BW Users Manual

7/30/2019 BW Users Manual

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Borg-Warner Automatic Transmission

Important note: Although the handling of the Borg-Warner Automatic Transmission is quickly and easilyacquired, owners who have not previously used this type of transmission should readcarefully the following instructions so as to ensure that they obtain the best results from thecar. General description of transmissionThe conventional clutch and gearbox of a normal manual transmission are completelyreplaced by an Automatic gearbox consisting of a torque converter and gears operatedhydraulically providing three forward ratios termed 'Low', 'Intermediate' and 'Direct' and alsoa 'Reverse' gear.Instead of the normal gear lever there is a small selector lever placed under the steeringwheel. The actual gear engaged depends not only on the position of this selector lever but

also upon the extent to which the accelerator pedal is depressed and upon the speed of the car. Initial setting of the gear selector lever is all that is required and necessarychanges of gear, both upwards and downwards, will be made automatically.The transmission also provides a special 'Hill-hold" arrangement to prevent the car fromrolling backwards when momentarily stopped on an incline with the engine running, thusobviating the use of hand or foot brake under such conditions. General description of controlsIn addition to the accelerator pedal there are two controls:(a) The selector lever

(b) The intermediate gear hold switch. The selector lever (27) (26)The selector lever moves through a series of positions shown bymeans of a pointer on a dial, the various positions being marked with the letters 'P', 'N', 'D','L', 'R'.The selector lever falls naturally to the position 'N' or and to engage 'P'. 'L' or 'R' the lever must be lifted towards the steering wheel and then moved upwards or downwardsaccording to the position required.

Selector lever and quadrant. A: Selector leaver. B: Second gear hold



switch

The letters referred to above for the selector lever represent the following:-

'P '-Park. This means that the transmission is in a neutral condition but that thetransmission is mechanically locked so that the car cannot roll forwards or backwards. Asafety device is fitted to prevent this mechanical lock being engaged at speeds over approximately 5 m.p.h. (8 k.p.h.). The selector lever must be placed in this position or in 'N'before attempting to start the engine. 'N'-Means 'Neutral'. The transmission is completely disengaged and there is no drive butthe car is free to move. The selector lever must be placed in this position or in 'P' beforeattempting to start the engine.

'D'-Means 'Drive'. The selector lever is placed in this position for normal driving.When in this position either 'Low' or 'Intermediate' or 'Direct' gear will be engaged7depending upon the speed of the vehicle and the extent to which the accelerator pedal isdepressed. 'L'-Means 'Low'. The transmission cannot change into a higher gear as long as the selector lever is left in 'U. Whilst in this position the engine provides positive over-run braking, butthe brakes must be used to prevent the car running backwards when temporarily stoppedon a hill, since the hill-hold arrangement does not then operate. 'R'-Means 'Reverse'. A safety device is provided to prevent 'Reverse' gear from beingengaged when the car is travelling in a forward direction at a speed in excess of 3 m.p.h. (4k.p.h.).

Intermediate (2nd) Gear Hold (29) (30)The intermediate gear hold is solenoid operated and controlled by a switch under thesteering wheel on the lower side of the shroud. To engage intermediategear press the lever down. The F2 control is only effective when the selector lever is set to 'D'.The purpose of this control is to retain the Intermediate gear in operation and to prevent

upward changes into Direct gear until higher speeds are reached than those at which suchchanges would normally take place.Use of this control does not increase over-run braking. Driving the car

To start the engineEnsure that the selector lever is in either the 'P' or 'N' position and the handbrake on. Thenoperate the combined ignition and starter switch.

