Novell® Open Enterprise Server 2 on Linux: Installation and Migration for Absolute Beginners Marcus Gould Premium Support Engineer [email protected]
Novell® Open Enterprise Server 2 on Linux:Installation and Migration for Absolute Beginners
Marcus GouldPremium Support [email protected]
Introduction
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.3
Agenda
• Install a new Novell® Open Enterprise Server 2 Linux Server Into An Existing Tree
• Migrate from OES NetWare® to OES Linux
• Compare and Contrast
• Learn new things
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.4
What To Expect
• An introduction
• A quick march up the learning curve
• Overcome the fear of the unknown
• Lots of new information
• Building on what you already know
...Give you the knowledge and confidence to grabthe DVDs and build your first OES2 server...
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.5
What Not To Expect
• A month of Advanced Technical Training in two hours
• Lots of depth
• Answers to everything– No NCS, DNS, DHCP, AFP, CIFS, DSfW, DST, SMS, SLP, NSM,
NFR, NAM, FTP, iSCSI, NTP, ZAM, ZDM, ZPM, ZSM, ZCM, NetStorage, iFolder, Apache, Tomcat, GroupWise, BorderManager or Sentinel!
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.6
Recursion!
• My computer dictionary says– Recursion /rikursh’n/noun-- See recursion.
• We'll look at it later!
Demonstration Lab Setup
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.8
Current Tree
• London– NetWare® 6.5 SP8– DNS and DHCP– FTP installation source
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.9
Current Tree
• Manchester– NetWare® 6.5 SP8– DATAVOL: with some test data– iPrint Broker
Printer drivers– Print Manager
Test printer
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.10
Setup
• New Server– Unformatted machine - two disks
8Gb
10Gb
Demonstration
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.12
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8GbLondon
192.168.100.10SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.13
Summary of an Installation and Migration
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.14
Summary of an Installation and Migration
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SLES10 SP3OES2 SP2
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
Copy install media to London
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.15
Summary of an Installation and Migration
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
Make files available via FTP
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.16
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
/
temp192.168.100.30Boot from SLES10 SP3
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.17
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
/
temp192.168.100.30Build temp using London as source
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.18
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
/
temp192.168.100.30
Print Manager
Driver Store
Ensure pre-migration server, NCP™, NSS, iPrint and iManager are selected – other needed components will be selected automatically
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.19
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
/
temp192.168.100.30
Print Manager
Driver Store
Configure NSS and create new volume
M [Root]
DATAVOL:
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.20
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
/Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
temp192.168.100.30
Print Manager
Driver Store
Configure iPrint – create new Driver Store and Print Manager
M [Root]
DATAVOL:
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.21
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
DATAVOL:
/Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
temp192.168.100.30
Print Manager
Driver Store
Run miggui to migrate
miggui
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.22
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
DATAVOL:
/Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
temp192.168.100.30
Print Manager
Driver Store
Run miggui to migrate Files
miggui
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.23
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
DATAVOL:
/Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
Man_HPJL4Driverstemp192.168.100.30
Print Manager
Driver Store
Run miggui to migrate Files Broker, Manager, Drivers and Printers
miggui
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.24
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
DATAVOL:
/RW [Root]
Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
Man_HPJL4Driverstemp192.168.100.30
Print Manager
Driver Store
Run miggui to migrate Files Broker, Manager, Drivers and Printers eDirectory Database, including replicas
miggui
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.25
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
DATAVOL:
/RW [Root]
Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
Man_HPJL4DriversManchester192.168.100.20
Print Manager
Driver Store
Run miggui to migrate Files Broker, Manager, Drivers and Printers eDirectory Database, including replicas Identity – Name, Address, NICI keys, and certificates
miggui
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.26
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb
10Gb
8Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10Manchester192.168.100.20
SYS:
DATAVOL:
SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
Broker
NDPSM RW [Root]
Man_NDPSM
Man_HPJL4
Man_Broker
Drivers
DATAVOL:
/RW [Root]
Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
Man_HPJL4DriversManchester192.168.100.20
Print Manager
Driver Store
Decommission old server
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.27
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
DATAVOL:
/RW [Root]
Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
Man_HPJL4DriversManchester192.168.100.20
Print Manager
Driver Store
Clean up and test new server
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.28
Summary of an Installation and Migration
8Gb
10Gb8GbLondon
192.168.100.10SYS:
DHCP
DNS
FTP
DATAVOL:
/RW [Root]
Man_Print_Manager
Man_Driver_Store
Man_HPJL4DriversManchester192.168.100.20
Print Manager
Driver Store
M [Root]
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.29
Summary of an Installation and Migration – Start Point
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Summary of an Installation and Migration – Temp OES Server Added
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.31
Summary of an Installation and Migration – Migration Complete
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.32
Live Demo
• Let's go...
