BY LACEY FAST Education Can Make the Difference in Preventing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) ([Photograph of a baby in black and white], n.d.)

BY LACEY FAST

Education Can Make the Difference in Preventing Sudden Infant Death

Syndrome (SIDS)

([Photograph of a baby in black and white], n.d.)

Background

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the death of an infant under one year of age (SiveiraIssler, Cauduro Marostica, & Justo Giugliani, 2009)

SIDS is the leading cause of deaths for infants aged 1-12 months (Meadows-Oliver & Hendrie, 2013)

Although the rate has decreased by 50% in the United States since 1990, there has been an increase in infant deaths that have resulted from suffocation and other aspects related to the infants sleep environment (Meadows-Oliver & Hendrie, 2013)

Improving communication of information to parents regarding SIDS may possibly lead to further decrease in SIDS rates (D’Haulluin, Roussey, Branger, Venisse, & Pladys, 2011)

Clinical Issue & Significance

Many infants are found on the postpartum floor in a nonsupine sleep position, sleeping with parents in bed, have loose blankets and other items in cribs with them

The main identified avoidable infant risk factors are prone or side sleeping position, overheating, soft sleeping surface, bed sharing and exposure to tobacco smoke (D’Halluin et al., 2011)

The main factor in decreasing unexpected deaths with infants is the parents’ knowledge about safe sleep (Shaefer, Herman, Frank, Adkins, & Terhaar, 2010)

([Photograph of baby on its back], n.d.)

PICO(T) Question

The PICO(T) question has five steps: (P) patient population, (I) intervention or issue of interest, (C) comparison, (O) outcome, and (T) time frame (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2011, pp. 29-31)

My Intervention PICO(T) Question: (P) In newborn infants on a postpartum floor (I) How does continued education for safe sleeping methods for the infant (C) Compared to not educating on safe sleeping methods for infant (O) Affect the rate of SIDS ?

([Photograph of SIDS prevention], n.d.)

Search Strategy

CINHALSearched: infant, newborn AND nursing interventions AND safe sleep positions AND sudden infant death syndrome

No results came up

Changed search to: sudden infant death syndrome, prevention, and nursing

This showed 605 possible articles

Narrowed down search by choosing topics for full-text only, English language, human species, age group of infants to 23 months, and published within the last five years

This resulted with 25 articles

Search Strategy

PubMed

Searched terms: sudden infant death syndrome prevention

Results showed 563 articles

To narrow my search down I utilized the filters to only show articles that were randomized control trial, that were full text, within the last five years and only human species

This resulted in 68 possible articles

Appraisal of Evidence

Rapid Critical Appraisal done on two articles

Used two Randomized Control Trials

Found supporting evidence for my intervention PICO(T) question

([Photograph of check off list], n.d.)

Appraisal of Evidence

Article #1 D’Halluin, A. R., Rouseey, M., Branger, B., Venisse, A., & Pladys, P. (2011).

Formative evaluation to improve prevention of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): a prospective study. Acta Paediatrica, 100, e147-e151. doi: 10.111/ j2227.2011.02331.x

This study was a double-blinded randomized study that used and educational questionnaire during a persons’ maternity stay as a way to increase awareness of SIDS and compliance of supine sleep position.

Study was proven to be valid through level II evidence, its approach for gathering information and the time frame of study

Results: The odds’ ratio for knowledge of SIDS factors was ORa= 1.69, for

compliance with recommendations was ORa=2.50. The mothers that had low scores for following the recommendations it showed that they were more likely to be single, ORa=7.5, or of low socioeconomic status ORa=3, or had stopped being a student before or at the end of secondary school ORa=3.7.

Participants that received the educational questionnaire had better knowledge about SIDS prevention as were compliant with preventative measures for SIDS

Appraisal of Evidence

Article #2 Silveira Issler, R. M., Cauduro Marostica, P. J., Justo Giugliani, E. R. (2009). Infant

sleep position: A randomized clinical trial of an educational intervention in the maternity ward in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Birth, 36(2), 115-121. doi: 10.1111/j. 1523-536x2009.00308.x.

This study was a randomized clinical study placing participants in an intervention or control group. The intervention group received a one-on-one education session as well as a folder with information regarding infant sleep positions

Study was proven to be valid through level II evidence, appropriate methods for gathering data, and appropriate time frame.

