

Frangois-Adolphe dc Varnhagen, par M. d’

Avez aC. (24 0)

106 Cabot Bi bl iography

In the Bulletin of the Société de G éographie,—Pa r is, A ugustSeptember, 1 8 57, 4 ser. ,

xiv. 89-3 56 2 maps . A lso i ssued

separately .

Note K , pp. 26 6-278 , d i scu sses the Sou th American voyagesa ttribu ted to Sebastian C abot . Thi s matter was not mentioned byM . Varnhagen in his reply :E xamen d e quelques points dc l 'histoire géographique du Brési l[comprenant d es éclai rcissements nouveaux ou analysecri t iqu e du rapport de M . d

’

A vez ac] . (24 1 )In the Bulletin of the Soci été de Géographie ,—Pa r i s, March

A pri l , 1 8 58 , 4 ser .

,xv. 1 4 5

- 171 , 2 1 3 -252 . A l so i ssued separatelywi th a map.

AVEZAC-MACAYA (MAR I E ARM A ND P A SC A L D’

)B ref réci t et succinéte narrat ion de la navIgat i on faitc en

M Dxxxv ct MDXXXVI par le capi ta ine Jacques Car tierprécédée d

’

unc breve ct succinéfc introduél ion his

tor iquc par M . d’

Avez aC .—P a r is

,Tross

,1 863 . (24 2)

8VO. 2 T l l xvj 68 .

T he account of the Cabot voyages of 1 4 94 , 1 4 97, 1 4 9 8 , and

1 5 1 7, on l l . V-vj , is reprinted in MALTE-B RUN,Anna les des

Voyages,—Pa r is , Ju ly , 1 8 64 , 6 ser. , x.,

i i i . 77-79 .

AVEZAC-MACAYA (MAR I E ARM A ND P A SC A L D ’

)Les navigations Terre-neuv iennes dc Jean et Sébast ien

Cabot . Let tre au Révérend LéonardWoods par M .

d’Avez ac . (24 3 )In the Bulletin of the Soc iété de Ge

’

ograph ie, —Pa r is , September,1 8 69 , 5 ser . , xvi ii . 3 00 -

3 1 6 . A l so i ssued separately . R ead beforethe Society on June 1 8 , and a l so presented to the Cinq A cad ém iesd e l

‘

Insti tu t de France, 6 0&ober, 1 869 .

Th is letter was prepared at the requ est of the Ma ine H i s

tor ical Society . I t was t ranslated by Dr . Wood s and printed as

an append ix to KOH L,Discov ery, NO. 4 2 9 ,

—Por tland,1 8 69 , 502

5 1 4 .

The letter conta ins the ablest presentat ion of the a rguments whichseem to prove that the Cabots made a series of Engl ish voyagesbetween 14 9 1 and 1 5 1 7. M . d

’

A vezac bel ieved that these voyagesrea l ly began in 1 4 80 , and that John Cabot was the magis navi sscientificus marina rius totius A nglia ,

who sai led from B risto l inthat year in the service of the merchant pr ince John Jay. CompareMAJOR , No . 4 4 6 .

The CABOT portra it d escr ibed as NO. 2 0 was reported by M .

d’

A vezac in the Bulletin of the Soci été d e Géographie, -Pa r is ,M ay, 1 869, 5 ser. , xvi i . 4 06-7. (24 4 )A n important review Of NI C HOLL S

,NO . 4 67, in the Rev ue


Cabot Bibliography

from his H i sto ry was supplemented by materia l from h is manu

script Col leétions,” and i t is u sefu l as a test of what cou ld be knownabou t the Cabots in 1 8 59 . (24 9 )

BANKS (CHARLESSee note under GARDENER

,No . 3 6 1 .

BARKER (W . R .) B ris to l in the da S of the Cabots .

By W . R . Barker . One of the Bris to l elegates . (250)In the Proceeding s of the Roya l Society of Canada

,—Otta=wa ,

1 897, cl ix-clxxvi i 8 plates. A l so issued separately .

On p . clxxi is the statement that the Matthew sa i led in a yea r ofexcept iona l sca rcity .

BARRERA PEZZI (C ARLO) Document i inedi ti i taloispan i, esis ten ti ne i real i A rchivj d i Mi lano, racco l t i e commentati—P inerolo I 864 . (25 I )

8V0 . T pp 3 2 .

The letter ofRAIMONDO,No . 1 90 , which was printed herein fo r

the first t ime,j ust ifies a somewhat enthusiastic account of the

achievements of a Venetian citizen.

BARRERA PEZZI (C ARLO) D i Giovanni Cabottor ive latore del se t ten trionale emisfero d

’America con docu

men ti inedit i es is ten t i nei RR . A rchivj di S tato di M ilanoraccol t i da Car lo Barrera Pez z i—Venez ia , MDCCCLXXX I .

8V0. 2 T port . pp 7-50 .

BARRETT (WI LL I AM ) The history and an t iqu i ties of

the C i ty of B ris tol,compi led from O riginal Records and

au then t ic Manuscripts, In public Offices or pr iva te Hands ;By Wi l liam Barrett—B r istol . (252 )

4 to . T i i i-xix 704 30 maps and plates.The account of the Cabots , pp. 171

- 1 74 , i s taken fromH A KLUYT .

BARROW (JOHN) A chronologica l his tory of voyagesinto the aré’tic regions ; under taken chiefly for the purposeOf d iscover ing a nor th-eas t

,nor th-wes t

,or polar passage

between the A t lant ic and Pac ific from the earl ies t periodso f Scandinavian naviga t ion

,to the depar ture of the recen t

Cabot Bibl iography 1 9 9

expedit ions, under the orders ofCapta ins ROSS and BuchanBy John Barrow—London, Murray

,181 8 . (25 3 )

8vo . 2 T + 2 ll + pp + map .

The caut iou s manner in wh ich the confliéting natu re of the

statements of the au thoritative writers i s recognized in the accountof the Cabots, 3 2-37, frankly adapted from HAKLUYT and CAMPBEL L

, NO. 2 9 5, in no wise merits B IDD LE’S fascinat ing comment“ Inva luable in reference to our present task, a s it no t on lyembod ies , in a cheap and convenient form ,

a ll the mistakes of itspredecessors , but genera l ly suppl ies a good dea l of curiou s origina lerror.”—Memoir , No . 26 1 , p . 2 58 .

BAROZZI (N ICOLO)See SANUTO, Diar zz, No . 2 1 0 .

BAXTER (JAMES PH INNEY ) John Cabo t and his d iscoveries

,by Hon . James P . Baxter. (254 )

I n the Pr oceed ings of the Ma ine H istorica l Society,

-Portland,

Oél ober, 1 897, vi i i . 3 3 9-3 5 3 .

A piéi uresque and reasonable account of what may have happe'

ned

to Cabot .

BEAUDOUIN (J . D . ) Jean Cabo t. (255 )In Le Canada Fra nfa is, revue publiée sou s la d ireétion d

’

un

comité dc professeu rs de l’

Univers ite Laval—Quebec, OCIOb re, 1 888,i . 60 8-66 1 . Reprinted in the Bibliotbégue Canad ienne

,—Lev is

,

Quebec, 1 898 ; 1 6mo, 3 T pp 5

-1 0 5 .

Largely ad apted from DEANE, No . 3 27, but w ith frequent references by way of correél ion, to B IDD LE, No . 2 6 1

,and to the Histoire

ge'

ne'

ra le des Voy ages , pub l ished by D idot , —Pa r is , 1 754 .

BEAZLEY (CH ARLES R AYMOND) John and Sebas t ianCabo t the discovery of Nor th Amer ica by C . Raymond

Beaz ley—London,Longmans, MDCCCXCVI I I . (256)

8VO. 3 T pp xi-xx 3 1 1 3 plates.

Documents ma inly i l lustrating the Engl ish Ca reer of John and

Sebast ian Cabot, ” an annotated chrono logica l l i st,based upon

H ARR I SSE,NO. with correc’tions, 265-29 1 . Cabot Litera

ture, ” based upon No . 564 , pp. 2 92-30 5 .

The comments and interpretations in Mr . Beaz ley ’ s text are conservative, careful, and sens ible beyond precedent in recent Cabo tiand iscussions .M r. Beazley contribu ted an account of the Engl ish career of the

Cabots to TRA I LL , Socia l Eng land ,—London, 1 894 , i i . 4 96-4 98 , i ii .

209-2 1 1 . Compare i i . 4 62 , where M r. A . H assal l states that the

CflbOt Bibl iography

encou ragement of H enry VI I . enabled Sebastian Cabot to d iscoverNewfound land . (2 57)

BELLEMO (VI NCENZO) Giovanni Caboto no te cri ticheper Vincenz o Bel lemo . (258)

In the Ra ccolta di documenti e stud i pubbl icati d a l la R . com

m iss ione Co lombiana pel qua rto centenario d a lla sc0perta d el l ’America—Roma

,au sp ice i l m inistero d el la pubbl ica istruzione,

MDCC CXC I I I I parte v . i i . 1 5 1 -2 1 8 , fo l io .

A n adaptation and interpretation of B ARRI SSE, by a res ident ofChioggia .

BENDELARI (GEORGE) .See note under CABOT, No . for Mr . Bendelari

’s translation

of the legend s on the Cabot 1 54 4 map.

BERGENROTH (GUST AV ADOLPH) .A letter from M r. Bergenroth to Jared Spa rks , dated London, 2 1

Oél ober, 1 8 66 , expla ining the Cabot passage in the d ispatch of

A YA LA , No . 7, is printed in the Proceeding s of the AmericanA nt iqua rian Society for 24 A pri l, 1 8 67, pp . 3 9 4

- 0 . (2 59 )See No . 9 .

BERTHOUD (E .

Capta in Berthoud s translation of a communication to L’

Exploration of Pa ri s , in the Ka nsa s City Rev ievv for A ugust , 1 882 , is notedunder CORTAMBERT, NO. 3 1 1 .

BERTIUS (PETRUS) P Bert Tabvlarvm Geographi

carvm contrafi arvm Libr i septem . In qu ibus Tabula:omnes gradibus distiné

’tae

,descr iptiones accuratae

,cae tera

supra priores editiones pol itiora, A ué’tioraq,—Amsterodami

Sumptibus ct typis ae neis Iudoci Hondij . 1 6 18 . (260)Oblong 8vo. T 8 11 pp 3

-82 9 5 11. Pagination veryi rregula r .

T he Latin text Of Legend xvI I . on the Cabot map, No . 5 58, i s on

pp . 777-780 , apparently Copied from CHYTRJEU S , No . 75. Thereare a few curiou s d ifferences In the read ings of the two texts

,wh ich

may presumab ly be due to the copyi st. T he d ate of the d i scoveryis given in an introduél ory note as 1 24 9 . T he date of the map in

the legend is 1 54 9 . In both cases the number I s given in word sBaccalos inventa anno mi l les imo ducentesimo quad ragesimo

nono , d ie v iges ima qua rta . de l ineavit m i l lesimo qu ingentes imo quad rages imo nono .


1 1 2 Cabot B ibl iography

ordered both the American and the Eng l ish ed itions of the workto be d estroyed . Thi s is a ssumed to account fo r the supposedrarity Of the Phi ladelphia edition. The basi s fo r the trad ition has

not been d i scovered .

B idd le ’ s work d i splays much critica l ta lent,and though com

posed wi th little system and with a strong b ias in favour of Sebast ianCabot, it may be regard ed a s the best review Of the history of

maritime d iscovery relating to the period of wh ich he t reats,that

had appeared .

”—DEANE, NO. 3 27, p . 4 3 . M r. B idd le ’ s chiefcontribution was in d istingu i shing, for the first t ime w ithin the

century,that there were two Cabot voyages , in 1 4 97 and 1 4 9 8 .

Thi s resu lted from his recovery of the text of HENRY V I I .

’

S secondletters patent , No . 1 4 0 . The striél ly historica l investigation intothe careers of the Cabots dates from the appearance ofM r. B idd le ’ svo lume .

BLACK (J AMES WI LLI AM) The Old world at the dawn

ofWes tern discovery,by Prof. J . W i ll iam B lack of Co lby

Univers i ty. (270 )In the Proceeding s of the Ma ine H istorica l Society, Cabot Meet

ing , Por tla nd , 1 897, v i ii . 3 54-3 97.

I t is suggested by pp . 3 86-3 9 2 that Cabot and Co lumbu s may

have met at the time of the latter s voyage to I celand , or that hisbrother may have seen Cabot when he visi ted England in 1 4 88 .

BLACK (WI LLI AM H ENRY) .See note to No . 2 37.

BLACKWOOD (FREDER ICK TEMPLE H AM ILTONTEMPLE ) .

See D UFFER IN AND A VA,NO5 . 3 3 8-3 4 0 .

BOURINOT (JOHN GEORGE ) Cape Bre ton and its

Memoria ls Of the French Regime . By J . G. Bour inot,

LL.D .

,D .C .L. (271)

In the Transaél ions,

1 89 1 , of the Roya l Society of’

Canada ,Montrea l , 1 8 9 2, ix., scé

’

t. i i .,

1 73 -34 3 + 4 maps p late ; fo l io .

A lso publ ished sepa rately.

The account of the C abots,1 76- 1 80 , is supp lemented by some

usefu l bibliographica l, historica l, and critical notes,2 9 5

-29 8 .

See the report presented by Dr . Bourinot in the Tra nsac‘tions ofthe Roya l Society of

.

Canada, 1 894 , xi i . p . xvi-xvi i , for the first

suggestion made by h Im for a Cabot quad ricentennia l celebration.

(272)

Cabot Bibliography I I 3

BOURINOT (JOHN GEORGE) The S tory of Canada byJ . G. Bou rinot—New York

,Putnams

,1896 . (273 )

8VO. 2 T pp v-xx 4 6 3 map .

The Dawn of D iscovery in Canada,1 4 97

-1 52 5, 1 9-28 .

BOURINOT (JOHN GEORGE ) The Cabot Ce lebra t ionin Nova Sco t ia . By John George Bourinot. (274 )

In Tbe Independent—Nev ) York, 24 June, 1 897, xl ix . ,No . 2 5 34 , 4

columns . R educed cut of John Cabot ’ s map .

”

BOURINOT (JOHN GEORGE ) The makers of the do

min ion of Canada . A ser ies ofTwe lve I l lu s tra ted Paperson Famous Men and Inciden ts of Canadian H is tory

,from

the Norse and Cabo t voyages unt il Federal Un ion . (986

(275)In The Canadian Maga z ine, Toronto, November, 1 897, x . 3

-1 5

(fi rst paper) .

BOURNE (HENRY R ICH ARD F0x) Engl ish Sea'

men

under the Tudors,by H . R . Fox Bourne—London 1868.

(276)8vo . 2 vo lumes . 2 T pp v-xv 3 04 4 maps ; pp xi

3 1 4

Chapter I I .,

“The Voyages of the Cabots, ” i . 24 -4 5 . Cabot ’ sI sle Of St. John is identified w ith Newfound land .

BOURNE (H ENRY R ICH ARD FOX ) The s tory Of our

colonies : wi th sketches of their present condi t ion,by

H . R . Fox Bourne—London MDCCCLXIX . (277)8vo . 2 T pp i ii

-xiv 4 1 1 .

A new and revi sed ed ition, w i th s ix maps, was publ ished inLondon

,1 888 .

Cabot, pp. 3 -7.

BOURNE (HENRY RI CH A RD Fox) Engl ishMerchant8 °

memoirs in i l lus tra tion of the progress of Bri t ish commerce

by H . R . Fox Bourne—London,1866. (278)

8vo . 2 volumes . 2 T V-xv pp 4 27 xi 4 34 p lates .“A new ed ition, with i l lustrations - London, 1 8 86, condensed

into one volume ; 2 T pp v-xv i 4 92 p lates.Chapter VI . ,

i . 1 4 7-1 6 3 (71 -9 8 of 1 88 6 ed i tion) on the Tho rnesof B ri sto l and the patronage of t rade by H enry VI I . and the Com

pany of Merchant A dventu rers , describes the conneél ion betweenthe C abots and B rit ish commercia l development .

l 14 Cabot Bibl iography

BOWELL (MA CKENZ I E ).See notes under FLEM ING , NO . 3 5 1

-3 52, and B RI STOL, NO . 28 1 ,

for the pa rt taken by Sir Mackenz ie Bowe l l in secu ring Engl ish CO

operat ion for the Cabot celebrations of 1 897.

BREVOORT (J AMES C ARSON) Early voyages from

Europe to America . 2 . John Cabo t ’ s Voyage of 14 97.

By J . Carson Brevoort. (279)In The Histor ica l Maga z ine, H enry B . Dawson, Morr isania ,

N.Y. ,March , 1 868 , Ser. 2

,i i i . 1 29

-1 3 5 map.

M r . B revoort advanced the theory that Cabot was aware Of theex istence of the fishing bank s and of Newfound land before h isd epartu re from England in 1 4 97, and that he purposely avoided

this land in his search for a passage beyond to Cathay.

BREVOORT (J AMES C ARSON) Notes on Giovanni daVerraz ano and on a planisphere of 1529 , i l lus trat ing hisAmer ican voyage in 1 524 , wi th a reduced Copy of the

map. By James Carson Brevoort. (280)In the j ourna l of the American Geographical Soc iety, -New

York, 1 874, iv . 1 4 5-2 97 2 maps. Read 2 8 November, 1 871 . T

Cabot, seél ion vi . , 2 1 3-2 1 4 .

BRISTOL,ENGLAND Cabot Celebration

,1897.

Preliminary Proceedings—Br i stol,1896 . (28 1 )

1 8mo . T pp 3-1 3 . Reprinted from a report in theWestern

Da ily Press , Br istol , 27 June , 1 8 9 6.

T he Mansion H ouse d inner Of which this i s the record was heldfor the purpo se of giving Sir Sandford Fleming and Sir MackenzieBowel l an opportunity to expla in the plans of the Roya l Soc iety ofCanada and to secure the co-operation of B risto l in a Cabot quadricentennial celebrat ion. See DAWSON, No. 3 1 8 .

