CELLS REVIEW QUESTIONS Answer the following questions: 1. What is the function of the lysosome in the cell? 2. What is diffusion? 3. Name 2 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 4. What is osmosis? 5. What is the function of the cell membrane?
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C ELLS R EVIEW Q UESTIONS Answer the following questions: 1. What is the function of the lysosome in the cell? 2. What is diffusion? 3. Name 2 differences.
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CELLS REVIEW QUESTIONS
Answer the following questions:
1. What is the function of the lysosome in the cell?
2. What is diffusion?3. Name 2 differences between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells. 4. What is osmosis?5. What is the function of the cell membrane?
1. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE LYSOSOMES IN THE CELL?
-Cleanup crew of the cell
- Small organelles filled with enzymes; will digest lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates into smaller molecules for the cell to use
2. WHAT IS DIFFUSION?
- Movement of particles from high concentration to areas of low concentration
- Diffusion requires NO ENERGY ( NO ATP!!!)
3. NAME 2 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS.
Prokaryotic Cells – DNA floats freely in nucleus, no nucleus, simple cells, BACTERIA
Eukaryotic Cells – DNA enclosed in the nucleus, contain a nucleus, more complex than prokaryotic cells,
Types: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists
4. WHAT IS OSMOSIS?
- Type of Diffusion
- Movement of WATER
5. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CELL MEMBRANE?
- Regulates what goes in and out of the cell
- The cell membrane is selectively permeable
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
• Sometimes cells must move material against a concentration gradient – from *low to high*
(It’s sort of like pushing your bike up a hill! – you need ENERGY to get that bike to the top)
Active Transport requires ENERGY (ATP!!!)
Smaller molecules and ions carried across the membrane by proteins that act like energy (ATP!!!) requiring pumps
Examples: Calcium, Potassium, and Sodium ions
SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP
Na- ions are maintained at a lower concentration inside the cell, and K+ ions are maintained at higher concentration inside the cell
SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP
Active transport by protein molecules of the sodium and potassium ions is central to electrical impulses by nerve cells
The ions are squeezed through the transport proteins, as the proteins change their configuration to accommodate their riders