Results: Odds ratio (OR) for receiving information at the hospital was 2.22, receiving

information prior to birth was 1.44. At the three-month follow-up the intervention group was at 42.9% that placed their infant in supine position and the control group was at 24%. It was also noted that in 45.5 % of the visits where the infant was sleeping only 31 were sleeping on their backs when 33 mothers had stated they place their newborn in supine position for sleeping. The study showed that the intervention group was 2.2 fold greater at placing the infant in a supine position for sleeping.

Showed that mothers who received extra education on proper sleep positioning for the prevention of SIDS were more complaint with placing their infants in a supine sleep position

Application for Practice

Evidence suggest that increased education and information regarding safe sleeping patterns for infants and SIDS prevention results in increased knowledge about SIDS and SIDS prevention and compliance with supine positioning for infants

Changes to current practice: Initiate and continued education during hospital stay Provide written educational information on correct sleeping positions and SIDS as

well as pictures Have patients demonstrate correct sleeping positions prior to discharge. Continue to correct improper sleeping positions and provide explanations as to

correct sleeping positions and why

([Photograph of back to sleep], n.d.)

Clinical Question In newborn infants on a postpartum floor (P), how does continued education for safe sleeping methods for the infant

(I) compared to not educating on safe sleeping methods for infant (C) affect the rate of SIDS (O)?-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Background Definition of SIDS: the sudden death of an infant under the age of one year Risk Factors: young maternal age, low maternal education, maternal smoking, infants aged 2-4 months, and prone

sleeping position-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Randomized Control Trials Showed improved knowledge by those receiving education and information about SIDS prevention Better compliance by mothers that received education regarding safe sleep patterns and SIDS prevention More infants sleeping in a supine position

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The Difference Education can Make on the Prevention of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

ReferencesD’Halluin, A. R., Rouseey, M., Branger, B., Venisse, A., & Pladys, P. (2011). Formative evaluation to improve prevention of sudden infant death

syndrome(SIDS):prospective study. Acta Paediatrica, 100, e147-e151. doi: 10.111/j.2227.2011.02331.xSilveira Issler, R. M., Cauduro Marostica, P. J., & Justo Giugliani, E. R. (2009). Infant sleep position: A randomized clinical trial of an educational

intervention in the maternity ward in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Birth, 36(2), 115-121. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536x.2009.00308.x.

EBP ALERT

Retrieved from http://700childrens.nationwidechildrens.org/the-scoop-on-sids/

References D’Halluin, A. R., Rouseey, M., Branger, B., Venisse, A., & Pladys, P. (2011). Formative

evaluation to improve prevention of sudden infant deathsyndrome (SIDS): a prospective study. Acta Paediatrica, 100, e147-e151. doi: 10.111/j.2227.2011.02331.x

Meadows-Oliver, M., & Hendrie, J. (2013). Expanded back to sleep guidelines. Pediatric Nursing, 39(1),40-49. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/ehost/detail?sid=a8ae3be6-5912-437d-8000861c51167d51%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=120&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=rzh&AN=2012001675

Melnyk, B.M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2011). Evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare: A guide to best practice (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott William & Wilkins.

[Photograph of baby in black and white]. (n.d.) Retrieved from http://700childrens.nationwidechildrens.org/the-scoop-on-sids/

[Photograph of baby on its back].(n.d.) Retrieved from http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/safe-sleeping-environment-children-6555.html

[Photograph of SIDS prevention]. (n.d.) Retrieved from www.prevent-sids.org/faq-prevention-and-matress-wrapping.htm

[Photograph of check of list]. (n.d.) Retrieved from http://www.casp-uk.net/#!casp-tools-checklists/c18f8• [Photograph of back to sleep]. (n.d.) Retrieved from https

://www.haikudeck.com/preventing-sids-education-presentation-003F9VgaDA#slide-2 Shaefer, S. J., Herman, S. E., Frank, S. J., Adkins, M., & Terhaar, M. (2010). Translating

infant safe sleep evidence into nursing practice. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 39, 618-626. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2010.01194.

Silveira Issler, R. M., Cauduro Marostica, P. J., & Justo Giugliani, E. R. (2009). Infant sleep position: randomized clinical trial of an educational intervention in the maternity ward in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Birth, 36(2), 115-121. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536x.2009.00308.x.