From suggestions made a t thi s d inner,JOHN CASSIDY, of the

Manchester Museum of Fine A rts,received the idea which d e:

veloped into the superb statua ry group, “ John Cabot and h is son

Sebastian,” which was exhibited du ring the summer of 1 897 in

New Ga l lery , London. A photograph of the group is reproducedin the New Eng land Magaz i ne,

—Boston, Februa ry , 1 898 , xvi i . 6 52 .

(282 )The exerci ses at the laying of the foundation stone, and at the

forma l Opening of the Cabot Memorial Tower on B randon H i l l ,B risto l , are mentioned under DUFFER IN

,Nos. 3 3 9

-34 0 .

The Speeches at the second of these occasions, 6 September, 1 89 8as reported in the B risto l Western Da ily Press of the fo llowing d ay,and especia l ly the rema rks of the Mayor, S ir Robert H . Symes, re


1 16 Cabot Bi bl iography

of the nomad bui lders . By Wi l liam Cul len Bryan t andS idney Howard Gay

—New York,Scribners

,1876(- 1 88 1 )

(288)Large 8VO . 4 volumes .Reprinted as Scr ibner

’

s Popula r History, New York, 1 896, w ith afifth vo lume and the fourth rewritten by Noah B rooks .The account of the Cabots

,i . 1 2 9

-1 3 8, written by Mr . Gay, i s

u seful as an intel ligent summary of the resu lts accepted by the bestknown students in 1 876 .

BRYMNER (DOUGLAS) Repor t on Canadian archives byDouglas Brymner, Archivis t, 1 897 (Being an Appendixto Repor t of the M inis ter ofAgr icu l ture.)—Ottawa

,1 898 .

(289)8V0. 2 T pp i ii

-xxiv 1 -1 2 5 2 5 3 -3 9 5 8 1 -179 2

maps .Th is report conta ins the photo l ithograph facsimi le of the CabOt

1 54 4 map, NO. 3 95

,made from a negative taken in Pa ri s by direc

t ion of the M inister of A gricu l ture and depos ited with the A rch ivist . See DAWSON, No . 3 2 1 .

BULLO (CA RLO) La vera pa tr ia di N icolO de’ Con t i

e di Giovanni Caboto studj e documen t i—Chiogg ia , 1880 .

(290)8vo . T pp v-xxx i i i 9 1 .

A nunconvincing argument that John Cabotwas born in Chioggia.

The footnotes are u sefu l as a gu ide to the Ital ian secondary Cabotian l i teratu re . A ccord ing to HARRI SSE , NO. 3 8 3 , p. 3 72 , thi swork is based upon MORONI , Annua le Veneto, Venez ia , 1 78 6.

Lettera d i G . Lanz a a C . Bul lo , su l la vera patria di G iovanniCaboto

,

”dated Venezia, 29 Marzo, 1 876, pp . 70

-9 1 .

BULLO (CARLO) Ancora del la pa tr ia d i GiovanniCabo to . (29 1 )

In the Nuov o Archiv io Veneto Venez ia , 1 897, xiv. 24 6-252

(C . E . , see No.

BURKE (EDMUND) An accoun t of the European Se t t lemen ts in America—London

,MDCCLVI I . (292)

8vo . 2 vo lumes . T 3 11+ pp 3 1 2 map ; T pp 300

1 0 l l map .

Reprinted , London, 1 758 , 1 760 , 1 765, 1766, 1770 , 1777, 1 808,

Dublin,1 762 , 1 777 ; Boston, 1 8 3 5 , 1 8 5 1 . T rans lated , Pa r is, 1 767,

1 780 ; Amster dam and Leipz ig , 1 775 and 1778 ; Dantz ig ,1 777 ;

Venez ia , 1 76 3 .

Cabot Bibl iography 1 I 7

For an admirable suggest ion of the impress ionwhich an inte l l igentreader wa s l ikely to rece ive from a ca refu l examination of the avai lable information respeél ing the Cabots , before the recovery of

documenta ry sources in the nineteenth centu ry , see i i . 1 3 3 .

BURRAGE (HENRY STORRS) The car tography Of the

period. By Rev . Henry S . Burrage . (293 )In the Proceedings of the Ma ine H i storica l Society, Cabot Meet

ing,—Por tland, June , 1 8 97, vi ii . 3 98

-4 1 5 .

BUSCH (WI LHELM ) England untcr den Tudors . Von

Dr . Wi lhelm Busch KOnig Heinr ich VII . 14 851 509

—Stuttga r t, 1 892 (294 )8vo . 2 T pp v-xu 4 34 .

D ie B ris to ler u . Cabotto , 1 66-1 69 ; with references to the

sou rces on the more perplexing problems, 3 67-3 69 .

CAMPBELL (JOHN) Lives of the Admirals and otherEm inent Bri t ish Seamen

,conta ining their persona l his tor ies

and a detai l of all their public services . Inc luding a new

and accurate Nava l H is tory from the earlies t accoun ts Of

Time and Clear ly proving, by a con t inued Ser ies of FaéIs,

ou r un interrupted C laim to,and Enjoyment of

,the DO

m inion of our Seas . Interspersed wi th many curious

Passages relat ing to ou r D iscover ies,P lanta t ions

,and

Commerce. The who le suppor ted by proper Au thor i t ies .

By John Campbel l, E sq . The Second Edi tion,carefu l ly

revised,correéi ed and enlarged—London

,1 750. (295)

8VO. 4 vo lumes. T + I l + pp 54 3 5 T + PP 4 76 + 1 2 115T PP 3

-4 8 8 ; T + PP 4 5 3 8 11.

LOWND ES states that the fi rst ed ition was publ ished in 1 74 4 ; it

i s not in the B rit i sh Mu seum . A Dubl in ed ition is sa id to be

d ated 1 74 8. The work wa s frequently reprinted , with slightChanges ; London, 1 76 1 , 1779 , 1 78 1 , 178 5, and

, perhaps the bested ition, brought down to d ate by D r. Burkenhout, H enry R edhead

Yorke, andWi l l iam Stevenson, London, 1 8 1 2-1 8 I 7, 8 vol s. [H . N . S .]The account of the Cabots in th is work, i . 3 2 6-3 3 1 , 3 8 5-399 ,

of the 1 750 ed ition, or i . 3 1 2-3 1 6 , 373 -3 87 of the 1 8 1 2- 17 ed ition,

probably represented the standard secondary au thority unti l theappearance of B I DDLE

,No . 2 6 1 . The statement that Sebast ian

Cabot was Governo r of the Company of Merchant A dventu rersdu ring their struggle wi th the Steelya rd in 1 5 5 1 , i s in i . 2 3 2 ,Dubl in 1 74 8 ed ition (3 9 5, 1750 , or 3 8 3 , 1 8 1 2 See H ARRI SSE

,

No . 3 87, p. 3 3 1 , and the Introduc‘i ion, p. l .

Cabot Bibl iography

CAMPBELL (WILLI AM WILFRED) .A poem commemorative of the H a lifax Cabot celebration, 24June, 1 897, was printed in the Ha lifax Morning Chronicle of thatd ate. I t appears a l so to have fu rnished the inspi ration for an

ed itoria l in the Independent—New York, 24 June, 1 897, xl ix . ,

No .

2 5 34 , which expound s the s ignificance of the “ach ievement to

which we owe it tha t North America 15 dom inated by a race speaking the Engl ish language. (29 8 )

CARTWRIGHT (WILLI AM CORNW A LLI S) .See note under A YALA

,NO. 7

11,for Mr. Cartwright ’ s memoria l

sketch of Gustave Bergenroth .

CASSIDY (JOHN) .See note under B RI STOL , No. 28 2 .

CERVETTO (L. A .) Per Giovanni e Sebas t iano Cabo to(299 )

In the Giornale Ligustico, —Genov a , July-Oétober , 1 897, A nno

xxi i . fasc . 7- 1 0 [Nuova Serie, VOl. i i .] p, p .p 3 8 1 3 89 (C . E . see

NO

A n art ICle on the Genoese brrth of Cabot was contrrbu ted by S ig .

Cervetto to the Cittad ino—Genoa, 9 July, 1 897, with the head ing ,

IV Centena rio di Giov anni Cabottaglor ia l igure.

CHALMERS (GEORGE) .The Politica l Anna ls of the Present United Colonies,—London,

M.DC C .Lxxx . (4 to, pp . (1 0 ) 69 5) is referred to under HENRYVI I . ,

No . 1 3 6 . (300 )

CHAMBERS Sebast ian Cabot , the Naviga tor . (301 )In CHAMBERS ’

f ourna l, Ed inburgh, 1 4 March , 1 84 0 , ix. 59-60 ,

folio series .This i s one Of the earl iest suggestions that the Cabot voyage of

di scovery was made by way of Iceland .

CHANNING (EDWARD) and HART (ALBERT BUSHNELL) Guide to the s tudy of Amer ican H is tory by

A

Edward Charming and A lbert Bushnel l Har t—Boston,Ginn

,1 896 (302)

8vo . 2 T pp v-xvi 4 71 .

The Cabots , 24 6-24 7 an introduél ory bibliography .

See No 64 for the leaflet of Sou rces ed ited by P rofes sor Charmingof H arvard .


CabotB ibl iography

New York,2 1 Oé

’

tober , 1 897, lxv . 3 2 5-3 2 6 ; and 4 A ugust,1 89 8,

lxvi i. 9 6-97. See the notes to WEARE, No. 5 60 , and DAWSON,

NO. 3 1 9 . (3043

)

COOTE (CH A RLES H ENRY) Note on the “NewMap,by C . H . Coo te . (305)

In DAVI S,edited by A . H . MARKHAM , No . 87, London, H ak luyt

Society, 1 8 80 , pp . lxxxv-xcv.

See note under MOLINEUX, NO .

COOTE (CHARLES HENRY ) Sebast ian Cabo t,1 4 74

1 557. (306)In the Diéi ionary If Na tiona l Biography , ed ited by Les l ie Stephen,

London,1 886

,vi i i . 1 66-1 71 .

A dvocates a B ri sto l bi rthplace for Sebastian, and a projeéi edvoyagew ith Pert in 1 5 1 7. There i s an excel lent Short b ibl iography .

The introdué’

tion to Lord C rawford ’ s reproduEl ion of threemappemond es i s described under DESC ELI ERS, No . 90 .

CORDEIRO (LUCI ANO) La par t pr ise par les Por tugaisdans la découver te de l ’Amer iquc . (307)

I n the Compte-rendu of the Congrés Internationa l d es Americanistes, Nancy, 1 875, I . i . 2 3 2-3 24 , 4 69

-

4 79 . R eprinted , Lisbon,1 876 .

The Cabot voyages are d i scus sed, 3 1 7

-3 24 and 4 69

-4 79 , w ithspecia l reference to the probable o r possible relations between the

Engl ish and Portuguese exped itions, the priori ty of d i scovery of thefishing ground s

,etc.

CORREA (GA SP AR) Lendas da India por Gaspar Correapubl icadas dc ordem da C lasse dc sciencias maraes

, pol i t icase be llas let tras da Academ ia real das sciencias dc Lisboa"

Obra subs idiada pe lo governo dc Por tugal—Lisboa1 858(- 1864 ) (308)

4 10 . 4 Volumes .N ’

este anno d e 527 partio d e Seuilha hum Bastiao Gabato,

biscaynho, grande pi loto i i i . 1 09 .

CORRY (JOHN) The H is tory of B ris tol,civi l and eccles i

astical ; including B iographica l No tices ,

of em inen t and

dis tingu ished nat ives,By John Corry—B r istol 1 8 1 6 (3 09)

8VO . 2 vo lumes . T 1 l pp iv 4 79 3 plates ; Tpp iv 4 4 5 9 plates .The account of Cabot, i . 3 1 0-3 1 9 , i s d erived from HAKLUYT .

Cabot Bibliography I 2 I

CORTAMBERT (RI CH ARD) LaMappemonde dc Cabo t(3 10)

In L’

Explora tion, Pa r is , June, 1 88 1 , xrr. 8 3 8-8 3 9 .

M . Cortambert, the l ibrarian of the B ibliothéque Nationa le,cla ims to have been the fi rst to perceive the s ignificance of the date1 4 94 on the Cabot map of 1 544 .

A translation of thi s communication, by Capta in E . L. B ER

THOUD, in the Kansa s City Rev iew of Science a nd Industry, Kansa s

City , M i ssouri, A ugust,1 88 2 , vi . 2 1 8-2 1 9 , end s w ith a :

“ Note .

Capt. Berthoud informs us that he owns Sebastian Cabot ’ s mapw ith the Phrima Vi sta Land marked Upon it . [E d . R eview.

”

(3 1 1 )

CORTAMBERT (R I CH A RD) Jean et S e'bas t ien Cabot(3 1 2)

In L’Explora tion, Pa r is, 1 882 xi i i . 4 73 -4 78 .

CORTAMBERT (R ICH ARD) Nouvel le his to ire des

voyages et deS grandes découver tes géographiques danstous les temps et dans tous les pays par R ichard Cor tamber t . L

’Amér iquc . Le pole nord .

—P a r i s [m.d . 1 883or (3 1 3 )Fol io . T pp 80 8 plates.A n interesting account of the Cabots , from a charaél er isticallyFrench po int of View, is on pp . 207-2 1 7.

M . Cortambert’

s introduéi ion to the A tlas of JOMARD i s describedas No . 1 4 9 .

DAHLGREN (E .

The descriptive text accompanying M r. Dahlgren ’ s reproduél ionof the SANTA CRUZ mappemond e i s described a s NO. 204 .

DALY (CH A RLES P A TRI CK) On the ear ly his tory of car

tography, or wha t we know of maps and map-mak ing

,

before the t ime ofMerca tor . By Charles P . Daly. (3 14 )In theyourna l of the American Geographica l Society, New York,

1 879 , xi . 1 -4 0 2 1 p lates . A l so issued sepa rately .

The Cabot 1 54 4 map i s reproduced in sma l l facs imi le on a folding plate, a lthough no reference is mad e to it in the text.

DAVIES (W . HOWE LL) Modern Br isto l . By W .

Howe l l Davies,One of the B ris tol Delegates to the Cabo t

Celebrat ion . (3 1 5 )

I 22 Cabot BibliographyIn the Proceeding s and Transa étions of the Roya l Society of

Canada,Ottaw a

,1 897, pp . cxl ii i-clvi i i . A l so i ssued separately.

DAWSON (HENRY B ARTON)See note to DEANE

,No. 3 2 3 .

DAWSON (S AMUEL EDW ARD) The Voyages of the

Cabots in 14 97and 1 4 98 wi th an a t tempt to de terminetheir landfal l and to iden tify their is land Of S t . John . BySamue l Edward Dawson

,Lit.D . (Laval ) . Presented May

22,1 894 . (3 1 6)In the P roceed ings and Transaél ions of the Roya l Society of

Canad a , Ottaw a,1 89 5, xi i . seél . i i . 5 1 -1 1 2 . A l so i ssued separately.

In th is paper Dr . Dawson examined al l the evidence whichthrows l ight upon the Cabot d iscovery , and with much sk i ll presented arguments to Show that the landfa l l on 24 June , 1 4 97, was

the easternmost po int of Cape B reton I sland , a t o r nea r the cape

B reton . A carefu l study of al l the ava i lable maps, many of whichare reproduced by traced facs imi les , enabled him to present verystrong reasons for bel ieving tha t the is land of St . John was thepresent Scatari i sland that the island named St . John on the 1 544C abot map was the present Magd alen group ; and that it cou ldnot have been P rince E dward I s land , because this was not shownto be an i sland on the maps ea rl ier than 1 6 3 2 .

See the notes under CABOT, NO. 3 97

.

DAWSON (S AMUE L EDWA RD) The Voyages of the

Cabots in 1 4 97 and 14 98—A sequel to a paper in the

T ransaéIions of 1 894 . By Samue l Edward Dawson .

Read May 1 9 , 1896 . (3 17)In the Proceedings and Transaétions of the Roya l Society of

Canada, Ottaw a,1 89 6, 2 ser . i i . seé

‘

t. i i . 3 -30 ; a l so i ssued in

DAWSON (SAMUEL EDWARD) The discovery ofAmerica

by John Cabo t in 14 97 being extraé’ts from the proceed

ings Of the Roya l Socie ty of Canada rela tive to a Cabo tcelebration in 1897 and the voyages Of the Cabots. Apaper from the Transaé’tions of the soc ie ty in 1 896 W i thappendices on kindred subjeEtS by Samuel Edward Dawson—0ttawa 1 896 (3 1 8)

8vo . Cover T pp i ii-xiv 3-30 map .

Thi s conta ins the report of the Counci l of the Roya l Society ofCanada on the proposed Cabot celebration , reprinted from the samevolume of the Proceedings , pp. xxi i i-xxxi i .


124 Cabot Bibl iography

separately,—Cambr idge, 1 8 67, 2 T pp 1 -8,w ith an add itiona l

footnote pasted on p. 8 .

M r . Deane made a prel iminary report upon themap, wh ich he hadrecent ly examined for the first time, to the A merican A nt iquarran

Society , 20 Oétober, 1 866 Proceed ings,—Cambr idge, 1 8 66,

- 1 4 .

These rema rks were a l so reported in the Histor ica l Maga z ine,Morr isania , NewYo rk

,November, 1 866 , x . 3 5 3 -3 54 , wi th an enter

ta ining note on the d iscovery of h i storica l documents , byH enry B . DAW SON. (3 2 3 )Mr. D eane contributed two extended notes on H AKLUYT

’

S u se

of the Cabot voyages, in the Discours of 1 584, No . 1 26 , fo r the

1 877 ed it ion, pp . 1 9 2- 1 95 ; and on the confliél ing evidence In

rega rd to the Cabot 1 54 4 mappemonde, pp . 222-2 28 . (3 24 )Mr . Deane

’ s remark s on presenting a photograph of the C abotmap, No . to the Massachusetts H i storica l Society, are In the

Society ’ s P roceeding s for Ofi ober , 1 8 82 ,—Boston, 1 8 82 , xix. 3 87-3 88 .

(3 2 5)

DEANE (CH ARLES) The Mappemonde of Sebas t ianCabo t . (326)

In Science,—Cambridge, Ma ssachu setts, 2 3 February, 1 8 8 3 , i .

62-6 5 .

DEANE (CH ARLES) The Voyages of the Cabo ts . ByChar les Deane . (327)

In W I NSOR, Na rr a tiv e and Cr itica l History of Amer ica ,—Bostoni i i . 1 -5 8 2 maps . A l so i ssued separately .

