C hapter 7 West Virginia’s First People Review.

Chapter 7 West Virginia’s First PeopleReview

the beliefs, customs, and

civilization of a particular people

or group

culture

before written history

prehistory

What three cultures are included as prehistoric

cultures?

•Paleo

•Archaic

•Early and Middle Woodland

earliest primitive hunters

Paleo Indians

used to throw spears with more

force

atlatl

studies the origin, development, customs, and

beliefs of humans

anthropologist

most lasting remains of the

Adena

Earthen mounds and

walls

Institute Mound – Kanawha County

items such as bits of stone, bone, pottery,

tools, cave paintings, andweavings that are left

behind by people

artifacts

In WV, where are the

majority of the mounds located?

Ohio, Kanawha, Potomac River

Valleys

largest mound east of the

Mississippi River

Grave Creek Mound,

Moundsville, Marshall County

Grave Creek Mound – Marshall County

second largest mound in WV

Creil Mound, South

Charleston, Kanawha County

South Charleston Mound – Kanawha County

needed to construct

the mounds with such accuracy

Knowledge of mathematics

Why bury their dead in vault ?

They believed in the after

life

found on Mount Carbon in Fayette

county

Long Walls

Walls in Tyler County

Ben's Run

Woodland Indians changed from hunting and

gathering to -

agriculture - farming

What kind of crops did they grow?

corn, beans, squash

Woodland shelters

Wigwams

Longhouses

two methods of making fire

friction and spark

clearings made by burning off

the ground cover

Old Fields

Indians only domesticated

animal

dog

Indians main of means

transportation

canoe

Indian method of education

learn by doing, skills that

were necessary for their way

of life

Method of appreciation

of their heritage

free verse poetry

What three reasons are given for the Indians’

migration?

1.Famine

2.Disease

3.Driven out by Iroquois

disease devastating

to the Indians

smallpox

What Indian tribes made

up the Iroquois Nation?

Cayuga, Onondaga,

Oneida, Mohawk, Seneca, later Tuscarora

What tribes were forced west of the

Ohio River by the Iroquois?

Shawnee, Mingo,

Delaware

What the area that is WV become when the Indian tribes no longer lived here

hunting and fishing

ground

study what people leave

behind

archaeologist

strip of land that at one time joined together NA and

Asia

Bering Strait

Studies origin, history, structure

of earth

geologist

wanderer

nomads

Values or traditions handed

down from previous

generations

heritage

Moving from one area to another

migration

Shortage of food

famine

Natural resistance to

disease

immunity

Powerful union of tribes

Iroquois

Middle era of Woodland

Culture

Hopewell

Early period of Woodland

Culture

Adena

Culture that followed the

Paleo Indians, gatherers, not only hunters

Archaic

Long walls in Fayette County

Mount Carbon

Compare the size of Grave

Creek and Creil Mounds

Grave Creek is twice as big

Found inside

themounds

Found in mounds• Chambers• Shell beads• Skeletons• Mica• Copper bracelets

Conclusions from what was found in

mounds

Conclusions• Life after death• Contact with others• Form of government• Leadership• Craftsmen

Theory on the purpose of the

long walls

Defense &Worship

Purpose of Indian

celebrations

Religious(thanked Gods)

Earliest WV culture that we

have much information

Adena-Hopewell

Place of the foot

Allegheny

Place of white stone

Kanawha

Narrow bottomed river

Guyandotte

River of plenty fat

doe

Pocatalico

White foaming river

Ohio

Endless mountain range

Appalachian

Daughter of the stars

Shenandoah

River of fat elk

Elk orTiskelwah

County named

for Chief

Logan

County named for

Indian Princess

Pocahontas

County named for Indian

Tribe

Mingo

Once great Indian Town

Buffalo Village

Identify the Indian Culture associated with

the following items

7-foot skeleton

Early/Middle Woodland

Atlatl

Archaic

Clovis Point

Paleo

Farming

Early/Middle Woodland

Folsom point

Archaic

fruits and nuts

Archaic

gatherers

Archaic

hunters

Paleo

mounds

Early/Middle Woodland

wooly mammoth

Paleo

woven nets

Archaic

Wigwams

Early/Middle Woodland