By Alison Logan, Sheri Mofford, and Emma Spurlock.

ICELANDIC VOLCANOEYJAFJALLAJÖKULL

By Alison Logan, Sheri Mofford, and Emma

Spurlock

Iceland

Latitude: 63˚ 63’ N, Longitude: 19˚ 62’W

Temperate Climate due to the warm Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Current

Weather March- avg. high 39, avg. low 32 April- avg. high 45, avg. low 33

Clean hydroelectric and geothermal power

EyjafjallajökullPast Eruptions

920 A.D. (Volcanic Explosivity Index 3)

1612 A.D. (Volcanic Explosivity Index 2)

1821-1823 (Volcanic Explosivity Index 2)• Series of eruptions over 14 months• Ejected excessive amounts of fluoride• Ash fell to the South and West

Katla

March 20, 2010 Fimmvörðuháls

Fissure Vent

Details about E15

• situated in the south-west region of Iceland.• located by the Sea and stands 5,465 feet tall.

E15 Activity

• Started in 2009 and increased intensity up until March 2010

• Volcanic Events that started in March 2010 are all considered to be part of a single eruption.

• April 14, 2010 E15 entered into the Explosive Phase

• Estimated to be a VEI 4 Eruptions

Flooding• Volcanic heat melting glacier ice which effected the rivers.• The fear of flooding made it so authorities evacuated 800

people from the area around the melting.• The steepness of the volcano made the waters much more

powerful.

Problems with air travel?

• Results of four factors:– First the volcano is located under the Jet stream. – Power of volcano’s explosion. – The second eruption allowed water from the melted

glacial ice to flow back into the erupting

volcano and createstwo more phenomena.

The Aftermath of Ash

Meteorological Institute of Iceland

Silica concentration of 58%

Contamination of Water

Ash fall brings farming to a halt

Return to Dormancy

Scientist Speculations

Worries about future Eruptions

Plans to prevent any more surprise eruptions

Economic Impact Global Travel Stopped

Shipping Companies Suffer

Airlines Grounded for days

Livestock Deaths

Agriculture

Political Retaliation

Possible over Reaction

 Strain on Diplomats

 Tourist Stranded

Communication between nations in global crisis

Changes in Geography

White plume was observed to be at a height of over 100 m 

Movement towards the southwest

“A year without summer”

References Bancroft-Hinchey, Timothy. “Icelandic Ash Cloud: Is This the Beginning of an Ecological Disaster?

“ Pravda Online. http://english.pravda.ru/world/europe/15-04-2010/113035-icelandic_ash-0 Changes Are Now. “Iceland Volcano Brings Floods, Travel Chaos to Europe.”

http://2012changesarenow.blogspot.com/2010/04/iceland-volcano-brings-floods-travel.html Iceland. “Nature in Iceland.” http://www.iceland.is/country-and-nature/nature/ Mapes, Terri. “Weather in Iceland: Temperatures, Weather & Climate.” About.com.

http://goscandinavia.about.com/od/icelan1/ss/weathericeland.htm Modern Survival Blog. Image Only.

http://modernsurvivalblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/katla-eyjafjallajokull-iceland-location.jpg

Sappenfield, Mark. “Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull volcano is nothing to 'Angry Sister' Katla .” Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2010/0418/Iceland-s-Eyjafjallajoekull-volcano-is-nothing-to-Angry-Sister-Katla

Smithsonian Institute. “Eyjafjallajökull.” http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1702-02=&volpage=erupt

Than, Ken. “Iceland Volcano Erupts Under Glacier, Triggers Floods .” National Geographic News. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/04/100414-iceland-volcano-erupts-evacuate-flooding/

The Associated Press. “Iceland Volcano Eruption Forces Evacuation.” The Canadian Press. http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2010/04/14/iceland-volcano-evacuation.html

Volcano Discovery. “Eyafjallajökull volcano.” http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/en/iceland/eyjafjallajoekull.html

Young, Jennifer. “The Eyjafjallajokull Volcano in Southern Iceland: Some Facts.” Suite 101. http://news.suite101.com/article.cfm/the-eyjafjallajokull-volcano-in-southern-iceland-some-facts-a228279