The Cri tica l essay on the sou rces of information, 7

-58 , afford s

the most satisfaé’tory beginning for the study of any phase of the

Cabot questions . In addition to the aél ua l sou rces , i t conta insd iscriminating comments on the more important modern workswhich had then been publi shed . I t gives a caut iou s and thoroughexaminat ion of all the evidence, extended or brief, worthy of

consideration su rveyed in a chronologica l way. A study ofM r . Deane

’ s t reatment i s pecu l iarly ind icative of the hazard s towhich hi storica l statements are subj eél ed du ring transm ission fromone writer to another

,under the influence o f trad it ion, chance know

ledge,inference, and conjeé

’

ture.

”—WINSOR , Contr ov ersies, NO .

571 : P 1 5

Mr . Deane’ s transcript of the legend s on the Cabot map, printed

in the Massachu setts His torica l Society Pr oceeding s for 1 89 1 , are

described und er CABOT , No.

DESIMONI (CORNELIO) Re laz ione sugli SCOpritori genovesi [del medio evo

,e sul modo come essi furono recente

Cabot Bibliography I 25

men te giudicat i dai Do t t i S tranier i .] No . VI . [Giovann iCabo to] (328)

In the Giorna le Ligustico,—Genov a , 1 874 , i . 308-3 1 6 .

DESIMONI (CORNELIO) Intorno a Giovann i Cabo toGenovese scopr i tore del Labrador e di a l tre reg ion i de l l ’

a l ta Amer ica se t ten tr ionale Documen t i pubblica t i ed i l lustra ti dal socio Cornel io Desimoni . (329 )

I n the Atti della SocietaLigure di Stor ia Pa tr ia ,—Genov a , 1 88 1 ,xv. 1 79

-2 3 9 . A lso i ssued separately .

The important documents are printed on pp . 2 1 9-2 3 9 . Two

pages of “Libri consu ltati d i retta mente conta in the titles ofsevera l u sefu l continenta l publicat ions upon the Cabots .Th is essay marks an important step toward s the establ i shment of

the faéI that John Cabot was bo rn in Genoa .

DEXTER (GEORGE) Early Eu ropean Voyagers in Massa

chusetts Bay. (3 30)In WINSOR

,Memor ia l History of Boston,—Boston, 1 8 80

,i . 23 3 6 .

A l so i s sued sepa rate ly .

The Cabot voyages, 29-3 2 .

DEXTER (GEORGE ) The tes timony OfFabyan’

S Chronic leto Hakluyt

’

s accoun t of the Cabots . By George Dex ter .

(3 3 1 )In the Proceeding s of the ,

American A ntiquarian Society,Wor cester , 1 88 2 , new series , i . 4 3 6-4 4 1 .

Th is is an important ana lysis of the use which STOW and HOL INSHED made of the FABYAN manu script , No . 1 0 5 , and of the

p robable sou rce from which H AKLUYT took his extraéi s from i t .

DIONNE (N ARCI SSE EUTROPE ) John and Sebast ianCabo t . (33 2)

In Le Courr ier du Liv r e Ca nadia na .—9\uebec, May

-June,1 89 8 ,

i ii . 8-1 8 , 3 5-4 6 . A l so i ssued sepa rate ly .In these a rt icles , the l ibra rian to the legi slature of the province

of Quebec elaborated his strong convié’

tion that Cabo t never pu this foot on Cape B reton land , a bel ief to wh ich he had prev iou slygiven expression in a series of s ix a rticles contribu ted to the

Courr ier du Canada , —Q ,

uebec, February and March, 1 89 6 . (3 3 21

)In a review of H ARRI SSE , Ca bot, No. 3 87, in the Amer ican His

tor ica l Rev iew ,—New York, July, 1 89 6, i . 717-72 1 , M . D ionne

gave a clea r statement of the more important problems raised inthat volume, and of the solutions proposed . (3 3 3 )

Cabot Bibl iography

DOCUMENTI inedi t i intorno a i primi scopri tori i ta l ianidel le terre americane . (3 34 )

I n the Anna li univ er sa li di sta tistica , economia pubblica ,leg isla z ione,

stor ia,v iagg i e commercio,

-Mi1ano, 1 865 , 4 th ser. , xxi . 204

2 1 4 .

Reprinted a s

L’

America e gli scopritori ita l iani .I n the Annua r io scientifico ed industria le,—Milano, 1 866, I I. 700 .

704This is an abstraé

’

t of a d iscussion in the Ateneo d i Milano, 1 3

A pri l , 1 86 5 , upon the documents publ ished by BARRERA PEZZ I ,NO . 2 5 1 . The significant portions of the documents a re reprinted .

—Ti t les and notes from FUMAGALL I , No . 3 58 .

DONEAUD (G .) I Caboto di Por to Maur iz io . (3 3 5)In La Prov incia , giorna le settimanale d i Por toMa ur iz io, 1 9 , 2 6

November,

1 88 1 , vo l . i i .—Ti tle from HA RRI SSE, NO. and

FUMAGALLI,No . 3 58 .

DOYLE (JOHN ANDREW ) English Colon ies in Amer ica .

V irg inia,Maryland

,and the Carolinas by J . A . Doyle

London,1 882 . (336)

8VO. 2 T p V-xv i 4 20 map .

T he account 0 the Cabots , 2 2-2 6 and 3 7-39 , i s supplementedby A ppend ix C ,

“The Cabots and the ir Voyages,

”

3 9 9-4 07. Thi s

was appa rently written when the Pa ri s Library was the “ Bibl iothéque Impéria le,” and when B IDDLE and NIC HOLLS were the twowri ters who have made a specia l study of the career of Sebast ianCabot.” No American ought to compla in that the cred i t i s givento BRYANT and GAY

,NO. 2 88 , of having cut the Gord ian knot of

the Cabot 1 544 map by bo ld ly suppos ing iv to be a m isprint forV1] .

DOYLE (W I LL I AM ) Some account of the B ri t ish dom inions beyond the At lant ic : conta ining chiefly Wha t ismos t in teres t ing and leas t known W i th respeét to thosePar ts : par ticu larly, The importan t Ques t ion abou t thenorth wes t passage Is satisfaél ori ly discussed : wi th a largemap ; in which The sa id supposed Passage, and all the

Arétic Regions,are more fu l ly delineated than ever before

ByWi l l iam Doylé—London . (33 7)

8vo . 2 T I l + pv i 87 + map .

The suggest ion on p. xi that B riti sh North America shou ld beca l led Sebast ia in honour of i ts d i scoverer

,Sebastian Cabot, and


Cabot Bibliography

ERRERA (C ARLO) I viaggi di Giovann i e di Sebas t ianoCabo to ne l l’ A t lan t ico Se t tentr ionale . Cons ideraz ionicr i t iche di Car lo Errera . (34 2 )

In the Bollettinodella Societa Geografica Ita liana ,—Roma , May,1 89 3 , 3 rd series, Vi . 3 87

-4 1 4 . A l so i ssu ed separately .

A ca refu l and intel ligent study of T ARDU C C I and H ARR I SSE ,

from who se evidence he d educes a strong case in favou r of a voyageby Sebastian C abot in 1 50 9 .

In a note, pp. 75 1 -752 of the same vo lume,D r . E rrera ca l ls

attention to the ev idence conta ined in the repo rt of CONTAR INI ,No. 80, confirmatory of his a rgument for the 1 509 voyage. (34 2

a

)

ERRERA (CA RLO) La spediz ione di Sebas t iano Cabo toal rio del la P lata . (34 3 )

In the Archiv io Stor ico Ita liano, -Firenz e,1 89 5,

~

5th series, xv.

1 -62 . A l so i ssued separately .

A study ofTARDU CC I and MADERO .

The titles of severa l recent I ta l ian essays upon Cabotian subjeé’

ts ,which have been communicated to thi s b ibl iography by D r . E rrera ,a re signed by h is ini tia l s and a reference to thi s note.

ERRIZO (FR A NCESCO M I NI SCA LCH I ) .See NO. 4 59 .

ESPADA (JU AN D E L A ) Demostracion del mapa-mundi

dc Sebas tian Cabo to . (34 4 )Thi s title is quoted by S' . Fernandez Duro in a li st of Spanish

maps and manuscripts , printed in his Ar ca de Noe',—Madr id , 1 8 8 1 ,

p . 5 3 8 . H e g ives the reference B ibl io t. part. de 8 . M .—J. de la

E spada—Relac . geog. pagina 1 3 1 .

FERNANDEZ DURO (CESAREO) Los Ojos en e l

C ielO. Libro cuar to de las D isquis ic iones NauticasMadr id 1 879 . (345)

8V° o T PP 5-4 4 5 .

There i s a d escription of the Cabot 1 54 4 map on p, 278 .

FERNANDEZ DURO (CESAREO) A rca de Noé. LibroSex to de las D isquis iciones Nauticas—M adr id 188 1 .

(34 6 )8vo . T pp 5

-680 map.

Sebastian Cabot, and h is place in nautica l hi story, are ment ionedon PR 3 1 4 , 34 2 . 52 1 . 5 38

CabotBibl iography 1 1 9

FERNANDEZ DURO (CESAREO) Los Cabotos Juany Sebas t ian descubr idores en el con t inen te Americano .

(347)In the Boletin de la Sociedad Geografica ,—Madr id

,January-Ma rch

,

1 89 3 , xxx iv . 69-9 1 .

See T A RDUCC I , No. 54 1 .

FERNANDEZ DURO (CESAREO) LOS Cabotos . (34 8)In the Boletin de la Rea l Academia de la Histor ia ,—Madr id ,

March,1 89 3 , xxi i . 2 57-282 .

A summary of H ARR I SSE, BELLEMO,TARDUCC I , and especial ly

ADERO. Captain Duro develops the suggest ion that the d ifficu lties into which Cabot was d rawn du ring his La P lata exped i tiongrew out of the jealousy of the Spanish pi lots and carto raphers ,who fel t injured by the fab!that they were serving under a ffneignerA ccord ing to P ROWSE, No . 4 90, p . 30 , Capta in Duro “ brand s

Sebastian as a tra itor to Spa in in a review of MADERO, No . 4 4 3 ,

in La Espa fia Moderna,—Madr id

,1 892 . (34 9)

Capta in Duro ’ s article on La Cosa ’ s map of 1 500 i s ment ionedin the notes to No .

FERNANDES PINHEIRO (JOAQUIM C A ET ANO) .The Spanish version of SOUTHEY ’

S Bra z il i s d escribed in the

notes to NO. 528 .

FISKE (JOHN) The discovery of America wi th some

account of ancien t Amer ica and the Spanish conques t byJohn F iske—Boston MDCCCXC I I (350 )

8vo . 2 volumes . T pp I I I xxxvr 5 1 6 ,T pp i i i

xxiv 6 3 1 4 maps. A l so i ssued,2 50 Copies, on la rge paper

in fou r volumes .A good summa ry of what was accompl ished by the C abots,

closely fo l lowing B ARR I SSE, NO. 3 8 3 , i s in Chapter Vi i . i i . 1 - 17.

FLEMING (S A NDFORD) Expedi t ions to the Pacific. W i tha br ief reference to the Voyages ofD iscovery in seas con

t iguous to Canada, in conneétion wi th a Wes tern Passagefrom Europe to As ia . By Sandford F leming . (35 1 )

In the Transa fl ions of the Roya l Society of Canada ,—Montrea l,1 890, Vi i . seét. i i . 89

-1 4 1 map . A lso i ssued separately .

In the winter of 1 89 5-96 , Sir Sandford Flem ing and Sir Mac

kenzie Bowel l mad e an informa l trip to England for the purpose ,among Others , of arou s ing interest and secu ring Engl ish co o- perat ion i n the proposed Canad ian celebration of the Cabot quad ricentennia l . Si r Sandford made an add ress before the Roya l

K

Cabot Bibl iography

Colonia l Inst itute, 9 June, 1 8 9 6, which was printed in its Proceed ings , xxv i i . 3 98-4 2 2 , and was widely ci rcu lated in separate form .

He a l so spoke at the d inner mentioned in the note under B R I STOL,NO. 28 1 . (3 52 )

FORSTER (JOH ANN RE INHOLD ) Geschich te der Ent

deckungen und Schiffahrten im Norden. Mit neuen

Originalkar ten versehen . Von Johann Reinhold Forster .

—Franckfur t an der Oder 1784 . (353 )8vo . Pp xx iv (including title) 59 6 +

0(2 ) 3 maps .

R ei ssu ed , w ith a new,und ated tit le, giving a Ber lin imprint ,

the author’ s name being given a s J. H . Forster. Trans lated intoEngl ish , -London

,1 78 6 ; T 3 pp xv i 4 89 8 l l 3

maps, 4 to : repririted wi th Dublin imprint, the co l lation being the

same , but the forma t In 8VO. There 18 a lso a French ed ition.

The account of Cabot in thi s important work , wh ich exerted a

considerable influence at the t ime of i ts appearance, i s on pp . 3 1 0

3 1 3 , o r 2 66 269 of the Engl ish edition.

FOSTER (W ILLI AM E A TON) Ear ly engl ish explorat ions ofAmer ica . A . The voyages Of the Cabo ts

,14 97

98. (354 )In the Monthly Reference Lists, prepared by the Librarian Of the

P rovidence Publ ic Libra ry,—New York, August,1 884 , i v. 27

-2 8 .

A short annotated b ibl iography of the more access ib le book s .

FOX (LUKE) Nor th-vvcst fox,or

,Fox from the Nor th

,

wes t passage . Beginning Wi th K ing Arthvr,Malga

Oéi hvr, the two Zeni’

s of Iseland,Es to t i land

,and Dorgia

Fo llowing wi th briefe Abstraéts of the Voyages of Cabo t,

Frobisher W i th the Au thor his owh e Voyage,being

the xvi’h . wi th the Opin ions and Col leéi ions Of the mos tfamous Ma-thematicians

,and Cosmographers . By

C aptaine k c Fox Of Kingstone vpon Hul l—London1 63 5 . (355 )

Smal l 4 to . T 5 11 pp 1 2 56 map : see the elaborateco l lation In NO. 3 56 , p . cxxvi i .The Cabot narrat ives, pp . 1 3-1 6, are derived from H AKLUYT .

R eprinted in

FOX (LUKE) The voyages of Captain Luke Foxe of

Hul l,and Capta in Thomas James of Br is tol

,in search Of

a nor th-wes t passage, in 163 1-32 wi th narra t ives of the

ear lier nor th-west voyages . Edi ted,wi th Notes and an


Cabot Bibl iography

no Title to that vas t Empire, from New-found-land to Cape-Floridasome such there be ; A gainst all. H is Majesties R ight inthose parts, i s I . By D iscovery from H en

?’ the 7th t ime

,by Sebas

tian Cabott, for which he had a Pent ion O 200 M arks per annum.

There i s a note to this “ stumbl ing block of a l l hi storians in

the Gorges Society reprint of th i s traét, ed ited by Dr . C . E . Banks—Por tla nd, Maine,1 884 sma l l 4 to , facsimi le T T pp 5

-8 3 .

See p . 1 7 for references to DOYLE , D ’

A VEZA C , STRACHEY and

THEVET . (3 5 1 )

GAY (S IDNEY HOW A RD) .

See B RYANT,NO. 2 88 , for B ryant and Gay ’ s Popu lar H istory ,

a large part of which was wri tten by Mr . Gay.

GEORGE (WI LL I AM ) Sebas t ian Cabo t and Richard Eden.

(362)In Notes a nd c r ies ,—London, 27 March

,1 8 58, z ud series

,V.

2 6 3 .

See LUCAS,No . 4 3 9, and MARKLAND , No . 4 55 .

Thi s communicat ion wa s fo l lowed by a spi rited controversy between Mr. George and Mr . P ryce, NO. 4 98 , in the B ri sto l newspapers for March

,A pri l, and May , 1 8 58 , in regard to the evi dence

that Sebastian Cabot was born in B risto l . (3 6 3)

GEORGE (WI LL I AM) The portrait of Sebas tian Cabo t .(364 )

In the Times and Mir ror ,—Br istol, 3 November, 1 869 . Re

printed , w ith the omission of the wri ter ’ s name and of the closingparagraph wh ich ment ions the hi storical wo rk s of M r. B idd le

,in

the Daily Post,—Pittsburg , Pennsylvania , 1 8 December, 1 869 . From

thi s it was copied into the Histor ica l Maga z ine for November, 1 8 69 ,z ud series, vi . 3 06-3 07.

Thi s wa s apparently the first publ ic announcement in Englandof the destruéi ion of the H arford-Bidd le portrai t of Cabot, No. 6 1 ,in 1 84 5 .

The d iscovery that the portra it of Cabot cou ld hard ly have beenpa inted by Holbein was largely due to the researches ofMr . Georgesee note under N IC HOLL S, No . 4 68.

GEORGE (WILL I AM) The H is tory of the Portrai t of

Sebas tian Cabo t . (365)In the Transaéi ions of the B ristol and G loucestershi re A rchaeo

logica l Society,1 879 , i i i . 1 9

-2 1 p late. The p late i s an im

pression from the o riginal p late of SEYER’

S engraving from theH arford portrai t, see No . 522 .

See note to PERRY, No. 4 78.

CflbOt Bibl iography 1 3 3

GODWYN (MORGAN) Annales of England. Con taining the Reignes of Henry the E ighth

,Edward the S ix t

,

%ueene Maryy . Wr i t ten in La t in by the Righ t Honorle and Righ t Reverend Fa ther in God

,Francis Lord

B ishop of Hereford,Thus Engl ished

,correé’ted and inlar

ged wi th the A utlior ’s consent,by Morgan Godwyn

London 1630 . (366)Smal l fol io . T 6 l l pp 1

W i l loughby ’ s voyage, set forth by “ Sebastian Cabota a Portuga l l, ” i s described under 1 5 5 3 , p. 2 59 .

GRAVIERE (JUR I EN DE L A ).See JURIEN DE LA GRAV IERE

,No . 4 25 .

