How Effort Metrics and Utilization Constrict the Flow of Value “PRODUCTIVITY” IS KILLING US [email protected] @AdamYuret
How Effort Metrics and Utilization Constrict the Flow of Value
“PRODUCTIVITY” IS KILLING US
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Please Turn Your Smartphones ON! #Geekfest
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Who Is This Guy?!
Husband, Dad, Humanistic Lean Flow-‐Based Systems-‐Thinking Consultant at Context driven Agility (CDA)
Consulting, Sailor
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My Two Favorite People
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My Other Interest
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Learning
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Learning
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Why Are We Here?
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Discuss how the relentless pursuit of productivity is constraining our ability to effectively deliver value to our customers and businesses. !Discuss some alternatives to this approach of optimizing for busyness.
Oh Right, at This Session
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But First, an Apology
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Resource Efficiency Nightmare: 0% Utilization
Waste@AdamYuret [email protected]
~100% Resource Efficiency
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“Resource” Efficiency Nightmare 0% Utilization
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That Guy Woke Up and Said…
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What Can Happen When “Agile” Turns Up?
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What Are Legalistic Frameworks?
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!!!
● Prescriptive: Follow these rules and Agile hyper-‐productivity will be your reward.
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Some Agile Adoption Antipatterns
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Focus on Compliance to the Framework Over Value
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!!!●What did you do yesterday? !
●What will you do today? !
● Any impediments?
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Status reporting stand-‐up meetings
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Splitting Teams & Creating Dependencies
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Limit WIP/Visualize Flow of Value
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Excessive Work in Progress (WIP) is the enemy of flow. By setting limits to work in progress we can enable greater flow.
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Limit Work In Progress
If We Measure Busyness, We’ll Create More Busyness.
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Little’s Law
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Traditional management thinking treats all demand as equal. There is work to be done and people who do the work. Failure Demand is demand that originates from a failure to have done something right in the first place. Not all productivity is desirable.
What is Failure Demand?
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Typical Example of Failure Demand
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!Agile team produces growing velocity but, as they speed features out the door, bugs are introduced. When bugs come into the backlog they’re assigned velocity points. It is theoretically possible, therefore, to have a team producing zero value while increasing velocity fixing bugs.
Product Development Example
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Pitfalls of Ignoring Failure Demand
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Protecting Silos From Failure Demand Creates More…
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● In order to keep developers typing at maximum utilization, we create teams to absorb the failure demand caused by developers typing at maximum utilization. These teams often have unlimited WIP and must consume an unending stream of demand. This also hides the problems from the people creating them.
“Dumpster Teams”
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Value Demand
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Quantify Value
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Make Strategic Intents Visible
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Clear Priorities Are Essential To Distributed Decision-‐Making
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Stephen Bungay: Directed Opportunism
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The Organization is Not a Machine, But an Organism, a Set of Human Relationships.
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In Order to Have High Autonomy, High Alignment is Needed. To have High Alignment, Strategic Clarity is Needed.
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Study This Guy’s Work
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Principles of Product Development Flow
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Utilization & Queuing Theory
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Rules Are Waste
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Create Slack
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Slack as Variability Buffer
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Flow Trumps WasteWhat Does That Mean?
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Value Trumps FlowLean Decision Filter
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!In general, reliability is the ability of a person or system to perform and maintain its functions in routine circumstances as well as in hostile or unexpected circumstances. In the case of emergency services, reliability looks at actual incident history data to measure historical performance in accordance with adopted performance measures.
!A unit unavailable for response provides no service to the community. The unit may be out of service for a multitude of reasons including; another emergency response, training, maintenance, etc. If a unit is not available 80% of the time, it is not reasonable to expect the unit to perform at the 80th percentile.
!…. Poor availability negatively influences response times.
Unit Hour Utilization
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Slack For Learning
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Read a Book
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Capability Balancing
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Lean Coffee
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Slack For Innovation
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!● Failure Demand ● Silos:“Dumpster Teams” ●Overloaded Bottlenecks ●Deadline-‐Driven Development ● Exponential Delays
What Happens Without Slack?
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Play
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A Brief Digression Into Burndowns
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Limit WIP, Eliminate Task-‐Tracking
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Team Testimonials“Limiting our work in progress so we focused on completion was a big deal for us. It felt better to have 1 story than 5 tasks in progress.” –Lead Developer !“Development was very helpful with testing, volunteering to clear impediments and helping us test during the sprint.” –Lead Tester !“The team is excited and helping each other out during stand-‐up and working together in the War Room” –PM/SM
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Focus On Value
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A System Is Not The Sum of It’s Parts
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Books
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THANK YOU!
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