Linux Overview
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Background
• First version in 1991
• Linux is technically just the kernel– Requires the GNU utilities– Hence the full name GNU/Linux
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.35
What Do You Mean, Free?
• No restrictions: libre
• Costs no money: gratis
• General Public License (GPL)– Four Freedoms: Use, Study, Redistribute, Change– Changes and improvements must remain free (unlike BSD
licence)
• Open Source software is free but can still be charged for
– e.g.SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server, Red Hat, etc
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.36
openSUSE® and SUSE® Linux Enterprise• openSUSE
– Open Source project sponsored by Novell®
– Developed by Novell and the community– Free (gratis), free (libre) and unsupported by Novell– At the leading edge– Once openSUSE has matured and stabilised...
• SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE)– Commercial release– Paid for by subscription and supported by Novell– Some proprietary extras
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.37
SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server Platform Support• x86
• x86_64 (AMD64 and Intel EM64T)
• IA64 (Itanium 2)
• IBM POWER
• IBM System z (64-bit)
OES Overview
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.39
Background
• SUSE® Linux running NetWare® services– ...And some new ones
• Proprietary, not free
• Looks just like NetWare to users
• OES1 released in March 2005
• OES2 released October 2007
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.40
Platform Support
• x86
• x86_64 (AMD64 and Intel EM64T)
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.41
Version Control
• Cannot mix and match– OES2 SP1 requires SLES10 SP2– OES2 SP2 requires SLES10 SP3– ...etc
Problems, Problems, Problems
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The Biggest Problem With Linux is...?
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The Biggest Problem With Linux is...?
• Choice!
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The Biggest Problem With Linux is...?
• Which one is better?
• Which one is right?
• Which one would Novell® recommend?
• Which one do you like best?
...If you ask ten people, how many different answers do you think you will get?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.46
Is NetWare® Any Better?
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GNOME Desktop
• GNU Network Object Model Environment
• Focus on usability and simplicity
• Default desktop with SLES and OES
• Runs on X Windows
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KDE Desktop
• K Desktop Environment
• Feature-rich
• Can be installedinstead of GNOME(or as well as)
• Runs on X Windows
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File Systems: ReiserFS
• Advantages– Simple, quick, stable– Good performance and recovery– Efficient disk usage– Best with many small files
• Disadvantages– Only supports metadata journalling– Repair tools not very robust– Not so good with large files
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.50
File Systems: EXT3
• Advantages– Quick, stable– Handles large files well– Supports metadata journalling and data writes
• Disadvantages– Does not scale well to large volumes– Does not scale well to many (>500 per directory) small files
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.51
File Systems: NSS
• Advantages– Very rich metadata (rights model)– Salvage, compression, shredding, snapshots, user quotas
• Disadvantages– So many features may present an overhead
The Basics
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.53
Scalability and Resilience
• OES NetWare®
– 32 Bit - 4 Gb address space– Most code executes in Ring 0– Some code executes in protected memory
• OES Linux– 32 Bit - 4 Gb address space– 64 Bit - Huge address space– Most code executes in protected memory– Some code executes in Ring 0
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.54
Code
• OES NetWare®
– NetWare Loadable Module (NLM)– Both programs and libraries are modules– .NCF Scripts (also .BAS, etc)
• OES Linux– Binary Executables (no extension)– Shared Libraries (.so)– .sh scripts (also, .py, etc)
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.55
File Extensions
• A DOS/Windows thing– Extensions mean something to the Operating System
• Not widely used in Linux– A document called mytext.doc could be a spreadsheet
• A lot of conventions exist– e.g. .sh for shell script– e.g. .py for Python script– ...But you still don't need them
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.56
Just in Case
• Linux is case sensitive– cd /home/syd/music will workCD /home/syd/music will fail
– /home/syd/ and /home/SYD are different
• Everything!– File/Pathnames, commands, scripts...– ...Switches and parameters can mean different things
depending on their case
• If a command doesn't go according to plan– Check, check and then check again
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.57
Slash
• DOS, Windows and NetWare®
– Back slash: \ or Forward slash: /– e.g.edit sys:\etc\hosts
edit sys:/etc/hosts
• Linux– Forward slash only: /– e.g.edit /etc/hosts
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.58
Dot
• Novell® eDirectory™ on Windows and NetWare®
– NDAP format with dots:– e.g.cn=Syd.ou=Darkside.O=TheMoon
• eDirectory on Linux– LDAP format with commas:– e.g.cn=Syd,ou=Darkside,O=TheMoon
• There may be inconsistencies– If it doesn't work, try the other way!