GREENE (JEREMI AH EVA RTS) .M r . Greene ’

8 report to the American A nti quarian Society uponthe Cabots and the quad ricentennia l celebrat ion at H a l ifax In 1 897,i s in the Proceeding s of that Society for 2 1 Oé

’

tober, 1 897,—Worcester

,

1 8 98 9- 1 2 (3 67)

GRIFF IS (WILL I AM ELLIOT) The Romance of Dis

covery A Thousand Years of Explora t ion and the Un

vei ling Of Cont inen ts by Wi l l iam E l liot Gri ifis—Boston(368)

8vo. 2 T pp 5-304 plates .

Wri tten at the request of h is publishers in the yea r of the Cabotquadricentennia l . John Cabot, 1 0 5-1 1 1 .

GRISELIN I (FR ANCESCO) .The Venetian portrai t of the Cabots, which i s said to have been

painted by the A bbé G risel ini in 1 76 3 , i s mentioned in a noteunder JOHN CABOT, No. 20 .

HAEBLER (KONR AD) Die Neuwe Zei tung aus PresilgLand im F ii rstlich Fugger

’

schen Archiv. Von Dr .

Konrad Haebler . (369)I n the Zei tschr zft der Gesellschaftfi ir Erdkunde z u Ber lin, 1 89 5 ,xxx . 3 52

-3 68 .

Among the fore ign ventures entered into by the commercia lhouse of the Fuggers , through their representatives in Spain, whichare described in this a rt icle, was Sebastian Cabot ’ s Molucca La

P lata) exped ition of 1 526 . D r. H aeb ler quotes, p . 3 68, two Significant entries from the account books of the Fuggers, read ingSebastiano gabato Cosmographo hat Im Sebastian khurz gel ihen,

Cabot Bib l iography

dem er a in mappa mund i machen sol len, d as aber nit geschehen ,

noch wi r solch geld t auf vnser v i lfelt ig fordern von jm einbringenkhundeh , ha lten es fur verlorn . mrs . 22 50 . (3 69

3

)Seb . Gobeto cosmog rapho . D afri r hat er inest a in carta demarear

machen so l len, so aber hernachmals nit beschehen, vnnd i st d iser

j ar in Engeland t zogen, wi ssen ni t ob er noch bei leben i st , Oder ni t.mrs . 2250 . hat JOrg Stechcr gel iehen. (3 69

b)

HAKES (H ARRY) John and Sebas t ian Cabo t,

a four

hundred th anniversary memor ia l Of the d iscovery of

America . by Harry Hakes , M .D . Read before the

Wyoming H istor ical and Geologica l Socie ty,June 24 th

1 897. Prepared at the reques t and publ ished by the

Society—Wi lkes-Ba r ré,Penn ’

a . 1897. (370)8v0 . Cover T pp 3 -1 4 .

HALE (EDWARD E VERETT) Repor t Of the Council .(371 )

In the Proceed ings of the American A ntiquarian Society, 2 10&ober

,1 865 ,

—Cambr idge, 1 86 6,1 4 -5 3 .

The influence wrought in Engl ish society and l iterature by thed iscovery and first colonizat ion of th is continent the Cabot d i scovery, 1 9

-30 .

Dr . H a le fi rst cal led publ ic attention to the FABYAN Cronicou,No . 1 0 5 , in the Pr oceedings of the American A ntiquarian Societyfor 2 5 A pri l, 1 8 60

, 3 6-3 8 . (372 )

HALE (EDWARD EVERETT) Remarks of the Rev . EdwardE . Hale on Mr. Bergenroth

’s Le t ter . (373 )

In the Proceeding s of the American A ntiquarian Society, 24A pri l , 1 867,

—Cambr idge, 1 8 67, 3 8-4 2 .

See note under A YALA,No . 7

3

HALIBURTON (THOM A S C .) An historical and sta

tistical accoun t of Nova-Sco t ia, by Thomas C .

Ha libur ton—H a lifax 1 829 (374 )8v0 . 2 vo lumes. T pp II I-vi 34 0 Vi i i map 2 p latesT pp 4 53 i i i 2 tables 6 plates map.

A n undated reprint, with the imprint Ha lifax, i s said to havebeen published in London. Th is ed it ion conta ins 3 maps and 8

lates .PI t is stated on pp. 2 5 that the Cabot landfa l l i s genera l ly sup

posed to have been at Trinity Bay, Nova Scotia .


Cabot Bibl iography

d’

une cartographic, d’

unc bibliographic ct d’

une chrono

logie des voyages au nord-oues t de 1 4 97 it 1550 d’aprés

des documen ts inédi ts par Henry Harrisse—P a r isM .D .ccc .Lxxx11 (383 )

Large 8v0 . 2 T pp 4 00 map.

No . 1 in the R ecuei l d e voyages et de documents pour servi r al’his to ire d e la géographie Depu is le x i iie ju squ

’

a la fin du xvie

s iécle publ ié Sou s la d ireEtion de MM . Ch . Schefer et H enriCord ier. ”The map i s in colours , from a facs im i le of the Cabot 1 54 4 map

made by S . P i l inski . Measu ring inches, or

cmm. ,it g ives about ha lf of the North A tlantic, showing the

European and American coasts .The introduéi ory text, which shou ld be compared w ith No . 3 87

for an i l lustrat ion of how the author’ s conclusions were modifiedby fu rther study and long-cont inu ed considerat ion of the rea l mean

ing of the sources, is fo l lowed byNotes pou r servir a une class ification des oeuvres cartograph ique

de la premiére moi tié du xvi° s iécle concernant l ’Améri que septentriona le ; 1 3 9

-252 . Much of the information here given is not

repeated in No. 3 85 . (3 8 3 3 )Chrono logie ; 2 55-306 . (3 8 3b )A ppend ices, containing the origina l text of al l the Cabot sou rces

of which M r. H arrisse was aware in 1 88 2 309-3 66 . (3 8

B ibliographic. Nous n ’

avons inséré dans cette b ibliograph icque les ouvrages 1

°concernant les Cabot e’ crits par leurs contem

po ta ins ; 2°consacrés exclu sivement a ces navigateu rs ; 3 ° conte

nant d es a ssertions ou des ind ications qu i ne se trouvent pas a i l leu rs . ”A rranged Chronologically. (38 3

d)

HARRISSE (HENRY) Chris tophe Colomb son origine,sa

vie,

ses voyages,

sa fami l le 85 ses descendants d’aprésdes documents inédi ts par Henry Harrisse —P a r is

(384 )Large 8vo. 2 volumes . 2 T pp v-xi 4 59 2 T pp 5

605 3 p lates 2 maps 5 tables .No . Vi . in the Recuei l de Voyages deMM . Schefer et Cord ier.P riorité de la d écouverte du cont inent Les d roits de Jean

Cabot,” i i . 1 04 -1 1 1 , ana lyses the evidence for the dates 14 96 and

1 4 97.

HARRISSE (HENRY) The D iscovery Of Nor th America

a cri tica l,documen tary

,and h is tor ic inves tigation

,wi th

An Essay on the Ear ly Car tography Of the New Wor ld,

including Descr ipt ions of Two Hundred and F ifty Maps

or Globes exis t ing or lost,construfi ed before the year

Cabot Bibliography 1 37

1536 to which are added A Chrono logy ofOne HundredVoyages Westward

,Projeéfcd, Attempted, or Aecom

pl ished between 14 3 1 and 1504 ; B iographica l Accountsof the Three Hundred P i lots who firs t crossed the A t lantic ;and a Copious Lis t of the O rigina l Names of Amer ican

Regions,Caciqueships, Mountains

,Is lands

,Capes, Gulfs,

R ivers,Towns

,and Harbours . By Henry Harrisse

London,Henry S tevens and Son

,P a r i s

,H . Wel ter, 1 892 .

(385)4 10 . 2 T pp V-xI I 80 3 2 3 plates . 3 80 copies i ssued .

The First Voyage of John Cabot , 1 4 97. The C la ims of Sebastian Cabot . The Second Voyage of John Cabot, 1 4 98

-1 4 9 91 -50 . America bel ieved to be d i stinét from A s ia ; Opinions ofJohn Cabot, 1 07

-1 08 . Contemporary references to maps by JohnCabot, 4 0 6-4 0 8 . B iographica l outl ine ofSebastian Cabot’ s career ,70 6-70 8. D RAPER S’ COMPANY accounts, No. 94 , 74 7

-750 .

HARRISSE (HENRY) Sébastien Cabot, naviga teur véne

t ien . (386)In DRA P EYRON

,Rev ue de Ge

'

ographie,—Pa r is , November, 1 894March, i 8 9 5, xxxv. 3 8 1

-388 , 4 74

-4 8 1 , xxxvi . 1 6-2 3 , 97

-1 04 , 200

207. A l so i ssued separately.

A review ofTA RDUC C I , No . 5 3 9 . Signed B . A . V .

HARRISSE (HENRY) John Cabot the discoverer ofNor thAmerica and Sebas t ian h is Son a chapter of the mar itime

his tory of England under the Tudors 1 4 96- 1 557 By

Henry Harr isse—London,B . F . S tevens

,1 896 . (3 87)

8V0 . 2 T pp v-xi 50 3 8 maps and facsimi les .Syllabu s of the o rigina l contemporary documents which refer to

the Cabots, to thei r l ives, and to thei r voyages, 1 4 9 6-1 557, 3 8 5

4 69 .

R eviewed in the Sa turdayRev iew ,—London, lxxxi . 25 5-256, and

el sewhere as noted under the reviewers ’ names .A translation into Spanish of the portions of chapters v .

-xi . which

dea l d ireé’tly wi th Cabot ’ s La P lata exped it ion, by S“. LAFONEQUEVEDO

,is d escribed as No .

Th i s work,the rea l cu lm inat ion of Mr . H arrisse

’s Cabotian

stud ies, is not a hi s tory ; i t i s rather a laboratory manua l, in whichthe student find s revea led each step of the processes through whichthe materia l of history has been forced

,in o rder that it m ight be

made to render up the truth which was concealed wi thin i t. Thesubjeél is pecul iarly su ited to the method of treatment adopted byMr .Harrisse—a treatment pecu l iarly adapted to his personal strengthas an investigator of hi storical problems . H is labours have been

Cabot Bibliography

of inestimable service in making possible, by succeed ing writer s ofh istory , a charaé

’

ter iz at ion of the work and the charaé’

ter of Sebast ian Cabot which sha l l be fa i r to human natu re and true to the

faé’

ts of h i story. H is magnificent services as investigato r and as

s tudent have transformed one Of the most perp lexing problems ofcolonia l hi sto ry into one of those most easi ly und erstood .

HARRISSE (HENRY) When did John Cabot discoverNor th Amer ica ? (388)

I n The Forum,—New York, June, 1 897, xx i ii . 4 6 3 -4 75 .

I s sued separately, wi th a postscript, a sJohn Cabot’ s d iscovery of North A merica the a l leged date and

land fa l l.8V0 . Cover 1 4 pp.

Reprinted in

HARRISSE (HENRY ) The discovery of Nor th America

by John Cabot,the al leged date and landfa l l a lso the

ship’

s name,the “Mat thew

,a forgery of Chat ter ton ?

Third edi t ion,

revised and enlarged—London,B . F .

S tevens,June 1 897. (389 )

1 2mO. T pp 3-4 8 1 p . errata .

The fi rst i ssu e of thi s ed ition was suppressed , in order that themathematica l correél ions might be embodied in the text. I t was

reprinted withou t the page of errata , but w ith a sl ip a t p . 30 . The

a lgebra ic refutation was revi sed , enlarged, and comp leted in No .

3 9 3 see notes under D'AW SON , NO. 3 1 8 , and the Rev iew oi s

tor ica l Publications rela ting to Canada ,—Toronto, 1 8 98 , i i . 3 2

-4 3 .

HARRISSE (HENRY) John Cabo t and the Mat thew.

(390)In Notes and Quer ies,—London, 2 6 June and 1 4 A ugust, 1 8 97,

8th series, xi . 50 1 -502, and xii . 1 2 9- 1 3 2 .

The fi rst of these communications was reprinted in NO. 3 89 , pp.

3 9-4 7. The second was i ssued separately, as

HARRISSE (HENRY ) The date of Cabot ’s discovery of

the American continent,and an a l leged forgery ofChat ter:

ton . A rejoinder by Mr . Henry Harrisse—London, B . I .

S tevens,1 897. (390

1

)

1 2mo . T pp 3- 1 2 .

The o ther side of th is controversy i s described under PROWSE,Nos . 4 9 3

-4 94 , and WEARE , No . 56 1 .


Cabot Bibl iography

H arrisse’

s publ icat ions at the end of No . 3 94 , as“Reprint of an

art icle publ ished in the North Amer ican Rev iew .

” I t is a charaél er istic expression of h is Opinions , as d rawn out by hisexaminationof the essays described und er DAWSON, DUFFERIN, LODGE, andMARKHAM . H is su rvey of the who le question end s with the

declaration that “ i t is proved beyond cavi l and Sophi stry thatSebast ian Cabot was only an unmit igated charlatan ,

a mendaciou sand unfil ia l boaster

,a would-be tra itor to Spain, a wou ld-be tra itor

to England .

HARRISSE (HENRY) The Cabots. (397)In the Transa ti ions of the Roya l Society of Canada

,—Ottaw a ,

1 898, 2md series , iv. sec . i i . 1 0 3- 1 0 6 .

Notes addres sed to the Roya l Society of Canada in reél ification

of some statements in papers contributed by M r . S . E . Dawson,

Nos. 3 1 6-3 20 presented by Si r John Bour inot and read May 25 ,1 8 98.

HART (ALBERT BUSHNELL).See No . 1 34 ; and CHANNING, No. 302 .

HARVEY (MOSES) The voyages and discover ies of the

Cabots,by the Rev . M . Harvey, of S t . John

’

s,Newfound

land . (398)In the Colleétions , 1 89 3

-1 895 , of the Nova Scotia H istorica lSociety,—Ha lifax, 1 89 5 , ix. 1 7

-37.

One of the earl iest suggest ions of the reasons for celebrat ing theCabot Quadriccntennial . See the Proceedings of the Roya l Societyof Canada

,-0ttaw a

, 1 89 5, xi i . xv i-xvi i , for an abstraé’

t of Dr.

H arvey ’ s letter advocat ing th is ce lebrat ion. A second letter, dated5 May, 1 89 6, i s printed in the Pr oceeding s , 1 89 6, xi i i . pp.

xxvi-xxv i ir see DAWSON, No . 3 1 8, pp . ix-xi . (3 981

)A Review of DAWSON, No . 3 17, by D r. H arvey, was printed in

the Ga z ette,—Montrea l , 30 Ju ly, 1 89 5. (3 99 )

The “ A dd ress at the Laying of the Foundat ion Stone of the

Cabot Memoria l Tower, Signa l H i l l, June 2 2nd , 1 897, By the

R ev’

d M . H arvey was printed in the Ev ening Hera ld ,—S t . 7ohn’s,

Newfoundland, 2 5 June, 1 8 97. (4 00)

HARVEY (MOSES) Newfoundland in 1 897being ueen

Vié’toria’s D iamond Jubi lee Year and the four hun redth

anniversary of the discovery of the Is land by John Cabo t-London

,Sampson Low,

1 897. (4 01 )1 2mo . T pp i i i

-xiv 20 3 map 24 plates.Dr . H arvey was the au thor of a Text Book of Newfoundla nd His

Cabot Bibl iography 14 1

tory , publ ished In Boston, 1 8 85 . This was revi sed and enlarged In

a second ed ition, A Short H istory of Newfoundland ,—London and

Glasgow , 1 8 90 . Thi s was fo l lowed by Newfoundland a s It is, 1 894 ,A handbook a nd Tour ists

’ Guide,—London, Kegan Paul , 1 894 . Each

of these works conta ins various statements regarding Cabot ’ s d iscovery of the i sland .

See H ATTON, No . 4 0 3 .

HASSALL (ARTHUR) .See note under BEAZLEY, No. 257.

HATTON (JOSEPH ) and HARVEY (MOSES) New

foundland The O ldes t Bri tish Colony, i ts his tory, itspresen t condi tion, and i ts prospecfts in the future. ByJoseph Hat ton and the Rev. M . Harvey

,supplemented

by Ar tist ic Contribu tions—London,1 883 (403 )

8vo . 2 T pp V-xxiv 4 89 8 p lates .A new edit ion was

R eprinted from the Engl i sh Ed ition ; revi sed , correéi ed ,and enlarged—Boston, 1 88 3 . (4 04 )

SW) . T pp i i i xix 4 3 1 8 plates map .

The account of the Cabot d iscovery , 1 -1 0 , recognizes that alldoubts , so far as the supposed landfa l l on Newfound land are con

cerned , were set at rest by the d i scovery of the 1 54 4 Cabot map .

HAYWARD (CH ARLES, JR . ) The Schoo l Library . Pub

lished under the sané’tion of the board of education of the

s tate of Massachuset ts . vo l . V . Lives of eminen t individuals

,celebra ted in Amer ican h is tory—Boston

,1 839 .

(405)1 2mo. 3 T pp I II-x11 3 80 facsrm . Cabot port .The Life of Sebastian Cabot, by M r . C . H ayward

, 85-1 34 , i s

a summary of B I DD LE and CAMP BELD.

HAYWARD (CH ARLES) The Library of American

biography conduC’ted by Jared Sparks. vol . ix.—Boston

,

1 838 . (4 06)1 2mo . 3 T pp v-xrr 3 58 facsimA n engraved t itle has a po rtra it of Sebastran Cabot From an

origina l Pa int ing by Holbein. G . F . Storm, se.

R eprinted , page for page, New York, 1 84 4 , and, without the

engraved t i tle, 1 8 56 .

The Life of Sebast ian Cabot,by Mr . H ayward , i s on pp. 90

- 1 62 .

I t I s an attempt to do ju stice to a man whose unobtrusive greatnes s has been studiou sly overlooked .

I 4 2 Cabot Bi bl iography

HAZARD (EBENEZER) .H azard ’ s Histor ica l Colleéi ions

,—Philadelph ia , 1792 , 2 volumes

quarto , are referred to in the notes to H ENRY VI I .

,No . 1 3 6 .

HELLWALD (FR I EDR ICH ANTON HE LLER VON) Sebast ian Cabo t . von Fr iedr ich von H ellwald—B er l in

,1871 .

(4 07)8vo . T pp 3

-4 3 .