As a safety measure an isolation switch prevents the starter being operated when the



selector lever is set to any other position.In cold weather it may be found necessary to keep the combined choke and fast idlecontrol pulled out slightly when first starting to ensure even running of the engine. Note: For manual starting see note at the end of this Section. Normal driving-selector lever set to 'D'With the engine started and idling easily, move the selector lever to the 'D' position, releasethe handbrake and depress the accelerator pedal.The car will move forward controlled by the accelerator pedal and gear changes, both upand down, will occur automatically. The harder the accelerator pedal is depressed thefaster the car will go before automatically changing up into a higher gear. If whilst cruising more rapid acceleration is required for overtaking purposes, sharp

depression of the accelerator pedal beyond its normal full travel to what is termed the 'kick-down' position will cause the transmission to change into a lower gear. The easing back of the accelerator pedal will cause the transmission to change up again.The 'Hill-hold' arrangement already referred to above will prevent the car from runningbackwards when momentarily stopped on a hill with the engine running without thenecessity of using either foot or hand brake. The following three paragraphs provide, for those who wish it, a slightly fuller explanation.If the car is moving away from rest with the accelerator slightly depressed the car will start

in 'Intermediate' gear and an up change will occur into direct drive at between 17-21 m.p.h.(27-33 k.p.h.). If, however, the accelerator pedal is depressed to its normal full travel thecar will move off in' Low' gear with maximum acceleration. Under these conditions of acceleration the change from 'Low' to 'Intermediate' will be delayed up to 20-25 m.p.h. (32-40 k.p.h.), and the change from 'Intermediate' to 'Direct' drive will be delayed up toapproximately 44-49 m.p.h. (70-78 k.p.h.). Should the accelerator pedal be depressed beyond the normal full travel position into whatis termed the 'kick-down' position upward gear changes will be delayed still further.The 'Low' to 'Intermediate' change will take place at from 28-32 m.p.h. (45-5 1 k.p.h.), and

the 'Intermediate' to 'Direct' drive change at approximately 55-65 m.p.h. (88-104 k.p.h.),unless the accelerator pedal is released before this speed is reached, whereupon 'Direct'drive will automatically be engaged.

At speeds below 21 m.p.h. (33 k.p.h.) the transmission will automatically change into'Intermediate' if pressure on the accelerator pedal is released or almost completelyreleased. Changes down from 'Direct' drive into 'Intermediate' may, however, be made at speedsbelow approximately 40 m.p.h. (64 k.p.h.) according to depression of the accelerator pedaland if pushed into the 'kick-down' position at speeds below approximately 55 m.p.h, (88



k.p.h.). At no time will the transmission permit speeds in excess of 60-65 m.p.h. (96-104k.p.h.) to be maintained in 'Intermediate' gear. In a similar manner if the transmission isoperating in 'Intermediate' gear at speeds below approximately 18 m.p.h. (28 k.p.h.) it ispossible to engage first gear by depressing the accelerator pedal to the 'kick-down position. Use of Low gear-selector lever set to 'L'With the selector lever set in the 'L' position, the transmission is held in 'Low' gear andregardless of the speed reached by the car no upward gear changes will take place. Alsopositive braking is provided by the engine when the accelerator is eased back. The 'U position is accordingly particularly useful in the following conditions:-(a) For unusually long and steep gradients and descents where a low gear and enginebraking are desirable.(b) Where hard pulling may be encountered, as in deep snow or heavy mud.

(c) Where the car becomes stuck in sand, snow or mud. In such conditions it may bepossible to rock it out by gently depressing the accelerator pedal and quickly moving theselector lever between 'L' and 'R' and back again a few times. If the car is moving and low gear is no longer required, the selector lever can be movedfrom the 'U to the 'D' position, whereupon upward changes to 'Intermediate' and 'Direct'drive will be made in the normal way. On the other hand the selector lever must not be moved from 'D' to 'U until the car speedhas been reduced to below 40 m.p.h. (64 k.p.h.). Under these conditions the engine should

be speeded up by the depression of the accelerator pedal in exactly the same way aswhen making a downward change on a manually operated synchromesh gearbox. If theselector lever is moved, as above, at speeds exceeding 40 m.p.h. (64 k.p.h.) the car willslow down very suddenly and there is a grave risk of damage to the engine. Use of Reverse gear.When preparing to reverse the car, the engine should be allowed to idle and the selector lever moved into the 'W (Reverse) position. The handbrake should then be released andthe accelerator pedal gently depressed. If the 'W (Reverse) position be inadvertentlyselected whilst the car is moving forward, a hydraulic interlock prevents it becoming

effective till the road speed drops to approximately 3 m.p.h. (4 k.p.h.). Parking the car

