QC and use Fracture Attribute Data Fracture Modeling – Petrel 2010 Initial Data Analysis Modeling Fracture Parameters Building Fracture Model Upscaling Fracture model with Multiple Fracture Drivers Import/Display Simulation Fracture Modeling Intro Theorethical Background
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QC and use Fracture
Attribute Data
Fracture Modeling – Petrel 2010
Initial Data
Analysis
Modeling Fracture
Parameters
Building Fracture
Model
Upscaling Fracture model with
Multiple Fracture Drivers
Import/Display
Simulation
Fracture Modeling
Intro
Theorethical
Background
Fracture Modeling Course Course Content
Day 1 Day 2
Introduction
Optional: Background theory
Import & display fracture data
QC and use fracture attributes
Initial data analysis
Modeling fracture parameters
Building a Fracture model
Upscaling fracture attributes
Fracture drivers
Dual porosity simulation setup
Fracture Modeling Course
Introduction Overview
What is Fracture Modeling?
Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Fluid Flow Simulation Models
Fracture Modeling approaches
Fracture Modeling Workflow
Data Set - Location
Data Set - Geological description – Stratigraphy/Mechanical zones
– Fractures
Data Set - Comparative Outcrop studies
What is Fracture Modeling? Purpose and Process
Purpose Create simulation properties for matrix and fractures to
be able to predict reservoir behavior
Why? Many reservoirs are dual porosity/dual permeability
(Naturally fractured); leading to high flow zones not representative of the matrix flow capacity
Flow simulators have problems simulating these kind of reservoirs.
Process Multi-disciplinary approach;
Use analyzed fracture data from wells
Building a Fracture model (DFN+IFM)
Upscale fracture permeability, porosity and connection factor between matrix and fractures from the Fracture model
These data can subsequently be simulated
Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Simple Classification of Reservoir types
I. Fractures provide essential Porosity and Permeability – Requires large reservoir tank or thick pay zones to be economical (no matrix porosity)
II. Fractures provide essential reservoir Permeability – Most reservoirs with storage in matrix but low matrix permeability
III. Fractures assist Permeability in already producible reservoir – Higher porosity lithologies
IV. Fractures provide no additional Porosity/Permeability – Fractures act as Flow Barriers
% o
f To
tal P
erm
.
% of Total Poro.
I II
III
IV
100% ΦF
100% KF
Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Example of Reservoir types
I. Fractures provide essential Porosity and
Permeability
II. Fractures provide essential reservoir
Permeability
– Fluid communication from Matrix to
Fractures is important
– Fracture Morphology essential !
III. Fracture assist Permeability in already
producible reservoir
IV. Fractures provide no additional
Porosity/Permeablity
• Morphology
M to F communication
• Good Recovery Factor
• Good waterflood
sweep efficiency
• Morphology
Restricted communication
• Poor Recovery Factor in
tight Matrix
• Poor waterflood sweep
efficiency
MATRIX
DISCHARGE
M
F
Crossflow No Crossflow
M
Fluid Flow Simulation Models How to approximate nature?
Reality Approximation
In Place Reserves
Recovery
Well Productivity
Field Connectivity
Reality captured in 3D Models
Ideally hydrocarbon flow takes place in a Single Porosity / Permeability system
However in Dual Porosity reservoirs, fluids exist in two interconnected systems (matrix and fractures). This must be accounted for in Simulation models.