In the Sammlung gemeznv ersta ndlicher w zssenschafl lzcherVortrage,herau sgegeben von Rud . Vi rchow und Fr. V. H oltz endorff, Vi .

series iv (cxxiv ) .

HERBERT (WI LL I AM) The history Of the twe lve grea tLivery Companies of London pr inc ipa l ly compi led fromtheir grants and records . Wi th an h istor ica l essay

,and

accoun ts Of each company, by Wi l liam Herber t—London,

the au thor,MDCCCXXXV I I - I 836) . (408)

8vo . 2 vo lumes . T pp i i i-xi i 4 98 table ; T pp

11-1111; 68 3 .

T he s ignificant portions of the document d escribed underDRAPER S ’ COMPANY , No . 94 , were fi rst printed , together withsome account of Cabot, in i . 4 1 0-4 1 2 .

HESSELS (JOH ANN HE INR ICH) .H essel ’ s b ibliography of ORTEL IUS i s described as No . 1 8 1 .

H IGGINSON (THOM A S WENTWORTH ) .Mr. H igginson ’ s Book of American Explorers, -Boston

,1 877, i s

ment ioned under H AKLUYT, No . 1 3 3h

. (4 09 )

H ILLIARD (GEORGESee note under B IDD LE , No . 2 62 , for Mr . H i l liard ’s article on

Cabot in the North Amer ica n Rev iew ,—Boston

,A pri l , 1 8 32 , xxxiv.

4 05-4 28 .

THE HISTORY of the Bri t ish dom in ions in Nor thAmer ica from the firs t d iscovery of that vast continen t bySebas tian Cabo t in 14 97, to its present glor ious es tablishment as confirmed by the late treaty of peace in 1763 .

London,MDCCLXX I I I . (4 10)

4 10 . T 6 l l pp 3-297 275 map.


Cabot Bibl iography

In the Bulletin-Transac‘tions,1 8 86-1 8 89 , of the Geographica l

Society Of Quebec , 1 889 , 1 . 67-78 2 maps.A n effort .to refute No . 4 1 3 , and to locate the landfa l l on Labrador.

HOWLEY (MI CH A EL F .) Cabo t’s Landfal l . (4 16)In the Maga z ine of Amer ica n History

—New York,Oé

’

tober,1 89 1 , xxvi . 2 67-2 88 .

A strong reply to No. 4 1 5 and to BEAUDOU IN, NO. 2 55, in favou rof a landfal l at Cape Bonavi sta .

HOWLEY (M I CH A EL F. ) Cabo t’s Voyages . A lc€turedel ivered in S t . Pa tr ick ’s Hal l

,for the A thenze um

,S t .

John’

s,Newfound land

,by the Right Rev. B ishop Howley,

January 1 1 th,1 897. (4 17)

8vo . 2 T pp 3-3 9 map .

A n argument in favour of a landfall at Cape St . John, supportedby the suggestion that Cabot sighted the southern point of Greenland

,fol lowing d ireé’tions received in I celand . The i deas ofDAW

SON appear to him Obviously absurd and imposs ible to peopleborn w ith the ‘

nautica l sense, ’ as we are here in Newfound land .

”

The Orat ion , On the Occasion of the Laying of the Foundat ion Stone of the Cabot Signa l Tower and Jubi lee Memo rial byR ight R ev. B ishop Howley was printed in the Ev ening Hera ld ,St. 703 1111, N.F.,

2 5 June, 1 897. (4 1 8)

HUDD (ALFREDM r. H udd

’

s introduéi ion to “ the Cabot Rol l i s ment ionedunder KEMYS , NO . 1 52 .

HUGHES (WALTER WI LLI AM) A Shor t account of theCabots and the F irs t Discovery of the Con t inen t of

America . Compiled for the Cabo t Celebra t ion Commi t teebyWal terWi ll iam Hughes

,Member of the Br is tol Town

Counci l—B r istol, 8th March , 1 897. (4 19)

8v0 . Pp . 1 -8 .

A very carefu l statement, unu sual ly moderate for an avowed lyloca l essay , of the conneé

’

tion between the Cabot s and B ri stol .

HUGUES (LU IG I) Le navigaz ioni di G. e S . Cabo toMemoria del Professore L. Hugues . (4 20)

In the Memor ie della Societd Geog rafica Ita l iana ,—Rome, 1 878, i .pt. i i i . 275

-3 1 3 . A lso i ssued separately .

Cabot Bi bl iographyA u sefu l d i scuss ion of the idea that Cabot may have secured m

format ion or suggestions from the Iceland trad itions .

HUMBOLDT (ALEX ANDER, B ARON VON) Examen cr i

t ique de l’histoire de la géographie du nouveau con tinentct dcs progrés dc l

’

astronomie nau t ique aux quinz iéme et

seiz ieme s iécles par A lexandre de Humbo ldt—P a r is1 836(- I 839 ) . (4 21 )

8vo . 5 volumes . T pp ii i-xxvrr 3 62 ; 373 ; 4 07 ; 3 3 6

2 6 3 4 maps . R ei ssued,1 8 3 9 , w ith 2 maps .

There are German ed itions,Ber lin, 1 8 3 6( and 1 8 52 : the

latter has a much needed ind ex .

T he priori ty of Cabot’ s di scovery of the American ma inland i s

noted , iv . 2 30 2 3 2 , with a footnote conta ining les documens les

p lu s importans pou r l ’histoire des deux prem ieres navigat ions deSébastien Cabot .”

HUNT (WI LLI AM) H istoric Towns—Bris tol byWi l l iamHunt—London

,Longmans

,1 887. (4 22)

8vo . 2 T pp v xi i i 2 30 4 maps .The account Of the Cabots, 1 2 6 1 3 5 , fo llows DEANE Closely.

JIMENEZ DE LA ESPADA (MARCOS) Relacionesgeographicas dc Indias publicalas c l m in is ter io dc fomen to .

Per th—Madr id 1893 . (4 23 )Spani sh fol io . 2 volumes . 2 T pp v-clv 2 1 6 Cl ix ; 2

T pp V-l 24 2 c lvi i i .A footnote In vol . i . p . xxx

,made known the reference to a map

d rawn by Sebastian CABOT, NO. 4 4 .

JONES (JOHN W INTER) D ivers voyages touch ing the

d iscovery ofAmer ica and the is lands adjacen t . Co l leé’red

and publ ished by Richard Hakluy t, prebendary of Br is to l

,

in the year 1582 . Edited,W i th No tes and an In tro

duéi ion,by John W in ter Jones

,of the Bri tish Museum .

—London,Hakluy t Socie ty

,M .DCCC .L . (424 )

8vo . 2 T 1 1 + pp cxi 1 71 6 2 maps facsim ile .

See H AKLUYT,No . 1 2 5 . T he ed itoria l comments on Cabot ' s

writings are on p. lv i i, and on B idd le’ s Striétures on Hak luyt,on

pp . lxvi i i-lxxi i i , lxxxvi Ii-lxxxix .

JURIEN DE LA GRAVIERE (JE A N 8 1111 1 13 1 1;

EDMOND) Les marins du xve

et du xvi°

Siccle par le vice

amiral Jurien de la Graviere—P a r zs 1 879 . (4 25 )

Cabot Bibliography

8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T pp 3 2 1 Cabot map ; 2 T pp344 map .

0

La Map emonde d e Sébast icn Cabot, I . 207-3 2 1 , is the sub

head ing 0 part i i which dea l s principally w ith the E ngl ish d iscovery of Ru ss ia . A portion of thi s part was printed in the Rev uedes Deux Mondes , - Pa r is, 1 5 June , 1 876 , xv. 757

-784 , w ith the

head ing Sébastien Cabot ct Si r HughWi l loughby.

KERR (ROBERT) .The t itle of Kerr’ s Collec‘i'ion of Vgrages , 1 8 1 1 - 1 8 24 , is quoted

under STEVENSON,No. 5 34 .

K IDDER (FRED ER ICK) The d iscovery of Nor th America

by John Cabo t. A fi rs t Chapter in the history of NorthAmerica . (426)

In the New Eng land Histor ic-Genea log ica l Reg ister ,—Boston,Oé

’

tober , 1 878 , xxx i i . 3 80-3 89 . Reprinted separate ly, with a map .

R ead before the Ma ine H i storica l Society, 1 7 February, 1 874 .

The Cabot 1 54 4 map and PA SQUA LIGO, NO. 1 8 3 , persuadedM r. Kidder that Cabot ci rcumnavigated P rince Edwa rd I s land andfo l lowed the coast of the Gulf of St . Lawrence unti l he had ex

plored 3 00 leagues , befo re he tu rned homeward . Thi s theo ry wasmade the subjeél of extended not ices in the Boston da i ly newspapers .

KOHL (JOH ANN GEORG) Die beiden a ltesten GeneralK artcn von Amerika . Ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1 527und 1 529 auf befeh l Ka iser Kar l ’s V . Im Bes i tz der

grossherz oglichen Bibl iothek z u Weimar . E rlautert von

J. G. Koh l—Weima r,Geographisches Ins t i tu t, 1860

Imperia l 4 to. 2 T pp v-x 1 8 5 2 facs imi le maps .On pp . 1 4 6-1 5 1 , Der La P lata-Strom ,

D r. Kohl Shows thatR I BERO in his 1 529 maps used the informat ion which Cabot senthome to Spa in in 1 528 by the Tr inidad ; see the Introduél ion, , p .

xxIx.

KOHL (JOH ANN GEORG) A descript ive ca talogue of

those Maps, Char ts and Surveys rela t ing to America,

wh ich are men tioned in Vol . I I I . of Hakluyt’

s GreatWork

,by J . G . Koh l—Wa shington 1857.

8vo . T pp 3-86 .

The references to map s made by the Cabots are d iscussed on pp .

1 1 -1 6 .


Cabot Bibl iography

These correé’

tions made a materia l addi t ion to the knowledge of

Cabo t’s itinera ry during these years, and effeftually supersede everyother account of that exped ition .

LAMB (MARTH A JOANN A RE ADE).See the note under T RUAx

,No . 55 3 .

LAMBERT DE ST . BRl S (THOMAS H .) Reéi ifi

caciones histér icas (extraéto ) viajes dc Vespucio y Caboto .

America,nombre de origen indigena . E l cé lebre y mas

antiguo conoc ido mapa de Amér ica dc Juan de la CosaBa r celona 1 892. (4 3 1 )

8VO. Cover 2 T pp I I I-xxII 5-27.

There i s a curiou s i l lu strat ion of the ease w i th which Spec ia lplead ing can pervert the apparent s ignificance of histo rica l data

,in

the pa ragraphs headed , “aSi exi st i an prueba s d e un viaje trasatlant ico a l xv siglo por Juan 6 Sebastiano Caboto pp . 2 1 -2 3 .

LANZAA letter, wri tten in Venice, 2 9 March , 1 876 , concerning the

claims of Chioggia to be the b i rthplace of John Cabot, i s notedunder BULLO, NO . 290

1

LARNED (JOSEPH NELSON) .The account of Cabot in the H istory for Ready Refierence,from the

best histor ians , biog r apher s , and specia l ists in the Eng lish La nguage,edited by M r. Larned ,—Spr ingfield , Ma ssa chusetts

,1 894, i . 5 1

-54 ,

v . 3 678 , i s from BANC ROFT, DEANE, and KOH L . (4 3 2 )

LA ROQUE (LOUI S D E ) Armor ia l de la Noblesse dcLanguedoc généra li té dc Mon tpel lier par M . Lou is de la

Roque—M intpellz'

er (P a r i s) 1 860 . (4 3 3 )Large 8VO . 2 volumes . 2 T pp V-xxix 560 ; xvi 4 63

p late.

In the account Of the Cabots de la Fare et de Dampmartin, I I .

1 6 3- 1 65 , the fami ly l ine i s traced from the A nglo-Venetian d is

coverer , through Lou is,fils d e Jean , retire’ en France demeu rant

a St. Pau l la Co ste, dans les Cévennes Se’ bastien mou rut en

France sans po stérité . ” The a rms, d

’

azur a troi s chabots d ’

or,

”

wi th the d ev ice, semper cor caput Cabot , are the same as those of

the Cabot fami ly on the Jersey I sland s, from whom the New

England Cabots C la im d escent : see note und er LODGE, NO . 4 3 8 .

These do not correspond wi th the motto on the Cabot po rt ra it, No.

6 1 . M r . H ARRI SSE describes his fru itless efforts to d i scover some


t race of evidence to suppo rt the c la ims of the French or the JerseyCabots , in hi s Cabot, pp . 3 8 1

-3 84 .

LATIMER (JOHN) Bris to l : its associations and surroundings

,H is tor ica l

,Li terary

,Scien t ific

,Ant iquar ian

,Socia l

and Commercia l in conneé’tion with the visi t Of the

B ri tish Associa t ion for the advancemen t of sc ience,1 898.

Descript ive Text by John La t imer—B r istol. (4 34 )Oblong 8vo . Cover pp 96 .

T he Cabots , 6 2-6 3 .

LELEWEL (JOACHIM) Géographie du moycn age, étudrec

par Joachim Lelewel—B ruxelles,1 852. (4 35)

8vo . 4 vo lumes , w ith atlas .Besides u sefu l working engravings of the maps which suggest

the resul ts of the Cabot voyages, there is a pass ing reference to

them,I i . 1 4 0 .

LEON PINELO (ANTON IO DE) Epi tome de la bibl ioteca Orienta l i Occiden ta l

,Nau tica i Geografica. Por

el Licenciado Antonio de Leon Re lator de l Supremo i

Rea l Consejo de las Indias—Madr id,M .DC .xx1x. (4 36)

Smal l 4 to . T 4 3 l l pp 1 86 xi i i .A revi sed ed it ion has the t itle

LEON PINELO (ANTON IO D E) Epi tome . . dc Leon

Pinelo coroni sta maior de las indias , anadido, y en

mcndado nuevamen te por mano del marques dc

Torre-Neuva,su Secre tar io del Despacho Universa l de

Hacienda,Indias

,i Mar ina—Madr id

,

(437)

Fol io . 3 vo lumes . T 20 11 columns (2 on each page) 15 3 6 pp 5 37

-5 3 8 + 11 5 3 9-56 1 5 3 11; T (1731

8) 1 1 + col .

56 1-9 1 2 l l 9 1 3 9 20 D ivxxi Divxxxii col . 9 2 1 1 1 9 1 + 11

1 1 92-1 1 99 Mcc-Mccxxxvi i i ; T 1 l col . 1 200-1729 pp

1 - 1 3 3 .

See the note under RAMUS IO,No . 1 9 5

”,for an account of the

references under Cabot ’ s name, p . 4 5, 1 629 ed ition i . col . 377,1 737 edition. The reference under Graja les i s d iscussed in the

notes to CABOT, No.

LODGE (HENRY C A BOT) The home of the Cabots

Cabot Bibl iography

In the Nineteenth Century—London, May, 1 897, ccxl ii i . 734 -73 8 .

Reprinted in the Ecleéi ic Maga z ine for June, 1 897, and,in book

form, in LODGE, Cer ta in Accepted Her oes,—New York, H arpers ,

1 897, 1 89-200 .

Thi s i s an effort to rove that the strongest evidence we haveshows that the men w 0 gave E ngland her ti tle to No rth America

sprang from tho se Channel I sland s (Jersey) which have beena pa rt of G reat B ri tain ever since Wi ll iam the Conqueror seizedthe Engl ish C rown.

”Some of the cu rious inconsi stencies in the

argument are pointed ou t in the Rev iew of Histor ical Literature rela ting to Canada ,

—Toronto,1 898 , i i . 3 5

-37 ; see a l so H ARR I SSE ,

No . 3 9 6 .

LUCAS (SAMUEL) Sebas tian Cabot .In Notes a nd Quer iesf—London, 6 March, 1 8 58 , 2nd series , v .

I 9 3- 1 94This is one of the early declarat ions that Sebastian was a liar.

I t is a continuat ion of a discus sion a s to his birthplace , previouslyconduél ed through the B ri stol newspapers see the references underGEORGE

,No. 3 62.

MACDONALD (WI LL IAM) The landfal l Or Cabo t and

the ex ten t of his d iscoveries . (44 0)In the Proceedings of the Ma ine H istorical Society ,—Portland,

1 897, vi ii . 4 1 6-4 2 6 .

A very sensible statement, based upon HARR I SSE .

MACKINTOSH (CH A RLES HERBERT) Cabot and o therwes tern explorers . By the Hon . C . H . Mackintosh

,

Lieutenan t-governor of the N . W. Terri tor ies . (44 1)In the Ca nadian Maga z ine,

—Toronto,December, 1 89 6, vi i i . 1 50

1 56 .

MACPHERSON (A . C .) The Good Ship “Mat thewor four hundred years ago. A Poem by A . C . Ma hcrson.

- B r istol. (4 4 2)Smal l 4 to . Cover 2 T pp 5

-3 1 .

MADERO (EDUARDO) H is tor ia del puer to de BuenosA ires por D . Eduardo Madero . Tomo I . Descubri

miento del R io dc la P lata y de sus principa les aflucntes yfundacion dc las mas an t iguas C iudades cn sus margenes

Buenos Air es 1 892. (44 3 )La rge 8vo . T pp 3 89 .


Cabot Bibl iography

written in manu script mccccxcvrr wi th the lines forming the V not

jo ining at the bottom.

MARKHAM (ALBERT H A STINGS) .A dm iral Markham’ s edition of DAV I S, Voyages and Works,

London, 1 880 , i s d escribed as No . 87.

MARKHAM (CLEMENTS ROBERT) The voyages of

Wi ll iam Baffin, 16 1 2- 1622 . Edi ted by C lemen ts R .

Markham .-London

,Hakluy t Socie ty

,MDCCC LXXX I .

(4 47)8V0 . 2 T 2 l l pp l ix 1 9 2 port . 5 maps .“ A n excel lent system of keeping log books , inaugu rated by

Sebastian Cabot, was enfo rced by the Muscovy Company, p. xxx .

MARKHAM (CLEMENTS ROBERT) A life of JohnDavis

,the naviga tor

,1 550- 1605 , d iscoverer of Davis

s trai ts . By C lemen ts R . Markham .—London 1 889 .

