By: Sujan Sivaloganathan Room 704

By: Sujan Sivaloganathan

Room 704

DesignDesign When building bikes, the parts and materials needed and the form/shape of When building bikes, the parts and materials needed and the form/shape of

the bike need to be consideredthe bike need to be considered The form of a bicycle is easy to sketch out, however you need to think The form of a bicycle is easy to sketch out, however you need to think

about what shape you want it to look likeabout what shape you want it to look like There are all kinds of bikes in the world including Harley Davidsons and There are all kinds of bikes in the world including Harley Davidsons and

the new ‘bikes of the future’the new ‘bikes of the future’ When making a sketch, there needs to be a clear shape of the frame and all When making a sketch, there needs to be a clear shape of the frame and all

the measurements of the different partsthe measurements of the different parts The manufacturers need to know the angles and dimensions of the different The manufacturers need to know the angles and dimensions of the different

sides on a framesides on a frame Listing the colour and the text would also be a good ideaListing the colour and the text would also be a good idea Planning out the procedure is also necessary because you want to try to get Planning out the procedure is also necessary because you want to try to get

the best materials without harming the environmentthe best materials without harming the environment Most materials taken from nature are usually grown which make them Most materials taken from nature are usually grown which make them

‘green’‘green’

DesignDesign The parts of a bike are based on three things: the frame, the wheels and The parts of a bike are based on three things: the frame, the wheels and

the pedal/chain areathe pedal/chain area When choosing a frame you need to know a few things: the size, the When choosing a frame you need to know a few things: the size, the

colour, the material and the design of the framecolour, the material and the design of the frame The main parts of a frame are the fork, head tube, top tube, down tube, The main parts of a frame are the fork, head tube, top tube, down tube,

seat tube, chain stays and the seat staysseat tube, chain stays and the seat stays The wheel has to be the perfect size to fit the frame of a bikeThe wheel has to be the perfect size to fit the frame of a bike Tires can be thin or fat, with different types of materials and different Tires can be thin or fat, with different types of materials and different

diameters (there’s even winter and all-season tires)diameters (there’s even winter and all-season tires) The pedal and chain are very important components because they make The pedal and chain are very important components because they make

bikes movebikes move Pedal widths are chosen by the sizes of bicycles and estimated age Pedal widths are chosen by the sizes of bicycles and estimated age

groupgroup Chains have to be the correct length which is why the angles and Chains have to be the correct length which is why the angles and

lengths of frames are importantlengths of frames are important

Materials ExtractionMaterials Extraction• All sorts of materials are used to build bikes because there are so many different

parts that make up the whole• Wheels are usually made with a metal hub, wire tension spokes and metal or carbon

fiber rim which holds a pneumatic rubber tire• Metal is basically a rock which is found on the earth’s crust and is mined for, when

mining with big machines they’re also known as metal ores• Carbon fiber is an extremely thin but strong fiber made of almost pure carbon• Rubber is a material that has to processed from a liquid called latex, which is found

in the bark of heveas or rubber trees in Brazil• The frame is the largest component of the bike which is mostly made of a few

simple materials on different bikes• These materials are titanium, aluminum, carbon fiber and steel which are all types

of metals that are found in the earth’s crust when mining• All these materials are great sources for frames because they make the bike light

weight

Materials ProcessingMaterials Processing Making a bike tire isn’t very hard at all but it does release a lot of smoke Making a bike tire isn’t very hard at all but it does release a lot of smoke

when heating the rubber, which causes air pollutionwhen heating the rubber, which causes air pollution All you need to do is mold the shape and size of your tire, fill it with the All you need to do is mold the shape and size of your tire, fill it with the

foamy liquid and heat it in a burning hot ovenfoamy liquid and heat it in a burning hot oven Metal frames are made by melting pieces of metal together and forming Metal frames are made by melting pieces of metal together and forming

cylinder shapes that need to be joined togethercylinder shapes that need to be joined together This process causes a lot of smoke to leave large metal making factoriesThis process causes a lot of smoke to leave large metal making factories After the making of parts, they are died in different coloursAfter the making of parts, they are died in different colours Afterwards, the parts are all somehow stuck together to make a basic frameAfterwards, the parts are all somehow stuck together to make a basic frame All other parts including the brakes and handlebars are made of plastic which All other parts including the brakes and handlebars are made of plastic which

