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Slide 1
Slide 2
By Adolph Vargas
Slide 3
For this project on genetics, I chose to focus on the topic of
genetically reproducing extinct animals. In simpler terms, my
project is about how scientists are trying to use DNA from extinct
animals to bring them back to life. I chose this topic because it
was something that interested me, and I always thought about. What
would happen if a movie like Jurassic Park was real?
Slide 4
Though you might not know, scientists have already succeeded
many times in cloning living organisms. Scientists have already
cloned mice, frogs, cows, sheep, and more. On the next slide I will
present to you a timeline of the Evolution of Genetic Cloning.
Slide 5
1902: A scientist named Hans Spemman comes up with the idea of
using the nucleus from one full grown cell a to grow another adult.
Late 1800s: A scientist named Hans Dreisch splits a sea urchin cell
in two, and lets them grow separately. 1986: The first mammals are
cloned. A team in England clones a sheep, and a team in America
clones a cow. 1996: Dolly the sheep is cloned in Scotland. She is
the first organism to be cloned from an adult. 1997: In Hawaii,
Cumulina the mouse is cloned, and the scientists make 50 identical
clones The Future 2001: The first endangered species clone is ever
made, which is a Gaur ox.
Slide 6
The process of cloning animals and such isnt very difficult.
The basic process consists of 6 steps: Step 1: Take a cell from the
organism you want to clone, and a cell from an egg cell donor. Step
2: Take the nucleus from the egg cell, and then the nucleus from
the original animals cell. Step 3: Place the nucleus from the
animal cell into the egg cell. Step 4: Stimulate the cell to make
it go through mitosis. Step 5: Once the cell divides several times,
you place the newly formed embryo into a new surrogate mother. Step
6: The surrogate mother gives birth to the clone, after being
pregnant with it for several days or months, depending on the
organism cloned. Here is a link to a website where you can do the
process yourself:
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/clickandclone/
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/clickandclone/
Slide 7
Right now you are probably thinking, If sounds so easy, why
cant we just make dinosaurs, and mammoths, and stuff like that?
Well the problem with extinct animals is that we cant find have
enough DNA from these organisms to reproduce them. To clone extinct
animals, scientists need DNA from the animal, cells from it, and
another animal to plant the embryo into.
Slide 8
There are many issues with cloning extinct species, such as
dinosaurs. The biggest problem would be finding dinosaur DNA. The
only dinosaur remains we have are fossils and bones. Because these
fossils are millions of years old, the DNA in them is too weak to
be used for cloning. You can compare this to trying to get
nutrients and vitamins from and old piece of bread. As time goes
on, the bread loses more and more nutrients until it doesnt have
enough to positively affect you. Not to mention that it would taste
bad.
Slide 9
However scientists are on to something with woolly mammoths.
Since woolly mammoths lived during the ice age, when they died they
some of the mammoths would be frozen. Thanks to the cold climate,
scientists in Russia have found several frozen mammoth carcasses,
beautifully preserved and almost completely intact in the ice. They
are currently trying to extract DNA from the mammoths, and are
trying to find a way to use it to clone them.
Slide 10
Some of you might be thinking: Why would anybody want to bring
back a dinosaur or a mammoth? There could be several positive and
negative effects of bringing back extinct creatures such as these.
On the next slide we will examine both sides of the argument.
Slide 11
Positive EffectsNegative Effects We could learn many things
about these new specimens. Who knows? Perhaps these animals could
hold a cure to a disease such as cancer or Alzheimer's. It would be
a great technological and scientific achievement. These extinct
creatures could also be a new food source for mankind, and perhaps
could taste good. They could throw off our entire ecosystem as we
know it. For all we know these creatures could bring a new type of
disease to our world. It could be Jurassic Park all over again. It
would be exploiting Mother Nature.
Slide 12
Personally, I think that cloning extinct animals could be good
or bad, depending on the reasons why you want to do it. Part of me
says its wrong, because everything happens for a reason, and these
creatures probably went extinct for a reason. But then again, who
wouldnt want to see an extinct, never before seen animal?
Therefore, I am undecided on this topic.
Slide 13
Though we can, and probably eventually will clone extinct
beasts, the big moral question is: Should we? Some say that doing
this would be playing as God, and is wrong. Others say that if
these creatures went extinct, its for a reason. But whether you
agree or not is your decision, so now comes your part: What Do You
Think?
Slide 14
http://quotations.hubpages.com/hub/Bringing-Extinct-Animals-back-To-Life-Using-Cloning
"Cloning Extinct Animals - Can Extinct Species Be Brought Back to
Life Using Cloning." Quotations on HubPages. Web. 18 Jan. 2012..
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/clickandclone/
"Click and Clone." Learn.Genetics. University Of Utah, 2012. Web.
18 Jan. 2012..
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/4409958/Extinct-ibex-is-resurrected-by-cloning.html
Gray, Richard, and Roger Dobson. "Extinct Ibex Is Resurrected by
Cloning - Telegraph." Telegraph.co.uk - Telegraph Online, Daily
Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph - Telegraph. The Telegraph, 31 Jan.
2009. Web. 18 Jan. 2012..
http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2009/05/cloned-species/mueller-text/2
Mueller, Tom. "Cloned Species National Geographic Magazine."
National Geographic Magazine. National Geographic Society, May
2009. Web. 18 Jan. 2012..
http://www.animalresearch.info/en/medical/timeline/Dolly "Cloning
Dolly the Sheep - AnimalResearch.info." Home - AnimalResearch.info.
Web. 18 Jan. 2012..
http://library.thinkquest.org/20830/Frameless/Manipulating/Experimentation/Cloning/longdoc.htm
"History Of Cloning." Library.thinkquest.org. Oracle Education
Foundation. Web. 18 Jan. 2012.. Fritz, Sandy. Understanding
Cloning. New York, NY: Warner, 2002. Print.