(44 8)8vo . 2 T 2 l l pp 30 1 5 plates 4 maps .The reference to the Cabots on p . 1 5 afford s an interesting i l lus

tration of the d ifficu l ty experienced by the most tho rough ly ihformed students in avo id ing the trad itiona l errors of the C abotianlegend s .

MARKHAM (CLEMENTS ROBERT) Life of Chris topherColumbus . By C lemen ts R . Markham .

—London 1892 .

(4 4 9)8vo. 2 T 2 11 pp 375 3 p lates 8 maps.Cabo t, 226-2 3 3 .

MARKHAM (CLEMENTS ROBERT) Co lumbus,and the

Four th Centenary of his D iscovery. By C lements R .

Markham . (4 56)In the Proceedings Of the Roya l Geographica l Society ,—London,

September, 1 89 2 , xiv. 5 8 5-6 1 3 portrai t

The voyages of Cabot and Cortereal In their hearings on the

work of Columbu s, 60 1 -602.

MARKHAM (CLEMENTS ROBERT) The journal of

Chris topher Co lumbus (Dur ing h is Firs t Voyage, 1 492

and documen ts re la t ing to the voyages of JohnCabo t and Gaspar Cor te Rea l. Trans lated, wi th No tes

Cabot Bibl iography 153

and an Introduéi ion,by C lemen ts R . Markham .

-London,

Hakluy t Society,M .DCCC.xc 111. (4 5 1 )

8VO . 2 T 2 1] pp l iv 2 59 plate 4 maps .John Cabot

,ix-xxi i ; Sebast ian Cabot, xx i i-xl iv ; Documents,

1 97-2 26 . This is the standard colleé’tion of Engl ish renderings of

the important Cabot documents .See DAWSON

,NO. 3 1 8 , for the letter from S ir C lement s Mark

ham to Dr . J . G . Bourinot , d ated London , 2 6 A pri l , 1 8 9 6 , raisingvery so l id reasons for a Cabot celebrat ion ”

and show ing that.

Cabot mu st therefore be considered to have been the founder ofB rit ish marit ime enterpri se.

”

(4 52)

MARKHAM (CLEMENTS ROB ERT ) Four th cen tenaryof the voyage OfJohn Cabot

,14 97. (4 53 )

In The Geog raphica l 7ournal of the Roya l Geographica l Society ,—London , June, 1 897, ix. 604 -6 1 5 map.

The d iscussion which fol lowed the read ing of thi s paper, 1 2 A pril ,1 897, i s d escribed under CHU RC H , PAYNE, and P ROWSE . The

map of the North A tlantic by F . S . Wel ler,F shows the

suggested routes of Co lumbu s in 1 4 9 2 and Cabot in 1 4 97.

In 1 89 3 , Sir C lements Ma rkham cons idered that the north end of

Cape B reton was “exaél ly the land fa l l the Ma tthew might be

expeél ed to make und er the circumstances exi sting in 1 4 97.

Fu rther considerat ion led h im in 1 897 to think that this , a l thoughbarely poss ible, was unl ikely

,and that taking Sonc ino’

s accountof the voyage by itself

,there can be no quest ion that Bonav i sta

bay, on the east coast of Newfound land , was the landfa l l .”Together, these e ssays present the best account of wha t was real lyaccompl ished by the Cabots .The relat ion of the Cabot s to the genera l cu rrent Of geographica l

evolut ion, from an E ngl i sh po int of View ,i s suggested in an essay

on the progres s of d iscovery , by C . R . M . ,in the Ency clope dia Br i

tannica, n inth edition, London, 1 875 , x . 1 8 3 ; see a l so xix. 3 1 6 .

The account of Sebast ian Cabot, iv. 6 22-62 3 , i s not Signed . (4 54 )

MARKLAND (JAMES H EYWOOD) Sebas t ian Cabo t .(4 55)

In Notes a nd Quer ien—London, 2 Janua ry, 1 8 58 z ud series , v . 1 -2 .

Thi s i s an ab straé’

t of the documents d i scovered by RAWDONB ROWN, and described as No . 1 8 . See the note to GEORGE, No .

3 62 .

MATHEWS (EDW ARD ROBERT NORR IS) Cabo t and

the s tory of the Harford Por trai t. Edi ted by E . R . Norr is

Mathews—B r istol,1 897. (4 56)

1 8mo. Port . T pp 5-4 2 .

Cabot Bibl iography

This is an account, taken from a contempora ry manu scriptca lenda r, of the cu riou s ci rcumstances by which the portra it d escribed as NO. 6 1 , came into the possess ion of Mr. H arford , andafterwa rd s passed to Mr. B idd le . See the note, No . 378 , underHarford .

MEMOIRES DES COMMISSAIRES du roi et de ceuxde sa majes té B ri tannique

,Sur les possessions 8: les droi ts

rcspcéi ifs des deux Couronnes en Amérique ; Avec lesAé’tes publics ct Piéces justificatives . tome premier

A P a r is, de l’

imprimer ie roya le . M .DCCLV .

Tome quatr iéme,Contenan t les derniers Mémoires

sur l’

Acadic,Sc umMémoire des Comm issaires du Roi

sur l’ISlc dc Tabago—A P a r is

,dc l

’

imprimerie royale.

M .DCCLV I I . (4 57)

4 to. 4 vo lumes . IV . T 2 11 pp xxv 6 54 map.

T he fi rst three volumes were reprinted severa l t imes,in English

a

gd in French

,but the fou rth volume does not appea r in any o ther

e Itron .

In a rticle xxiv of the ir reply to the defence offered by the FrenchCommiss ioners, the Engli sh rep resentat ives, Mess rs . W. Shirleyand W 111. M ildmay

, presented an extremely ca reful statement of

the aé’

tua l faél s obta inable in regard to the d iscoveries made bJohn Cabot in 1 4 97. In thi s historica l statement, of wh ich Frenchand Engl ish versions are printed on pp, 4 58

-4 70, there is a lmost

nothing which has been proven to be u ntrue by the researches ofM r.

H arr isse and hi s predeces sors , nor have many add itions of materia limpo rtance been ma de to the faéi s therein set forth . In reply tothis, the F rench Commissioners, the A bbé de la Vi l le and MM . d e

S ilhouette and de la Gal issoniére , on pp . 4 70-4 9 6 , developed with

great ski l l the confl ié’

ting ev idence which appears to Show thatSebastian was the rea l d i scoverer, and that absolutely no rel iancecan wi th confidence be placed on the Cabot documents printed byH ak luyt. E xtraé

’

ts , in French , from H ak luyt,Ramusio

,Goma ra ,

Wytfl iet, and Ma rtyr are append ed , pp . 54 7 554 .

This a rgument by a French d ip lomatist i s, chrono logica l ly andprobably in fa&, the beginning of the m isunderstand ing wh ich formo re than a centu ry confused everyone who undertook to study theh isto ry of the Cabot d iscoveries. The Eng l ish representat ives in1 75 3 found no d ifficulties in a rriving at what we now know to be

the faél s about what happened in 1 4 97. The i r opponents, aftingwel l within thei r rights, appl ied the subtleties of controvers ia l logicto the Sou rces of information ; and i t has taken hi storica l studentsa hund red and fifty years to unravel the resu l ting tangle. The

theo ries advanced in thi s book qu ick ly found their way into the

standard French works of reference ; the desire to refute these


Cabot Bibliography

There i s a sketch of Cabot’s La P lata voyage, d erived from the

stand ard hi storica l works on the A rgent ine R epubl ic, on pp . 1 88

1 9 1 .

NAVARRETE (MART IN FERNANDEZ DE) Co leccion

dc los viages y descubr im ien tos, que hicieron por mar los

espa'

r’

io lcs desde fines del siglo XV,con var ios documen tos

inédi tos concernien tes a la h is tor ia de la marina cas tel lanay de los cstablecimientos eSpa ii o les en indias, coord inada éi lustrada por Don Mar t in Fernandez de Navarre teM adr id

,en la imprenta rea l

,1 825(-1 837) (4 63 )

4 to . 5 volumes . T 1 l + pp cl i 4 55 + map ; T + 4 55 ;T xv 64 2 ; xc 4 1 6 ; T 50 1 .

There are documents relating to Sebastian Cabot ’ s Spanish careerin i i i . 3 1 9 , iv. 3 3 9

-34 1 ; v. 3 3 3 .

NAVARRETE (MART IN FERNANDEZ D E) Disertacion

sobre la h is to r ia de la nau t ica,y de las C iencias ma tema

t icas que han contr ibu ido asus progresos en tre los espaiioles.Obra p6stuma del Excmo . S ’ . D . Mar tin FernandezNavarre te ha publica la Rea l Academia de la H is toriaM adr id 1 84 6 (4 64 )

8vo . 2 T pp 5-4 2 1 .

On p. 1 3 8 Cabot’ s ca reer i s ci ted in i l lustration of the manner inwhich foreigners were d rafted into the Spani sh serv ice . Lo rdUl ibe (i .e. W i lloughby ) i s referred to as Mi lort W l ive.

”

NAVARRETE (MART IN FERN ANDEZ DE) Coleccion

de opri scu los de l Excmo . S”. D . Martin Fernandez deNavarre te la dan a luz D . Eustaqu io y D . FranciscoFernandez de Navarre te—Madr id 1 84 8 (4 65 )

8vo. 2 volumes. 2T pp V-xvi 3 84 2 l l : 3 84 1 1.

For Cabot, see i . 65-66 .

NAVARRETE (MART IN FERN A NDEZ DE ) B ibl iotecamari t ima espano la , obra pos tuma impresa del rea lOrden—Madr id 185 1 . (4 66)

8vo . 2 volumes . 2 T pp v-xxxvrr 671 2 T pp 784 .

The account of Sebastian Cabo t in thi s biographica l d ié’

t ionaryof Spanish seamen,

i i . 697-700, was the ma in gu ide to his Span ish

career unti l supplanted by H A RR I SSE in 1 896 . A note underRAMU SIO, No . gives the h istory of an error which culminatedin this work .

Cabot Bibliography I 57

NICHOLLS (J AMES FAWCK NER ) The remarkable l ife,

adventures and discoveries of Sebas tian Cabot,ofB ris tol

,

the founder ofGrea t Br i ta in’s mar i t ime power, discoverer

of America,and its firs t co loniz er. By J. F . N icholls

,

C i ty l ibrar ian,B ristol—London 1 869 . (4 67)

8vo. 2 T pp v-xv 1 90 port. map .

“H e has stud ied so lovingly and so pers istently that he has(Sebastian) Cabot ized a ll his surround ings . ”—STEVENS, NO. 5 3 2

see a l so D ’

A V EZAC,No. 24 5 .

In a communication to the Br istol Times a nd Mirr or , 2 5 November, 1 869 , M r . N ichol l s stated the evidence , suggested to him byM r. Wi l l iam Geo rge , No . 3 64 , which showed tha t the H arfordB idd le portra it of Cabot could not have been pa inted by H o lbeinsee the notes under Cabot

,NO. 6 1 . (4 68)

NICHOLLS (J AMES FAWCK NER ) Br isto l pas t and pre

sen t by J . F . N ichol ls and John Taylor—B r istol 1 88 1

(4 882) (4 69)4 10 . 3 volumes .In this work Mr . N ichol l sma inta ined his belief in a Cabot voyage

in 1 4 94 , stating that he thought i t very l ike ly that John Cabot mayhave accompan ied Sebast ian in 1 4 97 see i . 24 3 , i i i . 2 9 2

-298 .

NICHOLS (JOHN GOUGH ) Li terary Remains of K ingEdward the S ixth . Edi ted from his au tograph manu

scr ipts, wi th h is tor ica l no tes, and a biographical memoir,

by John Gough N icho ls,E .S.A . Pr in ted for the Rox

burghe C lub .—London MDCCCLV I I (470)

4 10 . 2 vo lumes . 2 T pp V-xI I I pp i

-xx xxa -xxi 1 lpp xxi-ccclx 208 ; 2 T 2 11+ pp 2 09

-6 34 1 I.

M r . N icho ls , on pp. c lxxxv i i i-ix,mad e known the letter to Sir

Phi l ip H oby d escribed as No . 1 0 2 .

O ’

BRIEN (CORNELIUS) Pres ident ial Address on Cabo t ’sLandfall . By Mos t Rev. A rchbishop O

’

B r ien .

In the Proceeding s of the Roya l Society of Canada , 1 897,Ottaw a

,1 897, cv

-cxxx ix 2 maps . A lso i ssued separately.

W i th an audacity in conception and a hard ihood in executionqu ite as great as that which he so much adm ires in John Cabot , theA rchb ishop of H al ifax presents arguments which convince him

that “ i t i s no longer a theory, i t i s a settled faél , that the landfa l lwas on Cape B reton I s land wi thin the Gu lf (Of St . Lawrence)and that Cabot sa i led around Prince E dwa rd I s land

,went north of

A ntico sti for some d istance, then turned and pas sed out of the

Cabot Bibl iography

Straits of Bel le I sle. H e does thi s, moreover, w ith a show of

rea son and an array of proofs—rely ing so lely upon the most fundamenta l sources of information, harmonizing the confliéting d atainto perfeél agreement in support of the d es i red interpretationquite w ithou t para l lel in CabOI ian l iterature . A wonderfu l keenness in surmi se and in conjeEture as to poss ible ways towa rd s t ruthrenders this by far the most interesting, and perhaps the most suggest ive, of all the quad ricentennia l contributions .A suggest ion of cons iderable va lue, by which he undertakes to

el iminate Labrado r and Newfound land from the landfa l l Cla imants,

i s that T ana is ,” mentioned by RA IMONDO DI SONC INO , NO. 1 90 ,

was the name appl ied by med iaeva l cartographers to a prosperous d istrié

’

t frequent ly vi sited by Venetian and otherMed iterranean traders,

situated on the north shores of the sea of A zov. Inasmuch a s

Cabot sa i led beyond T anais,

”his landfa l l mu st have been, by the

A rchbishop’ s a rgument, south of i ts lat itude,which i s 4 8 ° 11. on

the maps in the P tolemy Geographies . D r . DAWSON, No . 3 1 9 ,

points out in reply that “ in P to lemy ’ s atla s the great bend of the

Tanais i s 4°

3 0 north of (the rea l lat itude of) B risto l , thus excluding both Cape B reton and Newfound land in favour of Labrador .A nother ach ievement in this add ress i s the d iscovery of John

Cabot ’ s origina l sa i l ing chart incorporated into the LA COSA map,No. 84 , wi th its coast l ine m i splaced a t r ight angles to i ts true d ireé

’

tion , and with no pretence of harmon iz ing Cabot ’ s sca le w iththat of other port ions of La Cosa

’ s map . A rchbi shop O’

B rien

d educes the true sca le of Cabot ’ s po rtion of the map, places thi scoas t in i ts proper pos ition, and thereby revea l s i ts a stound ingaccuracy in agreement w ith the most modern coast su rveys and pi lotguides . H e even succeed s in translating La Cosa ’ s adaptat ions fromCabot ’ s descriptive names so that these harmonize w ith ex istingloca l configu ra tion and cond it ions . H e find s that H akluyt mayhave had reason to know that Enseada (Deseado) was the name of

a bay and river [see No . 1 1 4 ] the name given by Cabot to ournoble Canad ian river [St . Lawrence] the Des ired .

The narrative of a 1 5 56 voya e,d escribed under BU RROUGH

,

NO. 1 8,i s thought to be an aftua log

-book kept by Cabot, wh ichhad become confused with the record s of some d ifferent exped ition.

See the note a t the end of RAMU S IO, No . 1 94 .

OLIVEIRA E CASTRO (LUI Z JOAQUIM DE ) .T he Spanish version of SOUTH EY ’

S Bra z i l, tran slated by D r.

O l ivei ra e Ca stro, is d escribed under No. 52 8 .

PARISH (WOODB INE) Buenos Ayres and the P rovincesof the Rio de la P lata from their d iscovery and conques tby the Spaniards to the establishmen t of the ir poli tica l independence. W i th some accoun t of their presen t s ta te

,

trade,deb t

,etc. ; an appendix of h is torical and s tat istica l


Cabot Bibl iography

In the Boletin of the Rea l A cademia de la H i storia,—Madr id,

A pri l , 1 89 3 , xx i i . 34 8-3 5 3 .

Four documents,described under CABOT, NO . 3 8, and CHARLES

V . ,Nos . 68-70 , were printed here for the first time , from copies

exhibited at the Columbian H istorica l E xposition held in Mad ridin 1 8 9 3 .

PERRY (W I LLI AM STEVENS) The “Amer ican ser

mon preached in S . Pau l ’s Ca thedral,London

,on Sunday

,

Ju ly 4 th, A .D . 1897, by Wi ll iam S tevens Perry—Privately Pr in ted 1 897 (477)

8vo . Cover T pp 3-1 6 .

PERRY (WI LL I AM STEVENS) In Honorem Bristol iensium .

T he “Amer ican Sermon byWi l l iam S tevens Per ry,

D .D . LL.D .-B r istol

,Old England : Prin ted

for Pr ivate C ircula t ion. 1 898 . (478)Smal l 4 to . Cover T pp 3

- 1 9 .

R eprinted by M r. W i l l iam George in recognition of the glowing account herein set forth of the far-reaching consequences of theexped ition of John Cabot and the merchants of B ri stol .

PESCHEL (O SCAR FERD IN AND) Geschich te des Zeital

ters dcr En tdeckung von O scar Peschel—S tuttga r t 1858

(479 )8vO. T pp i ii

-vii i 68 1 .

Sebast ian Cabot, 274 -2 82 .

PESCHEL (OSC AR FERD IN A ND ) Geschichte der E rdkunde bis au fA lexander von Humbo ld t und Karl Ri t ter .

c i te vermehr te und verbesser te A uflage herausgegebenvon Dr . Sophus Ruge—Mu

’

nchen 1 877 (4 80)8vo . T pp 8 3 2 .

This is vo lume iv . in the Geschichte der W i s senschaften in

Deutschland , Neuere Ze it , H erausgegeben d urch d ie H isto rischeCommis sion bei d erM iinich . K Onigl . A cademic d erW is senschaften .

Cabot, 287-3 1 9 .

PEZZI (CARLO B ARRER A ).See BARRERA PEZZI , No. 2 5 1 .

PIERS (H ARRY ) The Cabots and their voyages . HarryP iers, Ass t . Librarian, Legis lat ive Library, Halifax, N .S.