is shaped by cutting it with a frameis shaped by cutting it with a frame The chain drive is also like a wheel, which is put in a template that holds the The chain drive is also like a wheel, which is put in a template that holds the

shape of all the cuts and ridgesshape of all the cuts and ridges

ManufacturingBy putting the liquid from rubber trees through the process of making tires takes a lot of workThe template you’re using has to have the right tread that is appropriate for the type of bike that is being producedAfterwards, the inner tubes have to be installed correctly to pierce air valves into themThe spokes also have to be stuck in in the correct shapeWhen making the frame, it’s all about how long you want the metal and how you want it to be shaped likeAfter all the parts are heated and smooth, they are stuck together with a sticky glue and stuck in the oven to melt together into one whole frameEnvironmentally there’s only one problem: the amount of smoke that is released when putting metal in the oven

ManufacturingThe biggest ever environmental and health problem is spray painting the bike’s frameMost of the paint that is sprayed at the metal is actually not sticking onto the frame, but floating into the airA bunch of government workers were sent to small companies to change the way of spray painting by changing the shape of the nozzle and using electrostatic application insteadThe company was also advised to use a regular gas oven for dryingFrom this “pollution prevention” the company had 4 tons less of the volatile organic gases that were released into the airThe amount of paint use was decreased by 32% and the amount of solvent was lowered by 80%\The process of making a bike has become so much more environment-friendly from the help of the government

ManufacturingOther parts in the manufacturing of a bike include:

The chain drive and gearing which are mostly located by the handlebars, help change the strength needed to ride the bike and the speed of the bicycle

The actual metal chain is located between the rear wheel and the pedals

The saddle (a.k.a. the seat) is located directly above the chain drive and is usually made out of rubber on kids’ bikes and leather for bigger bikes

There is sometimes a height under the saddle which makes it rise and drop

The handlebars are needed if you want to be safe because the help you keep your balance and contain the brakes and gears

Handlebars are also known to be a part of the frame and have rubber or leather covers on top

Finally brakes are found being made by plastic in most cases and are squeezed to send a message through a cable to press against the wheel rim and stop letting the wheel turn

Most brakes have tighter connections to the rear brakes and looser bonds to the front ones to keep a rider from flipping at a sudden halt

Packaging and DistributionPackaging and Distribution• Bikes are known to be a larger utility vehicle which makes it sort of hard for it to be packagedBikes are known to be a larger utility vehicle which makes it sort of hard for it to be packaged• Most bikes are usually shipped right out of factories and sent out to storesMost bikes are usually shipped right out of factories and sent out to stores• However, there is a new creation called a bike bag or bike case which is pretty much like a However, there is a new creation called a bike bag or bike case which is pretty much like a

briefcase that consists of all the different partsbriefcase that consists of all the different parts• The different parts only include the frame and two wheels and take only 5 minutes to put The different parts only include the frame and two wheels and take only 5 minutes to put

togethertogether• There is one thing to consider: how much does it cost? It ranges from $50-$150!!!!!There is one thing to consider: how much does it cost? It ranges from $50-$150!!!!!• Even when transporting bikes they sometimes use bike bags to protect the bicycles from being Even when transporting bikes they sometimes use bike bags to protect the bicycles from being

damaged, but mostly boxes are used to ship smaller training wheel bikesdamaged, but mostly boxes are used to ship smaller training wheel bikes• Bicycles are mostly transported by 18-wheeled trucks to retailers in the same province or stateBicycles are mostly transported by 18-wheeled trucks to retailers in the same province or state• Planes also carry bikes that are shipped from other countries as special orders for certain Planes also carry bikes that are shipped from other countries as special orders for certain

peoplepeople• The bike carrying case is just a waste of materials, such as plastic, which are extracted from The bike carrying case is just a waste of materials, such as plastic, which are extracted from

the Earth’s crust and have to be manufactured themselvesthe Earth’s crust and have to be manufactured themselves• That’s like doing twice the work for something that is insane and worthlessThat’s like doing twice the work for something that is insane and worthless