Always park with the selector lever in the 'P' (Park) position. In addition the handbrakeshould always be applied when leaving the car unattended. When parking on a gradientapply the hand-brake before engaging 'P' (Park) and disengage 'P' before releasing thehandbrake. If the foregoing instruction is disregarded some difficulty may be experienced inattempting to drive off owing to the parking pawl being locked into position on the mainshaftgear and consequently being difficult to release. In such cases select the gear that will

allow the car to be moved gently up the gradient and as soon as the car moves, theparking pawl will instantly disengage and then the selector lever can be placed in the



appropriate position to move the car in the desired direction. Use of Intermediate gear holdUnder normal driving conditions, the 'Intermediate' gear hold will not be required, but it isprovided to meet certain specific conditions.The control is operated by the switch under the steering wheel at the lower side of theshroud, To engage press switch down. Intermediate hold can be switched on or off at anyspeed regardless of whether the engine is pulling or not,

As already explained, this control is only effective when the selector lever is set to 'D'. Withthe switch down, the transmission will not change up into 'Direct' drive under 60-65 m.p.h.(96-104 k.p.h.) Should it be considered desirable to change up into 'Direct' drive at lower speeds than those quoted above, a simple adjustment can be made to the hold mechanismby your local Distributor or Dealer, which allows the transmission to change up into 4Direct'drive at 37-44 m.p.h. (59-70 k.p.h,).

The use of the 'Intermediate' gear hold is accordingly particularly advised in the followingconditions:- (a) Where the car is being driven up steep and winding gradients at speeds below 60m.p.h. (96 k.p.h.) or 37-44 m.p.h. (59-70 k.p.h.) see above.In the above case the use of 'Intermediate' gear hold prevents frequent changes between'Direct' and 'Intermediate' gears occasioned by variations in the speed of the car.(b) Where the car is being driven slowly, but it is desirable to maintain reasonable enginespeed so that the dynamo may balance the heavy electrical load placed upon it by lights,windscreen wiper, heater, etc.-e.g. in foggy conditions at night.

(c) To select a lower gear range when overtaking.It should be noted that when the intermediate hold is in operation, starts from rest areautomatically made in 'Low' gear. Also the 'Hill-hold' arrangement previously referred to,which prevents the car from rolling backwards when momentarily stopped on an incline, willnot function. Prolonged idlingProlonged idling is sometimes unavoidable and some drivers make a practice of warming-up their engines before starting a journey. In all such cases it is advisable to set theselector lever to either the 'P' or 'N' positions. If the lever is set in any other position, andthe handbrake is not firmly applied, the car may tend to 'creep' since it will in fact be ingear. In such circumstances there is also a risk of the accelerator pedal being accidentallydepressed, thereby causing the car to move suddenly. Special Note: for manual starting, Automatic Transmission With the starting handle(a) Before attempting to start the engine with the starting handle, switch on the ignition,ensure that the selector lever is set to 'P' and the handbrake is hard on.

In such circumstances the isolation switch is ineffective and unless the selector lever is setto 'P' there is a danger that the car might 'creep' forward, thereby causing injury.