(4 8 1 )


In Canadian History , E ducationa l Review Supplementa ry Read

ings—St..

‘

70hn, N.B., June, 1 898 , pp. 3 1-37.

A n earl ier art icle by M r. P iers has the t it le The d i scovery ofthe cont inent by John Cabot , The Man Who H as Been La rgelyLost in Obscurity, and Lies in an Unknown Grave . After FourHund red Years , H is Name i s Being H onored and H is Great Deed

Recognized . H arry P iers Describes the Famou s Voyage to the

NewWorld,A na lyzes Variou s Theories about the Landfa l l , and

A rgues that the Hono r is E njoyed by Cape B reton .

” Thi s appeared in the Hera ld and the Ev ening Ma i l

,-Ha lifax , N.S .

, 5June, 1 897 ; The Witness,—Montrea l, 7 June ; and in specia l Cabotedit ions of the H a l ifax Hera ld and M a il for 2 5 June, 1 897. (4 82)The a rticl e was i l lu strated by portra i ts and by large cuts ofThe Ship in which Cabot crossed the A tlantic and of “The

Mappe monde of Sebastian C abot, now in Vienna .

PINKERTON (JOHN) A General Colleé’tion of the bestand mos t interes ting Voyages and Travels in all parts of

the World many of which are now fir s t transla ted intoEngl ish . D iges ted on a newplan. ByJohn P inkertonLondon

,Longmans

,I 808(-1 8 17) (4 83 )

4 to. 1 7 volumes .Volumes xi i-xiv, wh ich relate chiefly to A merica , we re rei ssued

in 1 8 1 9 with sepa rate title-pages. The first s ix volumes were t e

printed in Phi ladelphia , 1 8 1 0- 1 8 1 2 .

The account of the Cabot voyages , xrr. 1 58-1 6 1

,is taken from

CAMPBELL ’ S edi tion ofH ARR I S, Na v igantium Bibliotheca .

POPE (JOSEPH) The Cabo t Celebra tion . (4 84 )In the Ca nadian Maga z ine,

—Toronto, December,

1 89 6, vi i i .

1 58- 1 64 .

A sea rching commentary upon the mutual ly d estruél ive declarations presented by the various advocates for the quad ricentenn ia lcelebration.

PORTER (EDW A RD GR I FF IN) Repor t of the Cabo tproceedings at the Hal ifax meet ing of the Royal Socie tyofCanada, June 2 1-25 , 1 897 (4 85 )

In the Pr oceed ings of the Massachusetts Hi sto rical Society forOé

’

tober, 1 897,—Boston, 1 89 9, z ud series, xii . pp . 2-9 . A l so i ssu ed

separate ly, 8vo, pp. 1 0 .

Mr Po rter’ s report on h is trip to H a l ifax , presented to the

A merrcan A nt iquarran Society, i s in the Pr oceed ings of tha t Societyfor 2 1 Oé

’

tober , 1 897,—Worcester , 1 898 , new series, xi i . pp. 1 2-1 4 .

(4 8 6)

Cabot Bibl iography

PORTER (EDWA RD GR IFF IN) The Cabot ce lebrat ionsof 1 897 (4 87)

In the New Eng land Maga z ine,—Boston, February, 1 89 8 , xvrr.

65 3 A l so issued separately.

A comprehensive account of the roceed ings in honou r of theCabot quad ricentennial

,at H al ifax ,

IBristol , St . John’ s,N .F . ,

and

e l sewhere,and of the va riou s attendant d iscussions. Severa l of the

i l lu st rations are not eas i ly access ible elsewhere .

A n interest ing autogra h letter from H ENRY VI I . to Phi l ip of

Burgundy , King of Castife, dated at R ichemont xxi ii Jullet (probably i n i s reproduced in facs imile, with transcrip

t ion and

translation , pp. 668 669 . I t conta ins no reference to Ca ot (4 88 )

PORTO SEGURO (BARON DE ) .See VA RNHAGEN, No . 559 .

PRINCE (THOM A S).A reference to Cabot in The Chronolog ical History of New England,—Boston, 1 73 6, i s mentioned in a note under H ak luyt

’

s GALVANO ,

No . 1 1 5 . (4 3 9 )

PROWSE (DANI EL WOODLEY) H is tory of Newfound

land from the Engl ish,Co lonial , and Foreign Records by

D .W . Prowse . W i th a prefa tory no te by Edmund GosseLondon

,Macmi l lan

,1895 (4 90 )

8vo . T pp i i i-xx i i i 74 2

O

map 3 5 plates .Second ed i tion

,1 896 : T pp i i i

-x 6 34 map 5 plates .Judge P rowse contend s that trad ition, MASON ’

S map, No . 1 70 ,and the faEt that Cape Bonavista i s Sti l l the land ordinari ly sightedfirst by sa i l ing vessels ap roaching A merica from Northern Eu rOpe,comb ine to prove that tilis point was Cabot ’ s first land seenpp. 4

-17. Judge P rowse has rendered a service of the u tmost va luei n presenting the documentary evidence which proves the great importance of Engli sh interests upon the fish ing banks at a very earlyperiod .

PROWSE (DANI EL WOODLEY) The D iscovery ofNew

foundland by John Cabo t in 1 497 (4 9 1 )In the Roya l Ga z ette,—St. 7011713 , Newfoundla nd ; The Week,

Toronto ; and the Chronicle, —Ha l ifax, June and July, 1 8 97. A l soprinted separately, 8vo, pp. 1 1 .

A comparison of the aé’

tual di stances with those reported byCabot In 1 4 97 convinces Judge P rowse that Cabot landed at Bona

vi sta and circumnavigated Newfound land , thu s establ ishing itsClaimto be the “New I sle .

”


Cabot Bibl iography

Large 8vo. (A bout 400 pp.)Thi s work 18 des igned to be an elaborate analyt ica l study of the

maps representing Newfound land and its neighbourhood .

PRYCE (GEORGE ) Sebas t ian Cabo t .In Notes and Quer ieg—London, 20 February, 1 8 58 , z ud series, V.

4 547 1 5 5A h attack on the evidence wh ich a ssigns a b i rthplace in B ri stol

to Sebastian Cabot . See note und er GEORGE, No . 3 6 3 .

PRYCE (GEORGE) Faét versus F ié’tion . A Descen tamong wr i ters on Bristo l H istory and B iography, 810.

- Br i stol 1858 (4 99 )1 2mo . T pp 3

-1 09 .

On pp. 9 1-9 2 there is an account of the tradition which cla ims

that the “Dun cow’ s rib ”

preserved in the pari sh church of St .

Mary Redcl iffe at B ri sto l,was the rib of a cow wha le, which was

brought to England from America by Sebast ian Cabot.

PRYCE (GEORGE) A Popular H is tory of Bris tol,ant i

quarian, topographical, and descr ipt ive, from the earliestperiod to the presen t time

,wi th biographical notices of

em inent nat ives and residen ts , impart ial ly wr i t ten—B r i stol186 1 . (500)

8v0 . T pp i i i-xvi i i 6 22 .

The reasons for believing that Sebastian Cabot was born in

Venice and no t in B ri sto l are on pp . 5 52 55 3 The story of theDun cow ’ s rib i s on p . 3 70 .

QUARITCH (BERNARD).See the no te 1 74

° under MOLINEUX .

ROMAGNOSI (GI AN-DOMEN ICO) Memoria Intorno a

Sebas tiano Cabo ta,cui s i 6e aggiunto un

’

occhia ta sul las tor ia del le Scoper te mari t t ime e dei documenti es trat t idagli Archivi d ’Inghilterra, c pubbl ica to per la prima vo lta.

Londra 1 83 1 . (502)In the Anna l i univ er sa l i di sta tistica , economia pubblica , stor ia ,

v iagg i e commercio,—Mila n, Ju ly-September, 1 8 3 2 , xxx ii i. 62Ti t le from FUMAGA LL I

,NO. 3 58 .

REUMONT (ALFRED VON) I due Cabo to cenni s toricocrit ici d i A ffredo Reumont—Firenz e 1 880. (503 )

Cabot Bibl iography

8v0 . T pp 3-1 1 .

A d iscussion ofPA SINI , No . 4 72, with comments on the d ivergentideas advanced by modern writers respeéting the Cabots, and withs uggestive references to the Continenta l l iterature.

RICCI (GIOVANNI) Giovann i Cabo to Quar to cen tenariodel la Scoper ta del continente Nord-Amer icano (504 )

In the Bollettinoof the SocietaGeografica I tal iana ,—Roma , 1 897,i i i . series (anno xxx i, vol. xxxiv) , x. 2 24

-2 3 5 , 270-28 5 map

portrait.A n admirable accou r

’

rt of the exercises at H al ifax,and of the

latest ideas concerning the Cabots .

RICCI (G IOVANN I ) Per Giovanni c Sebast iano Caboto(505)

In the Giorna le Ligustico, July-Obl ober, 1 897, xxI I . fasc. 7- 1 0 .

(C . E . See note, No.

ROB INSON (CONWAY) An account of discoveries in

the wes t un t i l 1 5 19 , and of voyages to and a long the

At lant ic coas t of Nor th America,from 1 520 to 1573 .

Prepared for The V irginia H is tor ical and Phi losophica lSoc ie ty by Conway Robinson—R ichmond 1 84 8 (506)

8vo . T pp i i i-xv 4 9 1 .

There i s an attempt to reconci le the confl ié’

ting dates 1 4 97 and

1 4 9 8 by an exposition of the changes in the ca lenda r since thatt ime

,on pp. 8 1 -9 3 .

ROSS (WILL I AM) One Hundred Years Ago . The Pro-1

posed Cabo t Celebrat ion. Was Cape Bre ton His F irs tLanding P lace in Nor th America Au thori ties Quo ted .

By Hon. Wm. Ro ss. (507)In the Morning Chronicle, E n d 4 Janua ry,A n examinat ion of Dr . Dawson ’ s 1 894 sketch of the 1 54 4 map

enabled M r . Ross to t race w ith the greatest certa inty the coastl ine as la id down with wonderfu l accu racy from Ingoni sh to C apeNorth. The faé

’

t of the sa i lo r being at the mast head at the

early hou r of 5 a .m. proves that they expeé’

ted to s ight land and

they were looking for it in the right d ireé’tion.

”

The landfa l l i slocated at Suga r Loaf, nea r Cape North, Cape B reton I sland .

ROUX DE ROCHELLE Disser ta t ion sur les voyagesdc Sébastien Cabo t

, par M. Roux dc Rochel le. (508)

!abot E thnography

In the Bulletin de la Societé de Ge’ ographie,—Pam ,Apri l, 1 8 32 ,

xv i i . I 97 2 17.

Based upon B idd le .

ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA Memoires et

comptes rendus Proceedings and Transactions of

the Roya l Socie ty of Canada second series vo lume i i i

mee ting ofJune 1897—Ottawa I 897 (509)

+La

rge 8VO. 2 T pp 5 cxci ii I 3 3 4 50 77 2 1 I

5 maps .The Cabot Celebration, xx-xxvi , xci i i-cxci i i see a l so BARKER ,

DAV IES, DAWSON, O ’

B RIEN, PORTER, and THAC H ER .

Variou s essays in other volumes Of the Me'

moz'

re: a nd ‘Trans

aéi zam a re described under BOUR INOT ,FLEM ING, GANONG,

H ARRI SSE,No. 3 97, and H ARVEY .

RUGE (SOP HUS ) Geschichte des Zei tal ters der Entdeckungen . Von Dr . Sophus Ruge—Ber lz

'

n 1 88 1 . (5 I I )8vo . z T + ppp 54 2 t o maps 1 2 plates.In the A l lgemeine Geschichte In E inzeld arstel lungen, herausge

geben von W i lhelm Oncken, Ix.

T he account of Cabot ’ 5 search fo r the north west passage i s basedon B A RRI SSE

,No . 3 8 3 ,

—Par i5,1 882 d espite the testimony of the

imprints.A n I ta l ian translation is reportedStoria d e l l’ epoca del le scoperta trad . del Prof. D . Valbusa ,

T

—Mi lana,Vallard i , 1 886 . (5 1 2)

p 65 1 .

Thi s orms one of a series of translations from ONCKEN.

RUGE (SOPHOS) D ie Entdeckungs-geschich te der neuen

We l t . Von Prof. Dr . Sophus Ruge . (5 1 3 )In the Hamburgm /ze Festrcnr zft z ur Er innerung an die Entdeckung

Amer ika'

J‘

. H erausgegeben vom Wis senschaft lichen A usschu s s d esK omités fu r d ie Amerika-feier, —5Hamburg , 1 89 2 i. I -I 3 2, 4 10 .

Sebastian Cabo t I s cred ited with a voyage to America In I 50 3 ,

pp . 6o-64 .

RUGE (SOPHUS) D ie En twi‘

ckelung der Kar tographievon Amerika bis 1 570. Festschrtft z ur 4 00-jahrigenFeIer der Entdeckung Amerikas von Dr . SOphus RugeMit 32 Kartchen auf 2 Tafeln.

—Gatba : Jus tus Per thes .

I 892. (SI 4 )4 to . 2 T pp 8 5 2 plates .


Gabotmblto‘

grapbg

A Cabot Soufvenir Number,wi th head l ines “ Jubi lee Souvenir

Number,

"was published by Devine and O Mara , St: N.F. ,

“at the request of a number of spo rting gentlemen and friend sgenera l ly, conta ining a report of the anniversa ry proceed ings onJune 22 25 , a poem by I sabel la , “ John Cabot 5 D i scovery, ” and

short stories by H . W. Le M . and C . O Nei l l Conroy, ba sed upon

supposititi ous Cabo tian events. So far as has been learned,thi s Is

the first de liberate use of Cabot In avowed fiCI ion. (5 1 9 )

SCHANZ (GEORG) Engl ische Handelspol i t ik gegen Endedes M it te lal ters m it besonderer Ber ii cksichti ung der Zei ta l ters der beiden ers ten Tudors Heinr ich V I . und He inr ich VIII . von Dr . Georg Schanz—Leipz ig 1 88 1 . (520)

SW) . 2 volumes. 2 T pp v xix 684 xv 672 .

The account of Cabot , i . 3 1 5 3 20 ,i s based on H ELLWALD

,NO .

4 07, and is supplemented by an Excurs iiber d ie angebl iche Entdeckungsfahrt Sebast ian Cabots im Jahre I 5 17, i . 677-680 .

SCOTT (EDW ARD) .See KEMYS, NO. 1 52, for the translat ion of “

the Cabot Rol lby the Keeper ofManu scripts in the British Museum.

SEWALL (JOHN SM I TH) The value and Significance Of

Cabo t’s discovery to the wor ld . By Prof. John S . Sewal l .(52 1 )

In the Proceedings of the Ma ine H istorical Society, —Portland ,1 897, vi i i . 4 27-4 3 8 .

A clerica l and piél uresque account of certa in poss ible tra ins ofevents which might have resu lted if Cabot had not sa i led westward in 1 4 97 and if in consequence E uropeans had cont inued inabso lute ignorance of the exi stence of Northern America .

SEYER (S AMUEL) Memoirs h is torica l and topographicalof B risto l and i t’s neighbourhood

,from the ear l ies t period

down to the present t ime. By the Revd Samuel Seyer-lB r istol ' 182 1(-I 823 ) (522)

4 10 . 2 vo lumes . 2 T + pp 5-5 3 5+ 7 + xx 2 1 plates

The account of Cabot is in volume I I . -208 2 1 0 see note to

CABOT, No . 6 1 .

SH IPLEY (JOHN B . and MAR I E A .,former ly Brown)

The Engl ish rediscover and coloniz at ion of America byJohn B . and Marie A . hipley.

—Landon. (523 )

Gabot JBt tograpb’

tj l 69

8vo. T + pp i i i-xvi 1 5 1 .

A n effort to counterac’t the popular tendency to ascribe all thecred i t of American d i scovery to Columbu s .

SH IPLEY (JOHN B . ) Br is tol in the t ime of Cabo t . (524 )In Ha rper: Maga z ine ,—Nefw York, February, 1 89 3 , lxxxvi .(European ed ition

, xxv) , 4 2 8-4 3 8 .

The i llustrations were selected by Mr. L . A cland Taylor ofB r istol .

SMITH (CH A RLES CARD).See the note under CABOT, No . 5 5

6, for Mr . Smith ’ s part in the

publ ication of the legend s from the Cabo t I 54 4 map in the Proceeding: of the Massachusetts H istorical Society , 1 2 February, 1 89 1 ,z ud series , vi . 305-3 3 9 .

SMITH (GEORGE) John Cabo tA n occasiona l poem,

in the Wet tern Da iiy’

PreI I—Br irtol, 2 4June

,1 897.

SOCIETA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA Studj bibl iografici e biografici sul la s tor ia de l la geografia in I tal ia pubblicat i per cura del la Depu taz ione M inis teriale instituita pressola SocietaGeografIca I ta liana—Roma 1 875 . (525)

Large 8vo . 2 T pp.

V l l -XVI a -i I l 5 1 0 9 maps.A u sefu l li st of autho ri ties i s appended to the account of th

Cabots, 1 00-1 0 5 .

SOCIETA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA Terz o Congreso geografico in ternaz iona le Tenu to a Venez ia dal I 5al 22 Set tembre I SS I—Roma

,la Societa

,MDCCCLXXX I I .

(526)Large 8vo . 2 volumes .There i s a report of the exercises and speeches at the unveil ing

of busts to F ra Mauro and John Cabot in i . 3 3-37 ; see No . 529 .

SOLIMBERGO (GIOVA NNI).The Speech of the Consul General of I ta ly at H al ifax

,represent

ing the I talian Geographica l Society, at the Cabot meet ing of theRoya l Society of Canada , H a lifax, 24 June, 1 897, i s in the Pro

ceeding: of that meeting, No . 509 , pp. c-ci i . A n I ta l ian vers ionwasprinted in the Bollettino of the Soc ieta Geografica I ta l iana, 3 rd series ,x

. 285-287. (527)

(rabot fi tbltograpbg

SOUTHEY (ROBERT) H is tory of Braz i l : by RobertSou they. Par t the First—London

,Longmans , 18 10.

4 to . T pp i ii-xvi 659 .