UseUse The bicycle has been used for so many things that it has become a daily need in The bicycle has been used for so many things that it has become a daily need in

many people’s livesmany people’s lives Here are a few uses of the very handy bike:Here are a few uses of the very handy bike: Utility: Bikes have become the best way of transportation in India, China etc.Utility: Bikes have become the best way of transportation in India, China etc. Work: In some countries, bicycles are used for mail delivery, police and paramedicsWork: In some countries, bicycles are used for mail delivery, police and paramedics Entertainment/Recreation: Biking is a way of exercising, is in BMX and bike toursEntertainment/Recreation: Biking is a way of exercising, is in BMX and bike tours Power: From the speed of pedaling bikes, electricity can be generated to appliancesPower: From the speed of pedaling bikes, electricity can be generated to appliances Military: Bikes have even been used in wars in the past to move medicationMilitary: Bikes have even been used in wars in the past to move medication Even though all those different types of uses sound cool, there are always rulesEven though all those different types of uses sound cool, there are always rules One extremely important rule that 65% Canadian kids ignore is wearing their One extremely important rule that 65% Canadian kids ignore is wearing their

helmets that keep their heads from cracking open in an accidenthelmets that keep their heads from cracking open in an accident Other than the help of helmets there are other “cool” gear that keep you safe like: a Other than the help of helmets there are other “cool” gear that keep you safe like: a

lock, bell, reflector, dynamo light, water bottle and correct bike clotheslock, bell, reflector, dynamo light, water bottle and correct bike clothes Finally, the rules on the road: When riding bicycles you must ride as far to the right Finally, the rules on the road: When riding bicycles you must ride as far to the right

on the road as possible and keep a metre away from carson the road as possible and keep a metre away from cars Learning hand signals is a good idea so car drivers are alert what you’re going to Learning hand signals is a good idea so car drivers are alert what you’re going to

dodo

End Of LifeEnd Of Life As bikes get old and rusty the usually get repaired, but what if they get too small?As bikes get old and rusty the usually get repaired, but what if they get too small? Most people in the world usually give their bikes away to relatives so they don’t Most people in the world usually give their bikes away to relatives so they don’t

waste money and throw it in the dumpwaste money and throw it in the dump There isn’t a way that you really dispose bikes other than taking the metal rods There isn’t a way that you really dispose bikes other than taking the metal rods

apart and re-using themapart and re-using them Unless your bicycle has been crushed and is in bad shape, you don’t throw your Unless your bicycle has been crushed and is in bad shape, you don’t throw your

bike awaybike away If you don’t want your bike anymore, you can donate it to a local store where they If you don’t want your bike anymore, you can donate it to a local store where they

can repair it and sell it for a more affordable pricecan repair it and sell it for a more affordable price Bicycles have also become an object that is used frequently in shopping websites Bicycles have also become an object that is used frequently in shopping websites

such as eBay and Craig's listsuch as eBay and Craig's list Bikes are made so that they don’t turn out to be a part of hurting the environment Bikes are made so that they don’t turn out to be a part of hurting the environment

such as being thrown in a dump without being re-used, reduced or recycledsuch as being thrown in a dump without being re-used, reduced or recycled

BibliographyBibliography► Pinchuk, Amy (2003). Pinchuk, Amy (2003). The Best Book Of BikesThe Best Book Of Bikes. Toronto:. Toronto:

Maple Tree Press.Maple Tree Press.► Wikipedia Contributors. Bicycle.Wikipedia Contributors. Bicycle.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicyclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle► Wang, Ping Tien. Free Patents Online.Wang, Ping Tien. Free Patents Online.

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6966570.htmlhttp://www.freepatentsonline.com/6966570.html► Rowlinson, John. Green Uses For WasteRowlinson, John. Green Uses For Waste

http://www.greenusesforwaste.co.uk/about-bike-recycling.htmlhttp://www.greenusesforwaste.co.uk/about-bike-recycling.html► Chan Shen, Lo. Free Patents Online.Chan Shen, Lo. Free Patents Online.

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7178240.htmlhttp://www.freepatentsonline.com/7178240.html