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.59
Who's The Daddy?
• OES has two all-powerful superusers:– Linux: root– eDirectory: Admin
• Use sudo to run a single command as root
• Use su (or su -) to switch to root
• Do not login as a superuser for day-to-day activities
• Do not bring bad habits with you!
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.60
Logging In
• Console
• ssh
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Who Knows Who is Who?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.62
Who Knows Who is Who?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.63
Who Knows Who is Who?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.64
Who Knows Who is Who?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.65
Who Knows Who is Who?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.66
sudo -Elevated Privileges by Proxy
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.67
Moving Around
• 8 default consoles (tty)
• Switch Screens– Text Consoles: <CTRL><ALT><F1> ... <F6>
– Graphical Console: <CTRL><ALT><F7>
– Error Messages: <CTRL><ALT><F10>
The Big Differences
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.69
Disk Naming
• Controller– SCSI: sdx– IDE: hdx
• Disks– a, b, c, etc– e.g. sda, sdb, hda, etc
• Partitions– 1, 2, 3, etc– e.g. sda1, sda2, sdb1, etc
sda sda1
sda2
/
swap
sdb sdb1
/home
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.70
Disk Naming
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.71
Disk Naming
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.72
Disk Naming
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.73
Disk Naming
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.74
Disk Naming
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.75
Where is Everything?
• System directories/ (The root directory)/bin /boot/dev /etc/home /initrd/lib /lost+found/media /mnt/opt /proc/root /sbin/usr /var/srv /tmp
• http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy/html/index.html
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.76
Mount Points
• Any directory can be a mount point– Another device; e.g. hard disk, iPod, USB, etc– Remote network; e.g. CIFS, NFS, etc– Comparable to Distributed File System (DFS) on NSS
• e.g. mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt
• / (root) is comparable to SYS: on NetWare®
– Keep it on its own disk, just like SYS: on NetWare
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.77
Mount Points
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.78
Mount Points
sdb
sdc
sda
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.79
Mount Points
sda1
sda2
Swap
/
sdb
sdc
sda
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.80
Mount Points
sda1
sda2
Swap
/
sda3 /home
sdb
sdc
sda
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.81
Mount Points
sda1
sda2
Swap
/
sda3 /home
sdb
sdc
sda
sdb1 /media/disk
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.82
Mount Points
sda1
sda2
Swap
/
sda3 /home
sdb
sdc
sda
sdb1 /media/disk
sdc2 /media/TMARCUST
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.83
Mount Points
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.84
Mount Points
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.85
Mount Points
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.86
Mount Points
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.87
Mount Points
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.88
Everything in the File System
• /dev
– Maps devices to files
• /proc
– Similar to the NetWare® virtual _admin: volume– e.g.cat /proc/diskstats
cat /proc/meminfo
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.89
/proc
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.90
Up and Down
• Runlevels– init 0 aka shutdown– init 1 Single user, no network, no services– init 2 Multiuser, network, no services– init 3 Multiuser, network, services– init 4 Not used/user defined– init 5 Multiuser, network, services, X Windows– init 6 aka reboot
• Server usually runs in runlevel 3 or 5
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.91
Start and Stop
• /etc/init.d/<service name> start|stop|status|...– Just text files – have a look! (use cat or more)– e.g./etc/init.d/tomcat5 stop
• service <service name> start|stop|status|...– Borrowed from RedHat– e.g.service tomcat5 start
• rc<service name> start|stop|status|...– SUSE-Specific– e.g.rctomcat5 status
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.92
Error Logs
• Main logs– /var/log/messages– /var/log/boot.msg
• Program-specific– /var/log/*– e.g. /var/log/apache2/error_log
• Other– Refer to the documentation– e.g. /var/opt/novell/log/*
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.93
Configuration Files
• Main configuration files– /etc/* and subdirectories– e.g. /etc/ntp.conf
/etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf/etc/opt/novell/ncp/ncpserv.audit.conf
• Application-specific– Refer to documentation– e.g. /var/opt/novell/ncs
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.94
Users
• NetWare® – eDirectory™
– Hierarchical– Distributed– Encrypted Database
• Linux – Password Repository– Flat– Server-centric– Text file with encrypted entries (/etc/shadow or /etc/passwd)
