By interstate ( 洲际公路 ) By country route NEXT EXIT 200 MILES NEXT EXIT 50 MILES Interstate fast 55 mph (89 km/h), NEXT EXIT 1 MILE featureless reduced.

ByBy interstate interstate ((洲际公路洲际公路 )) ByBy country route country route

NEXT EXIT 200 MILES

NEXT EXIT 50 MILES

InterstateInterstate

fast fast 55 mph (89 km/h), 55 mph (89 km/h),

NEXT EXIT 1 MILE

featureless featureless

reduced to dots,reduced to dots,

no no fun at allfun at all

exit signsexit signs

cultureculture

carriagecarriage

20 mph slow20 mph slow

sceneryscenery

spicy saladsspicy salads

newnewexploration exploration

peoplepeople

spicy salads spicy salads carriage, carriage,

herds of cows, herds of cows,

ByBy interstate interstate ((洲际公路洲际公路 )) ByBy country route country route

exit signsexit signs

featureless,featureless,

reduced to dots,reduced to dots,

no no fun at allfun at all

20 mph, slow20 mph, slow

new new exploration exploration

55 mph, fast55 mph, fast

Teaching ObjectivesTeaching Objectives

PatternPattern

DefinitionDefinition

ContrastContrast

Text ReviewText Review

Application Application

TechniqueTechnique

PurposePurpose

When we contrast two things, we show When we contrast two things, we show

how they are how they are — John Langan

Contrast PatternsContrast Patterns

AAlternating Contrastlternating Contrast

Block ContrastBlock Contrast

Alternating ContrastAlternating Contrast

..

..

..

stripesstripes

Alternating ContrastAlternating Contrast

Difference 1Difference 1: ______________

Difference 2Difference 2: ______________ … …

A.A.B.B.

A.A.B.B.

• Superficially instead of thoroughly: …OnceOnce, we lingered over every word of a classic novelclassic novel ... TodayToday,…, we read the condensed version … or we buy the Cliff’s Notes. OnceOnce, we listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony. TodayToday, … instead, we can enjoy 26 seconds of that famous “da-da-da-DUM” theme — and 99 other musicmusical excerpts. …Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with … “quality time”. .

OnceOnce, we lingered over every word of a classic novelclassic novel ... TodayToday,…, we read the condensed version … or we buy the Cliff’s Notes.

OnceOnce, we lingered over every word of a classic classic novelnovel ... TodayToday,…, we read the condensed version… or we buy the Cliff’s Notes. .

Difference 1Difference 1 Read Classic BooksRead Classic Books

A.A. Once: every wordOnce: every word

B. Today: condensed version, notesB. Today: condensed version, notes

(para.6)

• Superficially instead of thoroughly: …OnceOnce, we lingered over every word of a classic novelclassic novel ... TodayToday,…, we read the condensed version … or we buy the Cliff’s Notes. OnceOnce, we listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony. TodayToday, … instead, we can enjoy 26 seconds of that famous “da-da-da-DUM” theme — and 99 other musicmusical excerpts. …Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with … “quality time”. .

OnceOnce, we listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony. TodayToday, …instead, we can enjoy 26 seconds of that famous “da-da-da-DUM” theme — and 99 other musicmusical excerpts. …

Difference 2Difference 2 Listen to Classic MusicListen to Classic Music

A. Once: every noteA. Once: every note

B. Today: music excerptsB. Today: music excerpts

OnceOnce, we listened to every y note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony. TodayToday, ...... instead, we can enjoy 26 seconds of that famous s “da-da-da-DUM” theme — and 99 other musicmusical l excerpts. . …

(para.6)

• Superficially instead of thoroughly: …OnceOnce, we lingered over every word of a classic novelclassic novel ... TodayToday,…, we read the condensed version … or we buy the Cliff’s Notes. OnceOnce, we listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony. TodayToday, … instead, we can enjoy 26 seconds of that famous “da-da-da-DUM” theme — and 99 other musicmusical excerpts. …Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with … “quality time”. .

Even our personal relationshipspersonal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with … “quality time”. .

Difference 3 Difference 3 Deal with PeopleDeal with People

A. Once: large parts of our daysA. Once: large parts of our days

B. Today: quality timeB. Today: quality time

Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with … “quality time”. .