Emergency starting(b) In the unlikely event of it being necessary to start the engine by means other than theabove, this may be done by pushing or towing the car. The ignition should be switched 'on'and the selector lever placed in the 'D' position. The car may then be pushed from behindor towed and the engine should start when it reaches a speed of 25 m,p.h. (40 k.p.h.).For towing, use a rope of sufficient length, and exercise the usual care to avoid collidingwith the leading vehicle. Starting procedure: 4-speed and Automatic Transmission1. Ensure that the gear lever is in the neutral position.2. Borg-Warner automatic transmission. Ensure that the selector lever is either in theNeutral or Park position; the engine will not start until this is so.3. Set the cold start control:(a) Right out if the engine is cold;

(b) In a fast idling position if the engine is warm;. the fast idle position, about 0.625 in. (17mm) out, can be felt as the point at which the load necessary to pull out the controlbecomes greater. It can also be seen, if the engine is warm, as the point at which the coldstart control warning light goes out when the control is pushed in;(c) Right in if the engine is hot;(d) With a very hot engine it may be necessary to slightly depress the accelerator pedalwhen starting. 4. Switch on the ignition, check that the green oil pressure and red ignition warning lightsappear.

5. Turn the ignition key in a clockwise direction, when the engine should start after a turn or two. The key will automatically return to the 'on' position on release.If the engine makes a false start, allow the starter to come to rest before operating theswitch again. Should the engine fail to start after two or three attempts, investigate andcorrect the cause before the battery is run down needlessly. When the engine startsPush the cold start control in progressively as the engine warms up, and right in as soon asthe engine temperature will permit.Do not race the engine; drive away at a moderate speed immediately after starting, sostimulating lubrication of the cylinder walls as the engine warms up.Illumination of the amber warning light on the instrument panel will indicate that the controlhas been left out inadvertently and must be pushed in at once, at least to the fast idleposition, or fully in as soon as the engine will idle satisfactorily. Running-in periodProgressive running-in of your new car is of the utmost importance and has a directbearing on durability and smooth running throughout its life. The running-in speeds whichfollow, apply on 4-speed models, to normal top gear drive, not overdrive.

The running-in period is 500 miles (750 kin), during which time 35-40 m.p.h. (55-65 k.p.h.)or 2,000 r.p.m. should not be exceeded. The engine must not be allowed to labour at any



time and full use should be made of the indirect gears to ensure that full throttle is not usedeven to achieve 40 m.p.h. (65 k.p.h.). On cars fitted with automatic transmission, gentleprogressive use of the throttle should be made. If the car is driven in Low at any time whennew, 15 m.p.h. (25 k.p.h.) or 2,000 r.p.m. should not be exceeded before changing intoDrive. Thereafter, maximum speeds may be increased gradually, but the car should not be drivenat prolonged high speeds until it has done 1,000 miles (1.500 km.).On cars fitted with Borg-Warner Automatic transmission, a speed of 105 m.p.h. (168 k.p.h.)or 5,000 r.p.m. must not be exceeded, otherwise serious damage to the engine may result.The markings on the speedometer and tachometer faces are for the purpose of drawingattention to this point.The reason for this limitation is that the axle ratio has been chosen to give the best overallperformance suited to the majority of requirements. Recommended lubricantsThe Rover Company attaches very great importance to the nature of the lubricants used inits products and therefore maintains lists of those which it recommends.Full details of Rover recommended lubricants will be found in Part Two of this book,together with additional information on this important subject.The attention of owners is drawn to the fact that the use of lubricants other than thoserecommended, could in certain circumstances affect the settlement of claims put forwardunder the terms of the Company's guarantee. Bonnet lock control (40) (41)When closed the bonnet is automatically locked and can only be opened by releasing thebonnet lock control located under the parcel shelf at the right-hand side.To open the bonnet pull the lock control; this releases the catch above the radiator grilleand allows the bonnet to open slightly. The safety catch under the bonnet to the left of themotif must be pressed up to allow the bonnet to be lifted to the fully open position.