• Integrate using LUM (more on that later)
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.95
NSS File Rights and Permissions
• NetWare® Rights– SRWCEMFA– Assigned to users, groups and containers– rights.exe, etc
• NetWare Attributes– AciDcDiDmHIcNPRiRoRwShSyTX– Assigned to files and directories– flag.exe, etc
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.96
Linux File Rights and Permissions
• Linux Rights– RWX– Assigned to a user, a group and everyone– chmod– e.g.chmod 644 diamond.txt
• Linux ACLs– setfacl, getfacl– Not really needed in an OES context
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.97
Permissions and Ownership
• -rw-r--r-- 1 mgould users 21 2010-02-03 14:10 diamond.txt
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.98
Permissions and Ownership
• -rw-r--r-- 1 mgould users 21 2010-02-03 14:10 diamond.txt
r w x r w x r w x
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.99
Permissions and Ownership
• -rw-r--r-- 1 mgould users 21 2010-02-03 14:10 diamond.txt
r w x r w x r w x
Owner Group Others
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.100
Permissions and Ownership
• -rw-r--r-- 1 mgould users 21 2010-02-03 14:10 diamond.txt
Owner Group Others
4 2 1 4 2 1 4 2 1
r w x r w x r w x
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.101
Permissions and Ownership
• -rw-r--r-- 1 mgould users 21 2010-02-03 14:10 diamond.txt
Owner Group Others
4 2 1 4 2 1 4 2 1
6 4 4
r w x r w x r w x
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.102
Permissions and Ownership
• -rw-r--r-- 1 mgould users 21 2010-02-03 14:10 diamond.txt
• e.g. chmod 644 diamond.txt
Owner Group Others
4 2 1 4 2 1 4 2 1
6 4 4
r w x r w x r w x
mgould users Everyone Else
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.103
File Ownership
• NetWare®/NSS owner (aka creator)– iManager
• Linux owner– chown
e.g.chown mgould diamond.txt– chgrp
e.g.chgrp users diamond.txt
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.104
Running Scripts and Executables
• Explicit path– e.g./sbin/myapp
• Relative path– e.g../myscript.sh– myscript.sh on its own won't work
• Check execute and owner– e.g.Can Syd execute this?-rwxrw-r-- 1 mgould users 98 2010-02-03 14:12 crazy.sh
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.105
File Formats
• Carriage Returns and Line Feeds– Do not use DOS/Windows editors– Handled differently– dos2unix
• Check with a hex editor– e.g.okteta
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.106
Not Part of OES Linux
• IPX
• Traditional Volumes
• Timesync
• iFolder 2
OES Services
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.108
eDirectory™
• ndsd daemon– List instances: ndsmanage
– DSRepair: ndsrepair
– DSTrace: ndstrace
• Default directories– Dibset: /var/opt/novell/eDirectory/data/dib– Binaries: /opt/novell/eDirectory/– Config: /etc/opt/novell/eDirectory/conf/nds.conf– Logs: /var/opt/novell/eDirectory/log/
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.109
Novell® Storage Services (NSS)• novell-nss kernel module
– Also ncp2nss– NSSMU: nssmu
– NSS Console: nsscon
• Mounted in Linux– /media/nss/<Volume_Name>
• Default directories– Binaries: /opt/novell/nss– Config: /etc/opt/novell/nss/nssstart.cfg
/etc/opt/novell/ncp2nss.conf– Logs: /var/opt/novell/log/ncp2nss.log
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.110
Novell® Core Protocol (NCP™)
• Runs as part of eDirectory™ (ndsd)– 'MONITOR': ncptop
– NCP Console: ncpcon
• Default directories– Binaries: /opt/novell/ncpserv– Config: /etc/opt/novell/ncpserv.conf– Logs: /var/opt/novell/log/ncpserv.log
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.111
Novell® Core Protocol (NCP™)
• Make Linux volumes available via NCP– ncpcon:create volume <NCP Vol> <Linux Dir>– e.g.create volume ncpdata /data/stuff– NoRM
• Why use NSS, then?– Scalability limited to underlying file system– Lacks NSS features like salvage, compression, shredding, etc
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.112
Linux User Management (LUM)
• Allows local Linux users to be managed via, and interface with, eDirectory™
• Optional but required by iPrint, NSS, etc– e.g.To see correct owner, modifier, deleter and archiver of a file
• Administration via iManager and YaST
• The defaults will work for this demonstration
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Compatibility
• Many Legacy tools should still work
• ...But not necessarily supported!– DOS command-line Tools– DOS C-Worthy Tools– Windows Tools– NWAdmin– ConsoleOne®
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Things You Weren't Expecting to See
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Things You Weren't Expecting to See
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Things You Weren't Expecting to See
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Things You Weren't Expecting to See
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Things You Weren't Expecting to See
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Things You Weren't Expecting to See
Your in-house toolsmay require little
or no modification
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Things You Weren't Expecting to See
Use at your own risk!
