By: Bailey Daniels and James Gainer 7 th 1-12-14 THYROID GLAND.

By: Bailey Daniels and James Gainer

7th

1-12-14

THYROID GLAND

LOCATION

• Located below the Larynx • Two lobes on each

side of the windpipe

HORMONES• The hormones produced by the

Thyroid are: Triiodothyronine (T3) and Tetraiodothyronine/Thyroxine (T4) are produced from iodine in the follicular cells.

• Also produces the hormone Calcitonin in parafollicullar cells

AFFECTS OF HORMONES

• Instruct the tissues of the body to produce proteins and increase the oxygen used by the cells (Regulates Metabolism).

HOMEOSTASIS

• Regulates metabolism and the calcium levels in the body• They control how

much energy goes to the cell

FEEDBACK AND ANTAGONISTIC HORMONES

• Hormone secretion in the thyroid is applied by negative feedback• Calcitonin is an example of

a antagonistic hormone.

RELEASING HORMONES

• Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) causes the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

• Causes the production of thyroxine

• Deficiency of this hormone causes hypothyroidism.

INHIBITING HORMONES

• Somatostatin is a growth hormone-inhibiting hormone

• Inhibit the release of Growth Hormones

• It inhibits the release of thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH)

DISEASES• Hypothyroidism

• Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis is the most common type of hypothyroidism

• Autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the thyroid.

• Low hormone production

• Lack of iodine in body

• Causes many problems throughout the body

• Symptoms

o Feeling tired, weak, or depressed

o Modest weight gain

o Cold Intolerance

o Dry skin

o Cretinism

DISEASES CONT’D• Graves Disease

• Causes immune system to make antibodies which act similarly to TSH, causing an overproduction of thyroid hormone

• Called hyperthyroidism

• Causes every function of the body to speed up such as heart rate and metabolism

• Symptoms

o Insomnia

o Weight Loss

o Exophthalmos

CURES

• Can be treated with hormone replacement therapy, relieves goiter (Hashimoto’s Disease)

• Antithyroid meds which keep the thyroid from producing too much hormones, Radioactive iodine, and Surgery (Grave’s Disease)

SOURCES

• http://womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/graves-disease.html

• http://umm.edu/programs/diabetes/health/endocrinology-health-guide/thyroid-gland/hashimotos-thyroiditis

• http://blog.naturalhealthyconcepts.com/wp-content/h9991537_001.jpg

• http://maptest.rutgers.edu/drupal/?q=node/23• http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/thyroid-gland