By: Maribel Cruz. Explanation and Usages Used for industry, electricity, and 92% of coal is used for electricity 4 types of coal - Lignite- young.

By: Maribel Cruz

Explanation and Usages Used for industry, electricity, and 92% of coal is used for electricity 4 types of coal

- Lignite- young coal that has moisture- Subbituminous- contains 35-45% carbon- Bituminous coal- has 45-86%carbon- Anthracite- contains 86-97% carbon

1/3 of coal comes from Appalachian coal region Coal also comes from Interior Coal Region and

Western Coal Region Makes 28% of our energy

Advantages Not expensive Reduces Americans to

rely on foreign oil Easy to transport Produces electricity There are now “clean

coal technologies” that clean sulfur from coal

Found in many places especially in the United Kingdom

Disadvantages Nonrenewable Takes millions of years

to create Causes black lung

disease Mostly causes acid rain Produces large amount

of ash Mining can be

dangerous and difficult

Made from the remains of plants and animals

Crude oil for the U.S. comes from: Texas, Alaska, California, Louisiana, and Oklahoma

¼ of oil comes off shore

Used to fuel airplanes, cars, trucks, and heating houses.

Advantages Makes it easy to

transport because its liquid.

Easier to get out of the ground than coal

Is affordable No other technology is

needed to drill oil out of the earth

One of the most abundant energy resources.

Disadvantages Nonrenewable Sent by ships place to

place can spill the oil. Harder to find making

it more expensive Releases carbon

dioxide into the atmosphere

Drilling endangers the environment

Made of once living things (plants & animals)

Over millions of years it turns into coal, and oil.

Natural gases are tiny bubbles that have no odor to it

Can burn with enough lightning or fire.

Measured and sold by cubic feet.

Drills out the natural gas from earth

Advantages Cleanest fossil fuel Not harmful to humans Does not leave any

odor or ash behind Odor is added to detect

a leak Has 70% less CO2 than

other fossil fuels. Less expensive than

coal

Disadvantages Nonrenewable Very flammable Toxic if inhaled in large

amounts indoors Harmful to animals

(poison) Pipelines are very

expensive because they have to be put under ground

Used to fuel vehicles, heating homes, refrigerating, cooking, and drying clothes

About 2% is used for the country’s energy

Naturally turns into a gas

Turns into liquid when at high or low temperature

Travels by underground pipelines

Propane is stored in large tanks such as this one above.

Advantages Easy to replace Clean burning fossil fuel Easily stored in tanks When stored in tanks, it

can be easy to transport

Less expansive than gasoline

Depending on the amount it can be stored anywhere as long as its in a tank to prevent explosions

Disadvantages Nonrenewable Fuel is expensive Flammable Limited amount is left Can easily spill when

transported Prices can increase just

like gasoline

Energy in the center of an atom

Energy can be released in two ways:- nuclear fission- atoms are split into smaller atoms -nuclear fusion- atoms are fused (combined) together

Makes 19% of the country’s electricity

How fission occurs.

Advantages Power plants don’t

need big spaces In a way it does not

pollute the air Fission does not

contribute to global warming

No greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere from the power plants

Disadvantages Very expansive Reactors last only 40-

50 years when used in the

wrong way it can pollute the air

Nuclear explosions make radiation which harm the human cells causing the human to get sick

Mainly used for electricity

Windmills are used to collect energy

Two types of wind mills: horizontal-axis and vertical-axis

Horizontal axis is the best know wind machine

Caused by heating of the earth’s surface

Wind Cycle

Advantages Renewable as long as

the sun shines, it blows air

Environmentally friendly, does not let out green house gases

Wind is free, gives us free energy

Wind turbines can be built almost anywhere but has to have the right amount of wind

Disadvantages Not always is there

wind for us to receive energy

Wind turbines are expensive

Turbines can kill birds when they collide with the blades

Windmills make noise when blades turn

Rays of sun that reach earth

Can be made into thermal energy to heat water for homes and heating swimming pools.

Heat green houses Used to power most

calculators Solar energy is

becoming more popular

Advantages Renewable Clean fuel, does not

pollute the air No noise pollution Once installing solar

panels there are no more costs, energy is free

Never runs out unless on cloudy days

Disadvantages Does not send energy

to one place, requires big areas to collect energy

Amount of energy depends on time of year/day and weather.

When clouds are in sight we can’t get rays from the sun

Installing solar panels is expensive

Energy from moving water

Turbines underwater provide energy when water moves

About 10% of our energy in the United States comes from hydropower

Waste products are needed

Does not pollute the water or air

Advantages Safe and

environmentally friendly because it does not produce green house gases

Renewable because it’s a natural resource

Can be used for the whole world

Hydro power is very inexpensive

Disadvantages Hydroelectric

generating stations can harm the environment

Dams are expensive to build

When dams are built some villages can get flooded

Dams can take large amounts of space

Energy that comes from the earth Heat comes from the earth’s core (hottest part inside

the earth) Geothermal makes its way to us by volcanoes and

fumaroles ( holes where the gases of volcanoes are released) ,geysers and hot springs

Geothermal activity mostly happens in an area called Ring of Fire

When magma comes close to the earth’s surface it heats the ground giving off heat energy.

Advantages Renewable because

heat from the earth keeps coming to us

Does not pollute the air We are less depending

on coal and oil Does not contribute

to the greenhouse effect

Disadvantages Not available in many

places Some places can loose

its “steam” for more than 10 years

Power plants cant be built anywhere, has to have the right types of rocks

Is organic , energy comes from the sun When burned it releases heat into the atmosphere May pollute the air but not as much as fossil fuels produces CO2

but absorbs the same amount it lets out

Advantages Cuts down on America

to use fossil fuels Renewable because

we are still producing waste

Available in most places

Its affordable Does not contain much

sulfur, that which causes acid rain

Disadvantages Partly causes global

warming Some materials that are

used to make biomass are not always available

Pollutes the atmosphere Installing technology to

make power is expensive Puts green house gases

in the air

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Wiley.