Your in-house toolsmay require little
or no modification
Linux Tools and Commands
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RTFM!
• Read The Free Manuals
• All commands should have a man page
• Man pages– man <command>
– e.g.man ndsrepair– http://www.linuxmanpages.com/
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man
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More Free Information
• Info pages– info <command>
– e.g.info cp
• Many commands have an info page
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info
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Yet Another Setup Tool - YaST
• Similar to Windows Control Panel
• Easy to use
• Hides command lines, parameters and complexity
• Configure all aspects of SLES and OES
• GUI or text versions
• ...If in doubt how to configure the system, check YaST!
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YaST
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YaST
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Handy Commands
• Don't forget: man <command>
• Navigating directories– mkdir (md), chdir (cd), rmdir (rd)– ls (dir) best used with -la parameter
i.e. ls -la
• Manipulating files– cat
– tail
– vi (edit)
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Handy Commands
• Don't forget: man <command>
• Manipulating files– cp
– mv
– rm
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Handy Commands
• Watching processes– top
– kill <PID> (or kill -9 <PID> if it just won't die)– ps (try ps -eaf)
• Manipulating disks– mount
– fdisk (try fdisk -l)– fsck
OES Tools and Commands
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Handy Tools
• Server-based tools– You must be the root user to use these tools– NCP™: ncptop, ncpcon– NSS: nsscon, nssmu, ravsui– Trustees & attribs: rights, attrib, metamig– eDirectory™: ndstrace, ndsrepair
• Browser-based tools– You must have sufficient eDirectory rights to use these tools– iMonitor, iManager, NoRM
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ncptop
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ncpcon
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nsscon
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nssmu
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ravsui
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rights
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attrib
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metamig
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ndstrace
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ndsrepair
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Novell Remote Manager (NoRM)
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iManager
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iMonitor
Migration Utility
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Types of Migration
• Consolidate– Reorganise resources
e.g.File, print, AFP, CIFS, DHCP, iFolder, etc– One-to-one or many-to-one– Same tree or different tree (not CIFS, AFP)
• Transfer ID– Transfer server identity from source to target– Includes name, IP address, eDirectory™ replicas, NICI keys,
certificates, etc– Same tree only
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The Migration Tool Utility
• Check the documentation– Print this:http://www.novell.com/documentation/oes2/pdfdoc/mig_tools_lx/mig_tools_lx.pdf
• Check the prerequisites– Consolidation: Page 51 Transfer ID: Page 59
• Do a test run– Then do another test run– Ensure you have a good backup before doing it for real
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miggui - The Migration Tool Utility
Troubleshooting
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Find the Error Message
• Check the logs– There are lots of logs
• Check the case and syntax– Then check again
• Check permissions and ownership– Is it executable? Do you have permission to execute it?
• Don't abandon what you already know– Comms, eDirectory™, DNS, naming, location
Odds and Ends
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Phrase Book
Linux NetWare®
Bonding NIC TeamingCore AbendFlash BIOSHW addr/burnt-in addr MAC addressIPL (Initial Program Load) (Re)boot/restart/reset/reinitializeNet adapter/ethx NIC (Network Interface Card)Router GatewaySerial port/ttysx Com port/COMxSlice Volume/partition
• NetWare to Linux command maphttp://www.novell.com/documentation/oes2/mgmt_lx_tips_lx_nw/data/nw2linux.html
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Useful Sources of Information
• Novell®
• Partners
• http://support.novell.com
• http://forums.novell.com
• http://www.google.com
Summary
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Recap
• That installation again, in pictures...
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Recap
• Now the migration...
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Summary
• Install an OES test system as soon as you can
• Experiment
• Build on what you already know
• Find your way around
• ...Have a lot of fun!
Any Questions?
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