Bonnet lock control The bonnet is spring balanced and self-supporting when open. Two under-bonnet lampsare fitted on Coupé models, which automatically light up when the bonnet is opened. Closeby pulling down and pressing firmly into position. Door Handles and Locks

All ModelsTo open a door from the outside, grasp the handle and press the release button with the



thumb; a catch incorporated in the check strap retains the door in the fully open position. Front Doors, all modelsBoth front doors may be locked from the outside, using the ignition key or alternativelyeither front door can be locked from the inside as follows. Saloon modelsWith the door closed, push the interior handle forward; it will spring back to the originalposition, but the movement of the handle makes the outside push button inoperative, thuspreventing the door from being opened from the outside. It is also possible to lock the doors from the outside without the key by pushing the interior handle forward and then closing the door with the exterior push button depressed. Makesure both doors are not locked in this way if the ignition key is still in the car. Coupé modelsWith the door closed, press down the sill button; this renders the outside buttoninoperative, thus preventing the door from being opened from the outside.

Sill button, Coupe models Coupé modelsIt is also possible to lock the front doors from the outside without the key by pressing downthe sill button7 and then closing the door with the exterior push button depressed. Makesure both doors are not blocked in this way if the ignition key is still in the car. If the door fails to shut at the first attempt and remains in the safety position, depress theexterior release button without puffing the handle. Rear DoorsSaloon modelsThe rear doors are locked by pushing the interior handle forward until a 'click' is felt, either before or after they are shut.

A safety locking device is incorporated in each rear door lock, to serve as an extraprecaution against the doors being opened accidentally. It is operated by rotating the left-hand side interior handle escutcheon in an anti-clockwise direction. When thus locked, thedoor can be opened only from the outside.



Safety device, rear doors, saloon mdels. A: Escutcheon

The safety device must be set at the 'off' position before the door can be locked in thenormal way, using the interior handle.Coupé modelsThe rear doors are locked by pressing down the sill buttons, which locks the inner handles,and providing also additional safety against the doors being opened accidentally.To restore the normal action of the interior and exterior door handles pull up the sillbuttons.

If the door fails to shut at the first attempt and remains in the safety position, depress theexterior release button without pulling the handle.

Adjustable front arm restsThe side arm rests fitted to the front doors are adjustable to suit individual requirements; toadjust the armrest lift up centre flap and slide armrest up or down as required. Release flapto lock.

Adjustable front arm rest Sun visorsThe padded ~visors can be used either to reduce sun glare through the windscreen, or through the side windows by pivoting to the side.

A mirror is fitted to the back of the passenger's visor.

Sun visor

Front seat adjustmentThe fore-and-aft position of the front seat is readily adjusted by pulling to the right the lever



of the centre of the seat base and moving the seat into the most convenient position.Further adjustment for height and rake can be obtained by repositioning the securing boltsat the base of the seat.

Seat adjustment, Saloon models

Fully adjustable front bucket seats are standard on Coupé models. They are available asoptional equipment on Saloon models.

Fully adjustable front bucket seat To adjust the rake of the squab, seat fully upwards. Push squab forward until the correctposition

The fore-and-aft movement of these bucket seats is readily adjusted by pulling upwards thelever at the inside front corner of the seat base, and moving the seat into the requiredposition.lift lever on the outside of the backwards or allow to come is obtained and release lever. The seat height is easily adjustable by turning the handle at the centre of the seat baseclockwise or anti-clockwise until the required height is obtained. Luggage bootTo open the luggage boot lift the handle and raise the lid, which will automatically remain in

the open position. The lid can be locked in the closed position; this action also prevents thespare wheel operating screw being tampered with. When the side lights are on, the lamp inthe boot lid automatically lights up when the lid is opened.

Luggage boot handle Tool stowage (24) (23)



Small tools are carried in a sliding tray under the front parcel shelf. There is no stop on thetray and it can be pulled straight out.

