Burn

are caused by exposure ofare caused by exposure of the the skinskin

to a heat source for a prolongedto a heat source for a prolonged

period of timeperiod of time..

Burn injuriesBurn injuries

Anatomy & function of the Anatomy & function of the skinskin::

The functions of the skin areThe functions of the skin are::

♠ protect the body from infection and injury

♠ prevent the loss of body fluids

♠ regulate body temperature

♠ provide a sense of touch and feel

Types of burn injuresTypes of burn injures::

RadiatioRadiationn

injuriesinjuries

ChemicChemic

al al injuriesinjuries

ElectricElectrical al

injuriesinjuries

Thermal Thermal injuresinjures

: as splashes and immersion: as splashes and immersion

Thermal injuresThermal injures

contact contact burnsburns

Flam burnsFlam burns Scald Scald burnsburns

As As splashes splashes immersionimmersion

of burn Degreeof burn Degree

degree degree burnsFirstburnsFirst

Second degree Second degree burnsburns

third degree third degree burnsburns

First Degree BurnsFirst Degree Burns

First degree burnsFirst degree burns affect only the epidermis affect only the epidermis..

These burns areThese burns are

red in colorred in color ۞۞

dry in texturedry in texture ۞۞

moderatelymoderately painfulpainful .۞۞

ExamplesExamples::

severe sunburnsevere sunburn ۩۩ hot liquidhot liquid ۩۩

splashsplash۩۩

11stst degree burns degree burns usually heal within 7 days usually heal within 7 days

and do not leave long-term scarringand do not leave long-term scarring

11stst degree degree burnburn

Second Degree BurnsSecond Degree Burns

Second degree burnsSecond degree burns affect the epidermis &a affect the epidermis &a portion of the dermisportion of the dermis

These severelyThese severely

- -painfulpainful

- -typically pinktypically pink

- -cherry red in colorcherry red in color

- -blistered skinblistered skin

cause of 2cause of 2ndnd degree degree::

direct contact with major heat sourcesdirect contact with major heat sources

chemicalschemicals

flame burnsflame burns..

Healing processesHealing processes : :

with proper treatment from 7 to 14 daywith proper treatment from 7 to 14 day

with minimalwith minimal impairmentimpairment

22ndnd degree degree burnburn

Third Degree BurnsThird Degree Burns

3rd burns3rd burns affect the epidermis and the entire affect the epidermis and the entire dermisdermis..

These burnsThese burns may be may be

11--painless because of levelpainless because of level

of damage to nerve endingsof damage to nerve endings..

22-- may be white ,brown, black ormay be white ,brown, black or

red in colorred in color..

ExamplesExamples

intense flamintense flam

electrical currentelectrical current

chemicalschemicals

prolonged exposure to high heatprolonged exposure to high heat

33rdrd degree degree burnburn

Sun burnSun burn

♠ Sun burnSun burn is resulting from an exposure of the skin tois resulting from an exposure of the skin to ultraviolet (UV) rays found in sun lightultraviolet (UV) rays found in sun light..

♠ mostly sun burnmostly sun burn is 1st degreeis 1st degree& &

accompanied withaccompanied with: :

Pain (increase 1st 6 & 48 hr.)Pain (increase 1st 6 & 48 hr.) swellingswelling

even blisteringeven blistering

Basic principles for treatment of Basic principles for treatment of burnburn::

♠Cool the burn site

♠Prevent further contamination

♠Keep vital fluids on site

♠Do not induce hypothermia

11STST aid for 1 aid for 1stst degree burns degree burns

11 - -Flush the burned area withFlush the burned area with

cool or tape watercool or tape water..

22 - -cleanse the burned areacleanse the burned area,,

apply moisturing creamapply moisturing cream

& & analgesic to relieve the painanalgesic to relieve the pain

11STST aid for 2nd degree burns aid for 2nd degree burns

11 - -Rinse the area with cool waterRinse the area with cool water

spray with antiseptic sprayspray with antiseptic spray

cover with sterile dressingcover with sterile dressing..

22 - -Avoid break blisters ,which increases the Avoid break blisters ,which increases the risk ofrisk of

infection. if blisters become infected seekinfection. if blisters become infected seek medical attentionmedical attention..

11stst aid for major burns aid for major burns

11 - -remove the victim from the source ofremove the victim from the source of

injuryinjury . .

22 - -Lay the victim down and covering theLay the victim down and covering the

victim with a blanket or coat or by victim with a blanket or coat or by having the victim roll over slowly. having the victim roll over slowly.

Do notDo not allow the victim to run allow the victim to run

33 - -In the case of extensive burns, check forIn the case of extensive burns, check for

respiration, ciculation,and signs of shock respiration, ciculation,and signs of shock andand

treat appropriatelytreat appropriately..

44 - -Apply cool compresses to bring skinApply cool compresses to bring skin

temperature back to normaltemperature back to normal

55 - -Do not try to remove burned clothing orDo not try to remove burned clothing or

objects that adhere to the burned area, objects that adhere to the burned area, you can cut it you can cut it..

66 - -if the victim wear rings or jewelry helpif the victim wear rings or jewelry help

him to remove ithim to remove it . .

Treatment of chemical burnsTreatment of chemical burns

♠ wash the burned areawash the burned area

♠ apply a lotion to preventapply a lotion to prevent

dryness of the skindryness of the skin

♠ wrap the burned areawrap the burned area

with a dry ,sterilewith a dry ,sterile

dressing or a clean clothdressing or a clean cloth . .

chemical burnschemical burns

♠ if the chemical has splash into eye:

1 -irrigate the injuries eye with cool water , for 15 minutes

2 -cover the eye with a sterile dressing & take the victim to a hospital emergency

Treatment of electrical burnsTreatment of electrical burns

♠ Do not touchDo not touch

♠ Turn off the source of electricity if Turn off the source of electricity if possiblepossible . .

if not using a non conducting object madeif not using a non conducting object made

of wood or plasticof wood or plastic

♠ check for breathing.check for breathing. ensure that person isensure that person is

breathing. If the breathing has breathing. If the breathing has stopped ,beginstopped ,begin

CPRCPR..

electrical burnselectrical burns

Thank Thank youyou