By Sazjaz97. Types of Weathering In these next few slides I will be talking about different types of weathering that force the rocks to come apart and.

CoastsCoastsBy Sazjaz97By Sazjaz97

Types of WeatheringTypes of WeatheringIn these next few slides I will be talking about

different types of weathering that force the

rocks to come apart and break down.

There are four main types of weathering. These

are:• Biological Weathering• Chemical Weathering• Freeze-Thaw Weathering• Onion-Skin Weathering

All of these help to break down the rock which makes the

rock weaker and therefore easier for waves to erode.

In these next few slides I will be talking about

different types of weathering that force the

rocks to come apart and break down.

There are four main types of weathering. These

are:• Biological Weathering• Chemical Weathering• Freeze-Thaw Weathering• Onion-Skin Weathering

All of these help to break down the rock which makes the

rock weaker and therefore easier for waves to erode.

Biological WeatheringBiological Weathering

Biological weathering is caused by the activities of living organisms. An

example of biological weathering is were seeds manage to fall into the

cracks and joints in the rock and then they slowly force the rock apart.

The moisture from the sea helps the seeds grow into a small plant or

tree. Hence, the roots will gradually develop and force the cracks to

widen and therefore the rocks will eventually fall apart. Also, biological

weathering is were small creatures such as moles and even

earthworms can help to break down the rock. However saying this, tree

roots are probably the most significant because they are capable of

widening the rocks. Plants can also give off organic acids that help to

break down the rock chemically.

Biological weathering is caused by the activities of living organisms. An

example of biological weathering is were seeds manage to fall into the

cracks and joints in the rock and then they slowly force the rock apart.

The moisture from the sea helps the seeds grow into a small plant or

tree. Hence, the roots will gradually develop and force the cracks to

widen and therefore the rocks will eventually fall apart. Also, biological

weathering is were small creatures such as moles and even

earthworms can help to break down the rock. However saying this, tree

roots are probably the most significant because they are capable of

widening the rocks. Plants can also give off organic acids that help to

break down the rock chemically.

Chemical WeatheringChemical WeatheringChemical weathering is when chemicals break down the rock to form

smaller ones. For example, everyday rain water that contains acid,

helps to make the rock crumble and rot away. This is called

carbonation. Others types of chemical weathering are hydrolysis

(breakdown by water such as the sea), hydration (breakdown by the

absorption of water ) and finally oxidation (breakdown by oxygen in the

air and water). Water and heat generally make chemical weathering

happen faster.

Chemical weathering is when chemicals break down the rock to form

smaller ones. For example, everyday rain water that contains acid,

helps to make the rock crumble and rot away. This is called

carbonation. Others types of chemical weathering are hydrolysis

(breakdown by water such as the sea), hydration (breakdown by the

absorption of water ) and finally oxidation (breakdown by oxygen in the

air and water). Water and heat generally make chemical weathering

happen faster.

Freeze-Thaw WeatheringFreeze-Thaw Weathering

Freeze-Thaw weathering is very common in

mountainous and glacial environments. Freeze-thaw is

the cause of water as it begins to freeze. As water in a

joint freezes, it expands in volume by 9%. This creates

great pressure on the rock, causing the joint to enlarge.

After many cycles of freeze-thaw the rock slowly begins

to break off.

Freeze-Thaw weathering is very common in

mountainous and glacial environments. Freeze-thaw is

the cause of water as it begins to freeze. As water in a

joint freezes, it expands in volume by 9%. This creates

great pressure on the rock, causing the joint to enlarge.

After many cycles of freeze-thaw the rock slowly begins

to break off.

Onion-Skin WeatheringOnion-Skin Weathering

Onion-skin weathering is when the rock is constantly

heated and cooled. When the rock is heated it begins to

expand and when it cools it contracts. Continual expansion

and contraction causes it to peel off like onions. Onion-skin

weathering is very common in deserts because they are

warm by day but cool at night.

Onion-skin weathering is when the rock is constantly

heated and cooled. When the rock is heated it begins to

expand and when it cools it contracts. Continual expansion

and contraction causes it to peel off like onions. Onion-skin

weathering is very common in deserts because they are

warm by day but cool at night.

ErosionErosion

Erosion means to wear away the rock. There are four

main types of erosion:• Hydraulic Action:- This is when the force of the

water wears away the rock.• Abrasion:- This is a pebble sliding against the rock

like a sand paper action to wear it away. • Attrition:- This is when pebbles collide against the

rock and hit each other cracking the rocks surface. • Corrosion:- This is the acid in the salt water slowly

starting to dissolve the rock.

Erosion means to wear away the rock. There are four

main types of erosion:• Hydraulic Action:- This is when the force of the

water wears away the rock.• Abrasion:- This is a pebble sliding against the rock

like a sand paper action to wear it away. • Attrition:- This is when pebbles collide against the

rock and hit each other cracking the rocks surface. • Corrosion:- This is the acid in the salt water slowly

starting to dissolve the rock.

Headlands and BaysHeadlands and Bays

• A headland is an area of hard resistant rock which protrudes out into the sea.

• A bay is a soft peace of rock that erodes away easily by hydraulic action.

• Hydraulic action still erodes the headland however very slowly. It forms a crack, then a cave, then an arch, a stack and finally a stump.

• A headland is an area of hard resistant rock which protrudes out into the sea.

• A bay is a soft peace of rock that erodes away easily by hydraulic action.

• Hydraulic action still erodes the headland however very slowly. It forms a crack, then a cave, then an arch, a stack and finally a stump.

Wave Cut PlatformWave Cut PlatformA wave cut platform is were waves

erode cliffs by the process of hydraulic

action. The waves then create a gap in

the headland called a notch which

weakens the cliff. The cliff eventually

falls and the bottom of the notch will

have become a wave cut platform. If

this process is constantly repeated the

wave cut platform will become bigger

and able for people to walk on.

A wave cut platform is were waves

erode cliffs by the process of hydraulic

action. The waves then create a gap in

the headland called a notch which

weakens the cliff. The cliff eventually

falls and the bottom of the notch will

have become a wave cut platform. If

this process is constantly repeated the

wave cut platform will become bigger

and able for people to walk on.

Deposition Deposition

Deposition is the is the laying

down of sediments (materials

from eroded cliffs). It happens

when there is a longshore

drift. The materials eventually

form a spit which leans out

over the coast. This creates

another form of land.

Therefore the fallen cliffs (were

a peace of land has gone)

has made another piece of land

in the form of a spit.

Deposition is the is the laying

down of sediments (materials

from eroded cliffs). It happens

when there is a longshore

drift. The materials eventually

form a spit which leans out

over the coast. This creates

another form of land.

Therefore the fallen cliffs (were

a peace of land has gone)

has made another piece of land

in the form of a spit.

Quick QuizQuick Quiz1. Which one of these is not a type of weathering? (Please circle one).

2. Name one type of chemical weathering... _____________

3. Where is freeze-thaw said to be common? _____________

4. Where is onion skin weathering said to be common? ____________

5. What is the drift called in order for deposition to happen?_____________________

1. Which one of these is not a type of weathering? (Please circle one).

2. Name one type of chemical weathering... _____________

3. Where is freeze-thaw said to be common? _____________

4. Where is onion skin weathering said to be common? ____________

5. What is the drift called in order for deposition to happen?_____________________

Biological Weathering

Potato Skin Weathering

Onion Skin Weathering

Thank you for watching and I hope you enjoyed my

PowerPoint.

Thank you for watching and I hope you enjoyed my

PowerPoint.