BUT SO MANY MORE FOLKS WERE KICKING THINGS OFF. LUTHER KICKS THINGS OFF!

B U T S O M A N Y M O R E F O L K S W E R E K I C K I N G T H I N G S O F F.

LUTHER KICKS THINGS OFF!

LUTHERANISM SPOKE DIAGRAM

• Using the handout, create a spoke diagram of the • origins, • beliefs, • ultimate source of authority, • ritual and worship • and community life of Lutheranism.

LUTHERANISMNOW LET’S GO BACK TO QUESTIONS 8 AND 9. EXPAND YOUR ANSWERS.

Below is a list of practices and beliefs of the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages. • At the time the Church believed that • the forgiveness of sins came through the

sacrament of Reconciliation (officiated by a priest)• Salvation came from doing good works and

receiving the sacraments from the Church• the saints could ask on your behalf for God to

help you• Some even believed that the purchase of

indulgences could get rid of their sins• Bishops chose the priests for each parish• Held religious festivals in remembrance and

reverence of the saints• Priests said mass in Latin (a language very few

people spoke)• The clergy (priests and bishops included) could not

marry

8. Which of these practices did Luther disagree with?

9. How was Luther’s new church different from the Catholic Church? Go through each of the practices listed above and explain how Lutheranism would be different.

HOW DID THE CHURCH INITIALLY RESPOND?

• Martin Luther at the Diet of Worms:• Charles V summoned Luther to Diet of Worms (meeting of

all German princes from Holy Roman Empire)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1YS5JuVGUA

Why was there such a popular response? Why was he not burned at the stake like other earlier reformer?

THE HELP OF THE PRINTING PRESS

• Amidst church corruption, Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press.

• This allowed for rapid reproductions of his books and pamphlets as well as the Bible

• As a result of the printing press, not had literacy rates increase, but also people began to question the practices of the Catholic Church.

WHY DID HIS REFORMS CREATE WIDESPREAD REVOLT IN GERMANY?

• Peasants, believing everyone was equal under God, revolted against lords• Princes, who wanted

freedom from the pope, seized Church land• Peace of Augsburg forced

many to move in order to worship freely

WHY DID PROTESTANTISM SPREAD BEYOND GERMANY?

• Political leaders wanted to escape the power of the Church• People were tired of Church abuses and

corruption• Charismatic individuals questioned Church

teachings and provided leadership• Rising literacy rate allowed for rapid spread of

new ideas

WHAT ABOUT THE REST OF THE NEW CHURCHES? CALVINISM? ANABAPTISTS? ANGLICANS?

1. ORIGINS: 1. Which of the three origins was less about religious beliefs and

practices and more about politics?

2. BELIEFS ABOUT SIN AND SALVATION: 1. Which of the three had the most radical views about sin and salvation?

3. ULTIMATE AUTHORITY: 1. What do they tend to have in common regarding their beliefs on the

ultimate source of authority? 2. And which religion was a little different from the others in terms of

authority?

4. RITUAL AND WORSHIP:1. Which church had the most in common with the Catholic Church

regarding ritual and worship?

5. COMMUNITY LIFE:1. Which religion was the “strictest” is your opinion?

COMPARE AND CONTRAST ALL 5

THE COUNTER REFORMATION

SO…HOW DID THE CATHOLIC CHURCH RESPOND?

• They took two major paths…A. Reform the Church from within

Pope Paul IIIThe Council of Trent

And

B. Tried to stop the spread of ProtestantismJesuitsInquisitionIndex of Prohibited Books

REFORM FROM WITHIN…

• Pope Paul III• Led the Counter, or Catholic Reformation• Promoted reform-minded cardinals to the Curia• Had Church abuses catalogued• Called meeting at Trent to deal with the growth of

Protestantism

• GRADE?

REFORM FROM WITHIN…

• Council of Trent (1545-1563)• Defined Catholic beliefs and corrected abuses• Sale of indulgences prohibited• Simony outlawed• Seminaries established to train parish priests• Monasteries and convents cleansed of immoral clergy

• GRADE?

TRIED TO STOP THE SPREAD OF PROTESTANTISM

• Jesuits (1540)• Disciplined and well-educated order of Catholic priests• Won Poland and southern Germany back into the Catholic

faith• Spread Christian message across Africa, Asia, and the

Americas

• GRADE?

TRIED TO STOP THE SPREAD OF PROTESTANTISM

• Inquisition (1542)• Church court designed to judge and convict heretics• Designed to stamp out heresies by interrogating all

people suspected of unorthodox views• Imprisoned, exiled, or executed those with unorthodox

views• Less brutal than Spanish Inquisition

• GRADE?

TRIED TO STOP THE SPREAD OF PROTESTANTISM

• Index of Prohibited Books (1559)• List of banned books with Catholics were forbidden to

read• List included Protestant Bibles and some scientific

writings

• GRADE?

ADDITIONAL REFORMERS

• Borromeo and Francis of Sales• Woman in the church (ex Teresa of Avila)

IMPACT OF THE REFORMATION AND COUNTER REFORMATION

CHANGES IN RELIGION

• What images did you use to represent the ideas in this section?• Rifts existed between all of the churches. Lutherans did

not accept the ideas of Anabaptists. Calvinists disapproved of Lutherans

PERSECUTIONS AND HYSTERIA

• What images did you use to represent the ideas in this section?• Forced conversion of Jews and Muslims• Witch hunts

POLITICAL EFFECTS

• What images did you use to represent the ideas in this section?• Rising sense of nationalism as the power of the catholic

Church waned• Political power became separated from church

RELIGIOUS WARS AND UNREST

• What images did you use to represent the ideas in this section?• The Italians wars• Expanded the Renaissance ideas

• Conflicts among Germans• Issues with high taxes and lack of power • Peasants’ War evolved into a Protestants (Luther) vs. Catholics

(Charles V) resulting in the Peace of Augsburg• The local prince could decide on the religion of their princedom • Someone had religions freedom at least.

• Conflicts between Religions• France had its own conflict between Huguenots and Catholics.

This lead to true freedom of religion via the Edict of Nantes