C3 –Chemicals in our lives Question What do tectonic ...drthawscience.weebly.com/uploads/2/4/5/0/24506105/c3_quiz_cards_2.… · Question What can hydrogen be used for? C3 –Chemicals

QuestionWhat do tectonic plates float on?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q1

Answer:The mantle – very hot, semi-molten rock (magma).

QuestionWhy has Britain been located on different parts of the surface of the Earth?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q2

Answer:The tectonic plates have the ability to move due to convection currents in the mantle.

QuestionList three processes by which minerals are formed.

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q4

Answer:SedimentationEvaporationErosion

QuestionHow can magnetic clues in rocks help show the movement of tectonic plates?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q3

Answer:Some rocks contain magnetite. As the rock cooled, the magnetic particles lined up with the Earth’s magnetic field at that time. By measuring the angle at which the rocks are magnetised, you can work out the latitude at which it formed.

QuestionHow is coal formed?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q5

Answer:Layers of plant material were buried by sediment leading to compression and heating. This eventually formed coal.

QuestionWhere is salt mined in the UK?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q6

Answer:Cheshire and Teeside

QuestionGive three methods of obtaining salt, which one would produce the purest salt?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q8

Answer:Normal miningSolution miningEvaporation of seawater (purest salt obtained)

QuestionWhat is rock salt and what can it be used for?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q7

Answer:Rock salt is a mixture of salt and impurities. It is used for gritting roads.

QuestionWhat is a preservative and why is salt used in this way?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q9

Answer:A preservative is something added to food to stop it going ‘off’. Salt dries out the food by absorbing water from it and any bacterial cells, this kills the bacteria.

QuestionWhy is too much salt bad for your health?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q10

Answer:Too much salt can cause high blood pressure. This can lead to strokes and heart attacks.

QuestionWhat is chlorine used for.

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q12

Answer:DisinfectantsKilling bacteria (in swimming pools and drinking water)Household bleachPlastics (PVC)Hydrochloric acidInsecticides

QuestionWhat is brine? Name three products of brine electrolysis.

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q11

Answer:Brine is a salt solution. Products of electrolysis: chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide.

QuestionWhat can hydrogen be used for?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q13

Answer:To make ammoniaTo make margarineAs a fuel e.g. in welding

QuestionWhat is an alkali?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q14

Answer:A compound that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.

QuestionWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of adding chlorine to drinking water?

C3 – Chemicals in our livesQ16

Answer:Advantage: Chlorine kills disease-causing microorganisms and so makes drinking water safe. Disadvantage: chlorine can react with organic matter in the water to form chlorinated hydrocarbons, may of which can cause cancer.

QuestionWhat are alkalis used for?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q15

Answer:To neutralise acidic soilIn the manufacture of soapTo produce glassIn the textile industry – helps dyes bind to cloth

QuestionWhat are chlorinated hydrocarbons?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q17

Answer:These are componds that can form when chlorine reacts with organic matter in water. Many of them can cause cancer.

QuestionWhat were the traditional sources of alkalis?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q18

Answer:Burnt wood/seaweedStale urine

QuestionWhat are word and symbol equations for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q20

Answer:Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid →Sodium chloride and water

NaOH + HCl →NaCl + H2O

QuestionWhat were the problems with the Leblanc process, used for the manufacture of alkali in the 19th century?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q19

Answer:It created a lot of pollution. It produced large volumes of hydrogen chloride gas and lots of solid waste. The solid waste reacted with acid rain to produce hydrogen sulphide gas.

QuestionWhat are the word and symbol equations for the reaction between calcium carbonate and sulphuric acid?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q21

Answer:Calcium carbonate + sulphuric acid →calcium sulphate + water + carbon dioxide

CaCO3+ H

2SO

4→ CaSO

4 + H

2O + CO

2

QuestionWhat problems are associated with using pesticides like DDT?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q22

Answer:They are toxic to other animals. They can’t be excreted and so they accumulate in the animals tissues and are passed on through the food chain.

QuestionWhat are the four stages that need to be considered in a life cycle assessment?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q24

Answer:Choice of materialManufactureUsing the productProduct disposal

QuestionWhat is a life cycle assessment?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q23

Answer:A process that looks at each stage of the life of a product and assesses the potential environmental impact of these stages.

QuestionWhat is meant by recycling?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q25

Answer:The materials can be processed and used again in new products.

QuestionIf a rock has ripples on it what does this tell you about how it was formed?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q26

Answer:It was formed underwater.

QuestionWhat is limestone and what is it made from?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q28

Answer:A sedimentary rock that mostly consists of calcium carbonate that comes from the shells and bones of sea creatures.

QuestionWhat can fossils tell you about a rock?

C3 – Chemicals in our lives

Q27

Answer:The age of the rock and the conditions under which it was formed.