Tool tray The lifting jack, wheel brace, starting handle, tyre pump and hub cover removal tool aremounted on a board in the luggage boot on the left-hand side, underneath a trimmed flap.

Tool stowage Spare wheelThe spare wheel is stowed in a separate compartment below the luggage boot floor.To remove proceed as follows1. Open the luggage boot lid.2. Push locking spring to one side and, with the wheel brace, turn the hexagon-headedscrew anti-clockwise, so lowering the spare wheel retainer beneath the luggage boot.3. When the retainer has been lowered to its fullest extent the spare wheel can bewithdrawn.

Spare wheel retaining screw To replace the spare wheel:-4. Slide the spare wheel fully home into the retainer.5. Ensure that the valve is directly under the hole in the floor, to enable the tyre pressure tobe checked without removing the wheel.6. With the wheel brace, turn the hexagon-headed screw clockwise until the retainer iscompletely closed, push locking spring into one of the slots in the hexagon-headed screw.



Spare wheel valve in correct position Jacking the car The jacking system incorporated in this car enables the jack to be placed in position with aminimum of effort, without any necessity to get underneath the car.Four tubular jacking brackets are fitted under the body lower rail, behind the front wheelsand just in front of the rear wheels.To raise one corner of the car:-1. Remove the rubber dust excluder from the appropriate jacking point.

2. Fit the pivoted extension on the jack well home into the bracket. This extension can belowered or raised by turning the handle either one way or the other.3. Turn the handle until the road wheel is clear of the ground.To lower the car, reverse these operations.

Jacking the car

If it is desired to raise the car with means other than those supplied, suitable jacking pointsare:Front: At the jacking pad under the centre of the front chassis cross- member.Rear: Under the axle casing. Wheel changing1. Prise off the hub cover plate, using the special tool provided. The tool should be insertedat the valve position as shown in the illustration.

2. Slacken the five double-ended wheel nuts.3. Jack up the corner of the car.4. Remove the nuts and gently withdraw the wheel over the studs.5. If available, place a drop of oil on the stud threads, to assist in subsequent removal. 6. Fit the new wheel, tighten the nuts as much as possible, then lower the car to the groundand lock the nuts securely.7. Replace the hub cap.



Removing hub cover plate

BodyIt is always preferable to clean the bodywork with water and sponge, using plenty of waier;wherever possible the surface should be freely hosed. After drying with a chamois leather,it should be polished in the usual manner, using any of the good brands of wax car polish.

As an alternative, if the body is only dusty, it can be wiped over with a soft, dry cloth andthen polished, but great care must be taken to avoid scratching the surface.It is well periodically to wash the underside of the car, to prevent mud pockets and the

consequent tendency for rust formation.The use on the roads during frosty weather of salt sometimes in quite strongconcentrations, is now being widely practised. Whilst special protection has been providedfor the under surfaces of the body etc., due to its highly corrosive nature salt depositedshould be washed off as soon as possible by thorough under washing of the car. Body touch-up paintThe body touch-up pencil supplied is loaded with 8 c.c. of cellulose-base paint. It is suitablefor touching up small scratches, etc., and should be used as follows:1. Thoroughly clean surface to be painted.

2. Shake the container well.3. Remove cap, tip down and apply.4. Regulate flow by pressure on brush.5. Wipe nozzle, container and cap after use and replace cap tightly. Chromium plateChromium cannot rust, but in instances where it is used on ferrous metals, it does notprevent the accumulation of red oxide on the chromium surface.

Although continual polishing is not necessary~ dirt must be removed periodically if the

original high polish is to be maintained. Ordinary metal polishes cannot be used, as someof them contain solutions which act as a solvent to chromium.To clean off mud and dirt, wash with water and dry with a leather.To remove oxide or tar, use any good brand of polish that has been specially prepared for chromium plate.

Badge bar, optional equipment An attractive chromium-plated badge bar can be fitted to the front bumper centre bar asshown in the illustration.



Badge bar

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