Vo lume i i ., 1 8 1 7 i i i . , 1 8 1 9 . There i s a Spanish ed it ion , t ranslated by Dr . L. J . de Olivei ra e Castro , w ith notes by D r. J . C .

Fernandez P inheiro ; 6 vo lumes , 8vo,—Rio de 7aneiro (Pa r is

printed) 1 8 62 .

The‘

account of Cabot ’ s voyage a long the coast of Brazi l to LaP lata, i . 5 1 -57, g ives an excel lent i dea of what cou ld safely bededuced from the h istorical evidence ava i lable at the beginning of

the nineteenth century.

SPARKS (J ARED ).TheLife ofCabot in Sparks‘s “Libra ry ofA me rican B iography

is described unde r HAYWAR D,NO. 4 06 .

STEFANI (FEDER ICO) Inauguraz ioni d i nu busto a

Giovanni Caboto nella loggia in terna del Pa laz z oDucale di Venez ia . (529)

In the Terz o Gangrero Geog rafico Internaz iona le, No . 526, vo lumeprimo, Notizie e rend iconti,—Roma , 1 8 82 pp . 3 3 -37.

See SA NUTO, NO. 2 1 0 .

STEVENS (HENRY ) H is torica l and geographica l notesI 4 53

- I SOOBy Henry S tevens—New York 1 869 (530)8vo . T pp 3Thi s essay was included as pa rt II . in ‘Tke ‘I

'

ebuantepec Ra ilw ayit: Loca tion Features and Ad‘va nta cI—Nefw York

,1 8 69 . It was

reprinted w ith an explanato ry pre ace, conta ining considerable re

v is ion and emendation, in the Amer ican 70nrna l of Science—NewHav en , 1 8 69 , z ud series, xlvi i i. 29 9

-3 30 . A few Copies wereprinted sepa ra te ly, and i ssued with photo lithographic facsimi les ofthe more impo rtant early maps, as

STEVENS (HENRY) H is torical and geographica l notes onthe earlies t discoveries in America 14 53

-1 530 wi th com

ments on the earlies t char ts and maps ; the mis takes Ofthe early naviga tors the blunders of the geographers

By Henry S tevens—New H a ven and London 1869

8vo . 2 T pp 5-54 1 6 maps on 6 sheets .

The serious po rtion of a review of thi s work , in the Histor ica l

Maga z ine,—Morr i .rania , New York, A ugust

,1 869 , z ud series, Vi.


Gabot IBt iograpbg

edition, state fac'

ts wh ich have not been found in any earlierauthori ty.

SYMES (ROBERTThe speech of Si r Robert Symes , Mayor of B ri stol , at the Open

ing Of the Cabot M emoria l Tower, 6 September, 1 898, i s men

tioned in a note under BRI STOL , No. 28 3 . (5 3 6)

TANNER (HENRYTanner ’ s Nor t/z Amer i can Atla I ,—P/ziladelpbia , 1 82 5 , appl ies the

name Cabotia”

to Cape B reton and Newfound land . (537)

TARDUCCI (FR A NCESCO) La Pa tria d i GiovanniCaboto (538)

In the Re<vi1ta Stor ica Ita liana ,—‘Tor ino, I 892, ix. fasc . I . A lsoi ssued sepa rate ly, pp . 3 9 .

A n append ix notes sixteen d istinEl ways in wh ich Cabot’ s name

i s spel led in the sou rces .P rinted in advance from

TARDUCCI (FRANCESCO) R . Depu taz ione Veneta diS toria Pa tria Di Giovanni e Sebas t iano Caboto . Memor ie

racco l te e documenta te da F . Tarducci—Venez ia 1892

(539 )8vo . T I l pp 4 29 . A l so i ssued separately, w ith a ded i

cat ion add ressed to the Contessa Gabriel la Spa llett i.Translated as

TARDUCCI (FRANCESCO) John and Sebas t ian Cabo t .B iographica l not ice

,wi th documents . By Francesco

T arducci . T ranslated’

from I talian by Henry F. B rown

son—D etroi t,Brownson

,1 893 (54 0)

8vo. T pp v ii i 4 09 Port.

TARDUCC I (FR ANCESCO) Per Sebastiano Caboto e p er

la veri ta de l la s tor ia . (54 1 )In the Ateneo Veneto, -Venez ia , May

-June, 1 894 , 1 8 th se ‘ries, i .

2 9 1-3 1 0 .

A reply to DURO, No. 34 7.

TARDUCCI, (FRANCESCO) H . Harr isse e la fama di Se

bast iano Cabo to (54 2)In the Rev ista Stor ica Ita l iana ,—‘Tor ino, 1 894 , ix. fasc . iv. A lso

i ssued separately, 8vo, pp . 1 3 . (C . E . See note to NO.

Gabot Bibliography 173

TARDUCCI (FR ANCESCO) Le animos ita s toriche d i H .

Harrisse (54 3 )In the Nuov oArc/I iv ioVeneto,—Venez ia , 1 897, xiv. 58-1 17. A l so

i ssued separately , 8vo, pp . 60 . (C . E . See note, No .

TAYLOR (JOHN) Bristo l,England . (54 4 )

I n the Ency clop edia Br itannica , ninth edition,—Edinburg/1, 1 875,

iv. 34 8-3 52 .

This a rticle, which i s sa id to have been written by the somet imeB risto l l ibrarian, Mr . Taylor, contains, on. p . 3 50 , an extraél from“a hitherto unpubl ished loca l chronicle,” describ ing the Cabot

d i scovery . For notes on the d ispute regard ing i ts va lue,

see

H ARR I SSE , P ROWSE , and WEARE. The C/zronicle i s describedunder TOBY , No. 2 2 2 .

See notes under BR I STOL , No . 2 84 , and NIC HOL LS , No. 4 69 .

TAYLOR (L. ACLAND ) .See the note under SH I P LEY

,NO . 524 .

THACHER (JOHN BOYD) The continent ofAmerica i ts

discovery and i ts bapt ism an essay on the nomencla ture ofthe Old con t inen ts a cri tica l and bibliographical inqu iryin to the naming Of Amer ica and in to the growth Of the

cosmography of the new world by John BoydThacher—New York

,Benjamin

,1 896 . (54 5 )

to . 2 T v-xvi i 2 I 1 8 ma s 8 lates .Especia l lyTi lllgb le for

—fhe 7cafcliful facsimilesofthe more im

portant maps Of the early S ixteenth century . The use which LACOSA may have made of Cabot ’ s charts i s suggested on pp . 200

202 .

THACHER (JOHN BOYD ) The Cabotian D iscovery . ByJohn Boyd Thacher (54 6)

In the Proceeding: of the Roya l Society of Canada,—Ottaw a ,

1 897, 2nd series, i i i . 279-307 plate . A l so i ssued separately with7 add itiona l facsimi le i l lustrations.A n interesting i l lustration Of the variety Of a rguments by which

the orthodox Cabot ian conclu sions can be reached , from conscientiousstudy of the sources .

THORBURN (ROBERT) In Memoriam John Cabo tComposed for the S t . John

’

s,Newfoundland

,Cabo t Ce le

bration by Sir Rober t Thorburn. (547)In the Ev ening Hera ld, St. 7obn

’

r, N.F., 25 June, 1 897.

174 Gabot JBii ograpbg

T IRABOSCHI (GIROLAMO) S toria del la Le t teraturaI ta liana—Modena I 772

-1795 . (S4 8 )4 to . 1 1 volumes .R eprinted—Modena , 1 787-1 794 ; Venice, 179 5

-96 , and Milan,

1 8 2 2-1 82 6 .

There i s a briefmemo ir of Sebastian Cabot in vol . VII . 209-2 1 0 .

TRAILL (HENRY DUFF) .The account of the Cabots in M r. Tra ill

’

s Socia l Eng la nd is de

scribed under BEAZLEY, NO. 2 57.

TRUAX (CH ARLES H .) Opinion by the cour t,in case

ofMortimer et a l . v . New York E levated Rai lroad Company et a l. (549 )

In Na tiona l Repor ter Sy stem,New York Supplement,—St. Paul ,

Minnerota , 1 889 , vi . 89 8-90 3 . A lso in Repor t: of Care: in tbc

Super ior Court of til e City of New York, by Samuel Jones and JamesC . Spencer,—Nevu York, 1 890, lvi i . (yaner and Spencer , 2 59271 .

The cou rt , having careful ly examined BANC ROFT, No . 24 8 ,B RYANT AND GAY,

NO. 28 8,and especial ly M rs . MARTHA J .

LAM B ’ S Hirtory of New York, expressed the lega l d eci sion that as aresu lt of Cabot ’ s d i scovery of No rth America in 1 4 97 on behalf OfEngland , the Engl ish common law,

and not the Dutch Roman law

which lu rked in the hold of H enry H ud son’ s vesse l when he firstexp lored Manhattan ba determined the re lation of abutters to theuse and enjoyment o the public streets . H eavy damages weretherefore awarded aga inst the E levated Rai lway Company .

TWISS (TRAVERS) Christopher Columbus and Sebas tianCabo t . 550)

In the Nautica l Maga z ine,—London, Ju ly-A ugu st, 1 876, xlv .

577-5 87, 675

-684See the note under MYCHELL, No. 176 . A u seful study of the

Cabot s in England .

TYTLER (PA TR ICK FRA SER) H is torica l view of the

progress of discovery on the more nor thern coasts of

America,from the ear l ies t per iod to the present t ime

,by

Pa tr ick Fraser Ty t ler To which i s added an ap

pend ix, con tain ing remarks on a late memoir of SebastianCabo t

,w ith a vindica t ion OfR ichard Hakluy t—Ed inburgh

MDCCCXXXI I (55 1 )1 2m0 . 2 T pp 7

-4 44 map.


.176 Gabot JBi i ograpbg

VAUGHAN (WILLIAM ).Vaughan’ s Golden Fleece is described under MA SON

,No . 171 .

WARDEN (DAVI D BA I LLI E).See note under B I DD LE

,No . 2 66 .

WASHBURN (CH ARLES AMES ) The H is tory of Paraguay

,wi th No tes of Personal Observa tions

,and Remin is

cences of diplomacy under d ifficu lt ies . By Charles A .

Washburn.—Boston 1871 . (557)

8vo . 2 volumes . T pp ii i-1111+ 571 xv 6 27 2 maps

4 plates .There i s a usefu l summary of the standard Spanish authorit ies on

Cabot’ s La P lata experiences, i . 3-1 5 .

WEARE (GEORGE EDWARD) Cabo t’s d iscovery ofNorthAmerica by G. E . Weare—London 1 897 (558)

8vo . 2 T pp V-xi 3 4 3 1 2 maps and plates.The append ices conta in P lato ’ s Sto ry of the Lost I sland of

A tlant is, ” “The Latin Text Of the Bul l of Pope A lexander VI ,d ated the 4 th Day ofMay 1 4 9 3 , and A ccount of the Col leé’torsof the B risto l Customs. The last i s described under KEMYS

,

No . 1 5 3 . The most va luable portion ofMr . Weare ’ s volume con

s ists of the origina l texts and Engl ish translations of the variousCabot documents . Such of these a s were access ible in London are

printed in most scrupu lou s reproduftion of the origina l phraseologyand ca l igraphy . Improvements were a lso made in the translationswhich he adapted to his purposes . E xtended quotat ions fromTARDU CC I , KOH L, D ‘

A VEZAC, BIDDLE, H A RRI SSE, D AWSON,

and QUARITCH’

S Sa le Ca ta logue: make this vo lume an exce l lentmed ium for acqua intance w ith the Charaé

‘

teristics of these authori t ies .

WEARE (GEORGE EDW A RD) John Cabo t and the

Mat thew (559)

In Note: and am en—London

,1 7 Ju ly, 1 897, 8 th series , x11. 4 9

5 1 . R eprinted as

WEARE (GEORGE EDWARD ) Cabot ’s discovery of NorthAmerica. The dates connefi ed wi th the voyage of the

Ma t thew,of Bris to l. Mr . G. E . Weare

’

s reply to Mr .

Henry Harr isse—London privately prin ted for the au thor .

I 897 (560)

Gabot JBi i ograpbg 177

M r . PROWSE’

S reply to H ARRI SSE, see Nos . 3 90 and 4 9 3 , i s re

printed on pp . 1 0- 1 2 .

WEARE (GEORGE EDWARD) John Cabo t and the

Ma t thew (56 1 )In Note: and Quer ieg—London, 4 September, 1 897, 8th series, x11.

1 89-1 9 1 . Reprinted as

WEARE (GEORGE EDW A RD) Cabo t’s discoveryas No . 560] Mr . G. E . Weare

’s fur ther reply to Mr .

Henry Harr isse—London 1 897 (562 )1 2m0 . T pp 1 -8 .

WEISE (ARTHUR JAMES) The D iscoveries of America

to the year 1 525 by Ar thur James Weise—N ew York,

Pu tnams,1884 (563 )

8vo . T pp i i i-xII 3 80 1 8 maps plate.

The Cabots, 1 8 6-204 .

WELLER (F.

Mr . Wel ler’ s map Showing a conjeéIural route for Cabot ’ s 1 4 97voyage i s mentioned under MA RKHAM , No . 4 5 3 .

WILLIS (WI LL I AM) .The Documenta ry Hirtary of Ma ine, edited by Mr . Wi l li s

, i s de

scribed under KOH L , No. 4 29 .

W INSH I P (GEORGE P A RKER ) Cabo t B ibl iography .

Compi led by George Parker Winship (564 )In theMonthly Bul letin of the Publ ic Libra ry,—Prov idence, Rhode

I sland , June, 1 8 97, i i i . 1 37-1 57, 4 to. Reprinted in 8vo , 2 T1 .pp

’EhZbasi s for the present work , conta ining 2 37 ti tles. The

notes were tak en for the most part, by quotation or in abstraéi ,from the publ i shed Opinions of W insor, H arrisse , and other recogniz ed authori ties . A compari son w ith the notes in the presentvo lume revealsmany curious i llustrat ions of the pa rt ia lity and misrepresentation which is apt to resu l t from a fa i lure to test Opinions,taken at second-band , by a carefu l examinat ion of the thing to

which they refer .

WINSH IP (GEORGE PA RKER) John Cabo t and the studyof sources . (565)

Gabot Bi bliography

In the Report of the American H istorica l A ssociation for 1 897,Wa sbing ton, 1 898 , 3 5

-4 1 . A l so i ssued separately .

A protest aga ins t such hi storica l writing as may justly be charaél eriz ed as

“ i l logical conclusions mainta ined by base less inferencesand unwarranted assumpt ions . ”The Amer ican Hirtor ica l Rev ievv for Ofi ober , 1 8 98 , iv. 1 59

-1 62 ,

contained a rev iew a rticle by M r. W insh ip on DAWSON, Nos . 3 1 6

3 1 9, BEAZ LEY, No . 2 56, and WEARE, NO . 5 58 . (56 53 )

WINSHIP (GEORGE PARKER) Sebas tian Cabo t, 1 508(566)

In the Geograpkical f’

fournaL—London, Februa ry, 1 8 99 , x i ii . 204209 .

A statement of the reasons for supposing that Cabot may have

made a voyage into the A réIi c regions in 1 508-9 .

WINSH IP (GEORGE PARKER ) Cabot on the Americanna t ives—14 974 508

In the Amer ican Antkropolog irt,—Ne~w York, Ju ly , 1 899 , i . (newseries) 588-590 .

A note on the references to the natives contained in the accountsof Cabotian voyages to the coasts of B riti sh America .

WINSH IP (GEORGE PARKER ) Some fa&s in regard to

John and Sebas t ian Cabo tIn the Proceeding s of the American Antiquarian Society for 2 5

A pri l , 1 900 , new series , xiv .

A statement of the rea sons for some of the statements whichappear in the Introduction to the present volume.

WINSOR (JUST IN) Narra tive and Cr i t ica l H is tory of

America,edi ted by Jus tin Winsor—Boston

,Houghton

,

Mifll in and Company (567)Folio . 8 volumes .Vo lumes i . and vi i i . are dated 1 889 i ii . and iv .were Copyrighted

in 1 884 ; ii . in 1 88 6 ; v . and vi . in 18 87 ; vi i . in 1 888 .

See DEANE, No . 3 27. Other references to the Cabots are notedin the ind ices to volumes i .

,i i . , and iv. Sebastian Cabot’ s La P lata

exped ition i s d i scu ssed in vi ii . 384 .

WINSOR (JUSTIN) Chris topher Columbus and how he

received and impar ted the Spir i t of discovery by Jus t inWinsor—Boston 189 1 . (568)

8vo. T pp v-xi 674 .


(l abot Bibl iography

fisher ies to the discovery and set t lemen t OfNor th Amer ica

by Char les Levi Woodbury—Bo:ton 1 880 . (575 )8VO. T + I) I) 3

-26 .

The evidencePwhich convinced Mr. Woodbury that “

neitherColumbu s , Cabot, nor Cortereal d rew the French and Basque to

the fish ing banks is stated on pp . 4—7.

WRONG (GEORGE M .) The Cabots (576)The substance of a paper read by P rofessorWrong before the

Canad ian Inst itute in Toronto, 28 March , 1 896, was printed as a

review of H ARRI SSE , No . 3 87, and DAWSON, No. 3 1 7, in the Re

v iew of Hi:tor ica l Publica tion: rela ting to Canada , —Toronto, 1 897,i . 3 0

ZERI (AUGUSTO) Giovanni e SebaStiano Caboto . No tiz iedi Augusto Zeri (577)

In the Rev i:ta Ma r ittima ,—Roma , March, 1 88 1 . A l so i ssuedseparate] , pp. 1 1 map, 8vo .

A n e ort to prove, i n reply to N I C HOLL S , No. 4 67, that theCabots were born In I ta ly.

ZURLA (PLA CIDO) D i Marco Polo e degli a ltr i viaggiator i Venez iani piui l lus tr i d isser taz ioni del P . Ab. D . P lacidoZurla—Venez ia 18 18-1 8 19 (579)

4 to. 2 volumes. T pp I I I-VI I I 3 9 1 4 08 4 maps .G iovanni e Sebastiano Cabotto , I i . 274

-286 . A map shows theroutes fo l lowed by the two Cabots in 1 4 96 and by Sebast ian in

1 52 6.

C H ISWICK PRESS : CHARLES WH ITTINGHAM AND C0 .

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