(para.6)

Now instead of later Now instead of later (para.4)

Faster instead of slower Faster instead of slower (para.5)

Superficially instead of thoroughly Superficially instead of thoroughly (para.6)

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

Signal wordsSignal words

We …then wandered outside to enjoy the We …then wandered outside to enjoy the

sunshine and the herds of cows sunshine and the herds of cows

—–—– no little dots this time —– lying in it. no little dots this time —– lying in it.

(para. 2) )

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

We …then wandered outside to enjoy the We …then wandered outside to enjoy the

sunshine and the herds of cows sunshine and the herds of cows

—– —– no little dots this time no little dots this time —–—– lying in it. lying in it.

(para. 2) )

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

;;——PunctuationPunctuation

If we wanted to be thinner, we simply If we wanted to be thinner, we simply ate less of our favorite foods…And if ate less of our favorite foods…And if we are in a hurry to lose weight, we we are in a hurry to lose weight, we try the latest miracle diet… try the latest miracle diet… (para. 4)

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

If we If we wantedwanted to be thinner, we simply to be thinner, we simply ateate less of our favorite foods…And if less of our favorite foods…And if we we areare in a hurry to lose weight, we in a hurry to lose weight, we trytry the latest miracle diet… the latest miracle diet… (para. 4)

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

TenseTense

Why waste 45 minutes listening to the Why waste 45 minutes listening to the whole thing when someone else has whole thing when someone else has saved us the trouble of picking out the saved us the trouble of picking out the best parts? best parts? (para. 6)

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

Why Why wastewaste 45 minutes listening to the 45 minutes listening to the whole thing when someone else has whole thing when someone else has savedsaved us the trouble of picking out the us the trouble of picking out the best parts? best parts? (para. 6)

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

Why waste 45 minutes listening to the Why waste 45 minutes listening to the wholewhole thing when someone else has thing when someone else has saved us the trouble of picking out the saved us the trouble of picking out the best best partsparts? ? (para. 6)

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

MeaningMeaning

Signal wordsSignal words

PunctuationPunctuation

Tense Tense

MeaningMeaning

Techniques of ContrastTechniques of Contrast

Purpose of ContrastPurpose of Contrast

To understand each of the two things To understand each of the two things more clearly, and at times, to make more clearly, and at times, to make judgments about them.judgments about them.

— John LanganJohn Langan

This essay:This essay:

Call for actionCall for actionTodayToday Once Once

now now later later faster faster slower slower

superficiallysuperficially

Instead ofInstead of

thoroughlythoroughly

Let's take the time Let's take the time to read every word of that story, to read every word of that story, hear every note of that music, hear every note of that music,

and and enjoy every subtle change enjoy every subtle change

of that countryside.of that countryside.

Let's rediscover life in the slow lane.Let's rediscover life in the slow lane.

Purpose of ContrastPurpose of Contrast

This essay:This essay:

Call for actionCall for action

— — A Man ofA Man of ManyMany ContrastsContrasts 1. He was the son of a bankruptbankrupt, but became a ; …; … 2. He made a fortunefortune but lived a life. 3. …and although cheerfulcheerful in company he was often in private. 4. A lover of mankind, he never had a or family

to love him.

5. …a patriotic son of his nativenative land, he died alone on soil.

millionairemillionaire

foreignforeign

sadsad

simplesimple

wifewife

NobelNobel

How Will You Spend YourHow Will You Spend Your

Last Ten Years? Last Ten Years?Last Ten Years?Last Ten Years?

quickquick strongstrong diseasediseasevitalityvitality

What will your last ten years look like?What will your last ten years look like?

Will you be quick enough for a game of tag

with your grandchild,

OR OR …?

Strong enough to embrace every moment,

OR OR …?

Will you grow old with vitality

OROR get old with disease?

It’s time to decide.It’s time to decide.

① ① Group workGroup work based on How Will You Spend Your Last Ten YearsYears: Complete each of the ad sentences with the other unstated contrasted half.

② ② Read Read “Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts” to “Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts” to summarize features of summarize features of block patternblock pattern..

What will your last ten years look like?What will your last ten years look like?

Will you be quick enough for a game of tag

with your grandchild,

OR OR …?

Strong enough to embrace every moment,

OR OR …?

Will you grow old with vitality

OROR get old with disease?

It’s time to decide.It’s time to decide.

AssignmentAssignment

Assignment

Send your group work to my email : [email protected]@yahoo.com.cn this weekend for further feedbackfeedback.

Ideas sharingIdeas sharing in the next session.